机械设计上机设计实验报告
机械设计上机设计
班级：
姓名：
学号：
目录
1.数表和线图的程序化处理 (1)
1.1数表的程序化 (1)
1.1.1查表检索法 (1)
1.1.2数表解析法 (12)
1.2线图的程序化 (15)
1.3有关数据处理 (16)
2.典型零部件的程序设计 (18)
2.1 V带传动的程序设计 (18)
2.2 齿轮传动的程序设计 (19)
2.3 滚动轴承的程序设计 (21)
3.课后习题计算 (22)
一、表和线图的程序化处理
1.1数表程序化
数表程序化有两种方法：一是查表检索法；二是数表解析法1.1.1 查表检索法
1）一元数表的存取
表1-1 普通V带型号及有关参数
运行界面：
程序代码：
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Dim s As Integer
Dim q1 As Single, dm As Single, kb As Single
s = Val(Txt_s.Text)
Select Case s
Case 0
q1 = 0.02: dm = 20: kb = 0.00006
Case 1
q1 = 0.06: dm = 50: kb = 0.00039
Case 2
q1 = 0.1: dm = 75: kb = 0.00103
Case 4
q1 = 0.17: dm = 125: kb = 0.00265
Case 5
q1 = 0.3: dm = 200: kb = 0.0075
Case 6
q1 = 0.62: dm = 355: kb = 0.0266
Case 7
q1 = 0.9: dm = 500: kb = 0.0498
End Select
Txt_q1.Text = Str(q1)
Txt_dmin.Text = Str(dm)
Txt_kb.Text = Str(kb)
End Sub
Private Sub Command2_Click()
End
End Sub
2）二元数表的存取
表1-2齿轮传动工作状况系数K
运行界面：
程序代码：
Option Explicit
Dim ii As Integer
Dim jj As Integer
Public appdir As String Private Sub Check1_Click() If Check1.Value = 1 Then Check2.Value = 0
Check3.Value = 0
ii = 0
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Check2_Click() If Check2.Value = 1 Then Check1.Value = 0
Check3.Value = 0
ii = 1
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Check3_Click() If Check3.Value = 1 Then Check1.Value = 0
Check2.Value = 0
ii = 2
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Check4_Click()
If Check4.Value = 1 Then
Check5.Value = 0
Check6.Value = 0
jj = 0
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Check5_Click()
If Check5.Value = 1 Then
Check4.Value = 0
Check6.Value = 0
jj = 1
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Check6_Click()
If Check6.Value = 1 Then
Check4.Value = 0
Check5.Value = 0
jj = 2
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer
Dim ka(0 To 2, 0 To 2) As Single
ka(0, 0) = 1
ka(0, 1) = 1.25
ka(0, 2) = 1.75
ka(1, 0) = 1.25
ka(1, 1) = 1.5
ka(1, 2) = 2
ka(2, 0) = 1.5
ka(2, 1) = 1.75
ka(2, 2) = 2.25
txt_ka.Text = Str(ka(ii, jj))
End Sub
Private Sub Command1_Click()
End
End Sub
表1-3V工作状况系数K
运行界面：
程序代码：
Private Sub Command1_Click()
If (Combo1.Text = Combo1.List(0) And Option1.Value) Then Text_ka.Text = 1 If (Combo1.Text = Combo1.List(0) And Option2.Value) Then Text_ka.Text = 1.1 If (Combo1.Text = Combo1.List(0) And Option3.Value) Then Text_ka.Text = 1.2 If (Combo1.Text = Combo1.List(1) And Option1.Value) Then Text_ka.Text = 1.1 If (Combo1.Text = Combo1.List(1) And Option2.Value) Then Text_ka.Text = 1.2 If (Combo1.Text = Combo1.List(1) And Option3.Value) Then Text_ka.Text = 1.3 If (Combo1.Text = Combo1.List(2) And Option1.Value) Then Text_ka.Text = 1.2 If (Combo1.Text = Combo1.List(2) And Option2.Value) Then Text_ka.Text = 1.3 If (Combo1.Text = Combo1.List(2) And Option3.Value) Then Text_ka.Text = 1.4 If (Combo1.Text = Combo1.List(3) And Option1.Value) Then Text_ka.Text = 1.3 If (Combo1.Text = Combo1.List(3) And Option2.Value) Then Text_ka.Text = 1.4 If (Combo1.Text = Combo1.List(3) And Option3.Value) Then Text_ka.Text = 1.5 Text_pc.Text = Str(Text_ka) * Str(Text_p)
End Sub
Private Sub Command2_Click()
End
End Sub
3）区间检索
运行界面：
程序代码：
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Dim i As Integer, d As Integer
Dim dd As Variant, b As Variant, h As Variant
dd = Array(0, 6, 8, 10, 12, 17, 22, 30, 38, 44, 50, 58)
b = Array(0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18)
h = Array(0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 9, 10, 11)
d = Val(Txt_d.Text)
For i = 0 To 10
If d <= dd(i + 1) Then
End If
Next i
Txt_b.Text = Str(b(i))
Txt_h.Text = Str(h(i))
End Sub
Private Sub Command2_Click()
End
End Sub
4）复杂表格程序化（含插值处理）
①一元数表的线性插值
α
运行界面：
程序代码：
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Dim i As Integer
Dim t As Single, u As Single, f As Single
Dim kf As Single, af As Single
Dim x As Variant, y As Variant
x = Array(120, 125, 130, 135, 140, 145, 150, 155, 160, 165, 170, 175, 180, 185) y = Array(0.82, 0.84, 0.86, 0.88, 0.89, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.95, 0.96, 0.98, 0.99, 1, 1) t = Val(Txt_t.Text)
If t < x(0) Then
i = 0
ElseIf t >= x(12) Then
i = 12
Else
For i = 1 To 12
If t <= x(i) Then
Exit For
End If
Next i
End If
u = (t - x(i)) / (x(i + 1) - x(i))
f = y(i) + u * (y(i + 1) - y(i))
kf = f: af = t
Txt_af.Text = Str(af)
Txt_kf.Text = Str(kf)
End Sub
Private Sub Command2_Click()
Txt_t.Text = ""
Txt_af.Text = ""
Txt_kf.Text = ""
End Sub
②二元数表的线性插值
表1-6轴的圆角处应力集中系数Kσ
运行界面：
Dim Appdir As String
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer
Dim ii As Integer, jj As Integer
Private Sub Cmdstart_Click()
Dim ki As Integer, kj As Integer
Dim ax As Single, ay As Single, ap As Single
Dim bt As Single, f As Single
Dim x As Variant, y As Variant
Dim z(8, 6) As Single
x = Array(0, 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2)
y = Array(0, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000)
z(1, 1) = 2.32
z(1, 2) = 2.5
z(1, 3) = 2.71
z(1, 4) = 0
z(1, 5) = 0
z(1, 6) = 0
z(2, 1) = 1.84
z(2, 2) = 1.96
z(2, 3) = 2.08
z(2, 4) = 2.2
z(2, 5) = 2.35
z(2, 6) = 2.5
z(3, 1) = 1.6
z(3, 2) = 1.66
z(3, 3) = 1.69
z(3, 4) = 1.75
z(3, 5) = 1.81
z(3, 6) = 1.87
z(4, 1) = 1.51
z(4, 2) = 1.51
z(4, 3) = 1.54
z(4, 4) = 1.54
z(4, 5) = 1.6
z(4, 6) = 1.6
z(5, 1) = 1.4
z(5, 2) = 1.4
z(5, 3) = 1.42
z(5, 4) = 1.42
z(5, 5) = 1.46
z(5, 6) = 1.46
z(6, 1) = 1.34
z(6, 3) = 1.37
z(6, 4) = 1.37
z(6, 5) = 1.39
z(6, 6) = 1.39
z(7, 1) = 1.25
z(7, 2) = 1.25
z(7, 3) = 1.27
z(7, 4) = 1.27
z(7, 5) = 1.3
z(7, 6) = 1.3
z(8, 1) = 1.19
z(8, 2) = 1.19
z(8, 3) = 1.22
z(8, 4) = 1.22
z(8, 5) = 1.24
z(8, 6) = 1.24
ax = Val(txt_rd.Text)
ay = Val(txt_cb.Text)
For i = 1 To 8
If ax <= x(i + 1) Then
ki = i
Exit For
Else
ki = 8
End If
Next i
For j = 1 To 6
If ay <= y(j + 1) Then
kj = j
Exit For
Else
kj = 6
End If
Next j
ap = (ax - x(ki)) / (x(ki + 1) - x(ki))
bt = (ay - y(kj)) / (y(kj + 1) - y(kj))
f = (1 - ap) * (1 - bt) * z(ki, kj) + bt * (1 - ap) * z(ki, kj + 1) + ap * (1 - bt) * z(ki + 1, kj) + ap * bt * z(ki + 1, kj + 1)
txt_kc.Text = Str(f)
End Sub
Private Sub Command2_Click()
End
End Sub
③非线性插值
表1-7蜗轮齿形系数Y
运行界面：
程序代码：
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Dim i As Integer, z As Integer, hi As Integer
Dim x1 As Single, x2 As Single, x3 As Single
Dim u As Single, v As Single, w As Single, yf As Single
Dim x As Variant, y As Variant
x = Array(0, 20, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 35, 37, 40, 45, 50, 60, 80, 100, 150, 300)
y = Array(0, 1.98, 1.88, 1.85, 1.8, 1.76, 1.71, 1.64, 1.61, 1.55, 1.48, 1.45, 1.4, 1.34, 1.3, 1.27, 1.24) z = Val(Txt_z.Text)
For i = 1 To 14
If z - x(i + 1) <= 0 Then
hi = i
Exit For
Else
hi = 14
End If
Next i
If hi > 1 And z - x(hi) < x(hi + 1) - z Then hi = hi - 1
x1 = x(hi): x2 = x(hi + 1): x3 = x(hi + 2)
u = (z - x2) * (z - x3) / ((x1 - x2) * (x1 - x3))
v = (z - x1) * (z - x3) / ((x2 - x1) * (x2 - x3))
w = (z - x1) * (z - x2) / ((x3 - x1) * (x3 - x2))
yf = u * y(hi) + v * y(hi + 1) + w * y(hi + 2)
Txt_zv.Text = Str(z)
Txt_yf.Text = Str(yf)
End Sub
Private Sub Command2_Click()
Txt_zv.Text = ""
Txt_yf.Text = ""
Txt_z.Text = ""
End Sub
1.1.2 数表解析法
表1-8圆弧齿锥齿轮几何系数
运行界面：
程序代码：
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Dim YY As Variant
m = 2: n = 9
X = Array(0, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 45, 50)
Y = Array(0, 0.171, 0.186, 0.201, 0.214, 0.226, 0.234, 0.245, 0.263, 0.28) YY = Array(0, 0.171, 0.186, 0.201, 0.214, 0.226, 0.234, 0.245, 0.263, 0.28) Call 最小二乘法程序
txt_a0 = A(1, JJ)
txt_a1 = A(2, JJ)
txt_a2 = A(3, JJ)
For j = 1 To n
'将计算结果写入到表格中
MSHFlexGrid1.TextMatrix(j, 0) = Str(j)
MSHFlexGrid1.TextMatrix(j, 1) = Str(X(j))
MSHFlexGrid1.TextMatrix(j, 2) = Str(YY(j))
MSHFlexGrid1.TextMatrix(j, 3) = Str(Y(j))
Next j
End Sub
Private Sub Command2_Click()
End
End Sub
Private Sub Form_Load()
'设置各行的宽度
MSHFlexGrid1.ColWidth(0) = 500: MSHFlexGrid1.ColWidth(1) = 600 MSHFlexGrid1.ColWidth(2) = 800: MSHFlexGrid1.ColWidth(3) = 1600 '设置表头
MSHFlexGrid1.TextMatrix(0, 0) = "组数"
MSHFlexGrid1.TextMatrix(0, 1) = "齿数Z1"
MSHFlexGrid1.TextMatrix(0, 2) = "J原始值"
MSHFlexGrid1.TextMatrix(0, 3) = "几何系数J拟合值"
End Sub
Public X As Variant, Y As Variant
Public A(10, 11) As Single, S(10) As Single, T(10) As Single
Public i As Integer, j As Integer, k As Integer, m As Integer
Public n As Integer, l As Integer, LL As Integer, KK As Integer Public JJ As Integer, KP1 As Integer
Public b As Single, p As Single, TEMP As Single
Public Sub 最小二乘法程序()
LL = 2 * m + 1
KK = m + 1
JJ = KK + 1
For l = 2 To LL
S(l) = 0
Next l
S(1) = n
For k = 1 To KK
T(k) = 0
Next k
For i = 1 To n
b = 1: T(1) = T(1) + Y(i)
For j = 2 To KK
b = X(i) * b: S(j) = S(j) + b
T(j) = T(j) + Y(i) * b
Next j
For j = JJ To LL
b = X(i) * b: S(j) = S(j) + b
Next j
Next i
For i = 1 To KK
For j = 1 To KK
k = i + j: A(j, i) = S(k - 1)
Next j
Next i
For i = 1 To KK
A(i, JJ) = T(i)
Next i
For k = 1 To KK
p = 0
For i = k To KK
If p < Abs(A(i, k)) Then
p = Abs(A(i, k))
l = i
End If
Next i
If p <= 0.0000000001 Then
Exit For '线性方程组无解
End If
For j = k To JJ
TEMP = A(k, j)
A(k, j) = A(l, j)
A(l, j) = TEMP
Next j
KP1 = k + 1
For j = KP1 To JJ
A(k, j) = A(k, j) / A(k, k)
Next j
For i = 1 To KK
If (i - k) <> 0 Then
For j = KP1 To JJ
A(i, j) = A(i, j) - A(i, k) * A(k, j)
Next j
End If
Next i
Next k
For j = 1 To n
Y(j) = 0
For i = 1 To KK
Y(j) = Y(j) + A(i, JJ) * X(j) ^ (i - 1)
Next i
Next j
End Sub
1.2线图的程序化
1.2.1 查表检索法
图1-1普通V带选型图
运行界面：
程序代码：
Dim i As Integer
Private Sub Cmdstart_Click()
Dim pc As Double, n1 As Double, c(5) As Double
Dim xh As String
pc = Val(txt_pc.Text)
n1 = Val(txt_n1.Text)
c(0) = (Log(365) + (Log(2500) -Log(365)) * (Log(pc) -Log(0.8)) / (Log(5) -Log(0.8))) / Log(10)
c(1) = (Log(100) + (Log(1250) - Log(100)) * (Log(pc) - Log(1)) / (Log(10) - Log(1))) / Log(10) c(2) = (Log(100) + (Log(870) - Log(100)) * (Log(pc) - Log(3.15)) / (Log(18) - Log(3.15))) / Log(10)
c(3) = (Log(100) + (Log(700) - Log(100)) * (Log(pc) - Log(9)) / (Log(40) - Log(9))) / Log(10)
c(4) = (Log(100) + (Log(500) -Log(100)) * (Log(pc) -Log(50)) / (Log(200) -Log(50))) / Log(10)
For i = 0 To 4
If n1 >= 10 ^ c(i) Then
Exit For
End If
Next i
Select Case i
Case 0: xh = "Z"
Case 1: xh = "A"
Case 2: xh = "B"
Case 3: xh = "C"
Case 4: xh = "D"
Case 5: xh = "E"
End Select
txt_xh.Text = xh
End Sub
Private Sub Command2_Click()
End
End Sub
1.3有关数据处理
1.3.1标准值圆整
表1-9圆柱齿轮标准模数
运行界面：
程序代码：
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Dim i As Integer
Dim mm As Single, md As Single, mj As Single
Dim m As Variant
m = Array(1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 2.25, 2.5, 2.75, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, _ 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25, 28, 32, 36, 40, 45, 50) mm = Val(txt_mm.Text)
For i = 0 To 31
If mm <= m(i) Then
Exit For
End If
Next i
md = m(i)
For i = 1 To 31
If mm <= m(i) Then
Exit For
End If
Next i
If (m(i) - mm) <= (mm - m(i - 1)) Then
mj = m(i)
Else
mj = m(i - 1)
End If
txt_md.Text = Str(md)
txt_mj.Text = Str(mj)
End Sub
二、典型机械零部件的程序设计
2.1V带传动的程序设计
运行界面：