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(英语)高考英语语法填空各地方试卷集合汇编含解析

(英语)高考英语语法填空各地方试卷集合汇编含解析
(英语)高考英语语法填空各地方试卷集合汇编含解析

(英语)高考英语语法填空各地方试卷集合汇编含解析

一、高中英语语法填空

1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A hotel chain is employing human bed warmers to help guests get a good night's sleep. ________ (dress) in special all-in-one sleeping suits, the walking electric blankets are sent to warm the beds of guests staying at the Holiday Inn ________ they get under the covers.

Dr Chris Idzikowski, ________ (direct) of the Edinburgh Sleep Centre, said the idea could help people get off to sleep. He ________ (explain) that "There's plenty of scientific evidence to show that sleep starts at the beginning of the night ________ body temperature starts to drop. The drop occurs partly because the blood vessels (血管) ________ the hands, face and feet open up and release heat." "A warm bed –approximately 20 to 24 degrees Celsuis –is ________ good way to start this process while a cold bed isn't. It helps people sleep well especially as it's taking much ________ (long) for them to warm up when they come in from the snow."

Dr Chris Idzikowski and ________ (he) colleague Jane Bednall said the idea was like "having a giant hot water bottle in your bed". The five-minute free bed warming sessions will be tried out in London and Manchester ________ the end of next month.

【答案】 Dressed;before;director;explained;when;of;a;longer;his;at

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一款新发明的暖床器以及使用暖床器的好处。

(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。动词dress与这句话的主语the walking electric blankets之间是被动关系,故填Dressed。

(2)考查状语从句。句意:行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。根据句意,客人睡觉之前需要暖床,故填before。

(3)考查名词。句意:爱丁堡睡眠中心的主任Chris Idzikowski博士说,这个办法能帮助人们更好地入睡。空格前是一个人名,两个逗号之间的部分是这个人名的同位语,所以应填一个表示人的名词。故填director。

(4)考查时态。句意:他解释,有充分科学依据显示,入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。由上一句中said使用的是一般过去时可知,这句话也应使用一般过去时。故填explained。

(5)考查定语从句。句意:他解释,有充分科学依据显示,入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。根据句意,这是一个定语从句,先行词为the beginning of the night,并且先行词在从句中做时间状语,故填关系词when。

(6)考查介词。句意:人体温度之所以会下降,部分原因在于,(这时)人的手部、脸部以及脚部的血管开始扩张,散发了热量。空前前后都是名词,所以空格处应填介词,the blood vessels与the hands之间属于所属关系,故填of。

(7)考查冠词。句意:温暖的床(温度大约在20到24摄氏度之间)有助于人们入睡而冰冷的床则会妨碍人们入睡。空格位于谓语动词后,空格后为一个可数单数名词短语,所以空格处应填不定冠词。“good”是以辅音音素开始的,故填a。

(8)考查形容词。句意:它能帮助人们睡得更好,特别是当他们从大雪天进来,要花更长的时间才能让被窝暖和起来的时候。根据句意,这句话强调天冷的时候,要花更长的时间才能让被窝暖和起来,故填形容词比较级比较合适。故填longer。

(9)考查代词。句意:Chris Idzikowski博士和他的同事Jane Bednall说,这个主意就像是“往你的被窝儿里放个大热水瓶。”空格后是一个但数名词,且colleague与Chris Idzikowski 之间是所属关系,所以应填形容词性的物主代词。Chris Idzikowski是男士,故填his。(10)考查介词。句意:这个五分钟就能暖床的环节这个月底将在伦敦与曼彻斯特实行。at the end of固定短语,“在……末端; 在……的结尾”,故填at。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,状语从句,名词,时态,定语从句,介词,冠词,形容词,代词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

2.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

A few months ________(early), Stephanie Heller, had finished her workout in the gym when she ________(notice)a woman in the parking lot struggling to bend down. Ms. Heller offered to help her. The woman blamed old age for her incapacity, ________(explain)that she was 70. But Ms. Heller was 71. "This woman felt every bit her age." she recalled. "I don't let age stop me. I need a good mood, really. I love singing and dancing with all the young friends I ________ (make)over the years. I'm only as old as I feel."

Each of us has ________actual age, the number we celebrate on birthdays. But some 50-, 60-and 70-year-olds look and feel ________(youth), while others do not. Scientists measure these differences by looking at age-related things like skin elasticity, blood pressure and so on, finding some ________(connect)among them. People ________a healthy lifestyle and a fortunate genetic inheritance(继承)tend ________(score) "younger" on these assessments.

When scientists ask, "How old do you feel, most of the time?" the answer can reflect the state of people's physical and mental health. The age given is a virtual one, ________is called "subjective age".

【答案】earlier;noticed;explaining;have made;an;youthful/young;connection/connections;with;to score;which

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,有的人看起来比实际年龄小,是因为健康的生活方式,好的遗传基因让人看起来更年轻,研究发现一个人的心态可以反应他的主观年龄。(1)考查形容词。根据后文的had finished过去完成时,可判断事情发生在过去之前,a few months earlier“几个月之前”,可以和过去完成时连用,故填earlier。

(2)考查时态。根系句子可知此处是从句谓语动词,此处考查固定句型had done…when(从句用一般过去时)刚做完某事突然就……,故填noticed。

(3)考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语the woman和explain(解释)之间是主动关系,应用现在分词,故填explaining。

(4)考查时态。分析句子可知此处是定语从句谓语动词,根据下文的over the years(在过去几年里)判断该句为现在完成时,主语为I,故填have made。

(5)考查冠词。age的可数名词,此处是泛指,应用不定冠词,又actual是元音音素开头,故填an。

(6)考查形容词。此处应填形容词作为feel的表语,youth的形容词是young和youthful,故填young/youthful。

(7)考查名词。此处应填名词作为finding的宾语,connect的名词形式connection为可数名词,some可以理解为“一些/某个”,故此处可以用名词单数形式,也可用复数形式,故填connection/connections。

(8)考查介词。句意:拥有健康生活方式和好的遗传基因的人倾向于在这些评价中获得高分。分析句子可知此处应填介词,再结合句意表示“有”的介词是with,故填with。(9)考查非谓语动词。tend to do sth固定短语,“倾向于做某事”,故填to score。

(10)考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处是非限定性定语从句的关系词,先行词one在从句中充当主语,应用关系代词which引导,故填which。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,时态,非谓语动词,冠词,介词,名词,定语从句以及多个知识点的考查,是一篇健康类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

3.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的形式。

"Living within 300 metres of green space ________ (associate) with greater happiness, sense of worth and life satisfaction," says a new study. ________ (use) data from UK government's Annual Population Survey (APS) of 25518 people, the researchers show that people ________ live within 300 metres of green space have significantly better mental well-being. "A lot of research focuses ________ poor mental health, or single aspect of well-being like life satisfaction. What makes our work different is the way we consider multi-dimensional mental well-being in terms of happiness, life satisfaction and worth," said Victoria Houlden from the University of Warwick.

The study, ________ (publish) in the journal Applied Geography, found that there is a very strong relationship between the amount of green space around a person's home ________ their feelings of life satisfaction, happiness, and self-worth. Green space within 300 metres of home made the greatest ________ (differ) to mental well-being. The study found that access to green space was ________ (important) than lifestyle factors such as employment, income and general health. "By ________ (combine) advanced statistical and mapping methods, we've shown that the effect is real. ________ (basical) we've proven what everyone has always assumed was true," said Scott Weich, Professor at the University of Sheffield.

【答案】is associated;Using;who或that;on /upon;published;and;difference;more important;combining;Basically

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,一项新研究称居住在300米以内的绿地能带来更大的幸福感、价值感和生活满意度。这项发表在《应用地理》杂志上的研究发现,一个人的家周围的绿地数量与他们对生活的满意度、幸福感和自我价值感之间存在很强的关系。这种影响以及得到证实,它是真的。

(1)考查时态语态。句意:居住在300米以内的绿色空间,会带来更大的幸福感、价值感和生活满意度。be associated with sth.固定短语,"与某事联系在一起",且描述客观事实

用一般现在时,主语为动名词短语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is associated。(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:根据英国政府对25518人的年度人口调查(APS)数据,研究人员表明,居住在绿色空间300米以内的人心理健康状况明显更好。本句中use做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语researchers构成主动关系,故用现在分词,填Using。

(3)考查定语从句。句意:根据英国政府对25518人的年度人口调查(APS)数据,研究人员表明,居住在绿色空间300米以内的人心理健康状况明显更好。本句为定语从句修饰先行词people,且先行词在从句中做主语,指人,个用关系代词who或that。故填who或that。

(4)考查介词。句意:很多研究都集中在心理健康方面,或者说是像生活满意度这样的幸福方面。focus on/upon固定短语,"集中于,专注于",故填on或upon。

(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:这项发表在《应用地理》杂志上的研究发现,一个人的家周围的绿地数量与他们对生活的满意度、幸福感和自我价值感之间存在很强的关系。本句中publish做非谓语动词与逻辑主语study构成被动关系,故用过去分词,填published。(6)考查连词。句意:这项发表在《应用地理》杂志上的研究发现,一个人的家周围的绿地数量与他们对生活的满意度、幸福感和自我价值感之间存在很强的关系。between…and…固定短语,"在……之间",故填and。

(7)考查名词。句意:住宅周围300米范围内的绿地对心理健康的影响最大。make a great difference固定短语,"有很大影响",故填difference。

(8)考查形容词。句意:研究发现,获得绿色空间比生活方式因素如就业、收入和一般健康更重要。根据下文”than lifestyle factors“可知应填important的形容词比较级,故填more important。

(9)考查非谓语动词。句意:通过结合先进的统计和映射方法,我们已经证明了这种效果是真实的。by为介词后跟动名词做宾语,故填combing。

(10)考查副词。句意:基本上,我们已经证明了每个人一直以来所认为的是正确的,"谢菲尔德大学教授Scott Weich表示。修饰下文整个句子应用副词,故填Basically。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,非谓语动词,定语从句,介词,连词,名词,形容词以及副词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

4.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The powerful Hurricane Barry weakened but remained a weather nightmare on Tuesday. It ________ (strike) parts of Arkansas with at least six________ (inch) of rain and caused flash flooding that drowned ________animal shelter and killed a puppy.

Heavy rains were falling. The Humane Society of Clark County issued an SOS after flooding drowned its recently rebuilt shelter. "SOS! We are flooded. It's on the building! "the official said in a Facebook post. "We need help! Can any of you keep a dog ________two at your houses? Help! Help! Help!" Video from the scene showed wet dogs wandering loose in the shelter, the floor covered in water. Many offered their homes and yards ________the animals. A short time ________(late), the official posted an update on Facebook________(say) foster homes have been

found for all 72 dogs. "We are so blessed! People from all over have come to ________ (we) rescue. Donations. Cleaning. Fostering. It's really________ (impress)." the post said. After the rainfall, a ray of sunshine shone brightly in the states ________the storm burst last week.

【答案】 struck;inches;an;or;to;later;saying;our;impressive;where

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,飓风袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区,并引发了山洪暴发,淹没了一家动物收容所,导致一只小狗死亡。一名官员在Facebook上请求人们救助小狗,为所有72只狗找到了寄养家庭的故事。

(1)考查时态。句意:它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区,带来了至少6英寸的降雨,并引发了山洪暴发,淹没了一家动物收容所,导致一只小狗死亡。根据上文可知飓风发生在星期四,应用一般过去时。故填struck。

(2)考查名词。句意:它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区,带来了至少6英寸的降雨,并引发了山洪暴发,淹没了一家动物收容所,导致一只小狗死亡。inch为可数名词,由six修饰应用复数形式。故填inches。

(3)考查冠词。句意:它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区,带来了至少6英寸的降雨,并引发了山洪暴发,淹没了一家动物收容所,导致一只小狗死亡。animal shelter为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且animal为元音音素开头的单词。故填an。

(4)考查连词。句意:你们谁能在家里养一只或者两只狗吗?结合语境可知表示“或者”应用or,故填or。

(5)考查介词。句意:许多人把自己的家和院子提供给了这些动物。offer sth. to...固定短语“提供某物给……”,故填to。

(6)考查副词。句意:不久之后,这名官员在Facebook上更新了一条消息,称已经为所有72只狗找到了寄养家庭。表示“不久之后”短语为a short time later,故填later。

(7)考查非谓语动词。句意:不久之后,这名官员在Facebook上更新了一条消息,称已经为所有72只狗找到了寄养家庭。本句中say做非谓语动词与逻辑主语an update构成主动关系,应用现在分词,故填saying。

(8)考查代词。句意:来自世界各地的人们来救助我们。come to one's rescue固定短语,“营救某人”,结合上文we可知应填our,故填our。

(9)考查形容词。句意:这真是令人印象深刻。结合上文It's可知应填形容词作表语,故填impressive。

(10)考查定语从句。句意:雨后,一缕阳光在上周风暴爆发的各州明亮地照耀着。本句为定语从句修饰先行词state,且先行词在从句中做地点状语,故应用关系副词where。故填where。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态,名词,冠词,连词,介词,副词,非谓语动词,代词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

5.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The "carpenter" thinks that his or her child can________(shape). "The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, you're going to be able to turn your child ________a particular kind of adult," she said

The "gardener", however is seldom concerned about ________ (control) what the child will become and instead provides a protected space ________explore). The style is all about:" creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem".

Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said." Many parents are carpenters, and ________is really necessary for them to bring up their children." She spent decades researching children's development and finally ________(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may become________ (anxiety), tense or unhappy.

"We're so concerned about our children ________ we think have difficulty mastering their own future that we're unwilling to allow them to ________ (free) explore the world." she says. The truth is that the ________ (little) that parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life.

【答案】be shaped;into;controlling;to explore;it;found;anxious;who/that;freely;less

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了现代美国存在的木匠型父母和园丁型父母的特点。

(1)考查语态。句意:“木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。可知,此处主语与动词之间为被动关系,又因为空前有情态动词can.。故填be shaped。

(2)考查介词。句意: “木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn .. into...固定短语,“将......变成......”,故填into。

(3)考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而,“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样,而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动名词作介词about的宾语。故填controlling。(4)考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而,“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样,而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动词不定式作后置定语,修饰名词space。故填to explore。

(5)考查代词。句意: 很多父母都是“木匠型”父母,对他们来说,把孩子抚养成人是非常必要的。此处为It's十形容词十for sb十to do sth”的结枸,意为“对某人来说,做某事是……”,在该句中是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填it。

(6)考查时态。句意: 她花了几十年的时间研究孩子的发展,最后发现父母往往过于关注孩子成年后的状况。根据并列连词and及前句中的谓语动词spent可知,此处用所给动词的一般过去式。故填found。

(7)考查形容词。句意: 危害在于父母和他们的孩子可能会感到焦虑,紧张或不快乐。此处用所给词的形容词作become的表语。故填anxious。

(8)考查定语从句。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子,我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来,我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。分析句子结构可知,该空引导的是一个限制性定语

从句,从句中缺少主语(we think是插入语)且先行词是our children,故此处用关系代词who/that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。

(9)考查副词。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子,我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来,我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。此处用所给词的副词修饰动词explore。故填freely。(10)考查形容词。句意: 事实是,父母越不担心结果,他们的孩子可能生活得越好。根据句意“事实是,父母对结果的担心越少,他们的孩子的生活就越好”可知,此处用所给形容词的比较级,且枸成“the十比较级,the十比较级”的结枸。故填less。

【点评】本题考点涉及语态,介词,非谓语动词,代词,时态,形容词,定语从句,副词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇社会类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

6.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The more advanced technology becomes, the more it seems to have control over our lives. We shop, work, play, search for information and seek ________ (chat) with each other online. Yet people are not arguing about this astonishing condition. It ________ (believe) that people have readily embraced technology, seeking only the benefits but ________ (ignore) its drawbacks.

It does not matter whether your home is in a ________ (noise) downtown or in the remote countryside. If you have a screen ________ it can pick up a signal, your mind is still in the same placeless place. This place is the zone ________ your mind will go when you stare at a screen, and it feels like your mind stops thinking.

Recent developments in technology also led to a decline in normal social behaviors. In past ages, you could walk around town for a whole day without seeing all the people you know. Now, everyone you know is ________ arm's reach, taking that certain psychological feeling out of seeing people. You can see them every second of every day, and hear nearly every single thought of theirs just as they hear ________ (you).

In ________ (conclude), modern technology can be a double-edged sword. They do have their advantages, but they can change our lives ________ (complete).

【答案】to chat;is believed;ignoring;noisy;and;where;within;yours;conclusion;completely

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,论述了现代技术是一把双刃剑。它们确实有自己的优势,但它们可以彻底改变我们的生活。

(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:我们在网上购物、工作、娱乐、搜索信息和聊天。语seek to do sth.固定短语,“试图做,设法做某事”,故填to chat。

(2)考查时态语态。句意:人们相信,人们已经欣然接受了技术,只追求它的好处而忽略了它的缺点。It is believed that…固定句式,“人们相信……”,故填is believed。

(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:人们相信,人们已经欣然接受了技术,只追求它的好处而忽略了它的缺点。本空与上文”seeking only the benefits“构成并列非谓语结构,故填ignoring。

(4)考查形容词。句意:不管你的家是在闹市还是在偏远的农村。downtown为名词需要形容词修饰,故填noisy。

(5)考查连词。句意:如果你有一个屏幕,它可以接收到一个信号,你的思想仍然在同一个地方。结合上下文语境可知为承接关系,故填and。

(6)考查定语从句。句意:当你盯着屏幕的时候,你的大脑会进入这个区域,你会觉得大脑停止思考了。本句为定语从句修饰先行词place,且先行词在从句中做地点状语,故填where。

(7)考查介词。句意:现在,你认识的每个人都在你的触手可及的范围内,把那种特定的心理感受带离与人交往。within arm's reach固定短语,“伸手可及的范围内”,故填within。

(8)考查代词。句意:你每时每刻都能看到他们,几乎能听到他们的每一个想法,就像他们听到你的一样。此处做hear的宾语需要用名词性物主代词,故填yours。

(9)考查名词。句意:总之,现代技术是一把双刃剑。in conclusion固定短语,“总之”,故填conclusion。

(10)考查副词。句意:它们确实有自己的优势,但它们可以彻底改变我们的生活。修饰动词change应用副词形式,故填completely。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,时态语态,连词,定语从句,介词,代词,名词以及副词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

7.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ever wondered how many calories are in the human body? Or ever wondered why old people have ________ (big) ears than they used to? The winners of Ig Nobel Prizes (搞笑诺贝尔奖) have got the answers.

He Ig Nobel Prizes, founded in 1991, are to honor achievements ________ first make people laugh, and then make them think, The ceremony ________ (take) place at Harvard University every year. Winners' acceptance ________(speech) are limited to 60 seconds, ________ (strict) policed by an eight-year-old girl.

The honored research might seem ridiculous ________ first sight, but that doesn't mean it lacks scientific value. For example, the research in 2006 on why dry spaghetti tends to break into more than two pieces was important ________ (discover) failure in bridge spans (跨度) or human bones And a follow-up paper ________ (publish) by MIT physicists several years later. But people are more likely to read about ________ (break) spaghetti than to read an academic paper. Even when there is no immediate usefulness, ________ is still good to encourage people to observe and think.

【答案】bigger;that/ which;takes;speeches;strictly;at;to discover;was published;breaking;it

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,搞笑诺贝尔奖听起来似乎很搞笑,但是这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。

(1)考查形容词。句意:或者想知道为什么老年人的耳朵比以前大? 根据句意和than可知这里要用形容词的比较级,故填bigger。

(2)考查定语从句。分析可知空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词为achievements,指物。空格处在句中做主语所以要用that或者which引导这个定语从句,故填that/which。

(3)考查主谓一致和时态。分析可知take在句中做谓语。这里介绍的是一般事实,要用一般现在时。主语the ceremony为单数,谓语动词也要用单数,故填takes。

(4)考查名词。speech为可数名词,根据后面的are判断这里要用其复数形式,故填speeches。

(5)考查副词。空格处修饰动词police要用副词,故填strictly。

(6)考查介词。句意:乍一看,这项久享盛名的研究似乎很荒谬,但这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。at first sight固定短语,"乍一看;一看到.......就",故填at。

(7)考查非谓语动词。这里使用了sth/sb+be+adj+to do的结构,故填to discover。

(8)考查语态时态。本句的事情已经发生,事情发生在过去要用一般过去时。谓语动词publish和主语a follow-up paper是被动关系,要用被动语态。a follow-up paper是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。故填was published。

(9)考查非谓语动词。about为介词,后面的动词要用动名词形式,故填breaking。

(10)考查代词。句意:即使没有立竿见影的效果,鼓励人们去观察和思考也是好的。根据句意,分析可知在主句中,to encourage people to observe and think是真正的主语,要用it做形式主语,故填it。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,定语从句,主谓一致,名词,副词,非谓语动词,时态语态以及代词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

8.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。

The cave dwelling (Yaodong in Chinese) in Xi'an , Shaanxi Province, is laid out in rows one atop the other, looking like buildings of multiple floors in the distance . It is a sort of distinctive cave house ________ (dig) into the mountains for dwelling of many laboring people on the Loess Plateau in northwest China.

A cave house is usually six meters deep and four meters wide. Stoneslabs (厚板) ________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance, ________ is decorated with beautiful wood or metal windows in a ________ (vary) of styles. The types of the cave dwelling can be divided into the earth cave dwelling, brick cave dwelling ________ stone dwelling. For centuries, they have been regarded ________the symbol of the peasants in northern part of Shaanxi Province.

The beauty about the cave dwelling is ________they help maintain local geography and save on farmlands by ________ (make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused. They are warm in winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter and 10 degrees Celsius ________ (low) in summer. Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.

【答案】 dug;are piled;which;variety;and;as;that;making;lower;the

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了延安窑洞的地理位置、建筑风格及给当地居民生活带来的益处。

(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:这是一种颇具特点在山里挖出的洞屋,用作西北黄土高原农民工的栖息之地。house与dig之间为被动关系,使用过去分词dug。故填dug。

(2)考查时态语态。句意:厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆,入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。通过分析句子结构可知,主句为“Stoneslabs (厚板)________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance”,主句中存在不定式to form,stonelabs与pile之间为被动关系,且stonelabs为复数,因此横线上需填入被动语态形式are piled。故填are piled。(3)考查定语从句。句意:厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆,入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。此句为定语从句,先行词为横线前的一句话,在从句中作主语,应填入关系代词which。故填which。

(4)考查名词。句意:入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。a variety of固定短语,“各种各样的”,故填variety。

(5)考查连词。句意:窑洞的类型分为土溶洞、砖溶洞和石溶洞。stone dwelling与earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling互为并列关系,应使用并列连词and。故填and。

(6)考查介词。句意:几个世纪以来,它们一直被视为陕西省北部农民的象征。be regarded as动词短语,“被视为”,故填as。

(7)考查表语从句。句意:窑洞之美在于它们有助于保持当地的地理情况。通过分析句子结构可知此句为表语从句,且从句中不缺少任何成分应使用关系代词that引导。故填that。

(8)考查非谓语动词。句意:通过利用原本闲置的空间来节约耕地。介词by后接名词,题中所给词性为动词make,因此需使用make的动名词形式making。故填making。

(9)考查形容词。句意:室内温度通常比冬天室外高13摄氏度,比夏天室外低10摄氏度。通过语境翻译可知,横线处意为“比…低”,使用low的比较级lower。故填lower。(10)考查冠词。句意:据统计,黄河中上游地区约有4000万人居住在窑洞中,窑洞面积约60万平方公里分布于黄河中上游地区。“in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.”作地点状语,表示特指中上游地带,应使用定冠词,故填the。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,时态语态,定语从句,名词,连词,介词,表语从句,形容词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

9.阅读下面文,在空处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China's Liangzhu Archaeological Site ________(declare) on the list of World Heritage sites on Saturday by UNESCO's World Heritage Committee during its 43rd session in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan.

The site, ________is located in Yuhang District in Hangzhou City in China's eastern Zhejiang Province, showcases the civilization of prehistoric rice agriculture between 3,300 B.C. ________ 2,300 B.C. The ruins of ancient Liangzhu city were discovered in 2007, and then large dam sites

________(surround) the Liangzhu ancient city were unearthed continuously after 2009. It was ________ (official) submitted lo UNESCO in 2019, hoping to win ________ (recognize) as a World Cultural Heritage Site. The site ________ (include) archaeological remains and unearthed cultural relics of the Liangzhu Ancient City as well as a wetland that covers ________ area of 908. 89 hectares in a plain river network. It is also found that the Liangzhu ancestors started to use characters about 5 ,000 years ago, 1 ,000 years ________ (early) than previously thought, according to Colin Renfrew, a retired professor of archaeology at the University of Cambridge.

The World Heritage Committee added Liangzhu to the UNESCO list ________(encourage) better protection of the site, considered to be of "outstanding universal value" to humanity.

【答案】was declared;which;and;surrounding;officially;recognition;includes;an;earlier;to encourage

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,介绍了联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会在阿塞拜疆首都巴库举行的第43届会议上,于周六宣布中国良渚遗址为世界遗产。同时说明了良渚遗址的一些情况。

(1)考查时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且根据时间状语on Saturday 可知为一般过去时,主语为Liangzhu Archaeological Site,谓语动词用单数形式。故填was declared。

(2)考查定语从句。本句为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词site,且先行词在从句中做主语,表示“遗址”故用关系代词which。因此填which。

(3)考查连词。between…and…固定短语,“在……之间”。故填and。

(4)考查非谓语动词。句意:2007年发现良渚古城遗址,2009年以后,围绕良渚古城的大型水坝遗址陆续出土。分析句子结构可知surround在句中做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语dam sites构成主动关系,故用现在分词。故填surrounding。

(5)考查副词。句意:它于2019年正式提交联合国教科文组织,希望获得世界文化遗产的认可。修饰句中动词submit应用副词,故填officially。

(6)考查名词。此处做win的宾语,且表示“认可”应用名词recognition。故填recognition。

(7)考查时态。本空为句子的谓语动词,且结合语境描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为site,故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填includes。

(8)考查冠词。area为可数名词,此处表示泛指应用不定冠词,且area为元音音素开头的单词。cover an area of“占地.....面积”,故填an。

(9)考查形容词。根据下文“than previously thought”可知应用形容词比较级,故填earlier。

(10)考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词added,分析句子结构可知encourage在句中做非谓语动词,且作目的状语故用不定式。故填to encourage。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,定语从句,连词,形容词,副词,名词,时态,冠词,形容词,非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇新闻报道,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

10.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As an attractive city in the Netherlands, Amsterdam is one of the most bicycle-friendly________(city)in the world, having over 800, 000 bikes in the capital. By comparison, the city has a population of only 750, 000, less than ________number of bikes. According to a survey________(make)5 years ago, 490, 000 people used bicycles every day.

Up to now, people in Amsterdam________(enjoy)the convenience of cycling for decades. The city has special facilities for cyclists, ________can be used for free. Compared with other transportation in the city, bikes are________(clean)and less expensive while also________(offer)health benefits.

________reason for bicycle riding is that bicycle traffic is________(relative)safe. Amsterdammers ride a wide variety________bicycles. Many tourists also discover Amsterdam by bike, which is a typical Dutch way.

【答案】cities;the;made;have enjoyed;which;cleaner;offering;Another;relatively;of

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了自行车之城阿姆斯特丹,那里的人们非常喜欢骑自行车。

(1)考查名词。句意:阿姆斯特丹是荷兰一个很有吸引力的城市,也是世界上最适合骑自行车的城市之一。one of后接可数名词复数,故填cities。

(2)考查冠词。句意:这个城市只有75万人口,比自行车的数量还少。the number of表示“……的数量”,故填the。

(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:根据5年前的一项调查,每天有49万人骑自行车。survey 与make之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,表示被动,用过去分词作后置定语,故填made。(4)考查时态。句意:到目前为止,阿姆斯特丹的人们已经享受了几十年骑车的便利。根据时间状语“Up to now”可知应该使用现在完成时,故填have enjoyed。

(5)考查定语从句。句意:这个城市有专门为骑自行车的人提供的设施,可以免费使用。此处为非限定性定语从句,关系词指代先行词special facilities并在从句中作主语,故填which。

(6)考查形容词。句意:与城市里的其他交通工具相比,自行车更清洁、更便宜,同时还对健康有益。根据“Compared with other transportation in the city”可知,此处具有比较意义,应该用形容词比较级形式,故填cleaner。

(7)考查非谓语动词。句意:与城市里的其他交通工具相比,自行车更清洁、更便宜,同时还对健康有益。bikes与offer之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用现在分词作伴随状语,故填offering。

(8)考查代词。句意:骑自行车的另一个原因是自行车交通相对安全。上文介绍了人们喜欢骑自行车是因为自行车更清洁、更便宜、对健康有益,此处介绍的是骑自行车的另一个原因,故填Another。

(9)考查副词。句意:骑自行车的另一个原因是自行车交通相对安全。修饰形容词safe 用副词,故填relatively。

(10)考查介词。句意:阿姆斯特丹人骑着各种各样的自行车。a wide variety of固定短

语,“多种多样的”,故填of。

【点评】本题考点涉及名词,冠词,非谓语动词,时态,定语从句,形容词,代词,副词以及介词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

高考英语语法填空汇编教学教材

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