英语1

Unit 1 Women of achievement

Ⅰ. 听录音，根据所听内容选择正确答案

听第1～4 段对话，分别完成第1～4题

1. Why won’t they take a taxi?

A. It’s too early.

B. It’s too late.

C. The traffic is heavy.

2. What can we learn about the woman?

A. She is in London.

B. She probably doesn’t like rain.

C. She likes rain.

3. What is the man worried about?

A. His English exam.

B. His Spanish exam.

C. The English grammar.

4. Where do you think the conversation takes place?

A. At the post office.

B. In a hotel.

C. In a shop.

听第5段对话，完成第5和第6题

5. What will they do on Saturday night?

A. Have a picnic.

B. Dance in the home of Mark and Mary’s.

C. Have dinner with Mark and Mary.

6. What time will they go to see the movie?

A. On Sunday evening.

B. On Sunday afternoon.

C. On Saturday evening.

Ⅱ. 听录音，根据所听内容补充所缺信息

The Party

Time: __________ on __________

Address: __________ , Randwick

Ⅲ. 单项选择，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子

1. Many a boy and many a girl in our class ________ the Internet in their spare time.

A. enjoy surfing

B. enjoys to surf

C. enjoy to surf

D. enjoys surfing

2. The professor as well as two of his assistants ________ present at the meeting last week.

A. were

B. had

C. was

D. would be

3. When I was waiting for the bus, I ________ an old friend in my middle school.

A. came up

B. came over

C. came across

D. came out

4. Here ________ some paper and two pencils for you.

A. are to be

B. is

C. have

D. has

5. Either you or Jim ________ sent to France for a language training programme.

A. are

B. have been

C. is to be

D. has

6. It was all ________ to attend the training course since we learned a lot from it.

A. worth

B. worthwhile

C. worthy

D. valuable

7. He has joined the football team ________ all famous footballers.

A. which are

B. who is

C. which is

D. who are

8. The man ________ as “a crazy guy” is actually the boss of our company.

A. referred to

B. who referred to

C. referring to

D. who has referred

9. The song writer and music composer ________ to show up at the press conference next week.

A. are going

B. is going

C. will be

D. are

10. ________ we will have to change our plan and walk to town since there is no bus service

available at this moment.

A. Chance is that

B. A chance is that

C. The chance is that

D. The chances are that

11. This means ________ back to the place where we left the chimp family sleeping in a tree the

night before.

A. to go

B. going

C. to have gone

D. being going

12. ________ yourselves, boys. Don’t be naughty.

A. Act

B. Do

C. Enjoy

D. Behave

13. This dictionary is intended ________ the students in Senior High School.

A. for

B. to

C. as

D. in

14. It was yesterday ________ I bought this dress in a shop nearby.

A. when

B. which

C. that

D. where

15. Nowadays children devote too much ________ computer games.

A. to play

B. to playing

C. for play

D. for playing Ⅳ. 用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成下面的句子

1. This area ______________ drinking water since the earthquake shook it last month.

2. If you go on ______________ the school rules, you will one day get into trouble.

3. I ______________ to call on him after work, but I was given some extra work to do.

4. When are you ______________ to Tibet during your summer vacation?

5. They couldn’t ______________ the price of the dress, so the customer decided not to buy it. Ⅴ. 根据所给的汉语提示及重点词语将下列句子译成英语

1. 如今的华人不再像过去那样遭到外国人的歧视。(look down upon)

_________________________________________________________________________ 2. 在非洲，许多儿童仍过着悲惨的生活。( lead a … life)

__________________________________________________________________________ 3. 杰克不得不夜以继日地工作来养活他的家人。(support)

__________________________________________________________________________ 4. 据说这位知名导演最新影片的灵感是来自于他的西藏之旅。(inspire)

__________________________________________________________________________ 5. 她不喜欢出席宴会。因为在公共场合，她经常举止无措。(behave)

__________________________________________________________________________ Ⅵ. 完形填空

The story goes that some time ago, a man punished his 3-year-old daughter for wasting a roll of gold wrapping paper. Money was 1 and he became very angry when the child tried to decorate a 2 to put under the Christmas tree.

However, the little girl brought the gift to her father the next morning and said, “This is for you, Daddy.” The father was embarrassed (尴尬) by his earlier 3 , but he got angry again when he found the box was 4 . He yelled at her, “D on’t you know that when you

give someone a 5 , there’s supposed to be something inside it?” The little girl looked

6 at him with tears in her eyes and said, “O h, Daddy, it is not empty. I blew kisses into the box. All for you, Daddy.”The father’s face became

7 . He put his arms around his little girl, and he begged for her

8 .

It is told that the man 9 that gold box by his bed for years and 10 he was discouraged, he would take out a (an) 11 kiss and remember the love of the child who had put it there.

In a very real 12 , each of us as humans have been given a gold container 13 with unconditional love and kisses from our children, friends, and family. There is no 14 precious possession（财产）anyone could 15 .

1. A. tight B. enough C. loose D. rich

2. A. box B. doll C. book D. vase

3. A. discouragement B. consideration C. overreaction D. unhappiness

4. A. empty B. full C. decorated D. broken

5. A. hand B. flower C. lesson D. present

6. A. down B. up C. away D. round

7. A. blue B. yellow C. green D. red

8. A. understanding B. forgiveness C. encouragement D. agreement

9. A. kept B. put C. locked D. had

10. A. whatever B. however C. wherever D. whenever

11. A. actual B. imaginary C. valuable D. important

12. A. world B. society C. sense D. family

13. A. full B. filled C. filling D. emptied

14. A. more B. less C. any D. much

15. A. win B. hold C. buy D. share

Ⅶ. 阅读理解，根据短文内容选择最佳答案

（A）

A large number of women in Western European countries wish that they were born men. The number is said as high as 60% in West Germany.

“Women often wish that they had the same chance as men have, and believe it is still a men’s world,” said Dr James Holden, one of the scientists who did the study.

Anne Harper has a very good job for an international oil company. She also believes in “Women’s Liberation”. “I don’t wish that I were a man,”she says. “And I don’t think many women do. But I do wish that people would stop looking down upon us women. At work, for example, we often do the work that men do but get paid less. There are still a lot of jobs that are usually the best ones and open only to men. If you’re a man, you have a much better chance of leading an exciting life. How many women pilots are there or engineers or scientists?”

1. A lot of women in _____ wish that they were born men.

A. European countries

B. the West

C. West Europe

D. Germany

2. “It is still a men’s world.” means _____.

A. there’re more men than women in the world

B. there’re more men scientists or engineers than women in the world

C. women cannot live without men

D. women have not been given the same chance as men

3. Anne Harper considers that women should _____.

A. be really liberated

B. live a better life

C. be well paid

D. get better jobs than men

4. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Usually the best jobs are not open to women.

B. Women are less paid than men for the same job.

C. There’re more men pilots, engineers and scientists than women.

D. Women are looked down upon because they’re the second-class citizens（二等公民）.

（B）

Agnes Miller was one of the earliest leaders of the Women’s Liberation Movement in the United States. She was born on a farm in Missouri in 1892. Strangely enough she had a very happy life as a child. She was the only daughter and the youngest child of five. Her parents and her brothers always treated her as their favourite.

In 1896 the family moved to Chicago. Three years later they moved back to St Louis where

Agnes spent the rest of her childhood. She enjoyed her years in school and was an excellent student of mathematics. She also was quite skillful as a painter.

It was when Agnes went off to college that she first learned that women were not treated as equals. She didn’t like being treated unequally but she tried not to notice it. After graduating from college she tried to get a job in her major field—physics. She soon found it was almost impossible for a woman.

Agnes spent a full year looking for a job. Finally she gave up in anger. She began writing letters of anger to various newspapers. An editor in New York liked her ideas very much. He specially liked her style. He asked her to do a series of stories on the difficulties that women had in finding a job. And there she began her great fight for equal rights for women.

5. How many children did Mr Miller and Mrs Miller have?

A. 1.

B. 3.

C. 4.

D. 5.

6. Where did Agnes spend her childhood?

A. Missouri.

B. Chicago.

C. New York.

D. St Louis and Chicago.

7. At school, Agnes was good at _____.

A. physics and painting

B. maths and painting

C. writing and maths

D. physics and writing

8. What happened in Agnes’ life when she was in college?

A. She learned to accept the fact that men and women were unequal.

B. She learned that it was impossible for a woman to be a scientist.

C. She came to know of the inequality between men and women.

D. She developed her personal way of writing.

Ⅷ. 书面表达

二班的同学进行了一场有关英语学习的讨论。讨论的题目是：学习英语要不要从儿童时期开始？请你根据表中的内容写一篇短文，介绍讨论的情况。

注意：1. 文章的起始句已给出。

2. 词数100左右（不包括已给的起始句）。

3. 参考词汇：foundation 基础Chinese pinyin 汉语拼音

The students of Class 2 have a discussion about whether it is necessary to start learning English from childhood. ___________________________________________________________

听力材料及参考答案

Ⅰ. 听录音，根据所听内容选择正确答案

听第1～4段对话，分别完成第1～4题

1. M: Shall I take a taxi or a bus to the meeting?

W: We’d better take a bus. It’s almost impossible to find a taxi during the rush hour.

2. W: Just listen to the rain!

M: Welcome to Vancouver.

W: I thought it wasn’t supposed to rain here in June.

3. M: I’m really worried about my Spanish exam tomorrow.

W: What’s wrong with you?

M: Well, the grammar, I’m afraid.

4.M: May I use the phone in my room for long-distance calls?

W: Well, we prefer our customers to use our public phone in the hall for long-distance calls. M: Thanks a lot.

听第5段对话，完成第5和第6题

5. M: Do you have any plans for the weekend?

W: Well, do you want to have a picnic in the park on Saturday?

M: That’s a good idea. We can ride our bikes for a while too.

W: Then there’s a party．

M: Party? What party?

W: Have you forgotten that Mark and Mary invited us for dinner on Saturday night?

M: I have forgotten. What time do you think we can get home?

W: Probably late. Mary wants to go out after dinner to a place where we can dance.

M: Then we’ll sleep all day on Sunday.

W: Oh, not all day. Don’t you have something special that you want to do on Sunday?

M: We talked about going to that new movie.

W: Oh, yes! We can go in the evening. There are some new paintings in the museum that I want

to take a look at in the afternoon.

M: It sounds like a busy weekend.

W: Our weekends are always busy. But that’s why I like New York—there is always so much to do!

1. C

2. B

3. B

4. B

5. C

6. A

Ⅱ. 听录音，根据所听内容补充所缺信息

M: H i, Linda. I’m glad I’ve caught you.

W: Hi, Chris.

M: I’m having a party this Saturday. I’ve just moved into a new flat. We’re starting at about 5:30.

Can you come?

W: I’d like to. Thanks.

M: Here is my address.

W: Thanks. Church Street, Randwick.

M: The party will start at 5:30 pm.

W: I won’t forget, and I’ll be there on time.

M: See you then.

W: Bye.

5:30pm, Saturday, Church Street

Ⅲ. 单项选择，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子

1. D

解析：当两个并列的名词前有each，every，many a等修饰语时，谓语动词用单数形式。另外，enjoy要接动词-ing形式作宾语。

2. C

解析：当主语后面接补充说明主语的修饰语，如with，along with，as well as，like，but，except，including，in addition to等时，谓语动词不受后面修饰成分的影响，仍然保持同主语一致的关系。所以该题的谓语动词与professor保持一致并使用单数形式。由last week 可知发生在“上周”，故选择一般过去时态。

3. C

解析：该题考查短语的辨析。①come up表示“升起；(问题等)被提到，被讨论”。②come

over意思是“短暂造访”。③come across意思是“偶然遇到”。④come out意思是“开花；出版；出现；被获知”。本句的意思是“在我等车的时候碰到了一位中学时的老朋友”，故选C。

4. B

解析：由there或here引导的句子，主语不止一个时，谓语动词应该与邻近的名词或代词保持数的一致。这里应该与paper(不可数名词)保持一致，故使用单数。另外there和here 的后面不使用have, 动词have一般表示“某人或某物有……”。

5. C

解析：当either… or，neither … nor，或not only … but also连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与邻近的名词或者代词保持一致。该题邻近谓语的是Jim, 所以使用单数且为被动语态。be to do表示“打算；(按照计划或安排)即将做某事”。

6. B

解析：此题考查近义词用法辨析。①worth常用于be worth sth / doing sth。②worthwhile 用于be worthwhile doing / to do sth。③而worthy的用法是be worthy to be done或be worthy of being done。④valuable意为“有价值的，值钱的”。根据句义“参加这个训练课是值

得的”，故选B。

7. D

解析：集体名词group，team，class，family等作主语时，如果强调的是整体，谓语动词用单数；如果强调个体成员，谓语动词用复数。该题根据后面all famous footballers可以判定这里强调的是“个体成员”，所以用复数。另外，先行词team在这里指“人”，定语从句应该用who来引导。

8. A

解析：过去分词短语充当后置定语修饰the man。refer to表示“提到，谈及”。本句的意思是“那个被称作‘一个疯狂的家伙’的人实际上是我们公司的老板”，故选A。

9. B

解析：and连接两个在意义上指同一个人、物或概念或由两个部件组成的物体时，谓语动词习惯上用单数。如：Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. 早睡早起是个好习惯。该题当中的词作者和曲作家是同一个人，所以谓语动词用单数。试比较：The song writer and the music composer are going to show up at the press conference next week.

10. C

解析：该题考查固定句型。我们可以使用Chances are that …或The chance is that …来表示“有可能……”。

11. B

解析：mean doing sth意思是“意味着要做某事”。

12. D

解析：固定短语behave oneself意思是“表现良好，行为良好”。

13. A

解析：intend for…供……使用；本句的意思是“这本词典专供高中的学生使用”。

14. C

解析：考查强调句，结构是It is/was+强调的内容＋that＋句子的其他部分。判断是不是强调句，可以通过把强调部分放回句子中，看该句是否完整，如果不缺成分那就是强调句。

15. B

解析：动词结构devote… to …中的to是介词，所以后面需要接名词或者动名词。

Ⅳ. 用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成下面的句子

1. has been short of

2. ignoring

3. had intended

4. moving off

5. agree about

Ⅴ. 根据所给的汉语提示及重点词语将下列句子译成英语

1. Nowadays, the Chinese are no longer looked down upon by foreigners as they used to be.

2. In Africa, many children are still leading a miserable life.

3. Jack has to work day and night to support his family.

4. It is said that the latest film of this famous director was inspired by his trip to Tibet.

5. She doesn’t like to go to parties, because she doesn’t know how to behave in public.

Ⅵ. 完形填空

1. A

解析：这里的tight表示“（时间或金钱）不宽裕；拮据的”。

2. A

解析：根据第二段第三行的提示，这里应该选择box。

3. C

解析：该题综合考查词缀知识和上下文语境的把握。根据词缀知识可以推断overreaction 表示“反应过激；失态”，正好符合上文的… punished his 3-year-old daughter for wasting a roll of gold wrapping paper.

4. A

解析：根据下文提示“…there’s supposed to be something inside it?”，这里应该选择empty。

5. D

解析：文章是围绕“礼物”展开的。

6. B

解析：3岁大的女儿当然只能“抬头”看着爸爸，所以选择up。

7. D

解析：父亲再次错怪了女儿，所以感到羞愧，会脸“红”。

8. B

解析：这时父亲企求得到女儿的“原谅和宽恕”，所以选择forgiveness。

9. A

解析：这位父亲一直“保留”着那个盒子，句中出现了for years，所以这里需要用延续性动词，选择kept。

10. D

解析：四个选项只有D符合句义，表示“无论何时他感到气馁时”。

11. B

解析：女儿是向盒子里吹进去很多个吻，所以应该选imaginary（幻想的，想象中的）。12. C

解析：这里sense表示“意义，含义”，in a very real sense表示“真实的意义上来讲”。13. B

解析：be filled with是固定搭配，表示“充满，装满”，也可以说be full of。

14. A

解析：根据下文“没有比这更加珍贵的财产”，所以选择more。

15. B

解析：动词hold在此表达的意思是“拥有”，相当于own。

Ⅶ. 阅读理解，根据短文内容选择最佳答案

1. C

解析：细节题。由第一段第一句可知答案是C。

2. D

解析：由第二段可知，妇女希望她们能和男性有一样的机会，所以正确答案是D。

3. A

解析：由第三段可以推断出她觉得妇女需要真正的解放，故选A。

4. D

解析：由第三段可知A，B和C都是正确的，只选项D是错误的。

5. D

解析：细节题。由第一段倒数第二句可知家里有5个孩子，所以选项D是正确的。

6. D

解析：细节题。由第二段前两句可知Agnes度过童年的地方是芝加哥和圣路易斯。

7. B

解析：细节题。由第二段第三句和第四句可知她擅长的科目是数学和美术，故选B。

8. C

解析：由第三段可知选项C符合文章，其他三个选项与文章不符。

Ⅷ. 书面表达

参考范文：

The students of Class 2 have a discussion about whether it is necessary to start learning English from childhood. Some of them think that English learning should start from childhood. As little boys and girls have a very good memory, they can learn a lot of English words by heart. This will help them lay a solid foundation for their future English learning. But others do not agree. Young children have to learn Chinese pinyin at school. If they study Chinese pinyin and English at the same time, it will be very easy for them to mix them up. This will do a lot of harm not only to their Chinese learning but also to their future English learning. In short, the students have not arrived at any agreement yet.

考研英语与大学英语四六级的区别

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23.---我想知道接下来我们应该去哪里。 24.---你们应该试一下那边那个新开的骑乘项目。 25.我过去很矮。我过去在学校里不受欢迎。 26.Paula过去很文静。她过去不喜欢测试。 27.---你过去很矮，不是吗---是的，我是的。 28.他过去戴眼镜吗不，他不带。 29.---你的衬衫是棉质的吗？ 30.---是的，它们是的。并且它们是美国制造的。 31.---这个飞机模型是有什么制作的？ 32.---它是由用过的木头和玻璃制成的。 33.---在中国哪里产茶？ 34.---它产自许多不同的地区。 35.---茶是怎么制成的？ 36.---茶树在山坡上种植。当叶子长好了，人们就用手把它们采摘下来，然后送去加 工。 37.---拉链是什么时候被发明的？ 38.---它是在1893年被发明的。 39.---它是由谁发明的？ 40.---它是由Whitcomb Judson发明的。 41.---茶是什么时候被带到朝鲜的？ 42.---它是在6世纪和7世纪期间被带到了朝鲜。 43.---热冰激凌勺是用来干什么的？ 44.--她它是用来提供很凉的冰激凌的。

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Unit 1 Text A 神经过载与千头万绪的医生 患者经常抱怨自己的医生不会聆听他们的诉说。虽然可能会有那么几个医生确实充耳不闻，但是大多数医生通情达理，还是能够感同身受的人。我就纳闷为什么即使这些医生似乎成为批评的牺牲品。我常常想这个问题的成因是不是就是医生所受的神经过载。有时我感觉像变戏法，大脑千头万绪，事无巨细，不能挂一漏万。如果病人冷不丁提个要求，即使所提要求十分中肯，也会让我那内心脆弱的平衡乱作一团，就像井然有序同时演出三台节目的大马戏场突然间崩塌了一样。有一天，我算过一次常规就诊过程中我脑子里有多少想法在翻腾，试图据此弄清楚为了完满完成一项工作，一个医生的脑海机灵转动，需要处理多少个细节。 奥索里奥夫人 56 岁，是我的病人。她有点超重。她的糖尿病和高血压一直控制良好，恰到好处。她的胆固醇偏高，但并没有服用任何药物。她锻炼不够多，最后一次 DEXA 骨密度检测显示她的骨质变得有点疏松。尽管她一直没有爽约，按时看病，并能按时做血液化验，但是她形容自己的生活还有压力。总的说来，她健康良好，在医疗实践中很可能被描述为一个普通患者，并非过于复杂。 以下是整个 20 分钟看病的过程中我脑海中闪过的念头。 她做了血液化验，这是好事。 血糖好点了。胆固醇不是很好。可能需要考虑开始服用他汀类药物。 她的肝酶正常吗？ 她的体重有点增加。我需要和她谈谈每天吃五种蔬果、每天步行 30 分钟的事。 糖尿病：她早上的血糖水平和晚上的比对结果如何？她最近是否和营 养师谈过？她是否看过眼科医生？足科医生呢？ 她的血压还好，但不是很好。我是不是应该再加一种降血压的药？药 片多了是否让她困惑？更好地控制血压的益处和她可能什么药都不吃 带来的风险孰重孰轻？

“大学英语A”和“大学英语B”教育部网络统考

“大学英语A”和“大学英语B”教育部网络统考（机考） 新题型及备考注意事项 Ⅰ.机考新题型 大学英语B（90分钟） 一、交际用语：5个题，每题3分，共15分。 二、阅读：两篇，10个题，每题3分，共30分。 三、词汇与结构：5个题，每题3分，共15分。 四、完型填空：10个题，每题2分，共20分。 五、写作：一篇，共20分。 大学英语A（90分钟） 一、阅读：三篇，15个题，每题3分，共45分。 二、词汇与结构：5个题，每题3分，共15分。 三、完型填空：10个题，每题2分，共20分。 四、写作：一篇，共20分。 Ⅱ. 备考注意事项及教学建议 一、征订教材时，就要求一定要给学生定购价格相同的带“学习系统“的教材，不要定购带 磁带的教材。 二、在抓好正常教学的基础上，高度重视考前练习。 三、经常登陆“中国现代远程与继续教育网“（https://www.wendangku.net/doc/949977827.html,）看一下，做机考模拟练习。 四、分配好答题时间（共90分钟）。 五、备考要有针对性（交际用语、词汇与结构、写作）。 六、加强文字录入能力和速度，尽快熟悉“写字版”的有关操作方面的功能（因为要求是 只能用“写字版”录入作文的）。 七、指定复习资料：要求学生除了学好教材外，必须还是要参考两本有用的资料，一本是《大学英语》（中国财经出版社）；二是《网考直通车》（中央电大出版社），两本书都属于模拟题集。注意：交际用语部分可利用《网考直通车》上的同类题进行练习。 八、教学方法的建议及指导：1、要求选择教学经验丰富的教师进行授课；2、采取行之有效的教学措施；3、要求各地必须提前对学生进行集中辅导，并有针对性地开展各项强化训练

和考前大练兵。 九、《大学英语A》对应电大开放教育本科教学计划中的《英语综合实践》课程， 《大学英语B》对应电大开放教育本科教学计划中的《英语Ⅱ（2）》课程。

季佩玉、范烨学术英语 第到课文翻译

Unit 4 翻译 环保的当今时代是约半个世纪之久。那段时间意识不断壮大，我们所面临的挑战知识增加，而重要的实践已经取得了进展，例如在一些减少各种污染，并在建立保护区。我们是，但是，仍然由协调人什么我们的星球能提供可持续的要求很远。 人与自然之间的不平衡的后果是出现在改变地球的气候，动物和植物的势头，并在关键的资源，包括野生鱼类资源，淡水和土壤的枯竭的大灭绝。而这些环境压力不是一成不变的。他们不断升级，随着我国人口的增长和国家继续为更多的经济增长的不懈追求。 如果我们要避免这些趋势的最严重后果则毫无疑问是较为迅速的进展将需要比迄今取得的，但我们在这里应该关注我们的努力？什么可能是在未来的半个世纪行动的优先领域？ 这让我感到眼前的主要挑战主要不是相对于良好的信息，更好的技术和良好的政策思路。这些东西是至关重要的当然的，但所有这些东西都已经可用。我们知道如何让清洁电力，节约资源，培育生物多样性。我们知道如何规范污染，防止损坏的生态系统，如果我们想。我们有这些能力的事实是不够的。 如果我们继续前进的决定性方式的争论它需要被重新定义。我们需要从“做正确的事'上移动，谈到风险管理，促进抗灾能力。 要查看关爱地球的自然系统为某种道德选择的是完全误解了危机，我们都在这个挑战是关于人类社会的未来，而不是一些可选的慈善事业，我们可以留给慈善事业慷慨解囊，做社会改良。嵌入了使我们从保护自然的人们保护自然为人们的叙述是这样的重新规划的重要组成部分。我们正处在一个时期的后果，世界必须知道，健康的本质不是一些可选的精密而是一组不可缺少的物质资产。 如果这样的叙述是为了获得实际效果再想找性质后必须立即被看作不仅是一个环境的挑战，也是一个经济问题。只要我们继续滑向两个方向行进，一方面是促进环保目标的同时，对其他直接矛盾与措施，以实现更多的经济增长，我们不再将无法取得真正的进展。 当涉及到经济学和生态学有大量的好思已经完成。例如，在不同的经济措施，以取代成功与失败，生态税的改革更为现实的措施，收入转移的负担，污染，生态系统服务补偿，补贴的重定向和如何调动国内生产总值的原油措施融资以扩大清洁行业。 我们必须在经济进行转型能够在工作丰富和更平等带来许多其他社会福利，从更健康。它，然而，需要政治支持。这是流行文化就变得非常重要。 在许多国家已经采取了保留的消费文化是非常多的GDP-增长模式的合作伙伴。两个一起去，随着消费前积极推动以提高后者的扩张。从这个意义上它是很难改变的经济思想也没有改变流行文化塑造那些相同的经济假设。这是不容易的。消费主义是我们很多人有吸引力的文化空间居住。它发挥我们的默认设置，并为我们与生俱来的倾向，以促进地位，自我表达和短期的舒适度。 移的流行文化将需要比简单地告诉人们他们错了想要的消费品了。这到目前为止还没有成功，这可能不会在今后的工作中无论是。另一种更复杂的方法是必需的，或许是时尚大师们和其他非环保意见领袖领导。 不幸的是，以上。无论怎样引人注目的叙述，在我看来既不经济也不是文化将改变，直到有一个不同的哲学背景下塑造我们共同的世界观。 在大多数国家，今天还有就是看技术，而不是本质，作为改善人民生活的任务，我们的首选合作伙伴世界观。对于我们大多数人的本性是无关紧要的。更糟糕的是自然环境有时表现为对发展的阻力，且不方便载重吨减慢人类进步的漫长旅程。只要这种世界观保持甚至部分完好无损然后文化变革和改革对准经济思想与生态容量是的，我害怕，几乎是不可能实现的。改变社会“的世界观是一个巨大的工作，但也不是没有可能。我们看世界的方式是不是一个给定的，它的形状，并且它可以在更生态方向，以及自毁那些移动。各国可以引入自然史研

(完整)PEP六年级英语Unit1语法点

A. 好多好多How！！ “怎么样？”问情况： 1. How are you? / How is your mother? 2. How is your English class? /How is the weather in Shanghai? 3. How about New York? “多大了”问年纪 1. How old are you?/ How old is your sister? “多少”问数量： 1. How many apples are there on the desk? 2. How many kites can you see? 3. How many people are there in your family? 4. How much money do you have? 5. How much water are there in the cup? “多少钱”问价钱： 1. How much is this dress? 2. How much are they? “怎样”问方式： 1. How do you go to school? 2. How can I get to Zhongshan Park? “多么”表感叹 1. How funny! 2. How nice! B. 英语中的“乘”交通工具 英语中表示交通方式的形式很多，但总的来说，不外乎两种方式，即：用介词和动词来表示。 一、用介词表示。 1． by + 表示交通工具的名词，泛指“乘/坐某种交通工具”，其中名词前无任何修饰语，且只能用单数。如： He came by train, but his wife came by bus.他坐火车来的，但他妻子坐汽车来的。 Travelling by elephant is great fun. 骑象旅行很有趣。 类似的词组还有：by car乘车；by plane乘飞机；by ship乘船；by taxi乘计程车等。 2．in/on + 表示交通工具的名词, 或泛指或特指“乘/坐某种交通工具”，其中名词前常有冠词、物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等修饰语，名词可以是单数或复数。 ① bus，train，boat，plane，ship等有厢，有舱的名词前，用介词in或on。如： We are going there in/on a bus.我们将乘公共汽车去那里。 （泛指）Don't come here on /in the ship．不要坐船来这里（特） ② bike或motorbike前，只能用介词on。如：

英文作文——高中和大学生活的异同

The Difference Between My High School Life and My College Life 对外汉语4班 张斯妍 11065079

The Difference Between My High School Life and My College Life I have been a college student for three months. It’s hard to express my feelings about my collegial life. All I want to say are some words like wonderful colorful and comfortable. Before I came to my college I often dreamed about the life in there. First I hope I will have some lovely roommates so that I can have a peaceful life in my dorm. Then I hope my school will be as beautiful as what I expected. Last I hope I will have a good environment to study. On the day term begins, all these have come true. ●School My school is beautiful and huge. It takes more than an hour to visit the whole school. I t’s almo st ten times as big as my high school. There are many rivers, small forests, two playgrounds and a mini zoo in my school and you can see trees and flowers everywhere. How beautiful it is! ●Life Before I came to my college, I have never lived without my family. So they were very worried about whether I could live myself. But the truth was that I have done a good job. I can live myself very well. What’s more, I could manage my money very well, too. When I was a high school student, I always thought I was a child and I

大学学术英语读写教程 下册 课文翻译

WHAT IS STRESS The term stress has been defined in several different ways. sometimes the term is applied to stimuli or events in our environment that make physical and emotional demands on us, and sometimes it is applied to our emotional and physical reactions to such stimuli. in this discussion, we will refer to the environmental stimuli or events as stressors and to the emotional and physical reactions as stress. 压力这个词已经有几种不同的定义。有时候这个术语适用于我们环境中的刺激或事件，这些刺激或事件会对我们产生身体和情感方面的要求，有时也适用于我们对这种刺激的情绪和身体反应。在这个讨论中，我们将环境刺激或事件称为压力，并将情绪和身体上的反应称为压力。 Many sorts of events be stressors, including disasters, such as hurricanes or tornadoes; major life events, such as divorce or the loss of a job; and daily hassles, such as having to wait in line at the supermarket when you need to be somewhere else in 10 minutes. What all this events have in common is that they interfere with or threat our accustomed way of life. when we encounter such stressors, we must pull together our mental and physical resources in order to deal with the challenge. How well we succeed in doing so will determine how serious a toll the stress will take on our mental and physical well-being. 许多事件都是压力源，包括灾难，如飓风或龙卷风; 重大生活事件，如离婚或失业; 每天都有麻烦，比如当你要在10分钟内到别的地方去却不得不在超市排队等。所有这些事件都有共同之处，就是它们干涉或威胁我们习惯的生活方式。当我们遇到这样的压力时，我们必须整合我们的精神和物质资源来应对挑战。我们如何成功地做到这一点将决定压力对我们身心健康将产生多大的影响。 Reacting to stressors The Canadian physiologist Hans Seyle has been the most influential writer on stress. Seyle proposed that both humans and other animals react to any stressor in three stages, collectively known as the general adaptation syndrome. the first stage, when the person or animal becomes aware of the stressor is the alarm reaction. In this stage the organism becomes highly alert and aroused, energized by a burst of epinephrine. After the alarm reaction comes the stage of resistance , as the organism tries to adapt to the stressful stimulus or to escape from it. If these efforts are successful, the state of the organism returns to normal. If the organism cannot adapt to the continuing stress, however, it enters a stage of exhaustion or collapse. 加拿大生理学家Hans Seyle在压力方面一直是最有影响力的作家。塞尔提出，人类和其他动物在三个阶段对任何压力源作出反应，统称为一般适应综合症。第一阶段，当人或动物意识到应激源时，就是警报反应。在这个阶段，机体变得高度警觉和激起，并被一阵肾上腺素所激发。当警报反应进入抵抗阶段后，机体试图适应压力刺激或逃避压力。如果这些努力成功，机体的状态就会恢复正常。然而，如果生物体不能适应持续的压力，它就进入衰竭或崩溃的阶段。 Seyle developed his model of the general adaptation syndrome as a result of research with rats and other animals. In rats, certain stressors, such as painful tail-pulling consistently led to the same sorts of stress reactions in humans, however, it is harder to predict what will be stressful to a particular person at a particular time. subjective person's the on depends stressful be will stimulus particular a Whether

剑桥初级英语语法Unit1amis are

Good is good , but better carries it ! ---------- (精益求精）剑桥初级英语语法-Exercise Unit1- am/is are 1.1 写出缩略形式 1 she is ______ 2.it is not __________3.I am not________ 4.they are________ 5.that is _______ 2.2 填入am,is ,are 1.The weather____nice today. 2.Look! There________Carol 3.I______not tired. 4.My brother and I ______good tennis players. 5.This bag _____heavy 6.Ann _____at home.Her children _____at school. 7.These bags ____heavy 8. I_____a taxi driver. My sister _____a nurse. 1.3 写出完整的句子。要求用上is,isn’t,are, aren’t . 1.(your shoes very dirty) ______________________________________ 2.(my brother a teacher)_______________________________________ 3.(this house nor very big)_____________________________________ 4.(the shops not open today)_______________________________________ 5.(my keys in my bag)____________________________________________ 6.(Jenny 18 years old)_____________________________________________ 7.(you not very tall)_______________________________________________ 1.4 参看Lisa 所用的句子。现在写写你自己的情况。 1.(name?)My_______________________ 2.(favourite color or colors)____________________ 3.(from?)I_________________________ 4.(interested in...?)____________________________ 5.(age?)___________________________ 6.(job?)_____________________________ 1.5写出真是情况，肯定句或否定句都可以。要求用上am,am not, is,isn’t,are,aren’t 1.(I/hungry)I__________________________2.(it/warm/today)It___________________________ 3.(I,afraid of dogs)_______________________4(my hands/cold)__________________________ 5.(Canada/a very big country)______________________________ 6.(diamonds/cheap)__________________________ 7.(I/interested in football)_______________