2014新课标1高考压轴卷 英语 Word版含解析

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- 1 - 2014新课标1高考压轴卷

英 语

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）略

第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C 和D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑. A

A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below l6℃. Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate. Without the forest cover ，these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere ，warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns ，potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world.

In the past hundred years ，humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources （资源）：land for crops ，wood for paper and other products ，land for raising farm animals. This action affects the environment as a whole. For example ，a lot of carbon dioxide （二氧化碳）in the air comes from burning the rainforests. People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit. There are two main reasons for this. Firstly ，when people cut down trees ，generally they can only use the land for a year or two. Secondly ，cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now ，but in the long run it actually reduces the world’s wood supply.

Rainforests are often called the world’s drug store. More than 25％ of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. However ，fewer than l ％of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value. It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world’s shrinking rainforests.

21. What does the word “this” underlined in the third paragraph refer to?

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- 2 - A. We will lose much more than we can gain. B. Humans have begun destroying rainforests. C. People have a strong desire for resources. D. Much carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforests. 22. It can be inferred from the text that A. we can get enough resources without rainforests B. there is great medicine potential in rainforests C. we will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained land D. the level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns 23. What might be the best title for the text? A. How to Save Rainforests B. How to Protect Nature C. Rainforests and the Environment D. Rainforests and Medical Development

B

The brown widow spider became established in Southern California in early 2000 and has become part of the local spider family in urban Los Angeles and San Diego. The brown widow spider is continuing its expansion in Southern California and could possibly move northward into Central California.

The brown widow is suspected to have evolved in Africa although it was first described from South America, which adds confusion as to where it might have originated. It is a tropical and subtropical spider having established populations in Hawaii, Florida, parts of Australia, South Africa and Japan. In North America, the brown widow was restricted for many decades to the Florida peninsula. However, around the year 2000, it started showing up in other Gulf Coast states. Brown widows are now known from Texas to Georgia and South Carolina.

The brown widow builds its web in protected sites around homes and in woody vegetation with branches. Some typical sites selected by brown widows for web building are empty containers such as buckets and nursery pots, mail boxes, entry way corners, under eaves, storage closets and garages,

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- 3 - undercarriages of motor vehicles that are stationary for long periods, and the undersides of outdoor furniture. They choose places that are more exposed than sites chosen by black widows and therefore, appear to be at higher risk for interactions with humans as far as bites are concerned.

One recent study demonstrates that the brown widow spider is less poisonous than other widow species. The reason for the weaker effect of brown widow bites on humans is possibly because the brown widow does not have much poison as its larger relatives, but it is really a threat to humans as to its poison. The two major symptoms of a brown widow bite were that the bite hurt when it was given and it left a red mark. These two symptoms are not much different from the bite of normal household spiders.

There is no specific information regarding the control of brown widows by farm chemicals. Most current advice is what is used for controlling spiders in general. Therefore, most commercially available farm chemicals should work on brown widows. Avoiding a mess of the house and the garage should reduce nest sites for them. Also, one should store garage items in plastic bags where there might be interactions with spiders. These items include rarely worn garments such as gardening clothes and gloves, recreational items like sports equipment (i.e., baseball gloves) and other items where spiders can crawl up into holes where fingers can be inserted.

24. The author wrote this article to _______.

A. announce the result of a research on spiders

B. introduce the ways to get rid of the spiders

C. report a new finding of the widow species

D. warn readers against the brown widow

25. From the passage we can conclude that _______.

A. brown widows are spreading northward

B. the brown widow originated from Africa

C. brown widows now can be found in all countries

D. there used to be no brown widows in North America

26. The third paragraph is mainly about _______.

A. the brown widow’s web building

B. the characteristics of the brown widow

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