全真模拟试题(一)(原卷版)

2020届江苏高考英语全真模拟试题（一）第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到签题卡上.

第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选岀最住选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的吋间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What is the weather like today?

A. Rainy.

B. Cloudy.

C. Sunny.

2. What are the speakers going to do?

A. Go on a trip.

B. Buy some

C. Wait for a taxi.

3. What will the woman do tomorrow afternoon?

A. Go to sleep.

B. Have a picnic.

C. Deal with an email.

4. What are the speakers talking about?

A. Literature.

B. Major.

C. Computer.

5. What does the man think of the lecture?

A. It was more interesting than ever.

B. It was long but easy to understand.

C. It was far beyond his understanding.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

6.Why docs the man call the woman?

A.To invite her parents to the trip.

B.To remind her of a letter about the trip.

C. To ask her to hand in the report tomorrow.

7. When does the conversation take place?

A. On Sunday.

B. On Friday.

C. On Wednesday.

听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。

7.Where are the two speakers probably?

A. In a school.

B. In a hotel.

C. In a bank.

9. What will the woman do at 3 o'clock tomorrow?

A. Make an appointment

B. Take a test.

C. Fill out some forms.

10. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Teacher and student.

B. Classmates.

C. Workmates.

听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。

11.Which does the woman think she can afford to buy now?

A. Fish.

B. Sausage and eggs.

C. Caffeine-free coffee.

12. Whose price has just increased most?

A. Cheese.

B. Bacon.

C. Meat.

13. Why can't the woman buy instant coffee?

A. Because it's too expensive.

B. Because it has caffeine.

C. Because it's not popular.

听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。

14.What's the trouble with the man?

A.He has put on some weight.

B.He has a sleep disorder.

C.He feels tired easily.

15.How long has the man's symptom lasted?

A. About twenty days.

B. About a month.

C. About five weeks.

16. Why was the man fired?

A. Because he was often absent from work.

B. Because he was found sleeping at a meeting.

C. Because his boss didn't sleep well before a meeting.

17. What will the man have first?

A. A chest X-ray.

B. A brain scan.

C. A blood test.

听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。

18.How many cars can the hotel hold?

A. 220.

B. 235.

C. 244.

19. What do we know about the rooms?

A. All rooms have alarm clocks.

B. Snooker rooms need extra fees.

C. Single rooms don't have mini-bars.

20. What is forbidden?

A. Swimming in the pool.

B. Taking dogs into the hotel.

C. Having breakfast in the room.

第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）

第一节：单项填空（共15题：每小题1分，满分15分）

请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的ＡＢＣＤ四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. What matters most is the development of the principles and values ________ we teenagers live and grow.

A. by which

B. to which

C. where

D. when

22. Due to widespread ______ of 5G technology, more remote surgical operations are likely to be carried out across long distances.

A. occupation

B. application

C. qualification

D. composition

23. We are afraid of making mistakes when learning a foreign language, and that is ________ we are quiet in our English classes

A. what

B. because

C. whether

D. why

24. — It is said that they are building another bridge across the Yangtze River.

— Yeah. The work ________ to be completed soon.

A. is expected

B. will be expected

C. is being expected

D. expects

25. The city is dotted with many small lakes, some of which are natural while others are ________.

A. abnormal

B. original

C. artificial

D. potential

26. Take these pills 3 times a day for 3 days. If the pain continues, ________ your doctor.

A. confirm

B. consult

C. convince

D. concern

27. Unlike those in western countries, Many Chinese students tend to remain silent in class unless _________ to speak.

A. invited

B. inviting

C. being invited

D. having invited

28. — How did the interview go?

— Not very well. I __________ much better but I was too nervous.

A. would do

B. must have done

C. could have done

D. should do

29. With so many activities to participate in these days, we decided to ________ the scheduled meeting.

A. call off

B. lay off

C. give off

D. go off

30. They ________ together for quite some time and are now in the performing stage of Team Development.

A. work

B. worked

C. are working

D. have been working

31. ________ you know who they are and what motivates them, think about the influencers in your organization.

A. Just as

B. Even though

C. In case

D. Now that

32. The past couple of months have been difficult for me but I know they have been even more difficult for people just trying to________.

A. make ends meet

B. tighten their belt

C. call it a day

D. pull their leg

33. This kind of person constantly agrees with everything others suggest, ________ having their own ideas rejected

A. for lack of

B. for the sake of

C. for fear of

D. for the purpose of

34. I’m impressed by the smart speakers with a voice control system, ________ all the devices to a computer

A. connecting

B. connected

C. to connect

D. having connected

35. —I’m afraid I won’t make it to the hill top. I’m already out of breath.

—______. Relax and follow the path. We’ll move on together.

A. Take your time

B. Take it easy

C. Take care

D. Take it for granted

第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。

I landed at the Toronto airport a day late. To my surprise and __36__, the rental car service I found on the internet was __37__! With the help of other travelers and airport workers who clearly __38__ the "lost puppy" look on my face, I found the area with several rental car companies. I started at the end of the __39__ and worked my way down as each employee said "sorry, we are __40__ ". All I could do was to fight back the __41__. The lovely young woman at the last counter, __42__, really took pity on me and went around to the back office and __43__with a set of car keys and a smile!

Things got tricky on the way. The GPS on my phone would not __44__, and there was no highway lighting and no overhead __45__for miles and miles. Finally, I found an exit and saw the first signs of __46__—a neighborhood! Just about a mile down the road, I found hope—McDonalds! Not my usual dining __47__, but at the time I would have eaten __48__! So,it’s about 8:30 p.m and I should should have happily arrived at my final destination by now.I walk in to get food and more directions; and it’s full of teenagers.

Ironically, I am a Life Coach for Teenagers, but wasn’t “feeling the love” at this moment. My hopes for anyone taking sympathy on me was __49__ fast, until I saw Mary. She was standing next to me waiting for her __50__. I asked for help. "Don't worry. I'll drive you to the __51__ that will take you to your destination. Just follow me” she said. I felt __52__in my heart because she drove __53__ her way for many miles to help me find my way.

I will never forget her __54__ and determination to make sure I was going to be OK. My forever McDonald's __55__ , Mary.

36. A. pleasure B. excitement C. terror D. sorrow

37. A. extended B. closed C. improved D. guaranteed

38. A. exchanged B. liked C. shared D. recognized

39. A. row B. room C. office D. airport

40. A. given out B. made out C. sold out D. left out

41. A. tears B. fear C. trouble D. campaign

42. A. therefore B. however C. thus D. besides

43. A. recalled B. negotiated C. withdrew D. returned

44. A. last B. stop C. work D. fail

45. A. signs B. lights C. wires D. clouds

46. A. friendship B. life C. migration D. nature

47. A. habit B. area C. option D. experience

48. A. some B. that C. nothing D. anything

49. A. abandoned B. raised C. growing D. fading

50. A. table B. order C. turn D. offer

51. A. highway B. subway C. station D. company

52. A. comfort B. pain C. warmth D. cold

53. A. beyond B. via C. off D. on

54. A. motivation B. kindness C. patience D. responsibility

55. A. restaurant B. food C. figure D. angel

第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

It can be tough to pull kids away from their computers and mobile devices these days. While they're playing games, wouldn't it be great if they could be learning at the same time? Good educational apps offer fun challenges that teach specific grade-level skills. Here are 4 that combine fun and learning.

Understanding Math---Addition and Subtraction ($3.99; iOS)

Understanding Math---Addition and Subtraction goes beyond basic comprehension to instill a deeper understanding of the whys and hows of math. The app tracks your child's progress to determine strengths and weaknesses in different skill areas, and you can customize your child's learning experience to suit the needs.

Word Creativity Kit ($52.99; iOS)

Word Creativity Kit aims to make creative writing fun while also build up grammar rules. The app presents a series of words from seven categories, such as space or fantasy. Kids add their own words to finish the complete thoughts that these words have inspired.

Barefoot World Atlas ($4.99; iOS)

Barefoot World Atlas helps kids learn about geography and world cultures with a touch of the screen. Each region features a set of subtopics, from wildlife and natural features to native people, landmarks, and architecture. These facts and illustrations are delivered in photographs, sounds, and hundreds of mini videos.

My Grades & Homework (S0.99; iOS)

A combination of grades and homework tracker, My Grades & Homework can help your child stay organized and on top of the progress in school. A convenient calendar and course list format offer a glance at your child's assignment schedule that he/she might not normally get from standard homework planners.

56. What is the common part of the four apps?

A. They can encourage children to study harder.

B. They cam help parents know their children's progress.

C. They can make study fun by mini videos.

D. They can be installed into iOS operation systems

57. What is the purpose of the text?

A. To encourage parents to allow their students to play apps.

B. To wish readers to bring in more similar apps for children.

C. To introduce 4 educational apps for readers to buy and use.

D. To design the educational apps to combine fun and learning.

B

The most common belief about infant communication is that babies can’t communicate before the age of one. Nevertheless, new studies have suggested that babies are born with a capacity to communicate with adults. Some experts refer to this communicative ability as “inter-subjectivity（主体间性）”.

It’s clear that babies and adults don’t dialogue. Rather, they communicate through “protoconversations”. When babies and their parents react to each other, babies recognize experiences and react to them. In short, babies comprehend that they’re interacting with others.

Those who argue against inter-subjectivity in infants believe that babies don’t communicate until they’re approximately nine months of age. At 14 months of age, babies begin to use “protodeclaratives”. In other words, the child points out an object and, by following an adult’s gaze, can confirm that the adult shares their attention toward the said object. These protodeclaratives serve as evidence that infants are able to infer intention in other people.

Other researchers argue that babies don’t need complex cognitive or symbolic systems to communicate. They can use their emotions to do it. According to these ideas, babies are able to exchange their experiences with their caretakers.

Although intersubjectivity might seem to make sense from a theoretical perspective, science demands experimental proof. In this case, it’s a matter of proving that exchanges of expressions, emotions, gestures, and vocalizations（发声）can be considered forms of communication. In order to prove this, one study analyzed the changes in the expressions of children between two and six months of age and their parents.

Researchers discovered that facial expressions coincided with each other. They also discovered that the intensity of emotions between parents and babies occurred at the same time. Aside from that, they also noted that babies don’t just respond to their mother’s actions. They also make her respond in certain ways.

This suggests that infants have the ability to engage in “conversations”. Other experiments also support this idea in a different way. They show that when an adult is interacting with a baby and suddenly stops, the baby waits for their reaction. When the adult doesn’t react, the infant becomes irritated and demands a response. Such results support that protoconversations are a type of communication.

According to the results, babies perceive attention when an adult looks at them. They also experience emotional motivation when they witness adults gesturing. That is, they feel that the adult is trying to communicate with them. Babies then respond in some way to these attempts. As such, you might say that infant communication is innate.

58. The underlined word “protoconversation” in Para. 2 probably means ________.

A. real communication

B. early stage of talking

C. recognition of experiences

D. interaction with others

59. Why did researchers analyze the changes in expressions of children between 2 and 6 months?

A. To find out proof for intersubjectivity

B. To study intersubjectivity in theory

C. To look into babies’ actions and reactions.

D. To discover that babies’ facial expressions.

60. A proper title for this passage would be ________.

A. Protoconversation of babies

B. Arguments on intersubjectivity

C. Communication between babies and parents

D. Babies born with the ability to communicate

C

Every year, thousands of teenagers participate in programs at their local art museums. But do any of them remember their time at museum events later in life? A new report suggests that the answer is yes - and finds that alumni (毕业生)of arts-based museum programs credit them with changing the course of their lives, even years after the fact.

The Whitney Museum of American Art, the Walker Art Center and the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles recently asked researchers to conduct a study to find out how effective their long-standing teen art programs really are. They involved over 300 former participants of four programs for teens that have been in existence since the 1990s. Alumni, whose current ages range from 18 to 36, were invited to find out how they viewed their participation years after the fact.

Among the alumni surveyed, 75 percent of alumni rated die teen program experience as the most favorable impact on their own lives, beating family, school and their neighborhoods. Nearly 55 percent thought that it was one of the most important experiences they'd ever had, regardless of age and two-thirds said that they were often in situations where then experience in museums affected their actions or thoughts.

It turns out that participating in art programs also helps keep teens enthusiastic about arts even after they reach adulthood: 96 percent of participants had visited an art museum within the last two years, and 68 percent had visited an art museum five or more times within the last two years. Thirty-two percent of program alumni work in the arts as adults.

Though the study is the first of its kind to explore the impact of teen-specific art programs in museums, it reflects other research on the important benefits of engaging with the arts. A decade of surveys the National Endowment for the Arts found that childhood experience with the arts have linked arts education to everything from lower drop-out rates to improvement in critical thinking skills.

61. What does the underlined phrase “the fact” in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A. Changing the course of children's life.

B. Participating in childhood art programs

C. Organizing arts-based museum programs.

D. Remembering the time at museum events.

62. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?

A. The result of the study.

B. The process of the study.

C. The approach to the study.

D. The object and content of the study.

63. What can be inferred of the study mentioned in the text?

A. Passion for arts may remain long in kids' whole life.

B. No other studies exist concerning the benefits of arts.

C. Age matters in how people view their art experiences.

D. Most children taking part in art programs will work in arts.

64. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. How is Art Connected to Our Life?

B. Can Art Education Affect Our Income?

C What Should Art Museums do for Kids?

D. Should Children Walk into Art Museums?

D

If you had asked me then if I would accept a job as a restaurant critic for The New York Times. or any establishment publication, I would have replied, without a second thought, “Of course not!” And not just because I did not want to think of myself as an ambitious sort Working in restaurants was honest labor, anyone could see that. Writing about them for the mainstream press was not; it felt like joining the enemy.

But renewing was fun. so much fun that when mainstream publishers started paying me for my opinions, I didn't do the decent thing. Before I knew it, I had stopped cooking Professionally.

Then I stopped cooking altogether. “She's joined the leisure class.” my friend said.

I disarmed (消解怒气)) my critics by inviting them along; nobody I knew could afford to eat out and nobody refused. We went with equal amounts of guilt and pleasure, with a feeling that we were trespassing (侵入))on the playgrounds of the rich.

We didn't belong in starchy restaurants. We knew it, and when we climbed out of my rent - a - wreck, splendid in years from the Salvation Army, everybody else knew it, too. We always got the worst table. And then, because I didn't own a credit card, I had to pay in cash. The year turned into two and three, and more. I got a credit card. I got good clothes. I was writing for increasingly prestigious (声誉高的)publications. Meanwhile, a voice inside me kept

whispering, “How could you?”

The voice is still there, yakking (喋喋不休)away. When I receive weekly letters from people who think it is indecent to write about $100 meals while half the world is hungry, the voice yaks right along, “They're absolutely right, you elitist pig is hisses”. And when it asks. “When are you going to grow up and get a real job?” it sounds a lot like my mother.

And just about then is when I tell the voice to shut up. Because when my mother starts idling me that all I'm doing with my life is telling rich people where to eat, I realize how much the world has changed.

Yes, there are still restaurants where rich people go to remind themselves that they are different from you and me. But there are fewer and fewer of them. As American food has come of age. American restaurants have changed. Going out to eat used to be like going to the opera; today, it is more like going to the movies.

And so everyone has become a critic. I couldn't be happier. The more people pay attention to what and how they eat, the more accustomed they become to their own senses and the world around them.

When I remember that conversation with M. F. K. Fisher, I wish I had not been quite so gentle. When I rerun the loop in my mind, I turn to her and say this: “No, you are wrong. A. J. Liebling had it right. All it really takes to be a restaurant critic is a good appetite.”

65.How did the author feel about the job as a restaurant critic at the very beginning?

A.She didn't think much of it.

B.She was the ambitious one for it.

C.It was not suitable for a cook like her.

D.It was not easy to work for the mainstream press.

66.What does the third paragraph talk about?

A.A strong desire to be invited to eat out like the rich.

B.A mixed feeling of guilt and pleasure about eating out.

C.A mixed feeling of guilt and pleasure going into private property.

D.A special treat to be able to go into private property for fun.

67.What does the underlined sentence “The year turned into two, and three, and more.” In paragraph 4 mean?

A.She stayed in the career as a cook for years.

B.She kept on writing as a restaurant critic for years.

C.It was years before she quit the career as a cook.

D.It was years before her application for a credit card got approved.

68.The underlined word ''indecent'' in paragraph 5 most probably means .

A.worthwhile

B. critical

C. unacceptable

D. imperfect

69.What changes have taken place to American restaurants?

A.They have places for both the rich and the poor.

B.They have varieties of means for entertainment.

C.They have become too expensive to be available.

D.They have become affordable to common people,

70.Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with?

A.The writer is getting tired of the job.

B.good appetite makes a good critic.

C.There is no need for restaurant critics at all.

D.Eating out is no longer a privilege the rich have.

第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个

．．最恰当的单词。

注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

NASA is moving forward with plans to launch an electromagnetic telescope that could detect asteroids (流星) on a collision course with Earth. Its launch could come by the middle of 2020s.

The Near-Earth Object Surveillance Mission, which will cost $500 million to $600 million, grows out of long-gestating plans for the Near-Earth Object Camera (NEOCam), first proposed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL) in Pasadena, California, nearly 15 years ago. Such a scope is essential for meeting a congressional requirement that NASA detect 90% of all potentially hazardous asteroids and comets of at least 140 meters in diameter by the end of 2020. The telescope will likely end up with a different name, but the mission is the same.

A combination of an electromagnetic telescope and the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, a ground-based facility being built in Chile, will eventually make it a reality. A telescope operating in the electromagnetic spectrum is essential as the past decade has shown that dark asteroids, which are nearly invisible in visible light but stand out in electromagnetic, are more abundant than once thought.

Building the electromagnetic telescope, however, could require an increase in NASA’s $150 million annual budget for planetary defense. Most of that money now goes to the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART)

mission being built by Johns Hopkins University’s Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, Maryland. Set for launch in 2021, DART seeks to test whether it’s possible to bend the path of an asteroid. It’s unclear whether congressional appropriators will follow NASA’s lead and also fund the new electromagnetic telescope.

Over the past 15 years, with NASA support, Mainzer’s team has refined the electronics and sensors that will power the telescope. Unlike the previous electromagnetic telescope, NEOCam sensors will be able to operate without active refrigeration when parked at L1, a stable vantage point balanced between the gravity of Earth and the sun. Engineers, meanwhile, have dramatically lowered the “dark currents” of its detectors, spurious noise that occurs when the detectors are operated even in total black conditions.

Not everyone has been a fan of NEOCam’s plans. Nathan Myhrvold, a billionaire technologist and former Microsoft chief technology officer in Bellevue, Washington, has faulted the statistics used by Mainzer and others to generate asteroid diameters from observations of the WISE instrument, among other issues. The tasks that NEOCam was designed to perform also seem increasingly irrelevant. One change is that researchers now think asteroids smaller than 140 meters in diameter also pose potentially serious threats to Earth, in part because they could generate damaging tsunamis.

第五部分书面表达（满分25分）

81.请阅读下面文字及图标，并按照要求用英语写一篇150字左右的文章。

3.Once a teacher received a paper from

of

large

it

to

change it (he boy stated,“You can keep the F

years ■ 85% have a dream

■ 78% have a dream but give up ■ 7％have a dream and realize it

【写作内容】

1.用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；

2.结合上述信息，简要阐述坚持梦想的重要性；

3.谈谈你的梦想，并分析实现梦想的必要要素（不少于两点）。【写怍要求】

1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称：

3.不必写标题。

【评分标准】

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

最新2019年高考全国卷生物模拟试题共十套含答案

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历年高考数学真题(全国卷整理版)43964

参考公式： 如果事件A 、B 互斥，那么 球的表面积公式 ()()()P A B P A P B +=+ 24S R π= 如果事件A 、B 相互独立，那么 其中R 表示球的半径 ()()()P A B P A P B = 球的体积公式 如果事件A 在一次试验中发生的概率是p ，那么 33 4 V R π= n 次独立重复试验中事件A 恰好发生k 次的概率 其中R 表示球的半径 ()(1)(0,1,2,)k k n k n n P k C p p k n -=-=… 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 一、选择题 1、 复数 131i i -++= A 2+I B 2-I C 1+2i D 1- 2i 2、已知集合A ＝，B ＝{1，m} ,A B ＝A, 则m= A 0 B 0或3 C 1 D 1或3 3 椭圆的中心在原点，焦距为 4 一条准线为x=-4 ，则该椭圆的方程为 A 216x +212y =1 B 212x +28y =1 C 28x +24y =1 D 212x +24 y =1 4 已知正四棱柱ABCD- A 1B 1C 1D 1中 ，AB=2，CC 1=为CC 1的中点，则直线AC 1与平面BED 的距离为 D 1 （5）已知等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ，a 5=5，S 5=15，则数列的前100项和为 (A) 100101 (B) 99101 (C) 99100 (D) 101 100 （6）△ABC 中，AB 边的高为CD ，若 a ·b=0，|a|=1，|b|=2，则 (A) （B ） (C) (D)

（7）已知α为第二象限角，sinα＋sinβ =，则cos2α= (A) （B ） (C) (D) （8）已知F1、F2为双曲线C：x2-y2=2的左、右焦点，点P在C上，|PF1|=|2PF2|，则cos∠F1PF2= (A)1 4（B） 3 5 (C) 3 4 (D) 4 5 （9）已知x=lnπ，y=log52， 1 2 z=e，则 (A)x＜y＜z （B）z＜x＜y (C)z＜y＜x (D)y＜z＜x (10) 已知函数y＝x2-3x+c的图像与x恰有两个公共点，则c＝ （A）-2或2 （B）-9或3 （C）-1或1 （D）-3或1 （11）将字母a,a,b,b,c,c,排成三行两列，要求每行的字母互不相同，梅列的字母也互不相同，则不同的排列方法共有 （A）12种（B）18种（C）24种（D）36种 （12）正方形ABCD的边长为1，点E在边AB上，点F在边BC上，AE＝BF＝7 3。动点P从 E出发沿直线喜爱那个F运动，每当碰到正方形的方向的边时反弹，反弹时反射等于入射角，当点P第一次碰到E时，P与正方形的边碰撞的次数为 （A）16（B）14（C）12(D)10 二。填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分，把答案填在题中横线上。 （注意：在试题卷上作答无效） （13）若x，y 满足约束条件则z=3x-y的最小值为_________。 （14）当函数取得最大值时，x=___________。 （15）若的展开式中第3项与第7项的二项式系数相等，则该展开式中的系数为_________。 （16）三菱柱ABC-A1B1C1中，底面边长和侧棱长都相等， BAA1=CAA1=50° 则异面直线AB1与BC1所成角的余弦值为____________。 三.解答题： （17）（本小题满分10分）（注意：在试卷上作答无效） △ABC的内角A、B、C的对边分别为a、b、c，已知cos（A-C）＋cosB=1，a=2c，求c。

全国1卷高考语文模拟试题及答案

2018年全国1卷高考语文模拟试题及答 案 一、现代文阅读（35分） （一）论述类文本阅读（9分，每小题3分） 阅读下面的文字，完 成1～3题。 先秦儒家已形成比较立体、丰富的生态伦理思想。 验进 这种思想首先体现为“乐”。孔子非常擅长在观察自然现象时对自身 社会经 ，从而引，自然之道和其处世之道在某个合适的时间节点产生共鸣 行审视和升华 。 认知自然、体验自 厚 渐浓 发孔子深层的思考，其生态情怀也在类似的体悟中逐 然、进而体悟人生哲理，让孔子得出“知者乐水，仁者乐山”这样的结论。 由“乐”而生“畏”。孔子说：“天何言哉？四时行焉，百物生焉。天何言哉！” 在孔子看来，四季的轮回、万物的生长都有其运行轨迹和规律，这种力量非人力所能干涉，孔子对自然的敬畏之情也在这种感慨中毕现。荀子则认为：“天行有常，不为尧存，不为桀亡。”既然这种“常”的力量如此强大，非人力所能改变， 聪明的做法就是顺应这种力量并对之合理利用，即荀子所讲的“制天命而用之”。那么，该如何“制”呢？荀子较为强调见微知著、因循借力、顺时守 天、因地制 宜。这种总结比起孔子体验式思维多了些理性，已试图对联系自然与人类社会的“道”进行理性阐释和总结。 在此基础上，“推人及物”的思想就产生了。“人皆有不忍人之心”是孟子生态道德的基础，“不忍心”推广于自然万物就成了推人及物的生态道德。如果说“老 吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之幼，??故推恩足以保四海，不推恩无以保妻子”是简单适用于人类社会的推恩思维，是简单的换位思考、推己及人，那么， 孟子的“亲亲而仁民，仁民而爱物”则已拓展为推人及物了。荀子也说：“物也者，大共名也??推而别之，别则有别，至于无别然后至。”他认为自然万物有 着千丝万缕的联系，有共性，有同质性；同时，根据某种特质，又可在共性的基 基 辑 础上区分差异，剥离出异质性。这种异质性基础上的同质性是推人及物的逻 石。 在生态实践中，先秦儒者非常强调“时禁”与适度消费。孟子和荀子都注意到“时禁”的良好效益，可保证后续消费的“不可胜食”“不可胜用”。除了“时禁”， 。孔子主张“钓而不纲，弋不射宿”， 先秦儒者也意识到适度消费的重要生态价值 在以传统工具和方法捕获猎物、适度消费和以“先进”工具和方法大量获取猎物、过度消费两者之间，孔子选择了前者，这和孔子“乐山乐水”的生态情怀是契合 重 超出自然 的。孟子也注意到，人类对自然资源的过度消费和连续性破坏已经严 的可承受范围，破坏了自然界生息繁衍的内在规律，使其自我修复能力失效，这样的过度消费当然会“无物不消”。 (摘编自赵麦茹《先秦儒家的生态伦理思想》） 1．下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是（3分） A．孔子认知自然、体验自然、进而体悟人生哲理的直觉式体悟式思维方式缺少 理性。 B．荀子对自然界“常”的力量认识深刻，他提出顺应自然并对自然合理利用的 观点。 C．孔子与荀子都表达了他们对自然的“敬畏”之心，都认为应该顺应自然并合 理利用。 合他“乐山乐水” 却契 D．孔子以传统工具和方法捕获猎物适度消费的主张虽 消极 情怀。

全国卷高考理综生物试题及答案

2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 理科综合能力测试·生物试题及答案 一、选择题 1、下列与细胞相关的叙述，正确的是（ B ） A、核糖体、溶酶体都是具有膜结构的细胞器 B、酵母菌的细胞核内含有DNA和RNA两类核酸 C、蓝藻细胞的能量来源于其线粒体有氧呼吸过程 D、在叶绿体中可进行CO2的固定但不能合成ATP 2、离子泵是一种具有A TP水解酶活性的载体蛋白，能利用水解ATP释放的能量跨膜运输离子。下列叙述正确的是（ C ） A、离子通过离子泵的跨膜运输属于协助扩散 B、离子通过离子泵的跨膜运输是顺着浓度梯度进行的 C、动物一氧化碳中毒会降低离子泵跨膜运输离子的速率 D、加入蛋白质变性剂会提高离子泵跨膜运输离子的速率 3、若除酶外所有试剂已预保温，则在测定酶活力的实验中，下列操作顺序合理的是（ C ） A、加入酶→加入底物→加入缓冲液→保温并计时→一段时间后检测产物的量 B、加入底物→加入酶→计时→加入缓冲液→保温→一段时间后检测产物的量 C、加入缓冲液→加入底物→加入酶→保温并计时→一段时间后检测产物的量 D、加入底物→计时→加入酶→加入缓冲液→保温→一段时间后检测产物的量 4、下列与神经细胞有关的叙述，错误 ．．的是（ B ） A、ATP能在神经元线粒体的内膜上产生 B、神经递质在突触间隙中的移动消耗ATP C、突触后膜上受体蛋白的合成需要消耗ATP D、神经细胞兴奋后恢复为静息状态消耗ATP 5、在漫长的历史时期内，我们的祖先通过自身的生产和生活实践，各界了对生态方面的感性认识和经验，并形成了一些生态学思想，如：自然与人和谐统一的思想。根据这一思想和生态学知识，下列说法 错误 ．．的是（ B ） A、生态系统的物质循环和能量流动有其自身的运行规律 B、若人与自然和谐统一，生产者固定的能量便可反复利用 C、“退耕还林、还草”是体现自然与人和谐统一思想的实例 D、人类应以保持生态系统相对稳定为原则，确定自己的消耗标准 6、理论上，下列关于人类单基因遗传病的叙述，正确的是（ D ） A、常染色体隐性遗传病在男性中的发病率等于该病致病基因的基因频率 B、常染色体显性遗传病在女性中的发病率等于该病致病基因的基因频率 C、X染色体显性遗传病在女性中的发病率等于该病致病基因的基因频率 D、X染色体隐性遗传病在男性中的发病率等于该病致病基因的基因频率 二、非选择题 （一）必做题 29、（10分）在有关DNA分子的研究中，常用32P来标记DNA分子。用、和表示ATP或dA TP（d 表示脱氧）上三个磷酸基团所处的位置（A－Pα～Pβ～Pγ或dA－Pα～Pβ～Pγ）。回答下列问题：（1）某种酶可以催化ATP的一个磷酸基团转移到DNA末端上，同时产生ADP。若要用该酶把32P 标记到DNA末端上，那么带有32P的磷酸基团应在A TP的γ （填“α”、“β”或“γ”）位上。 （2）若用带有32P的dATP作为DNA生物合成的原料，将32P标记到新合成的DNA分子上，则带有32P的磷酸基团应在dATP的α （填“α”、“β”或“γ”）位上。 （3）将一个某种噬菌体DNA分子的两条链用32P进行标记，并使其感染大肠杆菌，在不含有32P的培养基中培养一段时间。若得到的所有噬菌体双链DNA分子都装配成噬菌体（n个）并释放，则其中含有32P的噬菌体所占比例为2/n，原因是1个含有32P标记的噬菌体双链DNA分子经过半保留复制后，标记的两条单链只能分配与两个噬菌体的双链DNA分子中，因此在得到的n个噬菌体中只有2带有标记。

2020届高考生物模拟点睛卷(全国卷)(二)

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