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初三系列复习资料(5)代词考点集汇,讲解和训练

初三系列复习资料（5）代词考点集汇，讲解和训练

五、代词

【考点直击】

1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法；

2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法；

3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法；

4 常见不定代词的一般用法；

5. 指示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法；

6. 相互代词的基本用法；

7. 疑问代词的基本用法。

8. 关系代词的基本用法。

【名师点睛】

代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。

一. 人称代词

1.人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。

2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如：

I like table tennis. （作主语）

Do you know him?（作宾语）

3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如：

---Whos is knocking at the door?

---It’s me.

4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如：

He is older than me.

He is older than I am.

二. 物主代词

1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性

物主代词，如下表所示。

2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如：

Our teacher is coming to see us.

This is her pencil-box.

3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。

Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语）

--- Is this English-book yours? （作表语）

--- No. Mine is in my bag.

I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语）

三. 指示代词

指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。

1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those

则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如：

This is a pen and that is a pencil．

We are busy these days．

In those days the workers had a hard time．

2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲

到的事物，例如：

I had a cold. That's why I didn't come.

What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English．

3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如：

Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai．

4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如：

Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?

四. 反身代词

英语中用来表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我们自己"，"你们自己" 等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。

反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。

1. 作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人

或一些人。

He called himself a writer．

Would you please express yourself in English?

2. 作表语。

It doesn't matter．I'll be myself soon．

The girl in the news is myself．

3. 作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。

I myself washed the clothes．（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主语同位语）

You should ask the teacher himself．（作宾语同位语）

五. 不定代词

不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。现将几个常用的不定代词举例说明如下：

1. some与any的区别

1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。

Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library.

. Some rice in the bag has been sold out.

2）any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。

If you have any questions, please ask me.

There isn't any orange in the bottle.

Have you got any tea?

3）any和some也可以作代词用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑问句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。

How many people can you see in the picture?

I can't see any.

If you have no money, I'll lend you some.

注意：与some, any结合的词如something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。

2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别

1）用作形容词：

含义

表示肯定表示否定

用法

用于可数名词 a few虽少，但有几个few不多，几乎没有

用于不可数名词 a little，虽少，但有一点little不多，没有什么

I'm going to buy a few apples.

He can speak only a little Chinese.

There is only a little milk in the glass.

He has few friends.

They had little money with them.

2）a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。

I'm a little hungry. (修饰形容词hungry)

Let him sleep a little. (修饰动词sleep)

Mary, go a little faster, please. (修饰副词比较级)

She slept very little last night.

3. other, the other, another, others, the others的区别。

用法代名词形容词

单数复数单数复数

不定another

另一个others

别人，其他人

another (boy)

另一个（男孩）

other (boys)

其他男孩

特定the other

另一个the others

其余那些人、物

the other (boy)

另一个男孩

the other (boys)

其余那些男孩

1）other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别的”。

Where are his other books?

I haven't any other books except this one.

2）other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ..., the other ...”句型。

He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old.

She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other.

3）other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ...., others ...”句型。

Some went to the cinema, others went swimming.

This coat is too large. Show me some others, please.

4）“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。

We got home by 4 o'clock, but the others didn't get back until 8 o'clock.

In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.

5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one.

You can see another ship in the sea, can't you?

Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one?

6）another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”。

I'm still hungry after I've had this cake. Please give me another.

4. every与each的区别。

each every

1)可单独使用1)不可单独使用

2)可做代名词、形容词2)仅作形容词

3)着重“个别”3)着重“全体”，毫无

例外

4)用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人或物4)用于三者或三者以上每一个人或物

The teacher gave a toy to each child.

Each ball has a different colour.

当我们说each child, each student或each teacher时，我们想到的是一个人的情况。而当我们说every child和every student时，我们想到的是全体的情况，every的意思与all接近，表示他们都如此。

Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher. Every child likes playing. = All children like playing.

5. all和both的用法。

1）all指三者以上，或不可数的东西。谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用作复数。在句中作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语。

All of us like Mr Pope. 我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语）

= We all like Mr Pope. (作同位语)

All the water has been used up. (作主语)

That's all for today. (作表语)

Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作宾语)

All the leaders are here. (作定语)

2）both作代词。

①与其他名词或代词并列出现，表示“两个都”。

Lucy and Lily both agree with us.

They both passed on their sticks at the same time.

How are your parents? They're both fine.

②与“of +代词（或名词）”连用，表示“两者都”。

Both of them came to see Mary.

Both of the books are very interesting.

③单独使用，表示“两者（都）”。

Michael has two sons. Both are clever.

I don't know which book is the better, I shall read both.

3）both用作形容词，放在名词之前，修饰该名词，表示“两者都”。

Both his younger sisters are our classmates.

. There are tall trees on both sides of the street.

六. 相互代词

表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词。相互代词有each other 和one another 两种形式。在当代英语中，each other和one another没有什么区别。相互代词可在句中作宾语，定语。作定语用时，相互代词用所有格形式。

We should learn from each other / one another. （作宾语）

Do you often write to each other / one another? （作宾语）

We often borrow each other's / one another's books. （作定语）

The students corrected each other's / one another's mistakes in their homework. （作定语）

七. 疑问代词

疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。例如：

Who is going to come here tomorrow? （作主语）

What is that? (作表语)

Whose umbrella is this? (作定语)

Whom are you waiting for? (作宾语)

八.关系代词

关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语. 在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。例如：

I hate people who talk much but do little.

I’m looking at the photograph which you sent me with your letter.

With the money that he had saved, he went on with his studies.

Do you know the lady who is interviewing our headmaster?

【实例解析】

1. (2004年北京市中考试题)

Mary, please show ________ your picture.

A. my

B. mine

C. I

D. me

答案：D。该提考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。在本题中，动词show 的后面要跟双宾语，空白处缺少一个间接宾语，所以应选me。

2. (2004年北京市中考试题)

---What’s on TV tonight? Is there _________ interesting?

---I’m afraid not.

A. something

B. anything

C. nothing

D. everything

答案：B。该提考查的是不定代词的用法。这是一个疑问句。在疑问句中，通常用anything。

3. (2004年上海徐汇区中考试题)

________ of them has his own opinion.

A. Both

B. Some

C. Every

D. Each

答案：D。该题考查的是不定代词用法。因为谓语动词是单数形式，所以Both 和Some都不对。Every 不能作主语，所以只有Each合适。

4. (2004年安徽省中考试题)

---Where is my pen?

---Oh, sorry. I have taken _______ by mistake.

A. yours

B. his

C. mine

D. hers

答案：A。该题考查的是物主代词的用法。根据题干的背景，我们可以判断出错拿的钢笔应该是对方的，所以选yours。

【中考演练】

一. 单项填空

1. Tom, Please pass ________ the glasses. I want to read the newspapers.

A. you

B. me

C. him

D. her

2. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are ______ new words in it.

A. a little

B. little

C. a few

D. few

3. ---You want ________ sandwich?

---Yes, I usually eat a lot when I’m hungry.

A. other

B. another

C. others

D. the other

4. The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS. They think more of others than _______.

A. they

B. them

C. themselves

D. theirs

5. ---Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk?

---______________, thanks. I’d like a cup of tea.

A. Either

B. Neither

C. Both

D. None

6. ---Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.

---Never mind. You can have ________.

A. us

B. ours

C. you

D. yours

7. ---Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning?

---_______ is OK. I’m free today and tomorrow.

A. Either

B. Neither

C. Both

D. None

8. ---How are you going to improve _______ this term?

---Work harder than last term.

A. ourselves

B. myself

C. himself

D. yourself

9. ---Could you tell me _______ she is looking for?

---Her cousin, Susan.

A. that

B. whose

C. who

D. which

10. ---Is _______ here?

---No. Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leave.

A. everybody

B. somebody

C. anybody

D. nobody

11. Paul has _______ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.

A. many

B. some

C. few

D. more

12. If you want to book a round-trip ticket, you’ll have to pay ______ $ 30.

A. more

B. other

C. the other

D. another

13. ---Do you live by yourself, Mr Wang?

---Yes. I have two sons. But ______ of them lives with me. They are now studying in America?

A. neither

B. both

C. none

D. either

14. ---Have you sent your parents an E-mail telling them you arrived safe?

---No. _______ of them can use a computer.

A. None

B. Both

C. Neither

D. All

15. Who taught _______ English last term? Was _____ Mr. Smith?

A. you; it

B. you; he

C. your; it

D. your; that

16. ---That woman has a bag in her right hand. What’s in her _____ hand?

A. another

B. other

C. one

D. the other

17. We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of _______.

A. us

B. our

C. ours

D. ourselves

18. ---Is there a bus to the zoo?

---I’m afraid there’s _______ bus to the zoo.

A. no

B. any

C. some

D. none

19. You forgot your dictionary? You may have _______.

A. me

B. my

C. mine

D. myself

20. This is ______ classroom. Where is _______?

A. our; them

B. us; they

C. our; theirs

D. ours; theirs

二. 用所给代词的适当形式填空

1. This is not my pencil-box. _______ ( I ) is in the bag.

2. Trees are planted in ______ ( we ) country every year, which makes our country more and more beautiful.

3. ---Is that bike Miss Gao’s?

---Yes, it is ______(she) . Beautiful, isn’t it?

4. Help ______ (you) to some fruit, Jack.

5. ---Who taught your brother to surf?

---Nobody. He learnt all by _______ (he).

6. Their English teacher is from America, but ______ (we) is from England.

7. Mary’s answer is different from ________ ( I ).

8. ---My watch keeps good time. What about _______(you)?

---Mine? Oh, two minutes slow.

9. Sam is my brother. Do you like to play with ______ (he)?

10. Did you enjoy _______ (you), Mary and Kate?

三. 用适当的代词填空

1. The old man has two sons. One is a worker, _______ is a teacher.

2. Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running; some like swimming; _______ like ball games.

3. Let’s go and have a drink. We’ve got _______ time before the train leaves.

4. We were all very tired, but _______ of us would like to have a rest.

5. ______ of the twins are in our class.

6. Boys, don’t touch the machines, or you may hurt _______.

7. It is said there is going to be ________ important in the CCTV news.

8. We couldn’t buy anything because _______ of the shops opened at that time.

9. They didn’t learn _______ new in this lesson.

10. ---Why is ______ easy for such a young girl to learn three foreign languages so

well?

---Because Britain, Germany and France are all very near ______ country.

四. 用适当的疑问代词和关系代词填空

1. ______ is the population of the world today?

2. _______ jumped the longest of all in the long jump?

3. --- _______ colour is your mother’s dress?

---It’s black.

4. ---______ is your car?

---The red one in front of the tree.

5. ---______ of the following can you often find on a medicine bottle?

---I know, sir. It’s instruction.

6. The necklace ______ she is wearing is beautiful.

7. Do you know the person _______ lost his bike?

8. Most people _______ live in less developed countries are quite poor.

9. The boy ______ is helping the old man is John’s brother.

10. People ______ use credit cards to buy things online should be very careful

【练习答案】

一. 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.C

18.A 19.C 20.C

二.1.Mine 2.our 3.hers 4.yourself 5.himself 6.ours 7.mine 8.yours 9.him

10.yourselves

三. 1..the other 2.others 3.a little 4. none 5.Both 6.yourselves 7.something 8.none

9.anything 10.it; her

四. 1. What 2. Who 3. What 4. Which 5. Which 6. that/ which 7. that/ who 8. who/that

9. who/ that 10. who/ that

中考英语代词专题训练答案

中考英语代词专题训练答案一、初中英语代词 1．In a comic strip, there must be___________ in each picture. A. something new B. anything new C. new something D. new anything 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：在一本连环漫画里，每一张图片必须有一些新鲜的东西。something，一些东西，用于肯定句，anything，任何东西，用于疑问句或否定句，该句是肯定句，排除BD；不定代词修饰形容词，放在形容词后面，故选A。【点评】考查不定代词的用法，注意不定代词修饰形容词，放在形容词后面。 2．Shanghai is a little larger than city in Japan. A. another B. other C. any D. any other 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：上海比日本的任何城市都稍大一些。another用于泛指三个以上的不定数目中的“另一个”，后面可接单数名词，也可省略后面的名词，用作代词；other别的 /其他的，修饰单、复数名词；根据句意，AB两项不合语境，可排除。any任何的，用在肯定句中修饰单数名词或不可数名词；any other任何其他的。than any…表示“比所有……都……”，不排除被比较者（或主语）本身；than any other…表示“比所有其他的都……”，排除了被比较者（或主语）本身。根据实际情况，上海并不是日本的城市，可以和日本的任何一个城市相比，需用any，故选C。【点评】考查不定代词辨析。弄清每个代词的使用规则，根据上下文的联系确定所使用的代词。 3．Some questions in the exam are _______ difficult that ______ students can work them out. A. such; few B. such; little C. so; little D. so; few 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：考试中的一些问题是如此难，以至于几乎没有学生能做出来。so…that…如此……以至于……，so修饰形容词或副词；such…that…如此……以至于……，such修饰名词；第一空根据空后为形容词可知，此处应该用so修饰；few很少，几乎没有，表示否定意思，修饰可数名词；little很少，几乎没有，表示否定意思，修饰不可数名词。第二空根据空后为可数名词复数可知，应该用few修饰，故选D。【点评】考查短语辨析和代词辨析。注意区分so…that…和such…that…，区分few和little 的不同用法。 4．The cars made in Germany are more expensive than ______ made in Japan. A. those B. that C. ones D. this 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：德国制造的汽车比日本制造的汽车贵。cars是名词复数，在比较级中，that指代单数或不可数名词，ones指代同类，表示泛指，没有后置定语，those指

初三英语代词专项训练知识讲解

初三英语代词专项训练

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人教版中考英语专项训练代词专项复习一、初中英语代词 1．— There's ______________ in the city. Why not have a picnic in the countryside? — Great. Daweishan Mountains might be a good choice. A. interesting something B. nothing interesting C. anything interesting 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——这个城市里没有有趣的东西，为什么不去乡下野餐呢？——太好了，大围山可能是个不错的选择。形容词修饰不定代词，要做后置定语，故排除A，根据Why not have a picnic in the countryside，可知是没有有趣的东西才去乡下野餐，nothing，没有，故选B。【点评】考查不定代词，注意形容词做不定代词的后置定语的用法。 2．Sometimes reading books can make others' experience become ________． A. we B. our C. ours D. our's 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：有时读书可以使别人的经验变成我们的。A.我们，人称代词主格；B.我们的，形容词性物主代词；C.我们的，名词性物主代词；D.形式错误。根据语境和空后没有名词可知，此处应该用名词性物主代词ours指代our experience，故选C。【点评】考查代词辨析。注意名词性物主代词的用法，分析语境，选出正确的词形。 3．Help ________ to some juice, children. A. you B. yourselves C. me D. myself 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：孩子们，请随便喝点果汁。A.你，人称代词主格或宾格；B.你自己，你们自己，反身代词；C.我，人称代词宾格；D.我自己，反身代词； help oneself to sth. 随便吃/喝……，固定短语，所以此处需要反身代词，排除A和C；根据句意和句中children可知，此处是指让孩子们随便喝点果汁，应该用你们自己，故选B。【点评】考查固定短语和代词辨析。注意固定短语help oneself to sth.的用法。 4．Do you think __________ useful to learn a foreign language? A. that B. it C. this D. they 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：你认为学一门外语有用吗？A. that那；B. it它；C. this这；D. they 他们。分析句子结构，固定句式：主语+谓语+it+形容词+动词不定式结构。it 作形式宾语，代替后面的真正宾语，即不定式。this, that不可作形式宾语。故选B。【点评】考查代词辨析。掌握固定句式：主语+谓语+it+形容词+动词不定式结构。 5．Be patient, John. Don't give up. Have___________ try. A. other B. another C. the other D. one

人教版中考英语专项训练代词练习题

人教版中考英语专项训练代词练习题一、初中英语代词 1．There is food left in the refrigerator. Please go and buy some. A. little B. a little C. a bit D. a few 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：冰箱里没有什么食物剩下了。请去买一些。 few 和 a few 后接可数名词，little 和a little 后接不可数名词。few 和little 意为“很少，几乎没有”，表否定;a little 和a few 意为“有几个”，“有一点”，表肯定。这里是没有什么食物，表否定，food是不可数名词，故答案为A。【点评】考查不定代词和词义辨析。注意区别这几个词的意思及用法。 2．—Does the pink toy piggy belong to __________? —No. __________ is a purple one. A. hers; Hers B. her; Hers C. her; Her 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——这只粉色的小猪玩具属于她吗？——不，她的是一只紫色的。A. hers; Hers名词性物主代词，名词性物主代词；B. her; Hers人称代词宾格，名词性物主代词；C. her; Her人称代词宾格，人称代词宾格。第一空作宾语，表示"某人"，应该用人称代词；第二空作主语，表示"某人的某物"，应该用名词性物主代词，故答案选B。【点评】考查人称代词代词和名词性物主代词，注意识记人称代词代词和名词性物主的用法。 3．Nowadays many people prefer to keep in touch with ______________ friends online. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：现在年轻人更喜欢在网上跟他们的朋友保持联系。A.他们，主格人称代词；B.他们，宾格人称代词；C.他们的，形容词性物主代词；D.他们的，名词性物主代词。空缺处需要定语修饰friends，因此使用形容词性物主代词，故答案是C。【点评】考查代词辨析，注意形容词性物主代词可以作定语修饰名词。 4．The bird can't fly. _____ of its wings were hurt. A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：这只鸟不会飞。它的两个翅膀受伤了。 A.两者都；B.都，三者或者三者以上；C. （两者中）任一的；D.两者都不。根据常识可知，鸟应该有两个翅膀，故排除B；either of修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；both of修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；根据The bird can't fly.和后面的系动词为复数were可知，此处指的是鸟的两个翅膀都受伤了。故选A。【点评】考查代词辨析。注意理解单词词义，理解句意。