文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › 英语翻译第二单元 Unit 2

英语翻译第二单元 Unit 2

英语翻译第二单元 Unit 2
英语翻译第二单元 Unit 2

第二单元Unit 2

方法和技巧(1)Methods and Skills (1)

口译的方法和技巧因其内容、要求、对象、场合的不同而不同。为了准确、完满地传达说话人的原意,译员要根据具体情况,选择适当的方法,灵活运用各种不同的技巧,提高口译的表达效果。口译的方法和技巧可概括为以下几种:

一、直译

汉英两种语言属于不同的语系,在语言结构、表达方式、修辞手段和思维方式等方面都有各自的不同特点。但是,两种语言在词汇、句子结构、语序和文化内涵等方面又有一定的对等性。直译就是利用这种对等关系,口译时,在保证准确传递说话人原意的前提下尽量使原语在词语、句子结构和语序上与译入语保持一致。对等直译法是口译中最基本、最常用的方法,同时也是最有效、最实用、最简便的方法。

以下英语的汉译就是利用这种对等关系直译的。

(1) Today, technology has made us all virtual neighbors.

今天,科技使我们所有国家实际上成为邻邦。

(2) As you build a new China, America wants to build a new relationship with you;We want China to be successful, secure and open, working with us for a more peaceful and prosperous world.

当你们建设一个新中国的时候,美国希望同你们建立一种新型关系,我们希望中国成功、安全、开放、同我们一起为一个更加和平、繁荣的世界而工作。

(3) In the 21st century----your century----China and the United States will face the challenge of security in Asia.

在二十一世纪——你们的世纪——中美两国要面对亚洲安全问题的挑战。

(4) One of our founding fathers, Benjamin Franklin, once said: “Our critics are our friends, for they show us our faults.”

美国的奠基者之一, 本杰明﹒弗兰克林曾经说过:“批评我们的人就是我们的朋友,因为他们指出了我们的错误。”

以下汉语的英译也是利用英汉对等关系直译的。

(1) 首先,请允许我代表在座的,向我们的贵宾表示热烈的欢迎和真诚的问候。

First of all, please allow me, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greetings to our distinguished guests.

(2) 虽然我们来自不同的背景,说不同的语言,但是,我相信我们将通过对体育的共同热爱找到共同的语言和共同的友谊。

Although we come from many different backgrounds and speak many different languages, I am sure we shall find a common language and mutual friendship through our joint interest in sports.

(3) 我相信中国的改革开放和稳定会给亚欧国家的商界带来可观的投资和贸易良机。

I am convinced that China's reform, open up and stability will provide the business community of Asian and European countries with tremendous investment and trade opportunities.

(4) 我们将坚持“和平统一”和“一国两制”的基本原则。

We shall adhere to the basic principles of “peaceful reunification” and “one country, two systems”.

(5) 我们的干部要能上能下

Our cadres should be ready to go up and equally ready to go down.

从句子结构来看,有以下几种常见句型,英语和汉语是基本对应的。

1. 主语+系动词+表语

2. 主语+不及物动词

3. 主语+及物动词+宾语

4. 主语+及物动词+双宾语(间接宾语和直接宾语)

5. 主语+及物动词+复合宾语(宾语和宾语补足语)

6. There +系动词+主语

以下英语句子的汉译就是利用以上几种句子对等关系直译的。

(1) As you said in your toast, the Chinese people are a great people;the American people are a great people. If our two peoples are enemies, the future of this world we share together is dark indeed.

正如你在祝酒词中所说的,中国人民是伟大的人民,美国人民是伟大的人民。如果我们两国人民互相为敌,我们所共有的这个世界将黯淡无光。

(2) The distance between our two nations, indeed between any nations, is shrinking.

我们两国之间的距离,实际上,所有国家之间的距离都正在缩小。

(3) Over the past week, we have seen the glory of China’s past in Xi’an, the vibrancy of its present in Beijing, the promise of its future in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

在过去的一星期,我们在西安看到了过去的中国灿烂辉煌,在北京看到了今日的中国生气勃勃,在上海和香港看到了未来的中国前途无量。

(4) On behalf of all the members of my delegation, I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to our host for their gracious hospitality we have received.

我愿借此机会,代表我们代表团的全体成员,对我们受到的友好款待,向我们的东道主表示衷心的感谢。

(5) So I hope we will have many more Americans coming here to study, many more Americans coming here to be tourists, many more Americans coming here to do business.

所以我希望我们还会有很多美国人到这里学习,很多美国人到这里旅游,很多美国人到这里做生意。

(6) There is no reason for us to be enemies.

我们没有理由成为敌人。

以下汉语句子的英译也是利用以上几种句子对等关系直译的。

(1) 实现祖国完全统一是全中国人民的共同心愿。

To realize complete reunification of the motherland is the shared aspiration of the entire Chinese people.

(2) 我们生活在一个多极化的世界里。

We are living in a world of diversity.

(3) 我们坚持独立自主的和平外交政策。

We consistently pursued an independent foreign policy.

(4) 昨天,我参观了国际商用机器公司、美国电话电报公司和贝尔实验室,领略了当代

科技发展的前沿成就。

My visit to IBM, AT & T and the Bell laboratory yesterday gave me some first-hand

knowledge of the latest success in modern science and technology.

(5) 今天,正在为实现现代化而奋斗的中国人民,把改革开放作为一项基本国策。

Today the Chinese people who are struggling to achieve modernization have made the

opening–up a basic policy.

(6) 九届全国人大有女代表650人,占代表总数的21.82%。

There are 650 women deputies to the Ninth National People’s Congress, accounting for 21.82

per cent of the total.

改革开放以来,我国政治、经济、文化和社会生活各方面都发生了深刻的变化。各种新事物、新观念、新发现、新发明层出不穷,反映这些变化的新词语也不断涌现。对外宣传的汉语口译中随时可能涉及这些词语。另一方面靠译员熟练掌握口译的方法和技巧,善于根据具体情况,灵活处理,能直译的就直译,不能直译的就意译、转译或采用其它变通处理办法,关键在于达意,即准确无误的转达原话的意思。以下汉语新词语的英译就是采用直译法。英语表达既简洁明了,又生动活现。有的已约定俗成,广为流传。译员要特别留意记忆和积累这些词语。

建设有中国特色的社会主义build socialism with Chinese characteristics

加快改革开放的步伐quicken the pace of reform and opening-up

全方位、多层次、宽领域的对外开放opening up in all direction, at all levels and in a wide range 经济特区special economic zone

经济开发区economic development zone

中国西部大开发large-scale development in west China

经济腾飞economic take-off

知识经济knowledge economy

宏观调控macro-control

引进外资introduce foreign capital

竞争机制competition mechanism

外资企业foreign-funded enterprise

合资企业joint venture

独资企业wholly foreign-owned enterprise

私人企业private business

个体户self-employed businessman

炒股buying and selling shares

股民share holders

新兴产业emerging industry

高科技产品high-tech product

退耕还林(草)return cultivated land to forests or pastures

封山育林close off hillsides to facilitate forestation

一国两制one country, two systems

香港特别行政区Hong Kong Special Administration Region ( HKSAR )

政府机构改革restructure of government institutions

反腐败fight corruption /anti-corruption

廉政建设build a clean and honest government

公共关系public relation

人民公仆servant of the people

扶贫计划help-the-poor programs

打假anti fraud

扫黄打非eliminate the sale and production of pornographic and illegal publications

跨世纪人才cross-century talented people

超级市场supermarket

购物中心shopping center

连锁店chain store

娱乐中心entertainment center

绿色食品green-food

保健食品healthy food

度假村holiday villa

二、反译法

由于汉英思维方式的不同,英汉语言的表达习惯也不尽相同。口译中,有时正译难以措辞或者效果欠佳。这种情况下,一般要反其道而译之,在词义、句式、肯定与否定、主动与被动、先后顺序等方面采用正反变通方法来处理。这就是反译。某些特定的词汇和句式采用反译法语言更生动流畅,更能表达原意。

以下类型的句子都可以采用反译法,而且效果更佳。

1. 肯定与否定的反译。英汉互译中,某些英语否定句、双重否定句或介词结构可以用汉语的肯定句来表示。而英语的肯定式同样可以用汉语的否定式来表示。例如:

(1) It has given us not a little trouble

这给我们带来很多麻烦。

(2) He is no other than the professional talent we are looking for.

他正是我们要物色的专业人才。

(3) You couldn’t turn on television without seeing a woman advertising for some cosmetics.

你一开电视准会看到一个女人在作某化妆品广告。

(4) You will fail unless you work hard.

若不努力就会失败。

(5) This is the last thing we wish to see.

这是我们最不愿意看到的事情。

(6) Several times she wanted to tell him what had happened, but her courage failed her.

好几次她都想告诉他事情的真相,但是她没有勇气。

2. 其他反译。除了肯定与否定,反译也用于时间先后、不同位置、不同角度之间的互译。例如:

(1) After you please.

您先请。

(2) He never went to bed before 12 o’clock.

他总是十二点以后才睡觉。

(3) More tests should be conducted before we can come to a conclusion.

我们需要做更多的实验,然后才能得出结论。

(4) She sat there, her chin cupped in her hands.

她坐在那里,双手托着下巴。

三、意译法

语言是文化的组成部分和载体。不同民族的文化之间既存在着差异又互相联系,既有各自独特的个性又有普遍的共性。这种不同文化之间的共性为两种语言文化的交流——翻译提供了基础和可行性。而两种语言文化的个性又给这种交流和翻译造成障碍和困难。口译时,如

果按字面意思直译,意思可能含糊不请,不能确切表达原话的信息和文化内涵,有时还可能引起严重曲解,甚至与原意风牛马不相及,完全两回事。这时译员就要根据具体情况,采取其他变通办法,作适当的语法和词汇调整,或进行解释性翻译,或说明具体内容,关键是要译出原话的真正含义。这就是意译。例如,以下英语词语和句子若按字面意思或对等关系直译,结果不是产生歧义就是词不达意,只有意译才能确切表达原意。

直译意译

Queen’s English 女王的英语标准英语

small talk 小声交谈闲聊

sandwichman 卖三明治的人夹板广告员

queer fish 怪鱼怪人

black sheep 黑羊害群之马

lame duck 跛鸭落选的议员

Home Secretary 家庭秘书(英国的)内务大臣

at the eleventh hour 在第11点钟最后时刻

Wet paint! 湿油漆!油漆未干!

Keep off the lawn! 离开草坪!请勿践踏草坪!

I will show you the ropes. 我给你看些绳子我教你做法

You’d better go to se e a doctor. 你最好去看医生。你最好去看病。

He always tries to keep up 他总在极力追赶琼斯。他总在和周围的人攀比。

with the Joneses.

目前我们的对外宣传中出现了很多汉语新词语,这些词语都有特定的含义。如果不加分析一律采取对等直译,译出的英语可能概念模糊、意思不清,要不就是中式英语,外国人根本不理解。遇到这种情况,只能采取意译的方法。试比较以下汉语词语和句子的直译与意译的不同效果。

直译意译

拳头产品fist products competitive products / knock-out products

三角债triangle debts chain debts

经济作物economic crops cash crops / industrial crops

外向经济outward economy export-oriented economy

向钱看looking at money money-oriented / money grubbing / money mad

最高限价highest price ceiling price

认购recognize and buy offer to buy / subscribe

素质教育quality education education for all-round development

使中国经济走向世界

直译:make China’s economy go to the world market

意译:make China’s economy more competitive on the world market / make China a more ac tive economic player in the world

使中国经济与国际接轨

直译:make China’s economy be linked with international economy

意译:bring China’s economy more in line with international practice

实现小康目标

直译:achieve the goal of a little comfortable life

意译:achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relatively comfortable life

有着五千年文明史的中华民族文化博大精深,从古到今总有一些我们民族自己独有的东西。这些东西在英语里很难找到对应的词语来表达。比如,我国传统建筑里的很多东西都是我们民族独有的,英语里是没有对应词语的。它们的英译都是采用意译法。例如:斗拱结构a system of brackets inserted between the top of a column and a crossbeam

牌楼decorated archway

牌坊memorial archway

茶楼teahouse

酒楼wine shop

戏楼theater stage

吊脚楼wooden house projecting over the water

四合院courtyard with houses on the four sides;Chinese courtyard houses

窑洞cave dwelling

中国菜肴烹调技术之高超驰名中外,我国东西南北八大菜系和各民族风味各异的美味佳肴令外国游客大开眼界,大饱口福。然而,这些菜肴和食品的口译的确使我们的译员大伤脑筋。菜肴和食品的翻译最重要的是要译出是什么做的,采用什么方法做的。即抓住用料、刀法、烹调法和口味这几个关键,能直译的则直译,不能直译的则意译。例如:

北京烤鸭roasted Beijing duck

香酥鸡crisp fried chicken

醋溜子鸡fried spring chicken with vinegar sauce

糖醋黄鱼sweet and sour yellow croaker

清蒸鲑鱼steamed mandarin fish

清炖甲鱼braised turtle in clear soup

茄汁鱼丸fried fish balls with tomato sauce

青椒肉片fried sliced pork and green pepper

鱼香肉丝fish-flavored shredded pork in hot sauce

鲜菇大虾fried prawn with fresh mush rooms

荷叶粉蒸肉steamed flour-coated pork wrapped in lotus leaves

煨牛肉simmered beef

涮羊肉instant boiled mutton

有些菜肴和食品只有采用解释性的意译。例如:

五香牛肉spiced beef

葫芦鸡roasted whole chicken

松鼠黄鱼sweet and sour fried croaker in a squirrel shape

红烧狮子头stewed minced pork balls with brown sauce

芙蓉虾仁shrimps with egg white

麻婆豆腐spicy bean curd in Sichuan style

八宝糕eight-treasure pudding

什锦炒饭fried rice with ten ingredients

炸酱面noodles in Beijing style

扬州炒饭fried rice in Yangzhou style

凉面cold noodles with sesame sauce

饺子dumpling

元宵sweet dumpling

馄饨dumpling soup

油条deep fried dough sticks

花卷steamed roll

锅贴fried dumpling

包子steamed stuffed bun

窝窝头steamed corn bread

烧饼sesame seed cake

有些涉及汉字形象或中国特有器皿形状的描写是很难直译的,只有采取变通处理办法,进行意译。如:

三个人品字式坐下, 闲聊了一会儿. The three men sat facing each other and talking for a while. 秦始皇兵马俑一号坑呈长方形,二号坑呈曲尺形,三号坑呈“凹”字型。三个坑呈“品”字型排列。可译为:

Pit No. 1 of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s terra cotta warriors and horses is oblong in shape. Pit No. 2 is “L”-shaped and No. 3 is “U”-shaped. The three pits are arranged in a triangle.

汉武帝的陵墓形如复斗。The mausoleum of Emperor Wudi of Han dynasty was constructed in a ladder shape.

这样的英译虽不如汉语那样形象逼真,但也是一种较好的变通办法。

广袤无垠、絢丽多姿的神州大地和中华民族五千年的文明史所创造的不计其数的名胜古迹是中国悠久历史的见证,中国灿烂文化的缩影和中华民族勤劳智慧的结晶。名胜古迹的英译是宣传华夏文明、进行文化交流、帮助外国人了解中国的重要途径。但由于名胜古迹的取名常常涉及特定的历史背景,有丰富的文化内涵,口译起来比较困难,有的甚至根本无法翻译。因而,有些译员便采取简单的音译,或使用汉语拼音的办法予以应急,求得过关,但外国人听了却不知所云,毫无反应。因此,名胜古迹的口译除万不得已,应尽量采用意译或音译与意译并用的方法,译出其内容和含义,使外国人听其音,知其实,这样才能引起他们的兴趣,收到良好的效果。例如,以下名胜古迹采用意译,效果会好得多。

太和殿Hall of Supreme Harmony / Hall of Grand Harmony

中和殿Hall of Central Harmony

保和殿Hall of Preserving Harmony

养性殿Hall of Mental Cultivation

乾清宫Palace of Heavenly Purity

宁寿宫Palace of Peace and Longevity

长春宫Palace of Eternal Spring

储秀宫Palace of Gathering Excellence

大观园Garden of Grand View/ Grand View Garden

德和园Garden of Harmonious Virtue

拙政园Garden of Humble Administrator

乐寿堂Hall of Happiness and Longevity

大慈悲寺Temple of Great Mercy

慈恩寺Temple of Thanksgiving

献福寺Temple of Offering Happiness

独秀峰Peak of Unique Beauty

天都峰Heavenly Capital Peak

五老峰Five Old Men Peak

大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda

六和塔Pagoda of Six Harmonies

爱晚亭Love Dusk Pavilion

陶然亭Joyous Pavilion

万佛洞Cave of Ten Thousand Buddhist Figures

紫云洞Purple Cloud Cave

龙隐洞Hidden Dragon Cave

烟霞洞Cave of Morning Mist and Sunset Glow

四、增减译法

语言作为文化的一部分代代相传。汉英两种语言在其发展过程中都蕴含着各自丰富的文化信息,文化特征和文化背景。因此,口译的成功与否在很大程度上取决于译员对双方文化和社会背景的理解和熟知程度。口译中,遇到涉及交际双方社会和文化背景知识时,译员要根据听众的具体情况,加以必要的解释或补充说明,以提高口译效果, 这就是增译。比如,在口译以下英语词语和句子时最好加以补充说明。

the two Houses of American government 美国政府参、众两院

The Golden State 金山州——美国加州

Paradise of the Pacific 太平洋上的天堂——美国夏威夷州

The Sunshine State 阳光州——美国佛罗里达州

The Big Apple 大苹果——美国纽约市

The Motor City 汽车城——美国底特律市

The Film Capital of the World 世界影都——美国好莱坞

Broadway in Manhattan 曼哈顿的百老汇——美国纽约曼哈顿区的一条大街,以有名的

剧院著称

Wall Street in New York 华尔街——美国纽约市的一街道名,以金融业聚集而著称。“General Sherman” in Sequoia National Park 谢尔曼将军——美国加州红杉国家公园中一棵最高,树龄最长的巨杉树。

the two Houses of British government 英国政府上、下两院

Shadow Cabinet 英国政府的影子内阁,即在野党内阁

Speakers’ Corner 英国伦敦海德公园的讲演者之角,人们在这里可以发表任何内容的演说。Soapbox orators 肥皂箱上的演说家——指讲演者之角那些站在自带肥皂箱之类的东西

上发表演说的人

Democracy on the Soapbox 肥皂箱上的民主——指站在肥皂箱上发表的自由演说

Downing Street 唐宁街——英国伦敦首相官邸和政府主要部门所在地,即英国政府

Fleet Street 舰队街——英国伦敦一街道名,以报业集中而著称,指伦敦新闻界,伦敦报业Lombard Street 伦巴第街——伦敦金融中心,现指英国金融界、金融市场

同样,在我们的对外宣传和旅游的汉英口译中,译员要充分考虑中外文化差异和多数外国人

对中国社会和文化并不熟悉这一事实,汉译英时要根据听众的具体情况,对一些外国人不熟悉和难以理解的汉语常用术语,尤其是一些政治术语和有特定文化内涵的词语,进行必要的解释或说明。比如,我们非常熟悉的“人大”、“政协”、“四个现代化”、“双百方针”、“希望工程”等,如果只按字面直译,恐怕多数外国人不理解。但如果采用增译法,加上必要的解释或背景说明,外国人就好懂多了。

人大the National People’s Congress, China’s highest legislative body

政协the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, China's top advisory and supervisory body

四个现代化the four modernizations; that is the modernization of agriculture, industry, national defense, and science and technology

双百方针the principle of letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend in academic activities, art and literature sphere

希望工程Project Hope, a project aiming at assisting school dropouts in poverty-stricken areas by raising funds from all social organizations and individuals at home and abroad.

改革开放以后出现了很多有特定含义的汉语新词语。如果只按字面直译,不加解释和说明,外国人很难理解,甚至会产生严重误解。比如,如果把“五讲、四美、三热爱”不加解释,只按字面直译为“five stresses,four beauties and three loves” 外国人很可能理解为“...四个美人,三个情人” 之类的意思,因而感到莫名其妙。为了避免误解,比较准确地表达原意,这个短语的英译应加以解释和补充,译成“five stresses,four points of beauty and three aspects of love;that is stress on decorum,manners,hygiene,discipline,and morals;beauty of the mind,language,behavior and the environment;love of the motherland,socialism and the Communist Party.”这样效果就好多了。以下词语的英译都是采用增译法:

“两个文明”一起抓to place equal emphasis on both material advancement and ethical progress “三个代表” Three represents----The Communist Party of China always represents the requirement of the development trend of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people.

培养“四有公民”to train people to be citizens with high ideas, moral integrity, a good education and strong sense of discipline

对干部进行“三讲”教育to educate the cadres on the importance of study, raising political awareness and ensuring honesty and integrity.

抓大放小to invigorate large enterprises while relaxing control over small ones; to focus on the restructuring of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for themselves

安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents

“五个一工程” the Fiv e-one Program/ Project ( one good book, one good play, one good film, one good TV drama, and one or several creative and persuasive/convincing articles)

在对外介绍中国历史文化的口译中,常常会遇到一些我们中国人非常熟悉的有关重大历史事件,历史人物、典故、民风、民俗方面的汉译英。对不熟悉中国历史文化的外国人来说,适当的解释或补充说明非常重要。这样可以帮助外国人了解中国历史,文化和社会,提高对外宣传效果。以下词语的英语都稍加了补充说明,外国人听了容易理解。

改革开放以来since the implementation of reform and open policy in 1979

建国以来since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949

五四运动the May Fourth Movement, a great anti-imperialist, anti-feudal, political and cultural movement which took place on May fourth, 1919

炎黄子孙the descendants /offspring of Yandi and Huangdi, the two earliest chiefs of the Chinese nation and all the Chinese people are descendants of Yandi and Huangdi

秦始皇Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China who unified China in 220 BC

白居易Bai Juyi, a famous Chinese poet of Tang Dynasty in the 8th century

春节Spring Festival, the traditional Chinese New Year, which falls on the first day of the first month according to the Chinese lunar calendar.

中秋节the Mid-autumn Festival, a traditional festival of family reunion, which falls on fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month.

龙舟节the Dragon Boat Festival which falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. It is a festival to commemorate Qu Yuan, the great poet and patriotic figure of the State of Chu during the Warring State period.

泼水节Water-Sprinkling Festival, a big festival for the Dai Nationality to wish everyone happiness by splashing water to each other

口译,不论是英译汉还是汉译英都应以语言简洁明快、通俗易懂为佳。因此,译员要在不损害原意的情况下,尽量减去不必要的词语和重复,这就是减译。汉译英时,尽量避免使用过分中国化而外国人不懂的词语和冗长复杂的句子。比如,在参观导游,风景名胜介绍时,有人常常喜欢使用很多修饰语,详细描述景色或引经据典,介绍中国历史文化。如果译员不看对象,按原话逐字不漏地翻译,结果往往是画蛇添足,外国人迷惑不解,很快失去了听的兴趣。这一类的口译,一定要从实际出发,避免重复,简化情节。英语力求简单明了,使外国人一听就懂。也只有这样,才能引起他们的兴趣,收到良好的效果。

口译中,有时需要通过增加或删减词语, 达到最好的修辞效果。例如:

The private colleges vary greatly in standard and reputation, from the world-famous, and select to the cranky and the obscure.

私立院校的水平与声誉彼此相差甚远,从举世闻名, 出类拔萃到动荡不稳或默默无闻。

此句的汉译增加了词语,特别是恰当地运用了汉语的四字格的修辞手段,译文生动多了。China has a great tradition. It has huge resources. It has enormous strength of will and spirit.

中国有伟大的传统,丰富的资源,巨大的意志力和精神力量。

此句的汉译删去了两个重复的“ It has…”, 汉语既简练又流畅。

第九讲高中英语翻译技巧与能力训练(上)[讲义]

高考英语翻译技巧与能力训练 高考英语中的翻译(中译英)题要求考生能应用所学过的语法和词汇来准确地表达思想,是一种要求相当高的考查形式。要求考生把中文的句子译成通顺的、语法结构正确的、符合英语表达习惯的英语句子,并能准确地传达中文句子中的每一个信息。该题型全面地考查学生英语词汇、语法等知识的综合运用能力,它对学生的动词时态、语态、名词的单复数、冠词、形容词、副词、介词等应用能力,还对学生的词组、句型、句子结构等进行了全面考查。翻译不仅在高考英语主观题中占不小的比例,而且翻译能力还直接影响考生在作文中的表现。 高考评分标准: 1.每题中单词拼写、标点符号、大小写错误每两处扣一分;2.语法错误(包括时态错误)每处扣一分;3.译文没用所给的单词扣一分。 如何才能提高中译英水准,在高考中获得理想的分数呢?考生除了必须具备比较扎实的语言基础外,关键还在于学会总结规律,找准中译英的切入点。 一、分析句子结构、寻找合适的句型 中文必须仔细读,一定要看的就是题目给我们的关键字或关键的词组,也就是我们常说的key words。尤其是最后两句翻译句子,它们大都在句子结构上提高了难度。读什么?读出句子结构:对于简单句,辨别出主谓宾,分清定语、同位语和状语;对于并列句,记住两个语法意义上独立的分句,须由连词连接起来;对于复合句,须区分定语从句,名词性从句以及状语从句。一般来说,中译英的句型可分为三大类:1.简单句;2.并列句;3.复合句;同时我们也要注意非谓语动词及其他一些特殊结构。回顾近几年的高考试题时,也不难发现试题中考了一些特殊句式。如:It句型(近几年考得较为频繁)、倒装句、with结构。 例1: 昨天我的电脑坏了。(wrong) 解析:本题考查:1)简单句There be结构;2)wrong的用法;3)中英文表达的差异。 译句:There was something wrong with my computer yesterday. 例2: 遇到困难的时候,我们需要的不是彼此埋怨,而是互相帮助。(not…but) 解析:本题考查:1)复合句:when引导的状语从句;what引导的主语从句;2)not…but结构;3)“彼此埋怨”的英文翻译。 译句:When(we are)in difficulty/When we meet with difficulties/When we have difficulties ,what we need is not to blame each other but to help each other. 例3:我们能做什么来阻止这种疾病蔓延呢?(prevent) 分析:如果有学生没有读全中文原句的话,就很有可能看成是以前所做的“我们要做些什么来阻止这种疾病的蔓延”,而译为We should do something to prevent the spread of this disease.因为这个原因而造成扣分,就太不应该了。 译句:What can we do to prevent the spread of this disease? 例4:他很有可能通过自己的努力得到驾驶执照。(likely) 译句:He is likely to get the driving license with his own efforts. 分析:有些学生一看到有可能,就会想到自己比较熟悉的possible,想当然地翻译成It is possible that…的结构。其实,学生对likely这个key word的使用也是会的,完全能够使用be likely to do或It’s likely th at…的结构。 例5:上海近几年经历了许多变化,如今已成为世界闻名的经济中心。(go through) 分析:乍一看,学生很容易轻易下笔,Shanghai has gone through…,it has become…,这已成为很多学生的一个习惯,句子和句子中随便用逗号隔开,英语不像中文,必须要考虑到句子的结构,逗号也不能随意使用。而此句中,就要想到用并列句中的连接词and来连接两个成分。

综合学术英语翻译第二册

综合学术英语翻译 Unit 1 1. 无论是谁,闯红灯都是对公共安全的极端漠视。 ( complete disregard for ) Whoever run the red light shows a complete disregard for public safety. 2. 他解释说,成功不过是自己对艺术的执着追求和运气罢了。 ( nothing more than ) Success, as he explained, was nothing more than a consistent pursuit of art and good luck. 3. 这个新产品得益于生物学与医学的交叉研究。 (at the crossroads between ) The new product has benefited from research work at the crossroads between biological and medical studies. 4. 他的观点与那位伟大哲学家的思想惊人地相似,但他声称从未听说过其观点。(echo ) It was amazing that this idea well echoed the great philosopher 's belief, which he claimed not to have heard about before. 5. 队员们进行了为期一个月的紧张训练,充分做好准备,以应对可能发生的各种突发情 况。(prepare …well for ) The one-month intense training program prepared the team members well for the possible emergencies. 6. 那位环保人士所做的演讲生动有力,给现场观众留下了深刻的印象。( be impressed with) The audience was deeply impressed with the vigor and power of the speech delivered by the environmentalist. 7. 这次旅行将为你提供一个难得的体验不同生活方式的机会。( sample) This traveling experience will provide you with a rare opportunity to sample a different way of life. 8. 充分利用有限时间是适应快节奏现代生活的必备技能之一。( use time to its fullest potential ) Using the limited time to its fullest potential is one of the must-have/required skills in adapting to the fast-paced modern life.

英语翻译Unit

英语翻译Unit- Unit1 1我们经常为我们的外国朋友准备一些中国食品。 We often prepare some Chinese food for our foreign friends. 2你能给我帮个忙吗? Can you give me some help? 3我们给他在这个旅馆预定一个比较安静的房间吧。 Let's reserve for him a quiet room in the hotel. 4李丽每天早晨教格林先生学习中文。 Lily teaches Mr.Green Chinese every morning. 5请叫我大卫好了。 Please call me David. 6你经常给父母发电子邮件吗? Do you often send e-mails to your parents? 7这篇课文中有不少生词。 There are quite a few new words in this text. Unit2 1.我有一套关于英语学习的光盘,对我很有帮助。 I have a set of VCD on English learning.It is very helpful to me. 2.小李向一家旅行社递交了求职申请。 Xiao Li has handed in a job application letter to a travel agency. 3.她喜欢喝果汁,但是这只杯子里的果汁太甜了。 She likes fruit juice,but the juice in this glass is too sweet. 4.她是系里惟一的一位喜欢弹钢琴的女孩子。 She is the only girl who enjoys playing the piano in the department. 5.这是一部二手车,但是这部车的车况很好。 This is a used(second-hand)car,but it is in very good condition. Unit3

论文:浅析英语翻译能力提升的障碍和策略

论文:浅析英语翻译能力提升的障碍和策略摘要:翻译能力是英语综合能力的重要组成部分,也是英语专业学生必需具备的基本能力。要全面提升英语翻译能力,需要了解英汉两种文化的差异性,具备深厚的语言功底,掌握熟练的翻译技巧。 关键字:英语翻译能力;提升;障碍;策略 中西文化差异是影响英语翻译能力提升的重要因素,除了文化因素外,英语翻译能力的提升还受到其他因素的影响,本文将进一步的展开叙述影响英语翻译能力提升的障碍及其相应的策略。 一、影响英语翻译能力提升的障碍 1.中西文化的差异性容易造成英语翻译误会 英语翻译就是汉语和英语相互转换的过程,这个过程不仅仅是一种语言现象,也体现了跨文化现象。具体来说,中西方的文化差异体现在文化传统、生活习惯、价值观念和思维方式等方面,而这些层面的差异性往往会造成人们对同一事物有着不同的理解和解释,因此不同文化的差异性容易造成英语翻译的误会。比如,生活中最常见的信封的写法,在中国,习惯的书写顺序是国名,省、市、县、街道,最后才是收信人姓名。而在西方国家信封的书写顺序恰好相反。因此在学习英语知识的同时,需要更加注意对英语文化知识的了解和掌握。

2.语言基础知识掌握不扎实,影响了翻译的准确性 英语翻译就是英汉两种语言之间的相互转换,在转换的过程中主要涉及两个方面,首先翻译者要正确地领悟原文的意思,其次要通过译文将原文确切的表达出来,达到“信达雅”的标准。因此翻译者需要牢固地掌握英汉两种语言。但是由于多方面的因素,翻译者的语言基础知识掌握不扎实,很多翻译者的词汇量太少,经常背了忘,而又不重视巩固复习,或者死记硬背不会灵活运用,此外,语法掌握也不扎实,对一些基本的句型模棱两可,不能正确理解更不会运用。 二、提升英语翻译能力的具体策略 1.通过词汇、语法和阅读,了解中西文化之间的差异性 在英语的学习中,提高英语翻译能力,不仅要加强英语语言知识的学习,还要注重对英语文化知识的了解。具体来说,可以通过词汇、语法以及阅读等的学习获取英语文化知识。 首先,通过词汇的学习了解中西文化知识。词汇是英语语言的基本元素,掌握词汇的过程中,仅仅注重词汇正确的拼写和准确的发音是远远不够的,更主要的是学会如何恰当的运用词汇和组织词汇。因此,在背诵英语词汇意思的基础之上还需要进一步了解词汇产生的文化背景知识,尤其是了解习语、谚语和成语这一类词语的文化内涵、感情色彩以及

综合英语2课后翻译Translation

Translation Unit1 1、天开始下雨,她走向附近的一个避雨处。 It started raining, she made for the nearest shelter. 2、她挑了一顶帽子,正好配她的衣服。 She picks out a cap which match her clothes perfectly. 3、我等了一个小时,可还是没见他的人影。 I waited for an hour, but he did not show up. 4、他们觉得还是呆在原地好。 They figured it was better to stay where they were. 5、小岛上发生的地震,造成了23人死亡。 The earthquake which struck the island caused 23 deaths. 6、在离开村子20年后,他终于回家了。 He returned home at length after being away from the village for 20 years. 7、她的许多同事已经失去了工作,她总算保住了。 Many of her colleagues have lost their job, while she eventually hold on to it.

Unit 2 1、老师告诉我瓶里的液体可以去除金属和瓷器上的污渍。 The teacher told me that the bottle of liquid could remove stains from the mental and china. 2、坐在我旁边的学生忐忑不安的看着考场的四周。 The students sitting beside me looked around the examination room with apprehension. 3、他现在大学毕业了,自己养活自己。 He is now out of college, and lives on his own. 4、他们轮流睡觉,以免出差错。 They took turns staying awake, in case anything went wrong. 5、大女儿也许会接父亲的班,等她长大后接管家业。 The elder daughter might follow her father’s footsteps, and take over the family business when she’s old enough. 6、他不得不跳下车,推车上山。 He had to get off the bike, and push it up to the hill. 7、这副手套将保护你的手不受冻。 The pair of gloves will protect your hands from the cold.

科技英语翻译的原则_方法及技巧.

翻译是把一种语言里已经表达出来的事物用另一种语言准确流畅地进行重新表达的过程。与其他题材的文章相比,科技专业文章在内容、表达形式和风格上有很大的差别,具有科技性强、专业性强、逻辑严密、表达要求简练的特点,在翻译上力求准确全面、严谨明确和通顺简练。 1科技英语翻译遵循的基本原则 从科技文章的特点来看,大多具有以下几个特征:述说事理、逻辑性强、结构严密、术语繁多,语言严谨、数据精确。这就要求译文必须概念清楚、条理分明、逻辑正确、数据无误,尤其对定义、定律、公式、图表、结论等更应特别注意。科技英语作为特殊英语的一个分支,在词汇构成、遣词造句等方面都有其自身的特点,其语法结构不十分严密、语言习惯和汉语也有不少差别、词汇量大、词语繁多,因此科技英语翻译起来比较困难。另外,科技文章比较重视叙事逻辑上的连贯及表达上的明晰与畅达; 避免行文晦涩,避免表露个人感情,避免论证上的主观随意性。因此,科技英语翻译力求少用或不用描述性形容词以及具有抒情作用的副词、感叹词及疑问词,而是大量使用科技词汇、专业技术用语,译者应尊重客观事实,不能随意改动数据、回避不易翻译的文字,更不能加进自己的主观想象,进行自由翻译。 我国著名翻译家严复提出的“信、达、雅”三准则一直为不少翻译工作者所接受。 “信”指的是译文要忠实于原文,“达”是指译文的通顺达意,“雅”指的是译文的用词修辞。三准则体现了译文和原文信息等值这一基本要领。 “信、达、雅”的翻译准则对各种英语文体的翻译实践都具有指导意义,是衡量一篇译文好坏的标准,也同样适用于科技文献的翻译。由于科技文章特有的文体特征,与其他类文章相比,其“达”和“雅”的内涵不同,它要求在准确传达信息的基础上,使译文更加简洁明快,流畅通顺。2科技英语翻译的基本方法

浅议英语翻译能力的培养-文档资料

浅议英语翻译能力的培养 高等学校很注重培养英语专业学生的翻译能力。要具备一定的翻译能力,学生必须具有深厚的语言功底?p广博的文化知识?p熟练的翻译技巧?p正确的翻译观念和严谨的翻译态度。因此,要培养和提高英语专业学生的翻译能力,教师应该从以下几个方面入手。 一?p掌握好汉语和英语的基础知识 翻译是一个语言转换的过程。从根本上讲,这个过程要解决两个问题:一是如何深刻地理解原文;二是如何用译文确切地表达原文的意思。因此,译者要较好地掌握英语和汉语两种语言,具备较强的语言理解能力和表达能力,这是做好翻译的前提条件。 从语言学角度讲,英语和汉语之间最大的区别莫过于形合和意合的区别。英语是重形合的语言,即英语中词语或句子间的连接主要依靠连接词来完成。汉语是重意合的语言,即汉语中词语或句子间的连接主要依靠语义或句子之间的逻辑关系来完成。例如“他今天没来,母亲住院了”(Hedidnotcometodaybecausehis mother was hospitalized),在这个例子中,汉语原文在表达因果关系时,没有使用任何表示因果关系的词汇,但是读者一看就能理解。然而,在翻译成英语的时候,必须加上连接词because,否则就会出现语法错误。二?p积累广博的文化知识 翻译材料涉及面极广,学生要具备渊博的知识。具体来说,文学性的翻译需要学生具备广博的文化知识,科技翻译需要学生具备相关的专业知识。另外,学生还要掌握大量的习语和俚语,这样在翻译时才不会被句子的字面意义所迷惑。如“I decidedto sit at his feet”这句话的字面意思是“我决定坐在他的脚上”,但实际上,“sit at his feet”是一个习语,表示“拜他为师”。 三?p培养严谨的翻译态度 英语和汉语的句子结构复杂,词汇意义也复杂多变,在翻译中出现错误是难以避免的,但是教师应该让学生尽量避免错误,避免粗枝大叶,望文生义。此外,学生在翻译时还应多关注细节,如单词的拼写?p标点符号?p小词等。例如,“中国政府”应该翻译成Chinese government还是the Chinese government这

最新综合英语第二版第二册-U1-u7课后翻译

UNIT1 1. For some,it was a matter of geography---not just which tower they worked in or on which floor,but in which corner of the building. 对有些人来说,生死攸关的是此时此刻他们所在的位置——不仅是哪幢楼,哪一层,更重要的是大楼的哪个角落。 2. In the noise, smoke and sparks, Mayblum didn't realize that his friend Hong Zhu was behind him in the stairwell the whole time. 周围噪声震耳,烟雾弥漫,火星四溅,梅布勒姆没有意识到,他的朋友朱虹始终就在他身后的楼梯井里。 3. piece by piece, she developed a picture of his escape: Harry was on the 87 when the plane hit. 她一点一点地拼出了哈里逃生的场景:飞机撞击时,他正在87层。 4. But as hard as she tried, as many questions as she asked, the picture began to fade on the 36th floor 但是,尽管她绞尽了脑汁,问了无数问题,她拼出的场景还是在第36层上逐渐模糊了 1.那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进的技术,令观众仿佛身临其境。( illusion ) Thanks to modern technology , the film about that ancient battlegives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves. 2.在那场大火中,整个古城毁于一旦,但是这块石碑却幸运地保存了下来(devastate) That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived . 3.他们看了那段录像,听了那位妇女的讲述,心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情。(fill with) The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake . 4.那场大地震中,我们听到过太多太多教师的事迹,他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生,献出了自己的生命。(leave behind )In that earthquake , we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives . 5.豫园的建造始于1558年,但由于资金短缺时建时停,1578年才建成。(off and on ) The construction of the Yu Yuan Garden began in 1558 ,but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money 6.1980年我遇到她时,她刚从国外读完硕士回来。(meet up with ) In 1980, when I met up with her , she had just returned from abroad with a master’s degree . 7.这是我第一次来纽约,但我还是设法找到了那家小公司。(find one’s way to) It was my first visit to New York , but Imanaged to find my way to the small firm . 8.在电影界要达到顶峰是非常困难的,但是作为一名导演谢晋做到了。( make up ) It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry , but as a director Xie Jin did it . UNIT 2 1.Middle-aged folks work out in gym and jog down the street, trying to delay the effects of age. 中年人在体育馆锻炼身体 2.The most unsettling aspect of youth is the uncertainty you feel about your values, goals, and dreams. 青年人最不稳定的因素是他们对价值、目标、梦想的不确定。 3.I can make a speech in front of a town meeting or complain in a store because I am no longer terrified that people will laugh at me; I am no longer anxious that everyone must like me. 镇上开会我可以大胆发言 4.I no longer blame my parents for my every personality quirk or keep a running score of everything they did wrong raising me. 我不再因为自己个性方面的缺陷责怪父母 1、如今许多爱慕虚荣的年轻人,尽管还不富裕,但却迷上了漂亮的小汽车。 Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them. 2、当他的婚外恋被妻子发现后,他们的婚姻终于破裂了。 Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife. 3、那位艺术家为了获得创作的灵感,在农村住了三年,放弃了生活上的许多享受。 For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself many comforts of life.

新概念英语翻译unit5----unit8

新概念英语翻译unit5----unit8 Unit5 1.直到看到弥留之际躺在床上的母亲,他才意识到自己是多么地爱她。(not until) 1.Not until he saw his mother lying in bed, dying, did he realize how much he loved her. 2.考虑到他最近的身体状况,我认为他这次考试成绩还不错. 2. Taking into account of his recent physical condition, I think he has done quite well in the exam. 3.克拉克夫人躺在床上一动不动,一时间我都纳闷她是否和活着。(wonder if) 3. Mrs. Clark lies in bed motionless, and I wondered briefly if she is still alive. 4.整栋楼一片黑暗,只有三楼的某个窗户透出一丝光。(except for) 4. The building was darkened except for a single light burning in a third-storey window. 5.这些士兵接受了严格的训练,并且对完成这项新任务有充分的准备。(be equipped) 5. These soldiers have received very strict training and are well equipped to fulfill the new task. 6.他伸手拿起电话,拨通了宾馆的号码。(reach for) 6. He reached for the phone, picked it up, and dialed the hotel’s number. Unit6 1.我们应该尽最大努力预测地震,这样地震造成的财产破坏才会被尽可能的避免。(so that) 1. We should try our best to forecast earthquakes so that destruction of property caused by them could be prevented as much as possible. 2.一个农民注意到有很多鱼在水面上游动,他说这预示着可能有地震发生。(which) 2. A farmer noticed large schools of fish swimming near the surface of the water, which, he said, indicated the possible occurrence of an earthquake. 3.要将英英词典放在手边,当你不能准确地理解单词时,你就能随时查阅。(keep sth handy) 3. Keep an English-English dictionary handy, and when you cannot understand a word with accuracy, you may refer to it any time. 4.如有必要,生活在将要发生地震地区的人可以睡在帐篷里。(if necessary) 4. If necessary, people who live in the area where an earthquake is about to occur may sleep in tents. 5.对一个想找工作的学生来说,有没有硕士学位的确有很大影响。(make a difference) 5. A master’s degree does make a great difference to a student who wants to get a job. 6.这本书除了告诉我们地震方面的知识外,还告诉我们如何做好预防工作。(in addition to) 6. In addition to the knowledge about earthquakes, the book tells us how to prepare for them.

考研英语怎样提高翻译能力

考研英语:怎样提高翻译能力? 在英语翻译备考中,许多人总想一步登天,跨考教育英语教研室的孟老师在此着重强调,须知任何能力(包括英语翻译在内)的提升必定要经过反复练习的过程。当然,练习是有方法可循的,比如系统学习翻译的方法、原理、固定句式和译法、多学习比较优秀的译文等等。 要做好翻译其实并不是机械地在大量的词库句库中搜求配对,片面追求字面的精准,而是对信息的传达。这就要求译者不仅对源语言有准确的理解,并且对于目标语言也要有优秀的表达能力。很多时候你能明白一整段的意思,却觉得不能自如组织成书面汉语,是因为其实你的汉语表达能力也不够。 提高汉语表达能力,建议可以从经典作品的译本和各大电影字幕组的翻译作品中学习。前者的翻译作品比较严谨传神;后者则生动俏皮,富有时代气息。在学习这些资料时,并不是说某句英文只有资料里的一种翻译方法,以后碰到这句话就直接照搬照抄译文,资料只是辅助,要学习的是其中的思路和方法。 另外,不要太拘泥于所谓的翻译理论。语法和理论都是随着时代的更迭不断更新的,比如当下不断涌现出的各种新词汇,必须与时俱进。 翻译最重要的一点,就是对文章的理解,要彻底读懂文章想表达的思想,甚至尝试去体会原作者的想法,才能翻译出更贴切、更符合原文的译文。 所以,总结起来,你需要经历三个阶段: 首先,语法学好,能正确理解句子; 第二,接受系统的翻译训练,学会翻译方法; 第三,就在提高汉语能力形成地道的表达 你可以一边学习方法和原理、多加练习,一边做语言功底上的积累,才谓标本兼治的“有效”;至于“快速”,其实是你有多勤奋的问题——假设可以使你熟能生巧、从量变达到质变的那个量是一定的。 现在的你达到那个阶段了呢??? 综上就是小编给大家提供的高分技巧,技巧就是牢固的知识点和强悍的答题思路,预祝所有

全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2课文翻译

Unit 1 Text A Howard Gardner, a professor of education at Harvard University, reflects on a visit to China and gives his thoughts on different approaches to learning in China and the West. 哈佛大学教育学教授霍华德·加德纳回忆其中国之行,阐述他对中西方不同的学习方式的看法。 Learning, Chinese-Style Howard Gardner 1 For a month in the spring of 1987, my wife Ellen and I lived in the bustling eastern Chinese city of Nanjing with our 18-month-old son Benjamin while studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools. But one of the most telling lessons Ellen and I got in the difference between Chinese and American ideas of education came not in the classroom but in the lobby of the Jinling Hotel where we stayed in Nanjing. 中国式的学习风格 霍华德·加德纳 1987年春,我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月,同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。然而,我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂,而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店的大堂。 2 The key to our room was attached to a large plastic block with the room number on it. When leaving the hotel, a guest was encouraged to turn in the key, either by handing it to an attendant or by dropping it through a slot into a box. Because the key slot was narrow, the key had to be positioned carefully to fit into it. 我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑料板上。酒店鼓励客人外出时留下钥匙,可以交给服务员,也可以从一个槽口塞入钥匙箱。由于口子狭小,你得留神将钥匙放准位置才塞得进去。 3 Benjamin loved to carry the key around, shaking it vigorously. He also liked to try to place it into the slot. Because of his tender age and incomplete understanding of the need to position the key just so, he would usually fail. Benjamin was not bothered in the least. He probably got as much pleasure out of the sounds the key made as he did those few times when the key actually found its way into the slot. 本杰明爱拿着钥匙走来走去,边走边用力摇晃着。他还喜欢试着把钥匙往槽口里塞。由于他还年幼,不太明白得把钥匙放准位置才成,因此总塞不进去。本杰明一点也不在意。他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。 4 Now both Ellen and I were perfectly happy to allow Benjamin to bang the key near the key slot. His exploratory behavior seemed harmless enough. But I soon observed an interesting phenomenon. Any Chinese staff member nearby would come over to watch Benjamin and, noting his lack of initial success, attempt to assist. He or she would hold onto Benjamin's hand and,

初二下册 英语翻译 Unit

班级:2017级8班姓名: Unit 6 3a 1979年11月,英国的小学生能看到一个叫《猴子》的新电视节目。他们中的大多数是第一次听到这个故事。然而,这个故事对中国孩子来说并不新鲜。美猴王或孙悟空是这本中国传统著作《西游记》的主角。 美猴王不单单是任何普通的猴子。实际上,他有时甚至看起来不像一只猴子!这是因为他能进行形状和大小的72般变化,把他自己变成不同的动物和物体。但是除非他能藏起自己的尾巴,要不他不能把自己变成人。为了打坏人,美猴王使用一根神奇的棒子。有时他能让这根棒子如此小以至于他能把它放在耳朵里。其他时间,他能使它变大变长。 美猴王已经使中国的孩子兴奋不已很多年了。30多年前这个电视节目刚一播出的时候,西方的孩子就对读这个故事产生了兴趣,因为聪明的美猴王总是为帮助弱者而战,从不放弃。 2b 《韩赛尔与葛雷特》 韩塞尔与葛雷特同他们的父亲和继母住在森林附近。一年,气候如此干燥,以至于没有食物能生长。妻子告诉她的丈夫,除非他把孩子们丢弃在森林里,让他们死去,否则全家都得死。葛雷特听到这个,韩塞尔制定了一个计划来救自己和他的妹妹。 第一场: 葛雷特:你听到继母打算把我们杀了吗? 韩塞尔:不用担心!我有一个计划来救我们。 葛雷特:你能怎么救我们? 韩塞尔:安静!我要到外面的月光下找点东西。现在,去睡觉。 第二场: 妻子:起床,懒惰的孩子们! 丈夫:是的,亲爱的。你们必须和我去森林里捡木头。 妻子:这里有些面包。你们到森林的时候才可以吃。 第三场: 葛雷特:韩塞尔,你在做什么? 韩塞尔:我在沿街撒白石头。如果我不这么做,我们将会迷路。今晚,在皎洁月光的照耀下,我们就会看到这些石头。 第四场: 妻子:你们这些坏孩子!你们在森林里睡了多长的时间啊! 丈夫:我们以为你们永远不会回来了。 妻子:现在,去睡觉。当你们一觉醒来的时候,你们必须和你们的父亲一起去森林。 韩塞尔:什么,还得去?我想出去看看月亮。 妻子:不行,你现在不能出去。

全新版大学英语综合教程第二册英文翻译中文

1单元 1.Appalled by what their children spend on candy and video games(or, rather, appalled by the degree to which their children’s overspending seems to mimic their own), parents devise ways to lock up their children’s resources. 孩子们在糖果、电子游戏上的花费之大令家长们十分震惊(或者更确切地说,孩子们的超支行为似乎是在竭力仿效父母,这令家长们十分震惊),于是家长便设法把孩子们的钱存起来不让他们用。 2、Compounded, that works out to an annual rate of more than 70 cent 以复利计算,年息达到 70%以上。 3、 give them unlimited access to their funds, no questions asked, and I provide printed statements I on demand. 他们使用自己的资金我不加任何限制,不做任何询问,我还根据要求随时提供打印的账单。 4、The only way to teach kids to adopt a lo-term perspective is to give them a short-term incentive for doing so. 教育孩子们看问题要有长远目光的唯一途径,是让孩子们近期内便能尝到某种甜头,从而激励他们去那样做。 2单元 1.Only in america can a billionaire carry on like plain folks and get away with it. 只有在美国,一个亿万富翁才能像普通百姓一样,安稳地过着普普通通的日子。 2.By all accounts,he's friendly, cheerful,a fine nerghbor who does his best to blend in,never flashy,never throwing his weight around. 人人都说他为人友善,性情开朗,是个好邻居;他尽力与人们融洽相处,从不炫耀,也从不盛气凌人。 3.But one recent morning, The Richest Man in America did something that would have made headlines anywhere in the world: He forgot his money.但最近的一个早晨,美国最富有的人做的事情会有头条任何地方在世界:他忘了他的钱。 4.But just how long walton can hold firm to his folksy habits with celebrity hunters keeping following him wherever he goes is anyone’s guess. 然而,沃尔顿所到之处名人追星族紧跟不舍,他的平民习惯能保持多久,就很难说了。3单元 1.“I made some comment about him, I don’t remember exactly what, but I got the typical teenager guttural sigh and Katie rolled her eyes at me as if to say, ‘Oh Dad, you are so out of it.’” “我做了一些关于他的评论,我不记得什么,但我得到了典型的少年的喉 音叹息和凯蒂推出了她的眼睛,我仿佛在说,'哦,爸爸,你是如此的出 它。” 2.As telephones became ubiquitous inthe last century, users— adults and teenagers alike—found a form of privacy and easy communication unknown to Alexander Graham Bell or his daughters. 上个世纪电话到处普及的时候,电话使用人——打人孩子都一样——发现 了一种私密空间和简便的交流方式,这是亚历山大格兰姆贝尔和他的女 儿们始料未及的 3.Baby boomers who warned decades ago that their out-of-touch parents couldn’t be trusted now sometimes find themselves raising children who—thanks to the Internet and the cellphone—consider Mom and Dad to be clueless,too. 婴儿潮重诞生的人几十年前曾警告说, 他们的父母脱离现实,不能信任。现在他们自己也有了孩子,这些孩子 由于互联网和手机的缘故,也认为爸妈一无所知。” 4.I could have them in the same room texting, or I wouldn’t let them text and they would leave,”says Mr.Pence of his children. “They are good kids, but you want to know what they are up to. “我要么让他们呆在同一间屋里发短信,要么不让他们发短信而他们就走 开。”潘斯先生这样说他的孩子们。“他们是孩子,但是父母还是想知道 他们在干些啥。”研究表明,笑能够带来许多健康上的好处。 4单元 1.It is the sound of the only lasting disagreement in a household that is otherwise peaceful. 这是一个原本安宁的家庭中 唯一持续不去的不和谐音。 2.It leads to intimacy before acquaintance; it scatters secrets outwards, not inwards; and, most worrying of all, it is a vehicle for liars. 它使人们还未相识就已接近;它不能保守秘密反而扩散秘密; 而最令人担心的是,它是撒谎人传播谎言的工具 3.I said, trying to be reasonable but altogether succeeding, that in and among the thing they “tell”each other on the tap-tap, a tendency to murder might just have been overlooked, might it not? 我说,他们啪嗒啪嗒“讲给”互相听的事情中,杀人的倾 向或许就被这忽略了,难道这不可能吗?我说这话时尽量想做到通情达 理,但不完全成功。 4.Needless to say, it is a new version of the old tale of innocents calling forth evil forces they cannot control, this time in the form of a visitor with the ever-handy axe packed in his luggage. 不用说,这又是一些无辜的人引出了邪恶的力量却又不能控制 的老故事的翻版,这一次的邪恶力量是以一位来客的面貌出现,但行囊 中却藏着斧头,随时可以拿出来杀人。 5单元 I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it---repeating the process 14 times until,utterly spent,I would be through---I could then admit defeat and lie down and die. 我觉得如果有一天我无法再抬起一只脚迈上一个台阶,再痛苦地拖起另一 只脚——将这个过程重复14 遍,直到精疲力竭爬上去——到那时候我 就会服输并躺下死去。I believed that in this whole world I alone had been chosen to suffer. 我认为在这整个世界里,就我一个人被选 中去受苦受难。In the next few forzen seconds the shame and horror of that moment penetrated,and I was sick with an intensity I had never felt before. 刹那间,时间凝固了,我感到万分 的羞愧和震惊。我从来没有这么难受过。I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity,selfishness,and indifference to the needs of others. 我意识到我的自艾自怜、自私,以及对他人需求的冷 漠,已到了无可复加的地步。他这人话不多,但要说玩电脑那他就太机 灵了,同学们都不是他的对手。 6单元 1.The thought of answering other people’s telephones,typing other people’s work and watching other people take credit for my ideas and opinions would throw me into week-long bouts of depression. 每当我想起给别人回电话、打字,看到我出的主意和见解 却让别人去受益时,常常整个星期都会闷闷不乐。 2.How long could I live like this?Certainly not until I retired. 这 样的生活我能维持多久?肯定不会到我退休之时。 3.I steeled myself to travel the road that would lesd me to a better understanding of who I was and of what I wanted out of life. 我坚定地走下去,这条路将使我更好地了解自己,更好地认清自己 生活的目的。 4.And it’s not so much the results of the action that have reshaped me(although that’s important,too)as it is the realization that I have within myself what it takes to do what I set out to do. 此外,给我带来新的生活的,与其说是自己努力取得的 结果(虽然这也很重要),不如说是由于意识到自己具有潜在的能力可以 做自己想做的事。自从新政策生效之后,很多小企业在这个城市涌现出 来。 7单元 1.It is unparalleled in several ways: by the increasing number of users of the language; by its depth of penetration into societies; by its range of functions. 这一过程在几个方面都有前所 未有的:英语使用人数的增加,英语在不同社会渗透的深度,以及英语功 用的广度。 2.What began some 1,500 years ago as a crude language, originally spoken by little known German tribes who invaded England, now covers the globe. 大约1500 年前,英语还只是那些 入侵英格兰的鲜为人知的日耳曼部落使用的一种粗俗的语言,如今它却遍 及全球。 3.With this technical and scientific dominance came the beginning of overall dominance by the language, first in Europe and then globally. 随着它在科技领域主导地位的确立,英语先是在欧 洲,继而在全球开始取得全面的主导地位。 4.While languages such as English, German, and French have been international languages because of their governments' political power, this is less likely to be the case in the 21st century where economics and shifts in population will have more influence on languages. 虽然英语、德语和法语这些语言曾经 凭着各自政府的政治力量而成为国际语言,这种情况在经济和人口变化 对语言的影响更大的21 世纪不太可能发生。 请浏览后下载,资料供参考,期待您的好评与关注!

相关文档