综合商务英语(3)Unit 1

aboriginal tourism原住民观光

a branch of tourism based the unique features of the aboriginal people, in which tourists can visit their houses, share their lifestyle and appreciate culture

agritourism 农业旅游、农家乐旅游

a branch of tourism in which customers stay in accommodation on working farms and may have the opportunity to help with farm work

ecotourism生态旅游

a form of tourism which places a heavy emphasis on appreciation and protection of the natural environment, with ecotourists traveling to regions of ecological interest around the world. This form of tourism is also sometimes called ecological tourism, nature travel, or responsible tourism.

heritage tourism遗产旅游

heritage tourism is defined as "traveling to experience the places, artifacts and activities that authentically represent the stories and people of the past," and "heritage tourism can include cultural, historic and natural resources."

excursion:a short journey made for pleasure, especially one that has been organized for a group of people （尤指集体）远足、短途旅行

exodus : ( formal or humorous ) a situation in which many people leave a place at the same time

（大批人同时）离开、外出

the mass exodus from Paris to the country in the summer 夏日大批人从巴黎外出到农村

The play was so awful that there was a general exodus from the theatre at the interval.

getaway : (informal) a short holiday/vacation; a place that is suitable for a holiday/vacation短假、假日休闲地

a romantic weekend getaway in New York 在纽约度过的浪漫周末

the popular island getaway 深受欢迎的度假岛

jaunt: ( old-fashioned or humorous ) a short journey that you make for pleasure （短途）游

览、旅行SYN excursion

aswarm (adj. be ~ with sb./sth.)full of people or things 充满的，拥挤的

e.g. The garden is aswarm with bees.

swarm: n./v.

1. a swarm of bees / flies

n. a large group of insects, especially bees,

moving together in the same direction 一大群蜜蜂等昆虫

2. Tourists were swarming all over the island.

v. (often disapproving) (of people, animals, etc.)

to move around in a large group) 成群地来回移动

3. Gulangyu Island is swarming with tourists.

v. ~ with sb./sth.: be full of people or thing到处是人或物、挤满

pour

to come or go somewhere continuously in large numbers 不断涌向(或涌现)SYN flood

e.g. Letters of complaint continue to pour in.投诉信纷至沓来。

After class, students poured out of the classroom.下课后，学生们纷纷涌出教室。

make for:

1. to move towards 走向

e.g. He rose from his seat and made for the door.

2. to help to make sth. possible 促成

e.g. Nuclear threat doesn’t make for the peace of the Korean Peninsular.

thread v. i nterwoven or ornamented with threads; 穿（针）

to move or make sth. move through a narrow space, avoiding things that are in the way（使）穿

过、通过、穿行

e.g. It took me a long time to thread my way through the crowd.我花了很长时间才从人群中挤出去。streets threaded with fog: 我漫步在睡意正浓、雾气迷蒙的昏暗街头。

dismaying adj. disappointing

dismay n. a worried, sad feeling after you have received an unpleasant surprise诧异灰心丧气eg. The news has been greeted with dismay by local business leaders.

当地商界领导听到这消息都感到很丧气。

eg. He looked at her in dismay.

dismay: v.

to make sb feel shocked and disappointed

eg. The new law dismayed some of the more conservative politicians.

shuttered:adj. with the shutters closed; with shutters fitted 关上卷闸门的

shutter: v.to close or provide with shutters

eg. She shuttered the windows.

shutter: n.a solid or louvered movable cover for a window活动护窗,百叶窗;（照相机的）快门eg. to open/close the shutters. 打开/关上护窗

line: A particular type of line in a conversation is a remark that is intended to have a particular effect.（旨在取得某种效果的）话语

chat-up lines like “You’ve got beautiful eyes”诸如“你的眼睛很漂亮”之类的搭讪语clatter: v.to make a loud, rattling (嘎嘎)sound, as that produced by hard objects striking rapidly one against the other

The shutters clattered in the wind.

clatter: n. 撞击声

Onomatopoeia （拟声词）refers to the use of words which sound like the noise they refer to. peer:v. to look closely or carefully at sth, especially when you cannot see it clearly 凝视，细看eg. He peered closely at the photograph.

他聚精会神地端详着照片

n. a person who is the same age or who has the same social status as you. 同辈，同龄人

eg. She enjoys the respect of her peers.

她受到同侪的尊敬。

assignment: group one

peer vs. stare vs. glare vs. gaze vs. glance vs. glimpse

sumptuous: adj. (formal) very expensive and looking very impressive 豪华的，华丽的

a sumptuous meal 盛宴

we dined in sumptuous surroundings.

n. sumptuousness

suave: adj. (especially of a man) confident, elegant and polite, sometimes in a way that does not seem sincere 文雅的，有礼貌的

eg. All the waiters were suave and deferential.

sartorial: adj. [only before noun] (formal) relating to clothes, especially men’s clothes, and the

way they are made or worn 服装的；（尤指）男装的；衣着的

eg. He is a man of great sartorial elegance.

establishment: n.An organization, a large institution or a hotel机构，大型组织，企业，旅馆The hotel is a comfortable and well-run establishment.eg. 这家旅馆环境舒适且经营良好。meager budget: not enough money

meager: a.deficient in quantity or quality; inadequate

E.g.a meager salary; a meager harvest

Syn.scanty, insufficient

Ant.plentiful, sufficient, abundant

plump: adj.

a. having a soft ,round body, slightly fat 丰腴的微胖的eg. a plump face 饱满的面庞

b. looking soft and full to use or eat 松软的

c. (of amounts of money) generous; ample eg. a plump cheque

wad: n. a thick pile of pieces of paper, paper money, etc. folded or rolled together （纸张、钞票等的）卷，沓，捆(P7)

beady-eyed: (informal) watching carefully and noticing every small detail 机警地盯着的；目光锐利的

We were being watched by a beady-eyed security guard.

assorted: various different sorts

secrete: v(of part of the body or a plant) to produce a liquid substance 分泌

eg. Insulin is secreted by the pancreas. 胰岛素是胰腺分泌的

(formal) to hide sth, especially sth small 隐藏，藏匿（小物件）

eg. The drugs were secreted in the lining of his case. 毒品藏在他的皮箱内衬中。beckon: v

1)to appear very attractive to sb

eg. The clear blue sea beckoned. 清澈蔚蓝的大海令人向往。

2)to give sb a signal using your finger or hand, especially to tell them to move nearer or to follow you 招手示意

eg. He beckoned to the waiter to bring the bill. 他招手示意服务生把账单送过来。

3)to be sth that is likely to happen or will possibly happen to sb in the future

eg. For many kids leaving college the prospect of unemployment beckons.

trudge: v. to walk slowly or with heavy steps, because you are tired or carrying sth heavy 步履艰难地走

slatted: adj. made of slats (= thin pieces of wood) 用条板做成的

slat: n. one of a series of thin flat pieces of wood, metal or plastic, used in furniture, fences. 板条，窄条

studded: adj. decorated with small raised pieces of metal 饰以钉的(P7)

studded with～: having a lot of sth on or in it布满（或有很多）…的

The sky was clear and studded with stars.eg. 天空晴朗，繁星点点

an essay studded with quotations 旁征博引的文章

bolt:

1)a long, narrow piece of metal that you slide across the inside of a door or window in order to lock it（门窗的）闩，插销

2)a piece of metal like a screw without a point which is used with a circle of metal (= a nut ) to

fasten things together 螺栓

nuts and bolts 螺帽和螺栓

3)~ of lightning: 闪电

a bolt from the blue: an event or a piece of news which is sudden and unexpected; a complete surprise

Her dismissal came as a bolt from the blue. 她的解雇简直就是晴天霹雳。

recline: v. ～(against/in/on sth)to sit or lie in a relaxed way, with your body leaning backwards 躺，斜依

She was reclining on a sofa.eg. 她依靠在沙发上

recliner (also recliner chair) (especially AmE): a soft comfortable chair with a back that can be pushed back at an angle so that you can lean back in it（可调式）躺椅

drop off: (BrE, informal)

eg. 1) I dropped off and missed the end of the film. (to fall into a light sleep)

2)Traffic in the town has dropped off since the bypass opened. (to become fewer or less) mumble: v.

to speak or say sth in a quiet voice in a way that is not clear 嘟哝；口齿不清地说

eg. She mumbled an apology and left.

n. (also mumbling) speech or words that are spoken in a quiet voice in a way that is not clear uncanny: adj. strange and difficult to explain 离奇的，不可思议的

eg. I had an uncanny feeling I was being watched.

seep: (especially of liquids) to flow slowly and in small quantities through sth or into sth 渗；渗透

eg. Water seeped from a crack in the pipe. 水从管道的一个裂缝中渗出。

Gradually the pain seeped away. 疼痛渐渐消失了。

gasp: n. a quick deep breath, usually caused by a strong emotion 喘息深吸气

to give a gasp of horror/surprise/relief 惊恐得/吃惊得倒抽一口气；如释重负地松一口气His breath came in short gasps. 他急促地喘着气。

beacon: n. a light that is placed somewhere to guide vehicles and warn them of danger (指引车，船等的)灯标灯塔

breakwater: n. a wall built out into the sea to protect the shore or harbour from the force of the waves 防波堤

fetching: adj. attractive 迷人的，吸引人的

shiver: v. to shake slightly because you are cold, frightened, excited,etc. 颤抖，哆嗦（因寒冷，恐惧，激动等）

He shivered at the thought of the cold, dark sea.eg. 那寒冷黑暗的大海，他想想都吓得发抖shivery. adj.

kiss:

the kiss of death: (informal, especially humorous) an event that seems good, but is certain to make sth else fail 貌似有利却肯定会在别处导致失利的事物；表面有利实则有害的事物An award can be the kiss of death for a writer.

the kiss of life: (BrE) a method of helping sb who has stopped breathing to breathe again by placing your mouth on theirs and forcing air into their lungs 人工呼吸（口对口）SYN mouth-to-mouth resuscitation

wretched:

1) (of a person) feeling ill/sick or unhappy 难受的

eg. I felt wretched about the way things had turned out.事情落了这么个结局，我感到很难受2）making you feel sympathy or pity 可怜的悲惨的

eg. She finally agreed to have the wretched animal put down. 她最后同意用药结束这头可怜的动物的生命。

3）extremely bad or unplesant.极坏的恶劣的

The animals are kept in the most wretched conditions.这些动物的饲养条件及其恶劣。fractionally: adv. to a very small degree 微小地，微乎其微地(P7)

He was just fractionally ahead at the finishing line.eg. 在终点线他只是稍稍领先。

fraction: n. a small part or amount of sth. 小部分少量

fractional: adj.

bathed: adj.

1)(literary) covered with light

The castle was bathed in moonlight.城堡沐浴在月光里。

2)wet because covered with sweat or tears

I was so nervous that I was bathed in perspiration. 我紧张得浑身是汗。

wheel: to move or fly in a circle 旋转盘旋

Birds wheeled above us in the sky. 鸟儿在我们上空盘旋。

regal: adj. typical of a king or queen, and therefore impressive 国王般的，庄严的(P7)

regal power 王权

to have sth on his mind:

if sth is on sb's mind, she/he is thinking about it a lot or worrying about it.

eg. I'm sorry if I've been a bit irritable recently but I've got a lot on my mind (= I'm worrying a lot) at the moment.

to have sth in one's mind:

to be thinking about sth as a possibility

boom: v.

1) to make a loud deep sound

eg. Outside, thunder boomed and crashed.

2) of business/economy: to have a period of rapid growth 迅速发展激增

eg. Business is booming!

irksome: adj. annoying or irritating 使人厌倦的(P7)

eg. I found the restrictions irksome.我对那些限制感到很烦

irk: v. to annoy or irritate sb. 使烦恼，激怒

eg. Her flippant tone irked him.他轻佻的语调使他很生气。

recede: v.

1)to move gradually away from sb or away from a previous position 逐渐远离渐渐远去eg. She watched his receding figure.她看着他的身影渐渐远去。

2)(especially of a problem, feeling or quality) to become gradually weaker or smaller逐渐减弱、慢慢变小

eg. The prospect of bankruptcy has now receded (= it is less likely). 破产的可能性现已减少了。

3)(of hair) to stop growing at the front of the head 头发变秃

a middle-aged man with receding hair / a receding hairline

发际后移的中年男子

shuffle:

v. 1) to walk slowly without lifting your feet completely off the ground 拖着步子走(P7) He shuffled across the room to the window. 他拖着脚走到房间那头的窗户跟前。

2) to mix cards up before playing a game.洗牌

prom: (BrE,informal, becoming old-fashioned) = promenade, a public place for walking, usually a wide path beside the sea公共散步场所；（常指）滨海步行大道

circulation: n.

1)the movement of blood around the body 血液循环(P7)

Regular exercise will improve blood circulation.

2)the passing or spreading of sth from one person or place to another 传递；流传；流通

the circulation of money/information/ideas

3)the fact that sb takes part in social activities at a particular time（某段时间的）社交活动

I was out of circulation for months after the baby was born.

4)the usual number of copies of a newspaper or magazine that are sold each day, week, etc （报刊）发行量，销售量

a daily circulation of more than one million

level: adj.

1）～with sth: having the same height,position, value as sth.等高的地位相同的价值相等的eg. She drew level with (=came beside) the police car.

她开车赶上来和警车并排行驶。

2）～with sb: having the same score as sb得分相同

eg. France took an early lead but Wales soon drew level (=scored the same number of points). 法国队开始领先，但很快就被威尔士队把比分扳平。

amiable: adj. pleasant; friendly and easy to like SYN agreeable 和蔼可亲的亲切友好的eg. Her parents seemed very amiable.

amiably adv.

amiability n.

confidence: n. (formal) a secret that you tell sb 秘密

eg. I could never forgive Mike for betraying a confidence.

confidential: adj. to be kept secret; not to be made known to others 机密的秘密的

eg. confidential information / documents 机密情报/文件

confide: v. to impart secrets trustfully; discuss private matters or problems (usually followed by in ) 透露秘密

It is important to have someone you can confide in. eg. 有一位心腹知己很重要

succinct: (approving) expressed clearly and in a few words SYN concise 简明的言简意赅的eg. 1)Keep your answers as succinct as possible.

2)You put that very succinctly. 你说得十分简明扼要。

delicious: adj. (literary) extremely pleasant or enjoyable 令人愉快的开心的

the delicious coolness of the breeze微风送爽

saunter: v. to walk in a slow relaxed way SYN stroll 漫步闲逛

eg. He sauntered by, looking as if he had all the time in the world.

come to life:

1)to become more interesting, exciting or full of activity

The match finally came to life in the second half. 比赛在下半场终于精彩起来。

2)to start to act or move as if alive

In my dream all my toys came to life. 我的玩具在梦里都活过来了。

uneventful: in which nothing interesting, unusual or exciting happens

平淡无奇的；平凡的；缺乏刺激的OPP eventful

an uneventful life平淡的一生

handful: n.

1)~ (of sth): the amount of sth that can be held in one hand 一把（的量）

a handful of rice 一把米

2)~ (of sb/sth): a small number of people or things 少数人（或动物）

Only a handful of people came.

3)a ~: (informal) a person or an animal that is difficult to control 难以控制的人或动物Her children can be a real handful. 她的孩子们有时很难管教

商务英语函电在对外贸易中的重要性

随着全球经济的快速发展和经济一体化的进程，世界各国的经济贸易往来日益频繁，而众所周知，英语是当今全球运用最广的语言，因此英语便也成为了对外贸易中的主要用语我们也称之为商务英语。而商务函电是指在对外贸易中所使用的信函，电报，电传，传真，电子邮件等通讯方式。所以商务英语函电就是指在对外贸易活动中以英语为载体而进行的商务函电往来。商务英语函电是国际商务往来中经常使用的联系方式，是开展对外贸易业务和有关商务活动的基础及重要工具。商务英语函电是对外贸易的交流工具，它贯穿于对外贸易的各个环节，及时，具体，完整，准确地为贸易双方传递商务事业信息以及帮助双方达成最有效的交流与沟通。商务英语函电是对外贸易的重要媒介，它在各国之间相互沟通，开展业务，达成交易，建立友好关系工作等对外贸易活动中起着举足轻重的作用，是对外贸易中不可或缺的组成部分。如果没有往来的商务英语函电，贸易双方就无法完成正常的交流与沟通，无法获知对方的各项商务信息，因此大部分的国际贸易活动也都不可能顺利进行，所以，商务英语函电在对外贸易中的重要性可想而知。 商务英语函电在对外贸易中的第一个重要性就表现在它的索取信息和传递信息的功能。对外贸易本身就是特指国际贸易活动中的一国或地区同其他国家或地区所进行的商品、劳务和技术的交换活动。这是立足于一个国家或地区去看待它与其他国家或地区的商品贸易活动。他不同于国内贸易，可以去实地进行考察，双方面对面进行交流与沟通，从而获取一切对方的商务事业信息，对外贸易大多涉及本国以外的不同国家与不同地区，在很大程度上受到贸易双方地理位置等客观条件的限制，如果也像国内贸易那样进行面对面的索取信息与传递信息，这个过程肯定是繁琐而复杂的，而且加上空间和时间的限制，这个过程的成本费用也会很高，速度也会很缓慢，过程中的安全问题也不能得到保障，甚至于可能在这种实际的信息传递中造成数据的丢失或者毁坏。商务英语函电的存在，就让这些问题得到了一一化解，索取信息和传递信息不会再受到时间和空间等因素的限制，甚至比以前更加快捷，可以快速的索取有效的信息传递给从事对外贸易的双方，利用商务英语函电开展对外贸易，买卖双方可采用标准化、电子化的格式合同、提单、保险凭证、发票和汇票、信用证等，使各种相关单证在网上即可实现瞬间传递，大大节省了单证的传输时间，而且还能有效地减少因纸面单证中数据重复录入导致的各种错误，对提高交易效率的作用十分明显,而且加上中间大量环节的减少，也在一定程度上降低了对外贸易过程中的成本。 商务英语函电在对外贸易中的第二个重要性表现在它一直贯穿于对外贸易的始终，处理整个对外贸易中各个环节的相关事宜。它涉及外贸业务中的各个环节。从建立业务关系、询盘、发盘、还盘、接受、执行提供、装运、保险、付款，到执行合同过程中的纠纷，以及最后的索赔，大都需要商务英语函电的解决。对外贸易过程各环节中所有往来的商务英语函电也都构成重要的法律依据，特别是当产生贸易纠纷时，它有可能左右解决纠纷的最终结果。而前面提到的还仅仅是体现在实实在在的对外贸易实际活动中，事实上，商务英语函电还在对外贸易过程中起着很多隐性作用，其实在建立业务关系之前商务英语函电的重要性就体现出来了，商务英语函电的出现让我们摒弃了传统方式上的寻找合作伙伴的方法，通过商务英语函电的平台，不但能节省大量的人力，物力，财力让你找到满意合作伙伴，也可以大大的拓宽你的选择范围，进一步寻找潜在客户。商务英语函电在洽谈过程中也起着重要的作用，他可以跨越传统的面对面洽谈的限制，在获得大量信息的情况下，还能提供更多更方便的异地洽谈方式。 商务英语函电在对外贸易中第三个重要性主要是在它使对外贸易双方更加方便的保持联络与沟通感情，促进双方得后续合作甚至长期合作。对外贸易过程中，买卖双方肯定不会只想仅仅只合作一次，甚至于双方特别互相认可的话，是容易发展长期的战略合作伙伴的，而商务英语函电就提供了这样一个长期交流的机会，商务英语函电能让交易双方能在最快的时间内进行信息与意见的交流，能在第一时间获知对方的需求，不管你在任何地方，任何时 1

高级综合商务英语unit4课文翻译

今年1月，史蒂夫?乔布斯(Steve Jobs)走上旧金山芳草地艺术中心(Yerba Buena Center)的舞台发布iPad，完成了现代商业史上最引人注目的一次复出。 这不仅仅关乎半年前迫使他退居幕后的疾病。病魔一度令乔布斯严重消瘦，最终不得不进行肝脏移植手术。而就在十多年前，几乎所有人认为乔布斯的事业及其共同创立的苹果公司(Apple)已经走上绝路。硅谷和华尔街都断定，它们已经与科技的未来无缘。 然而，到了今年初，苹果已然重生。在1月份的发布会之前，即使是按照乔布斯自己的苛刻标准衡量，外界对苹果的期望程度也是异乎寻常的。 批评者总是用贬抑的口吻谈论乔布斯创造的“现实扭曲场”：他能让观众信服，那些在其他厂商手中似乎尚未成形的技术已经被苹果完美地应用。为了激起消费者购买他们自己也不知道是否真正需要的电子产品的欲望，打消他们的疑虑极其关键，而乔布斯则早就被公认为这种艺术形式的大师。 这不仅仅关乎半年前迫使他退居幕后的疾病。病魔一度令乔布斯严重消瘦，最终不得不进行肝脏移植手术。而就在十多年前，几乎所有人认为乔布斯的事业及其共同创立的苹果公司(Apple)已经走上绝路。硅谷和华尔街都断定，它们已经与科技的未来无缘。 对于F?斯科特?菲茨杰拉德(F. Scott Fitzgerald)广为流传的名言（美国人的生命中没有第二幕）而言，没有比这更坚决的反驳了。乔布斯首次登上报纸头条时，甚至比现在的马克?扎克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)

还要年轻。早在书呆子备受追捧之前，由于在普及个人电脑(PC)中发挥的关键作用，以及苹果在华尔街的成功上市（当时乔布斯年仅25岁），乔布斯就成为了科技界的第一个摇滚明星。 如今，三十年过去了，乔布斯成为了在塑造世纪之交的世界中居功至伟的美国西海岸的几大科技巨头之一。他的老对手比尔?盖茨(Bill Gates)或许更富有，而且在盖茨的事业巅峰时期，凭借其在PC软件领域的垄断，可以说盖茨的影响力比乔布斯更大。但盖茨已经离开了舞台，将其余生和财富奉献给慈善事业。如今，乔布斯才是焦点所在。这些年来，在苹果针对微软的所有打击中，没有一次比得过iPad的巨大成功造成的冲击。近十年前，盖茨自己也开发过一款平板电脑，但由于需要用笔在屏幕上写字，并且采用与PC一样的界面，该产品并未带动多少需求。 iPad则完全不同。iPad延续了iPhone在屏幕多用途以及用于具体任务的轻量级“应用程序”方面的创新，代表着一个没有计算机鼠标和没有Windows的未来。廉价上网本的销售已经受到了冲击。 不是所有数字专家都欢迎这样的未来。通过操纵在线商店销售的应用程序，以及为开发这些应用制定规则，苹果对这个新王国的控制更胜于微软对PC的控制。 对批评者来说，这是乔布斯完美主义的阴暗面。依赖苹果善意的新思想很可能会被扼杀。曾经的盟友谷歌(Google)站到了苹果的对立面。谷歌以web的开放性为基础，建立了自己的智能手机软件模式。 然而，就目前而言，那些担忧很大程度上仍然是一种假设，众多消费

世纪商务英语

I can't believe it!Right in the middle of our conversation,Peter turned around abruptly and walked out of the room! C.suddenly突然的 The doctor said that there was only a slim hope of survival for the people in the air crash. D.very little微弱的 7 Unlike the well-mannered John,Jim was rather uncouth. A.rude粗鲁的 Jack is a resolute man. Once he sets up a goal,he won't give it up easily. resolute:坚决的 The results of the competition excedded our expectations. 超过 The author tried to interpret a difficult problem in a simple way to the readers. 解释 The company was sold according to the evaluation of its assets. 计算 They exaggerated the enemy's losses and understated their own. 没有如实地陈述 Her work is sometimes good,but the problem is she's not consistent. 一致的 The subsidiary company is operated by a young manager appointed by the board of directors. 属附公司 Canada is a bilingual country where two languages are used officially. 双语的 He had the ability to write fluent and idiomatic English. 习语的 The number of employees in the company has trebled over the past decade. 雇员 They have published a lot of new books on international issues. 发行 I will have to consult my lawyer before I can give you an answer on that. 就诊 I'd appreciate it if you let me get on with my job. 感谢 Company sales improved dramatically following a ＄2 million marketing campaign. 市场营销His parents are quite well-off;they've just bought him a new car for his birthday. 富有的 Please describe the operation of the system in unprofessional language so that

高级综合商务英语2 Unit3

Unit 3 1. CPI:(consumer price index) 居民消费价格指数 2. PPI:(producer price index )生产价格指数 3. Business cycle经济周期 4. Fiscal policy 财政政策: 5. equity capital主权资本，股本权益 6. Game theory 博弈论 7. break even price保本价格 8. Producer surplus生产者剩余 9. inward-looking: closed; isolated 10. miraculous: incredible; marvelous; amazing 11. at the outset of: at the beginning of 12. self-sufficient: self-sufficing; self-sustaining 13. unleash: release; loose 14. exploit: advantage; explore 15. tap: exploit 16. defy: challenge 17. pervasive: permeating 18. contraction: cut; reduction; recession 19. eradicate: eliminate; wipe out 20. inclusive:comprehensive; all-over 1. After the industrial revolution, experience-based innovation was increasingly replaced by field experimentation and, later, by science-based experiments conducted in scientific laboratories (substitute) Paraphrase: After the industrial revolution, field experimentation and, later on, science-based experiments which were conducted in science labs have substituted the traditional experience-based innovation. 2. So if a developing country knows how to tap the advantage of backwardness in technology, industry, and social and economic institutions, it can grow at an annual rate several times that of high-income countries for decades before closing its income gap with those countries.(exploit; catch up with) Paraphrase: Therefore, if a developing country knows how to exploit its advantage of backwardness in technology, industry, and social and economic institutions by borrowing advanced technology from outside, its annual growth rate will be several times greater than that of rich countries for many decades and thus it might catch up with those countries. 3. Stagnation and frequent social and economic crises began to beset most developing countries by the 1970s and 1980s.(be faced with) Paraphrase: By the 1970s and 1980s, most developing countries were faced with economic depression and frequent social and economic crises.

世纪商务英语---外贸英语实务翻译答案

1. 检验证书用来表明商品是否符合合同条款。 2. 有时，在合同中有必要订立一个罚金条款，以防万一出现未交货、迟交货、或迟开信用证等一方违约的情况。 3. 当发生不可抗力时，援引不可抗力条款的一方必须在规定期限内及时通知另一方。 4. 裁决指仲裁庭做出的决定。 5. 仲裁协定或合同中的仲裁条款应写明仲裁费用由谁承担。 6. In this case, who is to bear the losses? 7. A force majeure clause should also be specified in the sales contract. 8. Any claim by the buyer regarding the goods shall be filed within thirty days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination. 9. If you want to file a claim, you should give us a survey report issued by an inspection agency approved by us. 10. I’ll ty pe a clean contract and we can sign it this afternoon. 1. 在信用证支付方式下指望银行付款，而非进口方付款的能力或意愿，但出口方只有遵从信用证的所有条款，才能得到货款。 2. 银行开出信用证就意味着该银行要承担在合适的汇票和单据被出示后付款的责任。 3. 受益人即信用证中所指定的有权接受货款的人，即出口商。 4. 在这一步骤中，买方应填写申请表，包括品名、质量、数量、单价、总值、贸易术语、付款时间、包装、装运期限等。通常买方还应该明确信用证的有效期。 5. 通常，信用证应在装运日期前至少15天内到达卖方，以留出充足的时间进行审核，必要时进行修改，并安排装运。 6. 如果修改通知书涉及两个以上条款，相关各方只能按照惯例全部接受或全部拒绝，而不能只接受其中的一部分，而拒绝其他部分。 7. Wang Ling found that all its clauses were all right except the shipment validity when checking the L/C. 8. As stipulated in the contract, the buyer should open a letter of credit in favor of the seller 30 days before the month of shipment. 9. The letter of credit has been opened in your favor. 10. Generally, the letter of credit specifies the beneficiary’s name, description of goods, quantity, unit price, total amou nt, ports of loading and destination, trade terms, payment terms, shipping documents, shipment validity, negotiation validity, etc. 1. 在中国，由国家质量监督检验检疫总局来主管全国进出口商品的检验工作。 2. 未经检验合格，《种类表》中的进口商品不准销售、使用， 出口商品不准出口。 3. 应注意不同检验证书的有效期不同，如果检验证书到期，商品就需要重新报验。 4. 商检机构应当在对外贸易合同约定的索赔期限内完成检验，并签发检验证书。 5. 对这批货物进行30%的抽样检查所得的检验报告是最终的，对双方都有约束力。 6. What’s the time limit for the reinspection? 7. The reinspection fee should be borne by the seller. 8. These goods are not allowed to pass the customs without legal inspection. 9. The buyer is entitled to reinspect the goods upon their arrival even though inspection has been made before shipment. 10. Whose survey report will be taken as final if we find any shortage? Unit 12 1. 运输代理行是运输领域的专家，了解各种最新的运输方式及其相关运费。 2. 运费按以公吨为单位的重量（重量吨）来计算，这种方式用“W ”表示。运费也可以按尺码吨来计算，用“M ”表示。 3. 对于贵重物品，按商品估价的一定百分比收取从价运费，这种方式用“Ad V al.”表示。 4. 航空运费的性质是运费只适用于从一机场到另一机场（单程），且只是运费，不包括其他额外费用， 如报关和仓储费用等。 5. 规定滞期费和速遣费的目的是为了促进装卸任务的及时完成。 6. 提单代表货物的所有权。 7. The freight is roughly based on weight and destination. 8. As we are in urgent need of the goods, please ship the goods immediately upon receipt of the L/C. 9. Under FOB, instead of the seller, it is the buyer who will arrange for the shipping space. 10. We await your shipping instructions. Unit 9 Unit 10 Unit 11

世纪商务英语Unit 9

Unit 9 职场 Background Knowledge I. Career Career is a term defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as an individual’s ―course or progress through life (or a distinct portion of life)‖. As of 2006, the word usually only pertains to one’s remunerative work (and sometimes also formal education). A career is traditionally seen as a course of successive situations that make up a person's worklife. One can have a sporting career or a musical career without being a professional athlete or musician, but most frequently "career" in the 20th century referenced the series of jobs or positions by which one earned one's money. It tended to look only at the past. As the idea of personal choice and self direction picks up in the 21st century, aided by the power of the Internet and the increased acceptance of people having multiple kinds of work, the idea of a career is shifting from a closed set of achievements, like a chronological résumé of past jobs, to a defined set of pursuits looking forward. In its broadest sense, career refers to an individual’s work and life roles over their lifespan. In the relatively static societies before modernism, many workers would often inherit or take up a single lifelong position (a place or role) in the workforce, and the concept of an unfolding career had little or no meaning. With the spread during the Enlightenment of the idea of progress and of the habits of individualist self-betterment, careers became possible, if not expected. II. Career Assessment Career Assessments are tests that come in a variety of forms and rely on both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Career Assessments can help individuals identify and better articulate their unique interests, values, and skills. Career counselors, executive coaches, career development centers, and outplacement companies often administer career assessments to help individuals focus their search on careers that closely match their unique personal profile. Career counseling advisors assess people's interests, personality, values and skills, and also help them explore career options and research graduate and professional schools. Career counseling provides one-on-one or group professional assistance in exploration and decision making tasks related to choosing a major/occupation, transitioning into the world of work or further professional training. The field is vast and includes career placement, career planning, learning strategies and student development. By the late 20th century a plethora of choices (especially in the range of potential professions) and more widespread education had allowed it to become fashionable to plan (or design) a career: in this respect the careers of the career counsellor and of the career advisor have grown up. It is also not uncommon for adults in the late 20th/early 21st centuries to have dual or multiple careers, either sequentially or concurrently. Thus, professional identities have

世纪商务英语外贸英语实务答案

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