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2013年无锡市某区初三一模考试试卷

2013年无锡市某区初三一模考试试卷
2013年无锡市某区初三一模考试试卷

2013届中考模拟考试(一)

语文试题卷2013.04注意事项:

1.本卷分试题和答卷两部分,所有答案一律写在答卷上,试题序号不要搞错。

2.全卷答案书写要工整,不要随便涂改。

3.本学科考试时间为150分钟,满分130分。

一、积累与运用(共l5分,每小题3分)

1.下列各组词语中读音和书写有错误的一项是()

A.倏.忽(shū)冥.思苦想(mínɡ)B.镌.刻(jūn) 不屑质.(zhì)辩

C.璀璨.(càn)跌宕.起伏(dànɡ) D.恣.情(zì) 呕.心沥血(ǒu)

2.在下列语境中,加点词运用最恰当的一句是()

A.只有意识到这一点,你才能深沉

..地了解我们战士的胸怀有多么宽广。

B.“中国好声音”经过激烈角逐,各个奖项已经水落石出

....。

C.好风景固然可以打动人心,但若得几个情投意合之人,相与徜徉

..其间,那才真有味。

D.农村的夏夜,虫儿呢喃,温柔醉人;繁星点点,光怪陆离

....。

3.对下面文段中加点词的解释有错误的一项是()

他日,驴一鸣,虎大骇,远遁,以为且噬.己也,甚恐。然往来视之,觉无异能者。益.习其声,又近出前后,终不敢搏。稍近益狎.,荡倚冲冒,驴不胜怒,蹄.之。虎因喜,计之曰:“技止此耳!”因跳踉大?,断其喉,尽其肉,乃去。

A.噬:吞噬B.益:逐渐

C.狎:态度亲近而不庄重D.蹄:用蹄子踢

4.在下面横线上填入文句,使之与上下文衔接最恰当的一句是()文字成为记录文化的有效工具是从意音文字开始的。美索不达米的钉头字、埃及的圣书字、中美洲的玛雅字、中国的汉字等都是意音文字。__________________。现在,绝大部分著名的意音文字都成为历史陈迹了,只有汉字,作为意音文字在今天的世界上巍然独存。

A.它们辉煌了很长一段时间,全都已经销声匿迹

B.使用这些文字的地区都是人类早期文化的发源地

C.意音文字后来被具有音节特点的拼音文字取代了

D.它们在各自的地区留下了早期文化的灿烂记录

5.今年全国两会,“中国梦”在各方发言中频频出现。代表委员们从不同角度谈了自己对“中国梦”的理解。以下理解最能概括三则发言内容的一句是()

①贵州省委书记赵克志:贵州同步小康,要更加注重老百姓的生活质量和真实感受,

建设一个不含水分、人民得实惠、老百姓认可、发展和环境相协调的全面小康社会。

②政协委员邱丽霞:我们国家经济发展太快,导致环境污染、能源紧缺。人民的幸

福,要靠绿色低碳的环境来保护,我们应该放缓脚步,注重发展的质量。

③来自农村基层的代表李连成:只有农民圆了梦,才能实现“中国梦”。对于农民而

言,就近上好学、就近看好病、就近找好工作,希望能享受到城市里的公共服务。

A.关注民生,关注发展质量是“中国梦”的重要组成内容。

B.“中国梦”的实现,有赖于每个城市“城市梦”的完成。

C.绿色低碳的环境是实现“中国梦”的重要保障。

D.实现“中国梦”,不能空谈,必须艰苦实干。

二、阅读与赏析(共49分)

(一)(12分)

①桓公自莒反于齐,使鲍叔为宰,辞曰:“臣,君之庸臣也。君加惠于臣,使不冻馁,则是君之赐也。若必治国家者,则其管夷吾乎。臣之所不若夷吾者五。”桓公曰:“夫管夷吾射寡人中钩,是以濒于死。”鲍叔对曰:“夫为其君动也。君若宥①之,其为君亦犹是也。”桓公曰:“若何?”鲍子对曰:“请诸鲁。”桓公曰:“施伯,鲁君之谋臣也,夫知吾将用之,必不予我矣。若之何?”鲍子对曰:“使人请诸鲁,曰:…寡君有不令之臣在君之国,欲以戮之于群臣,故请之。?则予我矣。”桓公使请诸鲁,如鲍叔之言。

②鲁庄公以问施伯,施伯对曰:“此非欲戮之也,欲用其政也。夫管子,天下之才也,所在之国,则必得志于天下。令彼在齐,则必长为鲁国忧矣。”庄公曰:“若何?”施伯对曰:“杀而以其尸授之。”庄公将杀管仲,齐使者请曰:“寡君欲亲以为戮,若不生得以戮于群臣,犹未得请也。请生之。”于是庄公使束缚以予齐使,齐使受之而退。

【注】:①宥(yǒu):宽恕。

6.下列句中的“于”与“欲以戮之于群臣”中的“于”意义和用法相同一项(2分) A.苛政猛于.虎也B.万钟于.我何加焉

C.每假借于.藏书之家D.刻唐贤今人诗赋于.其上

7.下列对选文理解不正确的一项是(2分)

A.齐桓公想让鲍叔做太宰,但鲍叔认为管夷吾更有治理国家的才华,因而向桓公力荐管夷吾。

B.管夷吾有一次曾差点暗杀了齐桓公,所以齐桓公耿耿于怀,不能原谅他。

C.施伯识破了齐国的用意,坚决反对将管夷吾送给齐国,足见其洞明局势的远见卓识。

D.鲁庄公虽有谋臣施伯为其出谋划策,但因为自身目光短浅,最终还是中了齐国的计。

8.解释下列句子中的加点词。(4分)

①桓公自莒反.于齐反:_______ ②君加惠.于臣惠:________

③使不冻.馁冻:_______ ④如.鲍叔之言如:_______ 9.翻译下列句子。(4分)

(1)此非欲戮之也,欲用其政也。(2分)

译:_______________________________________________________________ (2)于是庄公使束缚以予齐使,齐使受之而退。(2分)

译:______________________________________________________________

(二)(4分)

州桥

南宋范成大

州桥南北是天街,父老年年等驾回。

忍泪失声询使者,“几时真有六军来?”

【注】:州桥即北宋故都汴京(今河南开封)宫城南面的天汉桥。作者于乾道六年(1170)奉命出使金国经过此地,写下了这首诗。

10.阅读上面的诗歌,回答问题。(4分)

(1)诗歌中的“年年”“真有”透露了作者怎样的情感?(2分)

答:_____________________________________________________ (2)第三句中“忍泪失声询”这一细节描写的作用是什么(2分)

答:_____________________________________________________

(三)(4分)

①天宫一号是中国首个空间实验室的名称,它是中国为下一步建造空间站而研制的空间目标飞行器,实际上就是空间实验站的雏型。空间实验室名为“天宫”,是希望宇航员们在太空中生活的地方能与宫殿一样舒适。天宫一号的名字让人联想起中国古代四大名著之一《西游记》中的孙悟空大闹天宫。此外,“天宫”是中华民族对未知太空的通俗叫法。用天宫一号命名目标飞行器,能引起国人的共鸣。

②天宫一号空间实验室长约9米、最大直径3.35米、重量约8.5吨,采用两舱结构,分别是实验舱和资源舱。实验舱本体分为前锥段、圆柱段和后锥段;密封的前锥段和圆柱段为航天员短期驻留提供了在轨生活工作空间,可容纳3名航天员生活;后部非密封的后锥段安装再生生保设备;在前锥段前部还装有空间交会对接设备。资源舱则包括发动机和电源装置等,外部安置太阳翼,用于提供轨道与姿态控制、电力能源供应、热控环控。天宫一号目标飞行器将使用折叠式的5片太阳能电池板,这是中国中低轨道航天器最复杂的太阳翼设计。

③天宫一号升空之后将分别与神舟八号、神舟九号、神舟十号飞船对接,从而建立第一个中国空间实验室。

11.结合文章内容,说说“天宫一号”命名的意义。(2分)

答:_____________________________________________________

12.第②段主要采用了哪些说明方法?有何作用?(2分)

答:_____________________________________________________

(四) (5分)

精神的契约

①人来到这世间,作为社会的动物,是订有契约的:物质利益的来往,有法律的契约;行为生活的交往,有精神的契约。

②善,作为一种品质,并不仅仅是用来区别冷漠、奸诈、残忍、自私自利的标志,还是一种精神的契约。

③人生在世,谁都有可能遭遇危难和困境,谁都有可能成为弱者,如果我们在别人

危急的时候不援手,谁能担保自己不会吞咽孤立无援的苦果?一位名叫马丁·尼莫拉的德国新教牧师,曾在美国波士顿犹太人屠杀纪念碑上刻了一首短诗:在德国,起初他们追杀共产主义者,我没有说话,因为我不是共产主义者;接着他们追杀犹太人,我没有说话,因为我不是犹太人;后来他们追杀工会成员,我没有说话,因为我是新教教徒;最后他们奔我而来,再也没有人站出来为我说话了。这正是背弃精神契约的最终结局。而身患癌症的董明海,偶然从蛇口中救下了一只胡子蛙,从此就获得了这种濒危动物的“青睐”,不仅掌握了这种珍稀动物的第一手材料,而且复诊病情,癌细胞居然消失了。善产生了巨大的正能量,在改造精神的同时,改善了人体的机能,创造出匪夷所思的奇迹。

④人心只有向善,才能被阳光照耀,所以善的契约才在世界普遍存在。懂得珍惜这种契约的人是高贵的。把这种契约付诸行动的人是明智的。

13.文中作者阐述的主要观点是什么。(2分)

答:_____________________________________________________

14.试分析第③自然段的论证过程。(3分)

答:_____________________________________________________

(五)(14分)

握一把苍凉

(台湾司马中原)

①我和中国恋爱过,一片碎瓦,一角残砖,一些在时空中消逝的人和物,我的记忆发酵成深入骨髓的恋情,一声故国,喷涌的血流已写成千百首诗章。

②浮居岛上三十余年,时间把我蚀成家宅那面斑驳的粉壁,让年轻的你把它当成一幅幅奇幻的画来看,有一座老得秃了头的山在北国,一座题有我名字的尖塔仍立在江南。我的青春是一排蝴蝶标本,我的记忆可曾飞入你的幻想?

③恋爱不是一种快乐,青春也不是。如果你了解一个人穿过怎样的时空老去,你就能仔细品味出某种特异的感觉,在不同时空的中国,你所恐惧的地狱曾经是我别无选择的天堂。我在稿纸上长夜行军的时刻,我多疾的老妻是我携带的背囊,我唱着一首战歌,青春,中国的青春,但在感觉中,历史的长廊黑黝黝的,中国恋爱着你,连中国也没有快乐过。

④忧患的意识就是这样生根的,我走过望不尽天边的平野,又从平野走向另一处天边;天辽野阔,扫一季落叶烧成在火中浮现的无数的人脸,悲剧对于我是一种温暖。而一把伞下旋出的甜蜜柔情,只是立于我梦图之外的幻影。但愿你懂得,皱纹是一册册无字的书,需要用心灵去辨识,去憬悟。恋爱可能是一种快乐,青春也是。但愿我的感觉得到你的感觉的指正。你是另一批正在飞翔的蝴蝶。

⑤一夜我立在露台上望月,回首数十年,春也没春过,秋也没秋过,童稚的真纯失却了,只换得半生白白的冷。一刹间,心中浮起人生几度月当头的断句来,刻骨相思当真催人老去么?中国,我爱恋过的人和物,土地和山川,我是一茎白发的芦苇,犹自劲立在夜风中守望,而这里的秋空,没见鸿雁飞过。

⑥把自已站立成一季的秋,从烟黄的旧页中,竟然捡出一片采自江南的红叶,时光是令人精神错乱的迷雾,没有流水和叶面的题诗,因此,我的青春根本缺少“红叶题诗”的浪漫情致,中国啊,我的心是一口生苔的古井,沉黑幽深,满涨着垂垂欲老的恋情。

⑦一个雨夜,陪老妻找一家名唤“青春”的服装店,灯光在雨雾中炫射成带芒刺的光球,分不清立着还是挂着。妻忘了带地址,见人就问:“青春”在哪里?被问的人投以诧异的眼神———对霜鬓的夫妇,竟然向他询问青春?后来我们恍然,凄凉地对笑起来,仿佛在一霎中捡取童稚时的疯和傻。最后终于找着那间窄门面的店子,玻璃橱窗里,挂满中国古典式的服装,猜想妻穿起它们来,将会有些戏剧的趣味。若说人生如戏,也就是这样了,她的笑瞳里竟也闪着泪光。三分的甜蜜,竟有着七分的苍凉。我们走过的日子,走过的地方,恍惚都化成片片色彩,图案出我们共同爱恋过的事物。中国不是一个名词,但愿你懂得,我们不是庄周,精神化蝶是根本无需哲学的。

⑧握一把苍凉献给你,在这不见红叶的秋天,趁着霜还没降,你也许还能觉出一点我们手握的余温吧!

15.试分析第④段画线句在文中的含义。(3分)

答:_____________________________________________________

16.第⑤段画线句“我是一茎白发的芦苇,犹自劲立在夜风中守望,而这里的秋空,没见鸿雁飞过。”采用了什么修辞手法?有什么表达效果?(3分)

答:_____________________________________________________

17.你怎样理解第⑦段作者和老妻“雨夜”找服装店的故事?(4分)

答:_____________________________________________________

18.文末“握一把苍凉献给你”寄寓作者怎样的情感?(4分)

答:_____________________________________________________

(六)(10分)

19.根据课文默写。(10分)

①,可以为师矣。(《论语》八则)

②迢迢牵牛星,。(《古诗十九首》)

③,寒光照铁衣。(《木兰诗》)

④荷叶罗裙一色裁,。(王昌龄《采莲曲》)

⑤田家少闲月,。(白居易《观刈麦》)

⑥中庭地白树栖鸦,?(王建《十五夜望月》)

⑦移舟水溅差差绿,________________。(郑谷《荷叶》)

⑧________________,在乎山水之间也。(欧阳修《醉翁亭记》)

⑨爱惜芳心莫轻吐,。(元好问《同儿辈赋未开海棠》)

⑩夕阳西下,。(马致远《天净沙秋思》)

三、表达与交流(共66分)

(一)(6分)

20.阅读下面的文字,完成题目。(6分)

某公司到人才市场招聘时,应聘者很多,但招聘单位却只留给应聘者一个座位。在应聘者抢占座位做准备时,一位叫张媛媛的大学生却几次主动让座,让别人先面试。到她面试时,公司面试者对她的条件虽然满意,但认为她过于谦让,不适合到销售部工作,公司更需要“锐意进取”的员工。

如果你是公司面试者,你会录取张媛媛吗?请谈谈你的看法。要求:(1)要有明确

(二)作文(60分)

21.(60分)

钱钟书认为:人生如围城,城外的人想冲进去,城里的人想冲出来。当今社会,小到个人,大到国家,“围城”无处不在:或与亲人的隔膜,或与朋友的纷争,或学习上的困惑,或生活中的失意……有“围城”就会有“突围”。你对“突围”有什么经历、看法?

请以“突围”为题,写一篇文章。

要求:

(1)要写生活中你自己的事,也可发表你自己的看法。

(2)如出现校名、人名,一律用“X X X”代替。

(2)文体自定,诗歌除外。

(3)字数不少于600字。

2017年中考英语一模试题

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