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八年级英语下册介词复习知识讲解

介词复习

常用介词介绍

（一）表示时间的介词：

1．at, n, in

(1) at表示“在某一时刻、某一时间点”

at :30在:30at sunrise 日出时at lunh 午饭时

at nn正午时at night 夜间

I get up at 6:00 ever da 我每天6:00起床。

表示“在……岁”时用at the age f…。

如：at the age f five 在五岁时

(2) n表示“在具体某一天或某天的上、下午”。如：

n nda在星期一n April 1st在四月一日

I heard a sht n the rning f arh 18三月十八日早晨我听到一声枪响。

泛指上、下午、晚上、夜间时用in the rning/afternn/evening, at night；但若指具体某一天的上述时段时，则一律用n。

如：n the afternn f a 23 在五月二十三日下午

(3) in表示“在某月、季节、年、世纪”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。

in Septeber在九月in inter在冬季

in 1999 在1999年in the 20th entur在20世纪

in the rning/afternn/evening 在上午/下午/晚上

2．fr, during, thrugh

(1) fr表示“一段时间”，后接与数词连用的时间名词。多与完成时连用。

I’ve been a sldier fr ears我入伍已年了。

She has been ill fr several das 她已经病了几天了。

表示“持续一段时间”时，fr后面必须跟“数字+时间名词”，而during后决不可接数字。

(2) during表示“在……期间”

He visited an nie plaes during his sta here在他逗留期间他参观了许多美丽的地方。

hat did u d during the suer vaatin? 你在暑假做了什么？

(3) thrugh表示“一直……，自始至终”

The red hard thrugh the inter整个冬天他们都在努力工作。

She treated e lie her brther thrugh these ears 这些年她始终把我当哥哥对待。

3．fr, sine

(1)fr 作“从……”解，多用于“fr…t/till…”中。

u an e antie fr nda t Frida 周一至周五你什么时间都行。

The exa ill start fr 9:00a 考试将从上午九点开始。

①fr“从……（开始）”未必持续到现在，如：

fr 199 t 1998从199年到1998年。

而sine是指“自从……以一直持续到现在”

②sine一般只与现在完成时连用，而fr不受此限。

(2) sine表示“自从……以（直到现在）”

He has been aa fr he sine 1973他自从1973年就离开了家乡。

e have nn eah ther sine ten ears ag我们十年前就认识了。

fr与sine表示一段时间，但fr与时间段连用，而sine与时间点连用。

如fr t hurs（持续）两小时；sine last ee自从上周直到现在

4．befre, b, till, until

(1) befre指“在……之前”

Please e befre ten ’l请10点以前。

The eeting ill end after 3:00 p会议将在下午三点后结束。

表示“在……以前”时，befre与b基本可通用。但b还有“截至……为止”之意，此时可与完成时连用，而befre一般不与完成时连用。如：

H an dels have u ade b the end f last nth?

截至上月底你做了多少个模型？

(2) b指“不迟于，到……时为止，在……以前”

I ust finish her b lunh午饭前我必须做完作业。

e had learned ver 1000 rds b the end

f last ter

到上学期末为止，我们已经学了1000多个单词了。

(3) tell (until) “直到……为止”

u ust ait fr hi till trr你必须一直等他到明天。

He didn’t e ba until telve ’l last night他昨晚到12点才回。

在肯定句中，till (until)必须与延续动词连用。若与点动词连用，till (until)只能用于否定句中。

．after,in,ithin

①after表示“在……之后”，是befre的反义词。

e’ll hld a part after dinner晚餐后我们将举办晚会。

He gt a aner and died after a ear他患了癌症，一年后去世了。

I’ll phne u after I arrive到达后我给你打电话。（after作连词）

②ithin“在……时间之内”

I an finish it ithin an hur我不需一小时就可把它做完。

③in“在……时间之后”

I’ll arrive in an hur我一小时后到达。

比较after与in

①after后可跟时间段，也可跟时间点，如after shl（放学后），

而in后必须跟一段时间，如in an hur（一小时后）。

②after既可用于将时，也可用于过去时，而in只能用于将时。

③after既可作介词，又可作连词，而in只能作介词

in与ithin后都必须跟时间段。

（二）表示“地点、方向”的介词：

1．in，utside，beteen, ang

①in表示“在……里面”，如：

hat’s in the bx? 盒子里是什么？

She put her b in the des 她把书放进了书桌。

②utside指“在……外面”

There are an peple utside the r房间外有很多人。

hat did ur see utside the hall? 你在大厅外看见了什么？

③beteen在……之间（指二者）

There is a hspital beteen the htel and the pst ffie在宾馆与邮局之间有所医院。

The building stands beteen the par and the sall river 那栋建筑位于公园和小河之间。

beteen是指“在两者之间”，而ang指“在多个之间”。

④ang在……之间（指三者以上）

“There is a thief ang u” The pliean shuted t the rd

警察向人群喊道：“你们中间有个小偷！”

He fund his plae ang the rd 他在人群中找到了他的位置。

2．n, abve, ver, bel, under

(1) n在……上面，表面相互接触。

There is an apple n the table 桌上有一个苹果。

n the tp f the hill, there is a flag 顶有一面旗子。

(2) abve只表示“在……上方或位置高出……”，与bel相对。

A plane fle abve ur heads一架飞机从我们头上飞过。

The Turners live abve us 特纳一家人住在我们的上面。

(3) ver“在……正上方”，与under相对。

There is a bridge ver the river河上有一座桥。

The piture is hanging ver the blabard 那张图挂在黑板的正上方。

(4) bel在……下方，低于……

There are an flers bel the ind窗下有很多花。

Her sirt reahes ust bel her nees她的裙子刚到膝盖下。

() under在……正下方

The sat under a big tree, drining他们坐在一棵大树下喝酒。

hat are u earing under ur at? 你外套里面穿了什么？

3．near, b, beside

(1) near在……附近，与far相对

A hspital as built near the raila statin在火车站附近建了一所医院。he is near the shl 我的家离学校很近。

(2) b = beside,靠近，在……旁边，比near距离更近

He ust sat b/ beside e in the inea在电影院他就坐在我旁边。

He la dn beside the statuar 他在雕像旁躺下了。

4．in frnt f, behind, arund

(1) in frnt f在……前面

A river fls in frnt f the huse房子前有一条河

The put a bunh f flers in frnt f the dr 他们在门前放了一束花。

in the frnt f表示“在……前部”，指里面。

There is a red hair in the frnt f the r在房间前半部有把红椅子。

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