山东春季高考英语精华总结

春季高考英语

一、感叹句

( 一) 由what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：

1、“What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”。如：

What a lovely day it is! 多么美好的一天啊！

What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊！

2、“What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！”。如：

What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！

What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊！

3.“What ＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！”。如：What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！

What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊！

（二）由how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种：

1、“How ＋形容词＋a/an ＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”。（可数名词的单数）如：

How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！

2、“How ＋形容词/ 副词＋主语＋谓语！”。（不可数名词，可数名词的复数）如：How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！

How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！3.“How ＋主语＋谓语！”。

（特殊形式）如：

How time flies! 光阴似箭！

注意：

1、在感叹句中常见的不可

数名词fun 、weather、

music、progress、

information、news、work

advice.

2、由what 引导的感叹句

与由how 引导的感叹句的

转换，但句中部分单词的顺

序要有所变化。如：

How beautiful a girl she is!

＝What a beautiful girl she

is! （可数名词的单数）

What delicious cakes these

are! ＝How delicious these

cakes are! （可数名词的复

数）

What fine weather it is !=

How fine the weather is!(不

可数名词)

二、常考短语

1、Mean to do sth 打算做某

事

Mean doing…意味着……

2、Tell sb (not) to do sth告诉

某人（不要）去做某事。

3、Enjoy doing喜欢做……

Avoid doing 避免做……

4、Sb Spend…on…

某人在……上花费……

SB spend… (in) doing…

5、find it + adj +for sb + to do

sth

6、Would you like to help me

with it.

7、It's time for sb to do sth.

8、It's good idea to do sth.

9、have a day off.休假一天

day away离……还有多

少时间

I have only two days away.

我只剩3天了。

10、ill作表语，不作定语

sick既可以作表语，也可以

作定语

a sick person 一个生病的人

11、look forward to doing sth

期望做某事。

但是这道题例外，因为look

forward to 作定语修饰the

train.

例：The train I was looking

forward to arrived just now.

12、leave

(1).留下，放下。常与地点

介词短语连用。

(2)He left Beijing for

Shanghai.

(3)leave 是短暂性动词，它

的延续性动词是be away.

I have been away for a week.

三、used to do 表示过

去常常做某事，而现在往往

不做了i used to get up early

in the morning.

be used to doing 表示习惯

于做某事i am used to

eating rice .

be used to do表示...被用来

做某事Computers can be

used to do many things.电脑

可用来做许多事.

四、so that ; such that ;

too……to.

1.so只能修饰单数可数名词,

这个时候可以与such 互换.

例如：

so clever a boy = such a

clever boy

2.如果修饰可数名词的复数,

或不可数名词,就要用such.

如：

such clever boys (不能说so

clever boys)

such nice weather!(不能说so nice weather)

3.但如果碰到many, much, few, little这四个词,就必须用so

so many students

so much money

so few students

so little money

4. 从意思上看，too...to如此...以至于不能... so... that 如此...以至于...

从后面跟短语还是句子看that 后一般跟句子。

to 后跟短语,否定含义

如：他太小了不能上学，可以翻译成：

1. He is too young to go to school.

2. He is so young that he can't go to school.

四、whether和if都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用.如：

I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you. Ask him whether / if he can come.

但在有些情况下,whether和if的用法有一定区别.

1.whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用,而if一般不能.如：正：Let me know whether you can come or not.

误：Let me know if you can come or not.

2.当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用whether引导,而不能用if.如：

正：Whether it is true or not ,I can’t tell. 误：If it is true or not, I can’

t tell.

3.whether可以引导带to的

不定式,if则不能.如：

正：I don’t know whether to

accept or refuse.

误：I don’t know if to accept

or refuse.

4.whether及其引导的成分

可放于介词之后,作介词的

宾语,但if不能.如：

正：I worry about whether I

hurt her feelings.

误：I worry about if I hurt her

feelings.

五、need的用法

（1）肯定句时，是实义动

词

当主语是人的时候：need to

do 如I need to have a rest.

我需要休息

当主语是物的时候：need

doing 或者need to be done

的形式如The

clothes need washing. 这些

衣服需要洗

（2）只有在疑问或否定的

时候，need 作为情态动词，

才可接动词原形。

如Need you sit down?

He needn't sit down. 这

就是所谓的need do

六、考sorry 和thank you

的回答

--I'm sorry

--It doesn't matter

（never mind）

（never matter）

（that's all right）

--thank you

--you are welcome

（my pleasure）

（It's a pleasure）

sorry, thank you通用的是？

that's OK和not at all

七．Go ahead什么时候用

“May I ask you a question?”

“Yes, go ahead．”“我可以

问你一个问题吗?”“可以,

问吧!”

“May I start?”“Yes, go

ahead．”“我可以开始了吗?”

“行,开始吧.”

八．Good idea 什么时候用

常用的

What / How about doing …?

Would you like to …?

Shall we …?

Why not…？

I wonder if you’d like to …?

九．什么时候回答thank you

和the same to you.

1.和大家有关的节日需要回

答the same to you.

比如：五一快乐；周末快乐；

新年快乐；圣诞节快乐

2.和你有关的节日需要回答

thank you

比如：祝你生日快乐！

祝你成功！祝你旅途愉快！

恭喜你！

十、常考问候与应答

1、How are you? 或How

are you doing ?

Fine, thank you.

2. How is everything ? /

How are things ? / How is it

going ?

So-so / very well / Not bad.

Thank you / 等其它

3. What’s up ? / What’s

good news ?

Nothing much / nothing

special

十一、区别

in a moment 立刻，弹指之

间

for a moment 一会儿

for the moment 那时，那一刻

at the moment 此时，现在

十二、反义疑问句

1、常考的两个

She has seen it, hasn't she ? She has to…… doesn't she? 2、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom，nobody, nothing, barely, scarcely等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：

①She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesn’t she?)

她从不说谎，是吗？

②He was seldom late, was he?(不用wasn’t he?)

他几乎不迟到，是吗？

3、若为let’s引导，反问句用shall we?

若为let us引导和其余的任何一般的否定祈使句，都用will you, 例如

Let us stop to rest, will you? 让我们停下休息，好吗？Don’t make any noise, will you? 别弄出噪音，好吗？4、一般的肯定祈使句则用will you 或won’t you 都行Do sit down, won’t you?/ will you? 请坐，好吗？

5、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如：

①Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it?

电脑有问题了，是吗？

②Nothing has happened to them, has it? 他们什么事也没发生，是

吗？

6、陈述部分的主语为不定

代词somebody (someone),

anybody (anyone), nobody

(no one), everybody

(everyone)时，问句部分的

主语用he或they，这时问

句动词的数应和he或they

一致。如：

①Someone has taken the

seat, hasn’t he?

有人已经坐了位置，

是吗？

②Everyone has done

their best in the game,

haven’t they?

十三、问长相和工作

1、What is your father?你父

亲是做什么的?（问职业）

2、What does your father do?

你父亲是做什么的?（问职

业）

3、What does your father like?

你父亲喜欢什么?（问爱好）

4、What does your father

look like?你父亲长得怎么样?

（问长相）

5、What is your father like?

你父亲长得怎么样?(问长相）

十四、区别

1）the number of…表示

“……的数量”。作主语的

中心词时，谓语动词用单数

形式，后常跟large, small

等词作表语。如：

The number of the students

is very large in our school.

我们学校的学生数量非常

大。。

The number of the students

in our school is2000.我校的

学生人数是两千。

2）a number of表示“若干

的；；许多的”。起修饰作用，

相当于many或a lot of，

number前可以加small,

large词来表示程度。A

number of+ 复数可数名词

作主语时，其谓语动词用复

数形式。如：

A number of the students

are playing football. 许多学

生在踢足球。

十五、with pleasure 和my

pleasure的区别

1、my pleasure 用于回答

谢谢你……的句型。

比如：thank you 或者

thank you for

helping ……的句型。

2、with pleasure 用于回答

你愿意帮我吗……？的

句型。

比如：would you like

help me with it ?你愿意

帮我吗

或者Could you help

me ……？的句型

十六、你能把hard和hardly

这两个词的用法区分清楚

吗？下面就来考一考你，请

选用hard或hardly填空。

1. Lucy ____studies, but

her sister studies _______.

2. The work is very

_______ for me.

3. He _______goes to bed

before 11:00 in the evening.

4. Think ________, and

you will get an idea.

Keys: 1. hardly; hard 2.

hard 3. hardly 4. hard

上面的试题你都答对了吗？

那么，这两个词到底有何区

别呢？请看：

（一）hard既可作形容词又

可作副词：

1. 当hard用作形容词时，意为“困难的、坚固的、努力的”等。例如：

It’s hard for old people to change their ways. 老年人很难改变自己的行为方式。

Steel is harder than wood. 钢比木头硬。

2. 当hard用作副词时，意为“努力的、困难的、猛烈地”等。例如：

Does Tom work hard at his lessons? 汤姆学习努力吗？

It’s raining hard outside now. Don’t go out. 现在外面正下着大雨，不要出去。

（二）hardly只能用作副词，意为“几乎没有、几乎不”。例如：

I can hardly see anything on the blackboard. 我几乎看不见黑板上有什么东西。

My father hardly ever watches TV. 我爸爸几乎从不看电视

（三）补充：

1、当雨rain 作动词讲时，需要用副词修饰，这里的副词可以用：hard , heavily

但是千万别用hardly.

3、当雨作名词讲时，需要

用形容词来修饰，这里

的形容词可以用：hard,

heavy

十七、没有被动语态的词1. 没有被动语态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost, fit, have, suit等没有被动形式，另外，像happen = take place, break out(爆发)，break down(坏了)

result from(缘于)，belong to,

consist of等只用主动语态，

而不用被动语态

2. 不及物动词或动词短语

无被动语态: appear,

die ,disappear, end (vi. 结

束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit,

spread（传播）, stand, come

true, fall asleep, ...

3. 大多数系动词：be , feel

(摸起来)，sound(听起来)，

smell(闻起来)，taste（尝起

来），look(看起来)，等词

无被动语态，它们的主动形

式表示被动意义。

例：①The shirt feels very

soft. 这件衬衣摸起来很柔

软。

②Many changes have taken

place in our country.

十八、比较级前加the的特

殊用法

1)当要特指两者中“较

(更)…”时,比较级前通常要

带定冠词,此时可视为比较

级后省略了有关的名词或

代词one,即定冠词实为修

饰被省略的名词或代词one.

如：

Tom is the taller of the twins.

This dictionary is the more

useful of the two.在两本词

典中,这本更有用.

Mary was the more beautiful

of the two.玛丽是这两个人

当中较美丽的.

(2) 用于“the+比较级,the+

比较级”,表示“越…越…”.

如：The more, the better.越

多越好

The sooner, the better.越快

越好.（常考）

.注意：the fewer 修饰的是

可数名词，而the less 修饰

的是不可数名词。（比如

trouble）

例子：The more dangerous it

is, the more I like it.事情越

是危险我越喜欢.

The more you eat, the fatter

you will be.

The harder you work, the

better grades you will get.

十九、more的用法

1、数词+more+名词

=another+数词+名词，意思

是：再有几个，例如：I need

five more desks.= I need

another five desks.我还需要

五张桌子。

2、那么同理：再有一些，

some more+名词；再有几个，

用于肯定句。

而any more + 名词；再有几

个，用于否定句和疑问句。

3.a few more+可数名词；再

有一点：a little more +不可

数名词。

例如：我将在这里再呆上几

天。用a few more days.

二十、强调句结构

1、It is /was+ 被强调成分

(主语/宾语/状语等)

+that/who+句子的其他成分。

（it在这种句型中本身无实

际意义）

It was at home that Tom ate

an egg this morning .

2、用助动词“do（does／

did）＋动词原形”来表示强

调：(只能用于一般现在时和

一般过去时的肯定句中)

He does know the place

well．他的确很熟悉这个地

方。

Do write to me when you get there．你到那儿后务必给我来信。

He did come here yesterday. 昨天，他确实来这儿了。

二十一、时间表示方法

（1）直接读数字4：10 four ten ; 12:50 twelve fifty （2）分数不超过半小时的，用“分钟数+ past + 终点数”

4：25 twenty-five past four

9: 10 ten past nine

所以，past前面的时间一定小于等于30分钟。比如2：50就不能说成fifty past 2

（3）分数超过半小时的，用“（60-分钟数）+ to +下一个终点数”

2：45 fifteen to three

5:50 ten to six

所以，to前面的时间一定小于等于30分钟。(4) 整点+ o'clock. 半小时用half. 一刻钟用 a quarter.

总结：以后做题，凡是past 和to 前的分钟数大于半小时的都是错误选项。

二十二、分数/百分数-谓语动词

1、无论分数还是百分数，谓语动词都要看其后面的名词形式.

如果是可数名词复数,那就用复数形式；

如果是不可数名词或可数名词单数,那谓语就用单数形式.

2、但还有一个例外,就是分数或百分数后的名词如果是population, 则其谓语动词一般只用复数,尽管它是

不可数名词.

3、如:2/3 of the population

of China are farmers.

Two fifths of the land in that

district is covered with tress.

这里land不可数,因此谓语

用单数

Two fifths of the boys in the

class have finished the work.

这里boy可数,谓语使用复

数

二十三、区别

（1）sometimes的意思是

“有时”，是副词。例如：

Sometimes he comes by bike

and sometimes by bus. 他

有时骑车来，有时乘公共汽

车来。

（2）sometime也是副词，

意思是“在某个时候”。可

用于一般过去时与将来时。

例如：You can hand in your

homework sometime before

Friday. 你可以在周五前某

个时候交作业。

（3）some time是名词短语，

它的意思是“一段时间”。

例如：I'll be away for some

time. 我将离开一段时间。

（4）some times也是一个

名词短语，time在这里用作

可数名词，意思是“次数”。

some times的意思是“几次”。

例如：I have been to the

Great Wall some times. 我

去过长城几次。

二十四、区别

（1）have been in意思是在

某地待着,其实是用了延续

性动词之后的变化,所以有

时间段之类的词时要用它。

He has been in shanghai for

about three years.( 他在上

海待了三年)

（2）have been to 表示某人

曾经去过某地,现在在本地,

一般与短暂性动词搭配

He has been to shanghai

three times.（他曾经去过三

次上海)

（3）have gone to 表示某人

去了某地或在去某地的路

上,现在不在本地,也是与

短暂性动词搭配

---It must be lilei.那肯定是

李磊

---It can't be lilei, He has

gone to shanghai.那肯定不

是李磊,他已经去了上海.

二十五、常用的延续性动词

和迷惑人的短暂性动词（也

叫终止性动词）

延续性动词：keep, use, be

away, learn ……

短暂性动词：borrow, lend,

go , buy……

作文

一、一一对应作文

（一）就……而言……

as far as I am concerned = in my opinion

1. As for, As for Mary

2. as regards, As regards John

3. in terms of, In terms of Tom

4. with regard to, With regard to XiaoWang （二）……是适合的

be suitable for

be advisable for

be proper for

be satisfied with

（三）表递进关系的词besides, what's more, in addition

作文例子

Dear friends,

I wish you have a nice day. My task is to choose a suitable restaurant for you.(which restaurant is the choice for you.)

As for Mary, you want your parents to have some delicious seafood, So I select Resturant2 for you.原因如下：Its speciality is Sea Cucumber with Green Onion, and its fee(price) is about 80yuan.Besides, it's not expensive and near your university.

As regards John, Restaurant 1 is suitable(advisable proper) for you. Most of your classmates are from Sichuan, and they like hot food ,what's more, Resturant1 is a very famous Sichuan Cuisine restaurant.

In terms of Tom, Restaurant 3 is proper for you. Because your customer isn't used to Chinese food, and it's near port.

I hope you can be satisfied with my choice.

(I hope you will be satisfied with what I do)

Yours, sincerely

friend

初中英语语法知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .

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