全新版大学英语综合教程第三册单词

全新版大学英语综合教程第三册单词第一单元

get by 过得去

frustration 挫折；令人失望suburban 郊区的

suburb 郊区

contentment 满足

honey 蜂蜜

make it 成功

canoe 独木木舟

sunset 日落(n)

sunrise 日出(n)

hawk 鹰

cornfield 玉米田

haul (用马车，卡车)搬运firewood 木柴

sled 雪橇

retile 重新用瓦盖

longoverdue

overdue 早该有的；早该发生的improvement 改进

supplement 补充；增加

indoor 室内的

spray 喷；洒

orchard 果园

barn 谷仓

chick 小鸡

typewriter 打字机

freelance 自由撰稿人

pursue 努力去获得，追求household 家庭的；普通的；家庭oversee 看管

beehive 蜂窝

organ 风琴；器官

stack 一堆

wicked 邪恶的；坏的

overflow 溢出；泛滥

swamp 淹没；压倒

freezer 冰柜

cherry 樱桃

raspberry 悬钩子；树莓asparagus 芦笋

bean 豆；豆形果实

canned-goods 罐装品

cupboard 食橱；碗橱

plum 李子；梅子

jelly 果子冻

squash 南瓜属植物

pumpkin 南瓜

gallon 加仑

at that point 就在那时

decidedly 肯定地；无疑地

blessing 祝福

bless 为……祝福

on balance 总的来说

den 兽穴

illustrate 举例说明

hitch 用-具套住

dogsled 狗拉雪橇

monster 怪物；妖怪

digest 文摘；摘要

boundary 边界；分界线

widerness 荒野；荒地

generate 形成；产生

dental 牙的；和牙有关的

insurance 保险；保险费

policy 保险单；保险契约

pick up 付（帐）

minor 较少的；较小的

premium 保险费；奖金；奖品

aside from 除了

cut back 减少；削减

appreciably 能够感到地，可观的lower 降低；减少

dine out 外出吃饭

patronize 光顾；惠顾

ballet 芭蕾舞

extravagant 奢侈的；浪费的suspect 怀疑

solitude 孤独

budget 预算

requirement 要求，必要条件

scale 规模

on a small /large scale 小规模地resist 抵制

temptation 诱惑（n)

device 设备，装置

machinery 机器，机械

horsepower 马力

rotary 旋转的

cultivator 耕耘机

rotary cultivator 旋转式耕耘机

profit 利润(n&&v)

invest 投资

primarily 主要地；起初

第二单元

slender 苗条的；细长的

settlement 新拓居地；

confident 有信心的；确信的

give up 放弃

creator 造物主，上帝

devotion 深爱的，挚爱

cabin 小棚屋

ironically 具有讽刺意味的是

symbolize 象征，标志

racial 种族的

sellout 背叛者；背叛

unwilling 不愿意的；勉强的

stand up (for) 支持

historic 历史上有名或有重要意义的

site 地方，位置，遗址

slavery 受奴役的状态；奴隶制

mission 特殊使命，任务

courageous 勇敢的，无畏的

forge 建立，伪造

forge a signature 伪造签名

underground 秘密的；地下的

web 网状物；网状组织

liberate 解放

authorize 批准，委托

civil-rights 民权的

civil 公民的

exploit 功绩，业绩

unsung 未赞颂过的

intent 坚决的

be intent on(sth./doing sth) 热中于，坚决要做pistol 手枪

decade 十年

foundry 铸造车间，铸造厂

on the side 作为兼职；秘密地

capture 抓捕；捕获

chilly 冷的，寒飕飕的

fugitive 逃亡者

watchman 看守人；警卫员helplessly 无能为力地

pursuer 追赶者；追捕者

close in (on/around) 接近；包围hurriedly 仓促地

wagon 四轮运货马车

painful 疼痛的

religious 宗教的

conviction 坚定的看法或信仰Quaker 公谊会教徒

Bible 《圣经》

clothe 给……衣服

naked 裸体的，赤条条的

converge 会合；集中

terminal 终点，终端机magistrate 地方行政长官；执法官impose 把……强加于

jail 监狱

imprison (vt) 关押；监禁

stripe 鞭打；抽打

as for 至于

cake 覆盖

powder 粉；粉末

bonnet 女帽

veil 面纱

transport 运输

runaway 逃跑的（人）、

disguise 伪装，假扮

funeral 葬礼；丧失

procession 行列；队伍

abolish 废除

virgin 未开发的

harshly 严厉地，苛刻的

diligently 勤奋地

compel 强迫，强求

plantation 种植园

salvation 拯救；

pass for 被当作

第三单元

latch 门闩

on the latch 门关着但没有上锁close up 关闭

rural 农村

vulnerable 易受攻击的；无防御的

well-patroled 巡查严密的

urban 城市的

statistics 统计；统计资料

dramatically (vd)显著地；戏剧性地

allegedly (vd)据称

tranquil 宁静的

era 纪元

dead-bolt 防盗门

electronic 电子的

hook up to 连接到

patio 露台，平台

elegantly 优雅地，高雅地

build in 使成为建筑物的一部分

pry 撬开，撬动

premise (n)房屋，假设，前提

surveillance (n)监视

feature 给……以显著地位，突出；由……主演padlock 挂锁；扣锁

psychic 精神的；心灵的；心理的

transformation (n)改变，转变

put up 建造，设置

barrier (n)障碍

barricade (vt)在……设置路障

wander (vi)漫游，闲逛，徘徊

X-ray

terrorist 恐怖分子

terror (n)恐怖

hold/keep sb. at bay 不让……逼近

frisker 搜身器

without/with not so much as 甚至连……都没……sideways 斜着（的），斜向一边（的）

stand for 代表

be bathed in 沉浸于

analyze 分析

with/by a small/large margin 小/大幅度地

error 错误

insecure 不安全的

secure 安全的，可靠的

civilize 开化，使文明

reflection 有损声誉的事，思考；反映

puzzling 令人困惑的

housewife 家庭主妇

rape 强奸

whistle 哨子

self-protection 自我保护outsmart (vt)比……精明；智胜outsmart oneself 聪明反被聪明误evil (n)邪恶

legacy (n)遗产

look back on 回顾

第四单元

watery 潮湿的

extraterrestrial 外星人；pessimist 悲观主义者

pessimistic 悲观的

crisscross 交叉往返于

on account of 由于

sheriff 行政司法长官；县治安官deputy 副职；副手

work up 准备；整理

ranch 大农场

pension 退职金；养老金；disable 使残废

veteran 退伍军人；富有经验的complicated 复杂的；难解的；taxman 税务员

approachable 平易近人的；亲切的saucer 碟状物；飞碟；茶碟

knock off 下班

hit the sack 睡觉

curse 诅咒；咒骂

go over 核对；研究

column 列；栏；专栏；柱

rocket 火箭

bug 张大；使突出；虫子；故障complexion 面色；肤色

apiece 每人

observation 观察，观测

locality 地点；位置

isolate 使隔离；使孤立

adopt 采用；收养

mode 方式；模式；

appearance 外貌

go for 喜欢

blink 闪烁

regardless of 不顾

nationality 国籍；民族

at sb's service

arrangement 安排

organization 组织；机构；团体

supreme 最高的；极度的

come around 拜访

hell 见鬼；该死；地狱；苦境

leave alone 不打扰；听其自然

garbage 废话；垃圾；

heave 举起；升起

wit 智力；才智

make like 假装；装扮作

knock down 撞倒；拆毁

catch sight of 一眼看见；瞥见

shiny 有光泽的；闪耀的，

fade out 逐渐消失

Venusian 金星人

dope 笨蛋

第五单元

coastguardsman 海岸警卫员

under way 航行中；工作中

carton 硬纸盒，纸板箱

bomb 炸弹

pad 用软的材料衬垫

rack 炮弹架

ashore 在岸上

traditional 传统的

turkey 火鸡

put away 放好

sundown 日落时分

afterdeck 后甲板

draught 气流

get to sth./doing sth. 开始认真思考，做cob 玉米；穗轴

and the rest 等等

quest 寻求

in quest of 寻求

reverse 反转

verbal 口头的；动词

turn over 考虑；思考

brighten 变亮

repay 偿还

sincere 诚挚的

lastingly 长久地

gratitude 感激

statement 陈述

heartfelt 衷心的；

appreciation 感谢

agricultural 农业的；农艺的

mechanical 机械的；机械学的

hometown 故乡；

at sea 在海上航行

specific 明确的；

behalf 利益

on sb.'s behalf

on behalf of sb. 为了的利益；代表(某人）instance 实例

uppermost 最高的

impress 使重视

boyhood 少年时代

quiz 测验

diminish 变小；减少

expose 暴露

be exposed to 暴露于；与……接触immerse 使沉浸在

be immersed in 沉浸在

awareness 察觉

marvelous 不可思议的；美妙的

prayer 祈祷

assemble 集合；装配

considerate 体贴的

sprinkle 洒

stardust 梦幻

unload 将货物卸下

cargo 货物

reload 再装

recede 退去；变得模糊

rendezvous 会合

accord 使符合

topmost 最高的

loudspeaker 喇叭

rasp 发出；锉，刮

hundred-odd 一百多个

odd 稍多于；单数的

shipmate 同船水手；

deck 甲板

cluster 群；簇

seaman 海员，水手

bulge 鼓胀

fistful 一把

bark 吠叫

successive 连续的；

in turn 挨个地；

amid 在……当中

humble 使谦卑；

undergo 经过；

swift 迅疾的即时的reassurance 放心；确信appreciate 赏识；重视

bring back 回想起

in a flash 一瞬间

weep 流泪；

diaper 尿布；

being 生命；人

go about 表现；忙于；着手

in secret 秘密地；

quote 引用；引述

mightily 在很大程度上；非常paramout 最主要的；stationery 信纸信封；文具第六单元

brink 砖

studio 画室；照相室；工作室chicory 菊苣

salad 生菜；色拉

bishop 主教

sleeve 衣袖

bishop sleeve 灯笼袖

in tune 和谐的

joint 共同的；共有的pneumonia 肺炎

stalk 潜行；偷偷接近

here and there 各处

icy 极冷的

victim 牺牲者；受害的人scarcely 几乎没有；几乎不scarce 不充足的；难得的hallway 门厅；过道

bushy 密生的；丛生的eyebrow 眉毛

bosh 胡说；无意义的话carriage 载人的马车

subtract 减去；扣除

curative 能治病的

merry 愉快的

bedclothes 床上用品

backward 倒着

bare 裸露的

dreary 沉闷的；阴沉的

ivy 常春藤

vine 藤

in a whisper 低声地

nonsense 废话

turn loose 放手；放纵

miner 矿工

painter 画家

beard 胡须

look the part 看上去很像

gin 杜松子酒

to excess 过度

masterpiece 杰作；代表作fragile 易碎的；虚弱的

for the rest 至于其它

fierce 凶猛的；愤怒的

mock 嘲弄；取笑

softness 软弱；意志不坚定dimly 暗淡地，模糊不清的canvas 画布

easel 画架

fancy 幻想；胡思乱想

stream 流

hear of 听说

persistent 持续的；一再发生的mingle 混合

upturned 翻转的；倒着放的kettle 烧水用的壶

pull up 拉起

wearily 疲倦地；劳累地

lo 看，瞧

stand out 显著

wear away 流逝；磨损

twilight 暮色；黄昏

lone 孤独的

cling 抓紧

cling to 紧紧抓住

merciless 无慈悲心的

call to 呼唤

stove 火炉

sin 罪孽；罪过

hand-mirror 带手柄的小镜子pillow 枕头

sit up 坐起来

acute 急性的；严重的

be wet through 湿透的lantern 灯笼

palette 调色板

flutter 飘动，晃动

第七单元

salesman 推销员

linger 留恋徘徊，磨蹭weatherman 气象报告员surgeon 外科医生

scar 伤疤

feel like 想要

battlefield 战场

dignity 尊严

cripple 使跛的，受伤致残betray 背叛

gain on 逼近

tremble 颤抖

slacks 宽松裤

tan 棕褐色的

entryway 入口

entry n.进入；入口briefcase 公文包

kick up 踢起；扬起

tilt （使）倾斜

lean 屈身，倾斜

brochure 小册子

clip-op 用夹子夹牢

clip 夹子，别针

delivery 分娩；投递section 部分

cerebral 脑的

palsy 麻痹，瘫痪

cerebral palsy 大脑性麻痹disorder 失调；混乱transfer 调动，转移limitation 缺陷；局限apply for 申请

representative 代表

literature 宣传资料

pledge 保证，许诺

tetail 零售

transit 通行；过境

mall 购物中心

strain 损伤；使劳损

joint 关节

useless 无用的；无效的

limb 肢；树枝

waist 腰

off balance 不平衡

toddler 学步儿童

shoeshine n.擦皮鞋

lace 花边；鞋带

territory 活动范围；领土

on the phone 在打电话

spice 调料

register 注意到，登记，发生效力laundry 洗好的衣服

profitable 有利可图的

off one's feet 躺着；坐着

VCR 录像机

antenna 天线

solitary 单独的，孤独的

oven 烤箱

commission 佣金，回扣

surgery 外科手术

be laid up (with) 卧床休养checkbook 支票簿

recipient 接受人

signature 签名

scrawl 潦草地写

unreadable 枯燥的，无法读的lash 鞭打；猛烈打击

in time 及时，最终

go off 停止

第八章

clone n.克隆

lamb 羊羔

balding 开始秃顶的

bald 秃顶的

embryologist 胚胎学家

pregnancy n.怀孕（期）

give birth to 生孩子，产生champagne 香槟酒

veterinarian 兽医

for all the world 在各人方面；完全dot n.点 vt.散布于

creation 创造（物）

union 结合，联盟

sperm 精子

udder （牛羊等的）乳房

cell 细胞

fuse 融合，合并

gene 基因

take up 住进，栖居

residence n.居住

identical 一模一样的

genetically 遗传上

twin 双胞胎之一

beforehand ad.事先

oppose 反对

be opposed to 反对

theoretical 理论的

in principle 原则上

offensive 冒犯的，无礼的pragmatism 实用观点，实用主义compromise n.妥协

morally 道德上

plague 使痛苦

humanity 人类

potential 潜力

tolerate 容忍

ancient 古代的，古老的

vanity n.自负，虚荣

donor 捐赠人

catalog 目录

terrify 使恐惧

replica 复制品

lottery 抽签；碰巧的事

normally 正常地，通常unpredictable 不可预测的

mixture 混合物

brilliant 才华横溢的

inherit 继承

purity 纯净，纯洁

innocence n.清白，无害

comment 评论

genius 天才

atomic 原子能的

let loose 释放

curiosity 好奇心

physicist 物理学家 atom 原子

multi-layered 多层次的 reprogram 重新编程transplant 移植；移栽 marrow 骨髓

leukemia 白血病 lash out at 猛击；严厉斥责immune 免疫的 merge 使融合

technician 技术员 protein 蛋白质

primitive 原始的 embryo 胚胎

start out 起初意图 grow into 长成

batch 一组 inconceivable 不可思议的conceive v.构想，设想 kidney 肾

liver 肝脏 limitless 无限的hypothetical 假说的；

邹飞电二114

大学英语自学教程复习资料

大学英语自学教程复习资料 第一部分Text A & 第二部分Text B 第一部分Text A 【课文译文】 怎样成为一名成功的语言学习者 决策是从可供挑选的行动方案中作出选择，目的在于确定并实现组织机构的目标或目的。之所以要决策是因为存在问题，或是目标或目的不对，或某种东西妨碍目标或目的实现。 因此，决策过程对于管理人员非常重要。管理者所做的一切几乎都与决策有关，事实上，有人甚至认为管理过程就是决策过程。虽然决策者不能预测未来，但他们的许多决策要求他们必须考虑未来可能会发生的情况。管理者必须对未来的事情作出最佳的猜测，并使偶然性尽可能少地发生。但因为总是存在着未知情况，所以决策往往伴随着风险。有时失误的决策带来的后果不很严重，但有时就会不堪设想。 选择就是从多种选项中进行取舍，没有选择，就没有决策。决策本身就是一个选择的过程，许多决策有着很广的选择范围。例如，学生为了实现自己获得学位的目标，可能会从多门课程中进行选择，对于管理者来说，每一个决策都受到政策、程序、法律、惯例等方面的制约，这些制约存在于一个组织的各个部门里。 选项就是可供选择的种种可行的行动方案。没有选项，就没有选择，因而也就没有决策。如果看不到任何选项，这意味着还没有对问题进行彻底的研究。例如，管理者有时会用“非此即彼”的方式处理问题，这是他们简化问题的方法。这种简化问题的习惯常常使他们看不到其他的选项。 在管理这个层次上，制定决策包括：识别选项和缩小选项范围，其范围小到微乎其微，大到近乎无限。 决策者必须有某种方法来断定几种选项中的最佳选项，即哪个选项最有利于实现其组织的目标。组织的目标是指该组织努力完成或达到的目标或现状。由于个人(或组织)对于怎样实现其目标的方式都有不同的见解，最佳的选择就在于决策者了。常常是一个组织的下属部门做出的决策对自己有利，而对上一级的部门来说，就不是较佳选择了。这种增加部门的局部利益而减少其他部门的局部利益所作出的权衡，叫做局部优化。例如，市场营销经理为增加广告预算可能会讲得头头是道，但从更大的布局来看，增加优化产品的研究经费也许对组织更有利。

大学英语自学教程(上下)讲义

视频互动讲义四 课次: 英语二第4次视频互动教学 时间: 月日周三19:30-21:00 主题: 第七、八单元重点回顾，语法讲解，实战演练 主讲: 高伟老师 同学们，大家好！经过前三次的洗礼，你们对英语二教材中的重点知识点的回顾应该有一种感觉：在学习完精讲课件、背过教材中的单词和词组后，应该通过我的讲义对教材有一个更为深层的认识，似乎考点到处密布，要求我们掌握的东西越来越多。请大家冷静，不要烦躁----想通过英语二并非易事，但也绝非不可能。我们只要有信心，有毅力，我想任何考试都不是不可战胜的。 解惑： turn down：关小，拒绝 turn in：上缴，交出 turn into：变成 turn off/on：关掉/接通，打开 turn out：制造，生产，结果是 turn over：移交，翻过来 turn to：变成，借助于 turn up：出现，发生。 near与nearly：前者更多使用的是介词，表示“在附近，近”，后者更多为副词用法，表示“几乎，差不多”。另外，关注一下nearby。 devise与device：前者是动词，表示“想出，设计出”，后者名词，表示“办法，装置”。 drop与fall：两个都是动词，前者表示“失手落下”，后者表示“跌到，落下”。 decline表示“婉拒”，refuse表示“拒绝”，口气更为强烈。 一、第七单元重点内容的回顾

Text A 1.find----finding(s)：注意词性转换。 2.★be concerned with/about(As far as I’m concerned)：注意词组的固定用法。 3.★attach importance(oneself)to：注意词组的固定用法。 4.generally speaking：注意固定用法。 5.★in terms of：注意与by means of区别。 6.★carry out：注意词组搭配，同时注意与carry有关的所有词组。 7.★desire----★desirable----desired：注意词性转换并注意虚拟语气的使用。 8. ★take to：注意词组搭配，有关与take搭配的词组。 9.enjoy----enjoyment：注意词性转换。 10.★in a (great)variety of：注意词组固定搭配。 11.★It is...belief that：注意belief(fact, suggestion, doubt…)后面从句的连接词that。 12.put to good use：注意词组搭配。 13. impart… to：注意词组搭配。 14. it can be argued that…：注意句型，翻译常考。 15.relevant to：注意词组搭配。 16.leader----leadership：注意词性的转换。 17. set… as objective：注意词组搭配。 18.the attainment of a balanced development of the person：注意中文翻译的准确性。 Text B 1.★get through：注意有关get词组应记牢。 2.look ahead to：注意词组搭配。 3.★run out(of)：注意词组含义及搭配。 4.allocate for(to)：注意词组含义。 5.★adjust(to)----adjustment(to)：注意词性的转换。

大学英语综合教程1词汇表

大学英语综合教程1词汇表 ○1○1○1○1○1○1 New Words and Expressions off and on from time to time; sometimes 断断续续地；有时possibility n. 可能（性） take hold become established 生根，确立 bore vt. make (sb.) become tired and lose interest 使（人）厌烦associate vt. join or connect together; bring in the mind 使联系起来；使联想 assignment n. a piece of work that is given to a particular person（分配的）工作，任务，作业 turn out produce 编写；生产，制造 agony▲ n. very great pain or suffering of mind or body （身心的）极度痛苦 assign vt. give as a share or duty 分配，分派 anticipate vt. expect 预期，期望 tedious a. boring and lasting for a long time 乏味的；冗长的reputation n. 名声；名誉 inability n. lack of power, skill or ability 无能，无力 inspire vt. fill (sb.) with confidence, eagerness, etc. 激励，鼓舞formal a. (too) serious and careful in manner and behavior; based on correct or accepted rules 刻板的，拘谨的；正式的，正规的 rigid a. (often disapproving) fixed in behavior, views or methods; strict 一成不变的；严格的 hopelessly ad. very much; without hope 十分，极度；绝望地excessively ad. 过分地 out of date old-fashioned 过时的 prim a. (usu. disapproving) (of a person) too formal or correct in behavior and showing a dislike of anything rude; neat 古板的，拘谨的；循规蹈矩的；整洁的 primly ad. severe a. completely plain; causing very great pain, difficulty, worry, etc. 朴素的；严重的，剧烈的 necktie n. tie 领带 jaw n. 颌，颚 comic▲ a. 滑稽的；喜剧的 n. 连环漫画（册） antique n. 古物，古玩 tackle vt. try to deal with 处理，应付 essay n. 散文，小品文；论说文 distribute vt. divide and give out among people, places, etc. 分发，分配，分送 finally ad. at last 最终，终于 face up to be brave enough to accept or deal with 勇敢地接受或对付scan v. look through quickly 浏览，粗略地看 spaghetti n. 意大利式细面条 title n. a name given to a book, film, etc. 标题，题目 vt. give a name to 给…加标题，加题目于 extraordinary a. very unusual or strange 不同寻常的；奇特的 sequence n. 一连串相关的事物；次序，顺序 image n. a picture formed in the mind 形象；印象；（图）像 adult n. a fully grown person or animal 成年人；成年动物 humor n. 心情；幽默，诙谐 recall vt. bring back to the mind; remember 回想起，回忆起 argument n. 论据，论点；争论 1

大学英语自学教程(上)

大学英语自学教程(上) 01-A. How to be a successful language learner? “Learning a language is easy, even a child can do it!” Most adults who are learning a second language would disagree with this statement. For them, learning a language is a very difficult task. They need hundreds of hours of study and practice, and even this will not guarantee success for every adult language learner. Language learning is different from other kinds of learning. Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find it difficult to succeed in language learning. Conversely, some people who are successful language learners find it difficult to succeed in other fields. Language teachers often offer advice to language learners: “Read as much as you can in the new language.”“Practice speaking the language every day. ”“Live with people who speak the language.”“Don’t translate-try to think in the new language.”“Learn as a child would learn; play with the language.” But what does a successful language learner do? Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways. First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes. Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say

全新版大学英语综合教程2课文原文及翻译

One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later. However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the "standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon). But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?

大学英语自学教程(上册) unit 23 非言语交际

大学英语自学教程(上册) unit 23 非言语交际 23-A. Non-verbal Communication If anyone asked you what were the main means of communication between people, what would you say? That isn’t a catch question. The answer is simple and obvious. It would almost certainly refer to means of communication that involve the use of words. Speakers and listeners-oral communication, and writers and readers-written communication. And you’d be quite right. There is, however, another form of communication which we all use most of the time, usually without knowing it. This is sometimes called body language. Its more technical name is non-verbal communication. Non-verbal, because it does not involve the use of words. NVC for short. When someone is saying something with which he agrees, the average European will smile and nod approval. On the other hand, if you disagree with what they are saying, you may frown and shake your head. In this way you signal your reactions, and communicate them to the speaker without saying a word. I referred a moment ago to "the average European”, because body language is very much tied to culture, and in order not to misunderstand, or not to be misunderstood, you must realize this. A smiling Chinese, for instance, may not be approving but somewhat embarrassed. Quite a lot of work is now being done on the subject of NVC, which is obviously important, for instance, to managers, who have to deal every day with their staff, and have to understand what other people are feeling if they are to create good working conditions. Body language, or NVC signals, are sometimes categorized into five kinds: 1.body and facial gestures; 2.eye contact; 3.body contact or "proximity"; 4.clothing and physical appearance; and 5.the quality of speech. I expect you understood all those, except perhaps "proximity." This simply means "closeness". In some cultures-and I am sure this is a cultural feature and not an individual one-it is quite normal for people to stand close together, or to more or less thrust their face into yours when they are talking to you. In other cultures, this is disliked; Americans, for instance, talk about invasion of their space. Some signals are probably common to all of us. If a public speaker (like a professor, for example) is all the time fiddling with a pencil, or with his glasses, while he is talking to you, he is telling you quite clearly that he is nervous. A person who holds a hand over his mouth when he is talking is signaling that he is lacking in confidence. If you start wriggling in your chairs, looking secretly at your watches or yawning behind your hands, I shall soon get the message that I’m boring you. And so on. I'm sure you could make a whole list of such signals-and it might be fun if you did. All the signals I have mentioned so far can be controlled. If you are aware that you are doing these things, you can stop. You can even learn to give false signals. Most public speakers are in fact nervous, but a good speaker learns to hide this by giving off signals of confidence. Other kinds of NVC are not so easy to control. Eye contact, for instance. Unless you are confessing intense love, you hardly ever look into someone else’s eyes for very long. If you try it, you’ll find they will soon away, probably in embarrassment.

新标准大学英语综合教程2_单词

Unit 1 霾，烟雾haze 大麻marijuana （被视为某个经济实体的）国家economy (大学的)校园campus （美国）州长governor 持不同政见的；持不同政见者dissident 主张变革的人liberal 冲突；激烈的争吵clash (国家的)统治集团，当权派；建立，确立establishment 强烈的情感passion 感情强烈的；激昂的passionate （强烈的）抗议；异议protest 结盟；联盟alliance 发动；发起（军事袭击、公众调查等）launch 激进主义，行动主义resignation 成为…的特征characterize 首要的，最重要的prime 职业，工作employment 胜算，成功可能性；（尤指好事发生）可能性prospect （值得关注的）问题；议题issue 机会opportunity 费解的；无名的，默默无闻的obscure 无上幸福的bliss 性别gender 殖民主义colonialism 词义；定义definition 工业的，产业的industrial 颠覆；使下台overthrow （统治或法律）残酷的，严苛的repressive 造反；反抗rebel 反复得喊，反复的唱chant 毁灭，摧毁destruction 请愿书petition 手镯，臂镯bracelet 哲学philosophy 自信的表现或做某事；断言，宣称assert 怀旧的，念旧的nostalgic (情感的)共鸣，反响resonance 时代，纪元era 巨大的，重大的profound 权利，控制，支配；抓牢，紧握grip

[自学考试] 《大学英语自学教程》(上册)课后习题答案

《大学英语自学教程》（上册）课后习题答案 Unit 1 Text A Exercises for the Text I. 1.d 2.a 3.c 4.d 5.d II. 1.task 2.intelligent 3.research 4.clue 5.conclusion 6.repeat https://www.wendangku.net/doc/922283882.html,municate 8.purpose 9.probably 10.outline III. 1.Instead of 2.therefore 3.more...than 4.even 5.First of all 6.because 7.on the other hand 8.finally 9.looking for 10.Conversely IV. 1.Research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/922283882.html,nguage learning is active learning.Therefore,successful learners should look for e very chance to use the language. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/922283882.html,nguage learning should be active,independent and purposeful. 4.Learning a language is different from learning maths. 5.The teacher often imparts successfull language learning experiences to us. Vocabulary Exercises I. 1.a.success b.successful c.successfully 2.a.indepence b.depend c.dependent 3.a.covered b.uncover c.discovered 4.a.purposeful b .purposefully c.purpose II. 1.inexact 2.technique 3.outlined https://www.wendangku.net/doc/922283882.html,municate 5.regularly

全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2课文

BOOK2课文译文 UNIT1 TextA 中国式的学习风格 1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店堂。 我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑料板上。酒店鼓励客人外出时留下钥匙，可以交给服务员，也可以从一个槽口塞入钥匙箱。由于口子狭小，你得留神将钥匙放准位置才塞得进去。 本杰明爱拿着钥匙走来走去，边走边用力摇晃着。他还喜欢试着把钥匙往槽口里塞。由于他还年幼，不太明白得把钥匙放准位置才成，因此总塞不进去。本杰明一点也不在意。他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。 我和埃伦都满不在乎，任由本杰明拿着钥匙在钥匙箱槽口鼓捣。他的探索行为似乎并无任何害处。但我很快就观察到一个有趣的现象。饭店里任何一个中国工作人员若在近旁，都会走过来看着本杰明，见他初试失败，便都会试图帮忙。他们会轻轻握牢本杰明的手，直接将它引向钥匙槽口，进行必要的重新定位，并帮他把钥匙插入槽口。然后那位“老师”会有所期待地对着我和埃伦微笑，似乎等着我们说声谢谢——偶尔他会微微皱眉，似乎觉得我俩没有尽到当父母的责任。 我很快意识到，这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关：考察儿童早期教育（尤其是艺术教育）的方式，揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度。因此，不久我就在与中国教育工作者讨论时谈起了钥匙槽口一事。 两种不同的学习方式

我的中国同行，除了少数几个人外，对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。既然大人知道怎么把钥匙塞进槽口——这是走近槽口的最终目的，既然孩子还很年幼，还没有灵巧到可以独自完成要做的动作，让他自己瞎折腾会有什么好处呢？他很有可能会灰心丧气发脾气——这当然不是所希望的结果。为什么不教他怎么做呢？他会高兴，他还能早些学会做这件事，进而去学做更复杂的事，如开门，或索要钥匙——这两件事到时候同样可以（也应该）示范给他看。 我俩颇为同情地听着这一番道理，解释道，首先，我们并不在意本杰明能不能把钥匙塞进钥匙的槽口。他玩得开心，而且在探索，这两点才是我们真正看重的。但关键在于，在这个过程中，我们试图让本杰明懂得，一个人是能够很好地自行解决问题的。这种自力更生的精神是美国中产阶级最重要的一条育儿观。如果我们向孩子演示该如何做某件事——把钥匙塞进钥匙槽口也好，画只鸡或是弥补某种错误行为也好——那他就不太可能自行想方设法去完成这件事。从更广泛的意义上说，他就不太可能——如美国人那样——将人生视为一系列 的情境，在这些情境中，一个人必须学会独立思考，学会独立解决问题，进而学会发现需要创造性地加以解决的新问题。 把着手教 回想起来，当时我就清楚地意识到，这件事正是体现了问题的关键之所在——而且不仅仅是一种意义上的关键之所在。这件事表明了我们两国在教育和艺术实践上的重要差异。 那些善意的中国旁观者前来帮助本杰明时，他们不是简单地像我可能会做的那样笨拙地或是犹犹豫豫地把他的手往下推。相反，他们极其熟练地、轻轻地把他引向所要到达的确切方向。 我逐渐认识到，这些中国人不是简单地以一种陈旧的方式塑造、引导本杰明的行为：他们是在恪守中国传统，把着手教，教得本杰明自己会愉快地要求再来一次。

大学英语自学教程电子版教材上册

大学英语自学教程电子版教材上册大学英语自学教程(上) 01-A. How to be a successful language learner? ―Learning a language is easy, even a child can do it!‖ Most adults who are learning a second language would disagree with this statement. For them, learning a language is a very difficult task. They need hundreds of hours of study and practice, and even this will not guarantee success for every adult language learner. Language learning is different from other kinds of learning. Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find it difficult to succeed in language learning. Conversely, some people who are successful language learners find it difficult to succeed in other fields. Language teachers often offer advice to language learners: “Read as much as you can in the new language.”“ Practice speaking the language every day. ”“Live with people who speak the language.”“Don‘t translate-try to think in the new language.”“ Learn as a child would learn; play with the language.” But what does a successful language learner do? Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways.

全新版大学英语综合教程4重点单词表

全新版大学英语综合教程4重点单词表 Unit 1 text A Alliance Campaign Conquest Crucial Decisive Declaration Desperate Efficient Engage Equip Heroic Instruct Invasion Launch Limp Minus Occupation Offensive Raw Reckon Region Render Resistance Siege Stroke(n.) Toll Underestimate Weaken At the cost of Be faced with Be/get bogged down Bide one’s time Bring to a halt Catch sb off guard Drag on Engage/be engaged in (doing) sth.In the case of Press on/ahead Reckon with Stand/get/be in the way Take a gamble Take its/a toll Thanks to Turn the tide (against) Text B Aboard Ambitious Boast Cancel Concern Contest Objective Obstacle Responsible Secure Stiff Withstand Call off Due to Hold out In case On the eve of Pay off Pin down Prior to Unit 2 text A Alert Apart Application Approximately Automate Bunch(v.) Calculate Computerize Correlate Decrease Detect Eliminate Expansion Frequency Harzard Incorporate Lane Lucrative Magnetic Monotonous Mount Orbit Prototype Remote Satellite Signal Steer Vapor Vibrate Be poised to (do) Get/be stuck in In the air Send out Start up Take control of Turn (sth.) into a reality Text B Accommodate Address(v.) Affordable

全新版大学英语综合教程unit课文翻译

Globalization is sweeping aside national borders and changing relations between nations. What impact does this have on national identities and loyalties? Are they strengthened or weakened? The author investigates. 全球化正在扫除国界、改变国与国之间的关系。这对国家的认同和对国家的忠诚会带来什么影响呢？它们会得到加强还是削弱？作者对这些问题进行了探讨。 In Search of Davos ManPeter Gumbel 1. William Browder was born in Princeton, New Jersey, grew up in Chicago, and studied at Stanford University in California. But don't call him an American. For the past 16 of his 40 years he has lived outside the ., first in London and then, from 1996, in Moscow, where he runs his own investment firm. Browder now manages $ billion in assets. In 1998 he gave up his American passport to become a British citizen, since his life is now centered in Europe. "National identity makes no difference for me," he says. "I feel completely international. If you have four good friends and you like what you are doing, it doesn't matter where you are. That's globalization." 寻找达沃斯人 彼得·甘贝尔 威廉·布劳德出生于新泽西州的普林斯顿，在芝加哥长大，就读于加利福尼亚州的斯坦福大学。但别叫他美国人。他今年40岁，过去16年来一直生活在美国以外的地方，先是在伦敦，1996年后在莫斯科经营他自己的投资公司。布劳德如今掌管着价值16亿美元的资产。1998年，他放弃美国护照，成为英国公民，因为他现在的生活中心在欧洲。“国家认同对我来说不重要，”他说，“我觉得自己完全是个国际人。如果你有四个朋友，又喜欢你所做的事情，那么你在哪儿无关紧要。这就是全球化。” 2. Alex Mandl is also a fervent believer in globalization, but he views himself very differently. A former president of AT&T, Mandl, 61, was born in Austria and now runs a French technology company, which is doing more and more business in China. He reckons he spends about 90% of his time traveling on business. But despite all that globetrotting, Mandl who has been a . citizen for 45 years still identifies himself as an American. "I see myself as American without any hesitation. The fact that I spend a lot of time in other places doesn't change that," he says. 亚历克斯·曼德尔也是全球化的狂热信徒，但他对自己的看法与布劳德不同。61岁的曼德尔曾任美国电报电话公司总裁。他出生于奥地利，现在经营着一家法国技术公司，该公司在中国的业务与日俱增。他估计自己几乎90%的时间都花在出差上。然而，尽管曼德尔全球到处跑，已经做了45年美国公民的他还是认为自己是个美国人。“我毫不迟疑地把自己当作美国人。我在其他地方度过很多时间，但是这一事实不能改变我是美国人，”他说。 3. Although Browder and Mandl define their nationality differently, both see their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth. And not incidentally, both are Davos Men, members of the international business élite who trek each year to the Swiss Alpine town for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum, founded in 1971. This week, Browder and Mandl will join more than 2,200 executives, politicians, academics, journalists, writers and a handful of Hollywood stars for five days of networking, parties and endless earnest discussions about everything from post-election Iraq and HIV in Africa to the global supply of oil and the implications of nanotechnology. Yet this year, perhaps more than ever, a hot topic at Davos is Davos itself. Whatever their considerable differences, most Davos Men and