STM32启动文件编写

STM32启动文件编写心得
LIWEI
CM3复位后第一个动作就是在0X0000 0000处读取一个值，然后用这个值初始化SP（MSP）；第二个动作就是在0X0000 0004处读取一个值，然后用这个值初始化PC，然后执行PC指向的指令，程序就开始跑起来了。这就是CM3启动文件的基本。
我用的是keil MDK,先建立一个工程，然后建立一个.S文件,在建立一个.C文件.下面先介绍下一个简单的启动文件：
Stack_Size EQU 0X200 ;相当于#define Stack_Size 0X200
AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 ;建一个起点为Stack_Start大小为0X20的STACK段
Stack_Start
SPACE Stack_Size
;本段的段名必须为RESET
AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY ;这里就是0x0000 0000
DCD Stack_Start+Stack_Size ;取这个值初始化SP
DCD Reset_Handler ;取这个值初始化PC

AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY
Reset_Handler PROC
;这里就是PC的初始化值的地方，程序将在这里开始执行
IMPORT __main ;引入mian函数
LDR R0, =__main ;导入mian地址
BX R0 ;跳转道mian函数
ENDP
END

把上面简单的启动文件丰富一下就成了keil MDK自动为用户添加的启动文件。与绝大多数的单片机不同。绝大多数的单片机总是从0地址开始执行第一条指令。它们的 0地址处总是一条跳转指令。在 CM3中，在 0地址处提供MSP的初始值，然后紧跟着就是向量表，向量表中的数值是 32 位的地址，而不是跳转指令，向量表的第一个条目指向复位后应执行的第一条指令。下面就是STM32F103RE的启动文件：


Stack_Size EQU 0x00000200

AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 ;定义STACK段
Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size
__initial_sp




Heap_Size EQU 0x00000000

AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 ;定义HEAP段
__heap_base
Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size
__heap_limit


PRESERVE8
THUMB


; Vector Table Mapped to Address 0 at Reset

AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY ;这里就是复位后0X0000 0000
EXPORT __Vectors
;首先是MSP的初始值，然后是向量表，当然第一个向量就是复位向量,然后是CM3的14个系统异常，然后是CM3芯片生产商定义的外部中断

__Vectors DCD __initial_sp ; Top of Stack
DCD Reset_Handler ; Reset Handler
DCD NMI_Handler ; NMI Handler
DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler
DCD MemManage_Handler ; MPU Fault Handler
DCD BusFault_Handler ; Bus Fault Handler
DCD UsageFault_Handler ; Usage Fault Handler
DC

D 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD SVC_Handler ; SVCall Handler
DCD DebugMon_Handler ; Debug Monitor Handler
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD PendSV_Handler ; PendSV Handler
DCD SysTick_Handler ; SysTick Handler

; External Interrupts
DCD WWDG_IRQHandler ; Window Watchdog
DCD PVD_IRQHandler ; PVD through EXTI Line detect
DCD TAMPER_IRQHandler ; Tamper
DCD RTC_IRQHandler ; RTC
DCD FLASH_IRQHandler ; Flash
DCD RCC_IRQHandler ; RCC
DCD EXTI0_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 0
DCD EXTI1_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 1
DCD EXTI2_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 2
DCD EXTI3_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 3
DCD EXTI4_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 4
DCD DMAChannel1_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 1
DCD DMAChannel2_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 2
DCD DMAChannel3_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 3
DCD DMAChannel4_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 4
DCD DMAChannel5_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 5
DCD DMAChannel6_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 6
DCD DMAChannel7_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 7
DCD ADC_IRQHandler ; ADC
DCD USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler ; USB High Priority or CAN TX
DCD USB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler ; USB Low Priority or CAN RX0
DCD CAN_RX1_IRQHandler ; CAN RX1
DCD CAN_SCE_IRQHandler ; CAN SCE
DCD EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 9..5
DCD TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Break
DCD TIM1_UP_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Update
DCD TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Trigger and Commutation
DCD TIM1_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Capture Compare
DCD TIM2_IRQHandler ; TIM2
DCD TIM3_IRQHandler ; TIM3
DCD TIM4_IRQHandler ; TIM4
DCD I2C1_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Event
DCD I2C1_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Error
DCD I2C2_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Event
DCD I2C2_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Error
DCD SPI1_IRQHandler ; SPI1
DCD SP

I2_IRQHandler ; SPI2
DCD USART1_IRQHandler ; USART1
DCD USART2_IRQHandler ; USART2
DCD USART3_IRQHandler ; USART3
DCD EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 15..10
DCD RTCAlarm_IRQHandler ; RTC Alarm through EXTI Line
DCD USBWakeUp_IRQHandler ; USB Wakeup from suspend


AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY


; Reset Handler
;跳转到main函数
Reset_Handler PROC
EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK]
IMPORT __main
LDR R0, =__main
BX R0
ENDP


; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified)
; 9个异常的跳转

NMI_Handler PROC
EXPORT NMI_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
HardFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT HardFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
MemManage_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT MemManage_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
BusFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT BusFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
UsageFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT UsageFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SVC_Handler PROC
EXPORT SVC_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
DebugMon_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT DebugMon_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
PendSV_Handler PROC
EXPORT PendSV_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SysTick_Handler PROC
EXPORT SysTick_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
;声明外部中断函数名
Default_Handler PROC

EXPORT WWDG_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT PVD_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TAMPER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RTC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT FLASH_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RCC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI0_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMAChannel1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMAChannel2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMAChannel3_IRQHandler [WEAK]

EXPORT DMAChannel4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMAChannel5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMAChannel6_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMAChannel7_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT ADC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT CAN_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT CAN_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI9_5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_UP_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C1_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C1_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C2_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C2_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI15_10_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RTCAlarm_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USBWakeUp_IRQHandler [WEAK]

WWDG_IRQHandler
PVD_IRQHandler
TAMPER_IRQHandler
RTC_IRQHandler
FLASH_IRQHandler
RCC_IRQHandler
EXTI0_IRQHandler
EXTI1_IRQHandler
EXTI2_IRQHandler
EXTI3_IRQHandler
EXTI4_IRQHandler
DMAChannel1_IRQHandler
DMAChannel2_IRQHandler
DMAChannel3_IRQHandler
DMAChannel4_IRQHandler
DMAChannel5_IRQHandler
DMAChannel6_IRQHandler
DMAChannel7_IRQHandler
ADC_IRQHandler
USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler
USB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler
CAN_RX1_IRQHandler
CAN_SCE_IRQHandler
EXTI9_5_IRQHandler
TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler
TIM1_UP_IRQHandler
TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler
TIM1_CC_IRQHandler
TIM2_IRQHandler
TIM3_IRQHandler
TIM4_IRQHandler
I2C1_EV_IRQHandler
I2C1_ER_IRQHandler
I2C2_EV_IRQHandler
I2C2_ER_IRQHandler
SPI1_IRQHandler
SPI2_IRQHandler
USART1_IRQHandler
USART2_IRQHandler
USART3_IRQHandler
EXTI15_10_IRQHandler
RTCAlarm_IRQHandler
USBWakeUp_IRQHandler

B .

ENDP


ALIGN

;用户获取堆栈信息函数，通过R0到R3返回堆栈信息
; User Initial Stack & Heap

IF :DEF:__MICROLIB

EXPORT __initial_sp
EXPORT __heap_base
EXPORT __heap_limit

ELSE

IMPORT __use_two_region_memor

y
EXPORT __user_initial_stackheap
__user_initial_stackheap

LDR R0, = Heap_Mem
LDR R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size)
LDR R2, = (Heap_Mem + Heap_Size)
LDR R3, = Stack_Mem
BX LR

ALIGN

ENDIF


END