介词加关系代词定语从句

“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句

“介词+关系代词”型定语从句五大考点

“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是英语语法中的难点和重点, 近年来高考对这一语法结构的考查大有升温之势。

在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有which 和whom。如先行词是物，引导词用which；如先行词是人，则引导词用whom。如：

This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai.

This is the student for whom I bought the book.

考点1 简单介词+关系代词

知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词指人时只能用whom, 指物时只能用which；介词选择的依据主要是根据从句中的动词、形容词、名词与介词的固定搭配而定；或者以先行词与从句中的动词关系及所表达的含义而定；或者以先行词在定语从句中的作用和含义而定，并且含有介词的短语动词不能拆开，介词仍然放在动词之后。

（1）根据定语从句中的谓语动词确定介词，其动词或介词搭配，构成动词短语。例如：

Is this the car for which you paid a high price? (pay for)

In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help. (turn to sb for help)

The man with whom you shook hands just now is our English teacher. (shake hands with sb) （2）根据定语从句中的形容词确定介词，其形容词与介词搭配，构成形容词短语。例如：The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms. (be sure about)

The teacher of whom the students in our class are fond is Mr Wang, our English teacher. (be fond of)

（3）根据定语从句所修饰的先行词确定介词，其先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等的词，它们与介词之间有一定的联系。当“介词+关系代词”在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语时，可分别用when, where, why 替换。例如：

I”ll never forget the day on which (=when) I joined the army.

The factory in which (=where) his father works is far away from my hometown.

I don”t know the reason for which (=why) he was late.

（4）根据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词不是由固定的动词短语构成的，这时，要根据句子所要表达的意思，选用不同的介词。例如：This is the pilot for whom I bought a camera.

This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years.

This is the pilot by whom my son was saved.

1. (2004全国卷) The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _______ the sailing time was 226 days.

A. of which

B. during which

C. from which

D. for which

解析：关系代词which指代the journey, 定语从句恢复为独立的句子是：The sailing time of the journey was 226 days.故答案选A。

2. (2004全国卷) The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.

A. for which

B. at which

C. in which

D. on which

解析：本句主句部分应是The English play at the New Year's party was a great success.从句补全为独立的句子是:My students acted in the play. 故答案选C。

3. (2004上海卷) American women usually identify their best friend as someone _______ they can talk frequently.

A. who

B. as

C. about which

D. with whom

解析：先行词为someone,被关系代词whom代替在从句中作talk with 的宾语，介词with可以放在关系代词之前，identify...as...意为“把……当作……”，故答案选D。

考点2 复杂介词+关系代词

知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词有which, whom, whose。常用于该结构的复杂介词有：as a result of, at the back of, because of, by means of, for want of, in front of, in case of, on account of等。例如：

We got to a house at the back of which was a large garden.

Is there a certain test by means of which the No. 1 will be decided?

考点3 简单介词+关系代词+名词

知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词有which, whose。介词的选择取决于关系代词后的名词及整个句子的含义。高考考例：

(1995上海) In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m. _______ time many people have gone home.

A. whose

B. that

C. on which

D. by which

解析：介词by表示时间的意思是“到那时为止”。这句话的意思是“在办公室里，我似乎直到下午5：30才有空，那时许多人都已经回家了”。故答案选D。

考点4 the+ 名词+of+关系代词

知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词只有which。该结构表示所有关系, 口语中常用“whose + 名词”代替。非正式文体中可以用“of which the +名词”。高考考例：

(2000上海) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.

A. which price

B. the price of which

C. its price

D. the price of whose

解析：答案选B。本题就是一个考查the+ 名词+of+关系代词结构的一个典型例子。这里the price of which指代the price of the vase, 答案也可以是whose price。

考点5 表示部分的词语＋of＋关系代词

知识归纳：此时，指人的关系代词只能是whom, 指物的关系代词只能是which。表示部分的词语常见的有：不定代词all, both, none, neither, either, some, any, 数词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数)；数词+名词；the+最高级/比较级，以及表示数目或数量的词语many, most, few, several, enough, half a, a quarter。高考考例：

1. (2004湖北卷) There are two buildings, ________ stands nearly a hundred feet high.

A. the larger

B. the larger of them

C. the larger one that

D. the larger of which

解析：答案为D。the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings; B选项缺少一个连词。

2. (2004辽宁卷) The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _______ are sold abroad.

A. of which

B. which of

C. of them

D. of that

解析：答案为A。80% of which指代的是80% of the shoes。本题意为：这家工厂每年生产的50万双鞋子有80%都是销往国外的。

“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句常见错误

我们在学习定语从句时,常常会看到"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句,即把从句中的某一介词或介词短语提到关系代词前.使用这类定语从句时,常常会出现五类错误.现在归纳如下：

一、关系词的误用

1. The person to who you should write is Mr Hall. (whom)

2. I lost the book in that there are five color pictures. (which)

3. The day on when we can send men into space has at last come. (which)

4. He went back to the house in where he was born twenty years ago. (which)

简析:当介词位于从句的句首时,介词后一般用关系代词whom(指人,如1不可为who所代替)或which(指物,如 2.先行词即使为表示时间或地点的名词,介词后也不能用when或where,如3和4).不过,注意介词from有时根据句意的需要,也可以接where.如: He hid himself behind the door, from where he saw the man take a photo of something on the desk.他躲在门后面,从那里他看见那个人拍摄了桌子上的什么东西一下.(指from behind the door"从门后面",并非指from the door"从门")

二、拆开从句中极固定的动词搭配

5. He was the boy after whom the woman had looked for many years. (whom the woman had looked after for many years)

简析:若将定语从句中搭配极为固定的短语中的介词提前,其中的短语可能会失去它们本身的意义或可能使句子产生歧义,如look after, look for, depend on, go in for (迷恋)等短语.

三、介词与定语从句所修饰的先行词搭配不当

6. The farm in which we worked ten years ago isn't what it used to be. (on)

7. She wanted to find the way with which she could make everyone live more happily. (in)

简析:6. on the farm为习惯搭配,表示"在农场";7. in与way搭配,表示"用……办法,以……方式".

四、介词与定语从句中的谓语部分搭配不当

8. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person from whom she could turn for help. (to)

9. This is the tree in which the boat was tied. (to)

10. Can you find an object with which your toy is similar? (to)

简析:8. turn to sb. for help表示"向某人求助";9. tie与to连用,表示"拴/系到……上";10. similar与to搭配,表示"与……相似".

五、介词与句子的具体含义搭配不当

11. I can't remember the age in which I won that prize. (at)

12. That is the age at which people live in peace and happy. (in)

简析:根据全句意义,11中的age作"年岁"解,应与at搭配;12中的age表示"时期,时代",应与in搭配.

练习：

用适当的“介词+关系代词”填空。

1. We have many labs, the largest __________ was built last year.

2. The strange force is gravity __________ the earth pulls all bodies.

3. The English play __________ my students acted at the New Year”s party was a great success.

4. He offered us a lot of money __________ we couldn”t buy these machines.

5. Now we have very powerful telescopes __________ we can study the skies.

1. I don’t think the number of people ____ this happens is very large.

A. whom

B. to whom

C. on whom

D. which

2. The school has 3,000 students, _____ 1,800 are men.

A. whose

B. of whom

C. that

D. of which

3. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ______ was very reasonable.

A. which price

B. the price of which

C. its price

D. the price of whose

4. The gentleman ______ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.

A. who

B. about whom

C. whom

D. with whom

5. She wrote a lot of stories for children, _____ this is one example.

A. in which

B. of which

C. among them

D. of them

6. He offered us a lot of money _____ we couldn’t buy these machines.

A. without which

B. with that

C. with which

D. without that

7. Mary, ____ for help, has gone to England.

A. who I can go to

B. whom I can go

C. to whom I can go

D. I can go to

8. Now we have very powerful telescopes _____ we can study the skies.

A. in which

B. with which

C. through which

D. by which

9. The man ______ she was married was a soldier.

A. whom

B. to whom

C. with whom

D. who

10. Tom, ____ I went to the concert, is a friend of mine.

A. whom

B. who

C. with whom

D. whose

1. Yesterday Mr. Li finally bought his own house, _______ is a hospital.

A. in where

B. to the east of which

C. to the east of it

D. in the east of that

2. My brother's purse, _______ he put ￥1,000, was missing on the bus.

A. there

B. which

C. in which

D. that

3. The football match _______ the students competed yesterday was very wonderful.

A. in which

B. which

C. in that

D. that

4. The reason _______ he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour.

A. which

B. in which

C. for which

D. of which

5. His glasses, _______ he could see nothing, was taken away by a naughty boy.

A. which

B. without which

C. with which

D. without those

6. The computer, _______ he paid ￥3,000, was once owned by his uncle.

A. which

B. for which

C. that

D. to that

7. In the past we lost many chances, _______ we paid little attention.

A. which

B. that

C. in which

D. to which

8. The pen, _______ I had been writing for ten years, was broken.

A. with which

B. with that

C. as

D. with it

9. Mary has two brothers, ________ are doctors.

A. both of they

B. both of whom

C. both of them

D. whom of both

10. The problem _______ you argued about yesterday has been solved.

A. that

B. what

C. why

D. for which

11. My aunt bought me a book, the name _______ I have forgotten..

A. of it

B. which

C. whose

D. of which

12. On the way home I met my friend John, from _______ home the thief had stolen a computer.

A. whom

B. which

C. that

D. whose

13. I hate the way _______ you talk to your mother.

A. by which

B. on which

C. in which

D. which

14. At last we found the hole in the wall _______ the mouse got into the house last night.

A. in which

B. which

C. through which

D. by which

15. There are three girls in the room, ________ is Tom's sister.

A. the tallest of which

B. the tallest of whom

C. tallest of that

D. tallest of which

16. I'll never forget the day _______ I bought my own guitar with my own money.

A. where

B. on which

C. on when

D. that

17. She is just the girl, with _______ my brother came to visit me last month.

A. whom

B. her

C. that

D. who

18. Last night we saw two movies, _______ was interesting.

A. both of which

B. neither of which

C. both of them

D. neither of them

19. This is the house in _______ I was born thirty years ago.

A. it

B. there

C. which

D. that

20. The reason for _______ he failed in the exam was that he was too careless.

A. which

B. why

C. that

D. it

介词加关系代词引导的定语从句.

介词+关系代词引导的定语从句（一） “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式，这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which ,whom , whose , 它们既可以引导限定性定语从句，也可以引导非限定性定语从句。关系代词前该选用什么样的介词，要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定。 一．介词选择的主要标准 1.介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配 Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。( to a degree ) The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.你昨天告诉我的那个绅士被证明是个小偷。( tell sb. about sb./ sth. ) The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.那场在新年晚会上我学生参加表演的英语剧很成功。( in the play ) The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs for which they are being trained.学校本身承认，并不是所有的孩子都能在他们所接受的培训的职业成功。( be trained for the job ) 2.介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配 Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? 我们的老师与之握手的那个男士是谁？ ( shake hands with sb. ) Last month , part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods , from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上个月，东南亚的部分地区发生洪水，人们还在遭受着洪水所带来的影响。(suffer from sth. ) 3.介词与定语从句中的形容词构成一种习惯性的搭配

(完整版)介词+关系代词练习

There are two teach ing build ings sta nd ing in the both sides of our school. There are two teach ing build ings which/that stand in the both sides of our school. 难点语法------定语从句 “介词+关系代词”即“介词+ whom/which”的熟练使用 难点一、介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素 A. 与先行词的搭配关系 1) I will never forget the dayon which// whenl joined the army. 2) I will n ever forget the days duri ng which// whe n I worked in the school. 3) I will never forget the year in which// when my son went to college. 4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterdaybefore which// whe n most people had had supper. B. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯 1) Have you found the book for which I paid 29 US dollars? 2) Have you found the bookon which I spe nt 29 US dollars? 3) Have you found the bookfrom/in which we learnt a lot? 4) Have you found the bookabout which she ofte n talks? 难点二、“介词+ whom/which ”与“whom/which/that/ ? +介词”的转换。 1) The chair on which she is sitting is made of wood. The chair (which/that) she is sitting on is made of wood. 2) Is this the book which you are looking for? 介词for不能与look分开。 难点三、way作先行词 1) The way(in which /that) he looks at the problems is wrong. 难点四、表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介词of,有时可用whose转换 1) There are 100 teachers in our schoobf whom// among whom 60 are wome n teachers. 2) He has three childre n, twoof whom work as teachers. He has three children. Two of them work as teachers. 3) That table has four legs, allof which are very short. 4) I ' m painting a house, the rff/hich is round. I ' m painting a housenose roof is round. I ' m painting a hou.se Its roof is round. 5) They live in a house,whose win dows face south.

介词加关系代词引导的定语从句

“介词+ which / whom”引导的定语从句 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，把介词置于关系代词前，即演变出“介词+关系代词”句型。例如： The man who/whom /that you spoke to is a teacher. =The man to whom you spoke is a teacher. 一、基本构成 1.“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom(指人) ，即：介词+which/whom。 （1）The man to whom you spoke is a teacher. （2）The city in which she lives is far away. （3）The little girl is reading a book,in which there are many cartoons. 注意：当介词放在关系代词的前面时，用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。 2.在限制性定语从句中，当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时，可用that/which(指物)；that/who/whom（指人）作介词的宾语.且此处关系代词可以省略，特别是在口语中。如：（1) The man (who/whom /that )you spoke to is a teacher. （2）The city（which/that）she lives in is far away. 注：通常介词放在定语从句中动词后，也可以放在关系代词前面，但有些特殊动词短语搭配不能拆分，介词只能放在动词后，如： look for, look after, pay attention to ,take care of , look forward to, listen to等。 This is the pen that / which you are looking for. The patient whom she is looking after is her father. The words that /which we should pay attention to are written on the blackboard. There are fifty patients who/whom/that we must take good care of. 练习：Are these sentences right? (1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (2) The man(who/that) you talked with is my friend. (3) The man with who/that you talked is my friend. (4) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (5) The plane in that we flew to Canada is very comfortable. 二、关系副词when，where，why可用“介词＋which”来代替。关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词。

that关系代词用法-定语从句

that常用作关系代词，可指代某人，也可指代某物，指物时有的时候可用which替换that，指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下，一般用that。 一、that指代某物事时 1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如： 2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如： 3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如： 4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如： 5. 先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时。如： 6. 先行词前有the same 修饰，表示和先行词是同一物时。如： 注：如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用the same…as….如： 7. 先行词为数词时。

8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句，为避免重复，第二个定语从句用that。如： 9. 以which作主语开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复，定语从句用that。如。 10. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，而且通常省略。如： 11. 关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如： 二、that 指代某人时。 1. 泛指某人时。如： 2. 主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复时。如： 3. 先行词前有the same时。如： 4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如： 另外，that也可用作关系副词，表示时间、地点、原因和方式，在口语中可以用来代替when, where, why 引导的定语从句。在以下名词day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行词时，可用that作关系副词引导定语从句。如：

定语从句之关系代词

定语从句I 关系代词 定义：在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。 基本构成：先行词+关系间+定语从句。 先行词：它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 关系词：连接先行同和定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。 分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。 引导定语从句的关系词有两类：关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等，关系副词有when, where, why等。 一、关系代词的用法 1.who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。 Here comes the girl who wants to see you. 想见你的那个女孩过来了。(作主语) Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins. 丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。(作宾语) 2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。 Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about. 罗丝是你应该关心的人。(作宾语) 3.whose可修饰人，也可修饰物，表"所属"关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。 I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake. 我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。(作定语) 4.which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。 5.that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。 习惯上指人多用who, whom，指物多用which. The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语) The suitcase that lies on the ground is hers. 地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)

介词+关系代词讲解加练习

介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句 一．关系代词直接跟在介词后时，指人只可用whom，指物只能用which, 不可用who, that 例如：The man who/whom you spoke to was a scientist. 变成：The man to whom you spoke was scientist. 【练习1】把下面的句子改写成介词加关系代词引导的定语从句 1.This is the school that I studied in for three years. ____________________________________________________ 2.She is the very singer who they were talking about at that time. _____________________________________________________________ 3.She still remembers the factory that her mother worked in five years ago. _____________________________________________________________ 4.Daniel is the person (who/whom/that) I want to make friends with. __________________________________________________________________ 5 . The Maths teacher is the person (who/whom/that) I got an A plus from. ___________________________________________________________【练习2】判断下面的句子是否正确，如果有错，请修改 1. This boy to who I give a photo is his brother. 2. This is the girl for her my mother bought a nice gift. 3. The old man lives in that house, the windows of that were broken last night. 4. My people left the city in that they had lived for many years. 5. I still remember the morning in which he first come to school. 【练习3】用适当介词+关系代词填空 1. Do you like the book __________ she spent $10 2. Do you like the book _______________she paid $10 3. Do you like the book ___________she learned a lot 4. Do you like the book __________she often talks 5. He built a telescope ______________he could study the skies. 6. There is a tall tree outside,_______________ stands our teacher. 7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _________is the Yellow River. 8. The tower _______ people can have a good view is on the hill.

定语从句关系代词和关系副词辨析

先观察下面各句，尝试总结一下红色部分的用法。 Do you remember the days when / in which I stayed with you in the USA? 你还记得我和你在美国共度的那些日子吗？ 2) The factory where / in which he worked for twenty years is closing down. 他效力了20年的那个工厂倒闭了。 3) The reason why / for which he was late for school was that he didn’t catch the bus. 他之所以迟到，原因是没赶上公交车。 4) I have read the book in which you are interested. 我读了那本你感兴趣的书。 5) The man with whom I talked just now comes from Japan. 刚刚和我交谈的那个男人来自日本。 6) This is the book which she is looking for. 这就是她正在找的那本书。 小结归纳 ●when 通常放在表示时间的名词后引导定语从句，如句1）； ●where放在表示地点的名词后引导定语从句，如句2）； ●why经常放在reason的后面来引导定语从句，如句3）； ★当引导定语从句时，关系副词一般可以转化为“介词+ 关系代词”，即： when / where 可转化为on / in / at等+ which， why可转化为for which（在口语中可用that或省略），这也是定语从句中的一种常见现象。 ★需要特别注意的是此时介词后的关系代词不能用that，如句1）、2）、3） ★另外，指代先行词的关系代词which, whom在从句中作介词宾语时，可以把“介词+ 关系代词(which / whom)”一起放在先行词和从句之间，如句4）、5）；★但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面，如句6）。 **★关系代词that和which在定语从句中充当主语或宾语 ★关系副词when/ where/ why分别在定语从句中充当时间状语，地点状语和原因状语。例如： This is the house where/ in which we once lived. 这是我们曾经住过的房子 （Where相当于in the house 做地点状语） This is the house which/ that they built last year. 这是他们去年建的房子 （which/ that 指代house 做built 的宾语） I’ll never forget the days when/on which we stayed in Beijing. 我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子 （When相当于on the days 做时间状语，on the days “在这些日子”） I’ll never forget the days which we spent in Beijing.我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子（Which指代the days 做spent的宾语） That is the reason why/ for which she told a lie. 那就是她为什么撒谎的原因。 （Why相当于for the reason 做原因状语 That is the reason which was told by the boy. 那就是那个男孩说的原因。 （Which 指代the reason 做主语） 注意：★确立关系代词which/that或关系副词when/where/why的方法： 看定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语，如果缺少用which/ that； 如果不缺主语或宾语用when/where/ why.

定语从句中关系代词的用法

定语从句中关系代词的用法 在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词(定语从句所修饰的词)之后。定语从句由关系词来引导，关系词有关系代词和关系副词之分。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as等；关系副词有when，where，why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：1)引导定语从句；2)代替先行词；3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。如：The car which my unele had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake．句中which my uncle had just bought 是定语从句，修饰先行词the car；which是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the car，在定语从句中作宾语。 表一：关系代词的用法 表二：用which不用that的情况

表三：只用that不用which的情况(先行词是物) 表四：关于as引导的定语从句 2．有时候当先行词是表示时间、地点的词时，却不用when／where而用that／which引导。这时要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。如果是及物的就可用that(which)，否则可用where。 例如：I will remember the days that／which we spent together． 我会永远记住我们一起度过的日子。

This is the factory that／which you visited yesterday． 这就足你昨天参观的工厂。 3．way作先行词时，关系代词的使用： I don’t like the way(that／in which)he treats his parents． 我不喜欢他对待父母的方式。 4. that引导定语从句与名词性从句的不同： The news that he told us is true．(定语从句) 他告诉我们的新闻是真的。 The news that our team has won is encouraging．(同位语从句) 我们队胜利的消息真令人振奋。 That he has won the first prize surprised everybody．(主语从句) 他获得一等奖的消息令每一个人都惊奇了。 My idea is that you shut the factory．(表语从句) 我的观点就是你应该关闭这家工厂。 He said that he was going to leave．(宾语从句) 他说他打算离开这里。

定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法

“介词+关系词”的用法 1、关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时，关系代词只能用which 或whom。 如：The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. →The school in which he once studied is very famous. Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. →Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. →We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 2、关系副词when, where, why 和介词+which之间的关系。 关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。如：when=in/on/at…+which, where=in/on/at…+which, why=for+which 如：I won’t forget the date when( on which) I was born. This is the room where (in which) I lived. = This is the room which I lived in. I don’t know the reason why (for which) he hasn’t come today. Tom still remembers the days when (in which) they lived in Tianjin. 注意： 1). 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等 如：This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (√)This is the watch for which I am looking. (F) 2). 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose 如：The man with whom you talked is my friend. (√)The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (√) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F) 3).“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词如：He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 4). 把握“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的选用 介词的选择与主句中先行词的搭配密切相关。

定语从句之关系代词讲解(一)

定语从句(一) 1.概念：在主从复合句中，修饰句中某一名词或代词，充当这一名词或代词的定语的从句， 叫做定语从句。 2.先行词：在总从复合句中，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。 3.关系代词：即连接主句与从句的词。 4.关系代词包括：that(即可指人也可指物), which(只指物), who(只指人，宾格whom及所 有格whose) 5.主从复合句表现形式： e.g. I like the dress which (my mother bought for me). (我喜欢我妈妈给我买的那条裙子。) 先行词 主句从句 6.关系代词的用法 ①连接主句语从句 ②代替先行词 ③在从句中做成份(如：做主语，宾语等) 7.关系代词在从句中做宾语及主语成分举例 e.g. (王叔叔就是我昨天拜访的那个男的) 中国是一个有着久远历史的国家。) 8.关系代词引导的定语从句（在从句中做成分） ⑴which: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ①做主语：They planted the flowers which (didn't need much water). (他们种植了不需要太多水的花) ②作宾语：I will never forget the days which (I spent （我将永远不会忘记我与你的家人度过的那几天） ⑵who: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ①做主语：The teacher who ( （昨天去看我的那个老师是李先生。） ②作宾语：The girl who/whom (I talked with (我刚才与之讲话的那个女孩将要去北京。) ⑶whose: 在从句中做定语(主语可以是人，也可以是物)。 ①作定语(先行词为人)： (他就是那个他爸爸是医生的男孩) ②作定语(先行词为物): I want to buy the house whose (window face south). (我想买那个窗户面向南方的房子) ⑷that:可在从句中做主语，宾语(即可指人，也可指物)。 9.只用that不用which的情况。 ⑴被修饰的先行词为不定代词⑵先行词被极限词修饰 ⑶先行词被序数词修饰⑷先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰 ⑸先行词即有人又有物⑹主句是there be句型

介词加关系代词引导定语从句

“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式，这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which ,whom , whose ,它们既可以引导限定性定语从句，也可以引导非限定性定语从句。关系代词前该选用什么样的介词，要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定。 一．介词选择的主要标准 1.介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配 Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degreetowhichthey can be controlled on purpose.人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。( to a degree ) Thegentlemanaboutwhomyoutoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.你昨天告诉我的那个绅士被证明是个小偷。( tell sb. about sb./sth. ) TheEnglishplayi nwhichmystudentsactedattheNewYear’sparty was a great success.那场在新年晚会上我学生参加表演的英语剧很成功。( in the play ) Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessful in the jobsforwhichthey are being trained.学校本身承认，并不是所有的孩子都能在他们所接受的培训的职业成功。( be trainedfor the job ) 2.介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配 Who is the manwith whomour teacher is shaking hands?我们的老师与之握手的那个男士是谁？( shake hands with sb. ) Last month , part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods ,from3.介词与定语从句中的形容词构成一种习惯性的搭配 Ours is a beautiful country ,of whichwe are greatly proud .我们的国家是一个美丽的国家，我们为之感到很自豪。( be proud of )The womanto whomSpielberg is married is an actress.同斯皮尔伯格结婚的女人是一位演员。( be married to )

定语从句之关系代词讲解(一)

Where there is a will, there is a way. -----有志者，事竟成 定语从句(一) 1.概念：在主从复合句中，修饰句中某一名词或代词，充当这一名词或代词的定语的从句， 叫做定语从句。 2.先行词：在总从复合句中，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。 3.关系代词：即连接主句与从句的词。 4.关系代词包括：that (即可指人也可指物), which (只指物), who (只指人，宾格whom 及所有格whose ) 5.主从复合句表现形式： e.g. I like the dress which (my mother bought for me). ( 我喜欢我妈妈给我买的那条裙子。) 先行词 主句 从句 6.关系代词的用法 ①连接主句语从句 ②代替先行词 ③在从句中做成份(如：做主语，宾语等) 7.关系代词在从句中做宾语及主语成分举例 e.g. (王叔叔就是我昨天拜访的那个男的) 中国是一个有着久远历史的国家。) 8.关系代词引导的定语从句（在从句中做成分） ⑴ which: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ① 做主语：They planted the flowers which (didn't need much water). (他们种植了不需要太多水的花) ② 作宾语：I will never forget the days which (I spent （我将永远不会忘记我与你的家人度过的那几天） ⑵ who: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ① 做主语：The teacher who ( （昨天去看我的那个老师是李先生。） ② 作宾语：The girl who/whom (I talked with (我刚才与之讲话的那个女孩将要去北京。) ⑶ whose: 在从句中做定语(主语可以是人，也可以是物)。 ① 作定语(先行词为人)： He is the boy whose (father is a doctor). (他就是那个他爸爸是医生的男孩) ② 作定语(先行词为物): I want to buy the house whose (window face south). (我想买那个窗户面向南方的房子) ⑷ that :可在从句中做主语，宾语(即可指人，也可指物)。 9.只用that 不用which 的情况。 ⑴被修饰的先行词为不定代词 ⑵先行词被极限词修饰 ⑶先行词被序数词修饰 ⑷先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰 ⑸先行词即有人又有物 ⑹主句是there be 句型

定语从句关系代词的具体用法

锐思教育学科教师辅导教案 辅导科目: 英语学员姓名：年级: 学科教师：韩海霞课时数：第次课 授课主题定语从句中关系代词的具体用法 1，复习定语从句的基本结构和关系词的用法 教学目标 2，掌握定语从句中关系代词的具体用法 授课日期及时段 教学内容 一，导入 复习上节课的学习的定语从句的基本内容，关系词的选择以及做题方法。 1，定语从句的基本结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句（关系代词一般位于定语从句的句首） 2，关系词可以分为关系副词和关系代词： 关系副词共有三个，在定语从句中作状语。when 表示时间，在定语从句作时间状语；where 表示地点，在从句中作地点状语；why 表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词只有表示原因的reason 一词。 关系代词that 、which 、who 、whom 、whose 、as 的具体用法 人物主语宾语that √√√√ which ×√√√ who √×√√ whom √××√ whose 只能在从句中作定语，可以指人也可以指物。As 用在一些特定的结构中，as you know 3，选用关系词的做题方法，一“找”，二“还”，三“替换”。 一“找”：就是先把句子分为主句和从句两部分，再找出先行词和关系词。 二“还”：根据先行词提示的意思，大胆地把定语从句还原为完整的一句话。（可以添词） 三“替换”：用关系词替换定语从句中还原后添加的部分，作主语和宾语用关系代词，作状语用

关系副词。（时间状语用when ，地点状语用where, 原因状语用why ） 练习： 1，【2014 湖南】I am looking forward to the day C my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. A. as B. why C. when D. where 2，【2011 陕西】I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, B we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. A. which B. where C. who D. that 3，【2013 山东】Finally he reached a lonely island C was completely cut off from the outside world. A. when B. where C. which D. whom 二，关系词只能有that 的情况（关系副词不受以下规则影响） 考点一：先行词是anything, something, nothing, everything 等不定代词时 1，He never reads anything is not worth reading. A. which B. as C. who D. that 2【，2010 全国2】I refuse to accept the blame for something was someone else ’s fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what 考点二：先行词是all, much ，l ittle, none 或先行词被all, much, little, no, any 修饰时 3，【2014 陕西】Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position. A. that B. which C. as D. what 4，You can take any seat is free. A. that B. / C. which D. it 考点三：先行词被序数词的最高级以及the first, the last, the very, the only, the same 修饰时5，The most important thing D we should pay attention to is the first thing I have said. A. which; that B. that; which C. which; which D. that; that 6，It’s the third time C late this month.

(完整版)介词+关系代词练习

There are two teaching buildings stand ing in the both sides of our school. There are two teaching buildings which/that stand in the both sides of our school. 难点语法------定语从句 “介词＋关系代词”即“介词＋whom/which”的熟练使用 难点一、介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素 A.与先行词的搭配关系 1）I will never forget the day on which// when I joined the army. 2) I will never forget the days during which// when I worked in the school. 3) I will never forget the year in which// when my son went to college. before which// when most people had had supper. B. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯 1）Have you found the book for which I paid 29 US dollars? 2) Have you found the book on which I spent 29 US dollars? 3) Have you found the book from/in which we learnt a lot? 4) Have you found the book about which she often talks? 难点二、“介词＋whom/which”与“whom/which/that/…＋介词”的转换。 1）The chair on which she is sitting is made of wood. The chair (which/that) she is sitting on is made of wood. 2) Is this the book which you are looking for? 介词for不能与look分开。 难点三、way作先行词 1)The way(in which/that) he looks at the problems is wrong. 难点四、表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介词of, 有时可用whose转换。 1) There are 100 teachers in our school, of whom// among whom 60 are women teachers. 2) He has three children, two of whom work as teachers. He has three children. Two of them work as teachers. 3) That table has four legs, all of which are very short. 4) I’m painting a house, the roof of which is round. I’m painting a house whose roof is round. I’m painting a house. Its roof is round. 5) They live in a house, whose windows face south.