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(带翻译答案)计算机专业英语期末复习材料v2

(带翻译答案)计算机专业英语期末复习材料v2
(带翻译答案)计算机专业英语期末复习材料v2

计算机专业英语

Unit 1 Computer and Computer Science

词汇:

PC个人计算机; IC 集成电路;LSI 大规模集成,;VLSI 超大规模集成; CPU 中央处理器;AI;人工智能ENIAC电子数字积分计算机; instruction set指令集; program程序; laptops膝上电脑; palmtops掌上电脑; desktops桌面电脑; input devices输入设备; output devices输出设备; bus总线; memory storage devices内存存储设备; microcomputer微型计算机; microchip微芯片; microprocessor微处理器, minicomputer小型电脑; workstation工作站; mainframe大型机; supercomputer超级电脑; general-purpose computer通用计算机; dedicated computer专用计算机; analog(ue) computer模拟计算机, digital computer数字计算机; electronic computer电子计算机; optical computer光计算机vacuum tube真空管; transistor晶体管; IC; LSI & VLSI.

1.计算机的定义

2.计算机的发展经历的各个时代所采用的电子器件

3.计算机的分类

4.程序的概念

5.字节与位的概念

6.数字计算机的组成(五大部分)

Unit 2 Computer Architecture

词汇:

OS操作系统,BIOS基本输入输出系统; CRT阴极射线管; LCD液晶显示,RAM随机存储器, ROM只读存储器, CD-ROM 光盘只读存储器, MODEM调制解调器, address bus地址总线, data bus数据总线, control bus控制总线, main memory主内存, primary memory主内存, virtual memory虚拟内存, volatile memory 易失性存储器; nonvolatile memory非易失性存储器; hard disk硬盘, floppy disk软盘, compact disc 光盘, optical disc光盘, hard disk drive硬盘驱动器, scanner扫描仪, mouse鼠标, keyboard键盘, printer打印机, monitor显示器, speaker扬声器, microphone麦克风, modem调制解调器, retrieve检索, serial connection串行连接; parallel

connection并行连接;

1.计算机硬件的分类

2.常用的输入输出设备以及存储设备分别有哪些。

3.显示器的分类,打印机的分类

4.RAM与ROM的各自的特点

5.串行连接与并行连接的特点及区别

Unit 3 Computer Language and Programming

词汇:

programming language 编程语言,programmer程序员, portable/executable/ compatible 可移植/可执行/可兼容, code代码

command控制, OOP面向对象编程, (object-oriented programming language), SQL结构化查询语言, artificial language人工语言; natural langrage自然语言, procedure过程, procedure-oriented language面向过程语言, object-oriented language面向对象语言, functional language函数式语言; logic language逻辑语言; variable变量, statement声明, program statement程序声明, function statement函数声明, assignment statement赋值语句, conditional statements 条件语句, data declaration statements数据声明语句, expression表达式, function函数; storage register存储寄存器, method方法, array数组, macro宏,object对象, attribute/ property属性, class类, inherit/ inheritance继承

1.编程语言的概念

2.编程语言的分类

3.高级语言与低级语言的区别

4.高级语言的分类

5.重点把握面向对象编程语言

Unit 4 Software Development

词汇:download下载, loop循环, linker连接器, debugger调试器, debugging program调试程序, translator翻译程序, complier编译程序, interpreter解释程序, assembler汇编程序, system call

系统调用, application(s) program应用程序; source code源代码; object code目标代码; operating system操作系统; main program主程序, subroutine子程序,device driver设备驱动,

1.程序的分类

2.翻译程序的分类

3.编译程序和解释程序的特点

4.调试程序,设备驱动程序的作用。

Unit 5 software process

词汇:CBSE(Component-based Software Engineering)基于构件的软件工程, COTS(Commercial off-the-shelf)现货软件产品, software life cycle软件生命周期, software reuse软件复用, waterfall model瀑布模型, requirement analysis 需求分析, framework框架, Software process models软件过程模型, evolutionary development演进式开发, text formatting文本格式,software maintenance软件维护

1.软件过程的概念

2.软件过程模型的概念

3.三种软件过程模型中重点掌握瀑布模型

Unit 6: Database

词汇:DB数据库, DBS数据库系统, DBMS数据库管理系统, RDBMS关系数据库管理系统; DBA 数据库管理员; ERM实体联系模型; SQL结构化查询语句, entity实体, relationship联系, two-dimensional table二维表; relation关系; access访问; maintain维护; define定义; row行; tuple元组; record记录; column 列; field域; attribute属性; degree度; cardinality表间关系; view视图, insert插入, delete删除, update更新, unique唯一

1. DBMS的概念以及组成

2. 在DBMS当中,用户的分类,以及终端用户的分类及特点;

3. 数据库设计曾经采用的三种模型,重点掌握关系数据库模型

4. DBMS的三层结构

Unit 7: Computer Communications

词汇:DSL数字用户线路, ISDN综合服务数字网络,Telecommunications电信; computer terminal电脑终端,electronic signal电信号,audio signal 声音信号,video视频, analog signal 模拟信号,digital signal数字信号, analog transmission模拟传输, digital transmission数字传输, multimedia多媒体,source源, destination目的地, sender发送者, receiver/recipient接收者, transmission传输media/ medium媒体, fiber-optic cable光缆,microwave radio微波无线电; copper wires铜导线; communication satellites通信卫星; wireless communications无线通信, cell phone手机, cellular telephone蜂窝电话, mobile phone手机, link连接, point-to-point communication点对点通信, point-to-multipoint

Communication一对多通信, text-based基于文本的

1. MODEM的作用

2. 通信介质(P151 第三段)

3. 点到点及点到多点通信方式的特点

4. 模拟传输与数字传输的特点

Unit 8 Computer Network

词汇:WAN广域网, MAN城域网, LAN局域网,CSMA/CD带冲突检测的载波侦听多路访问, P2P点对点, C/S客户/服务, TCP/IP传输控制协议/网际协议,Ethernet以太网, internet互联网, Internet因特网, peer-to-peer model对等模型, topology拓扑, bus topology总线型拓扑, ring topology环形拓扑, ring topology, protocol 协议, protocol suite协议集; token ring令牌环, software package软件包; facility设备, interprocess communication进程间通信, share共享, resource资源, term期限, copyright版权

1.网络的作用(文章第一段)

2.计算机网络的三种分类

3.协议的概念

4.了解CSMA/CD以及token ring 协议

5.进程间通讯所采用的两种模型:C/S和P2P模型,重点掌握C/S model

Unit 9 The Internet

词汇:ISP因特网服务提供商,DARPA美国国防部高级研究计划局;TLD顶级域名;ICANN互联网域名及IP地址分配机构, DNS域名服务; WWW万维网, dotted decimal notation点分十进制表示法; router路由器; gateway网关; host address主机地址; network identifier网络标示符; bandwidth带宽; broadband宽带; register注册, assign分配, permanent connection 固定连接, dedicated connection专线连接, temporary connection临时连接, dial-up connection拨号连接, domain域, domain name域名, subdomain子域, mnemonic address助记地址, directory目录, name server名称服务器

1. ICANN的作用,

2. ISP的作用,

3 路由器的作用,网关以及云的概念

4 常用的顶级域名后缀及其代表的含义

5. IP地址的构成(由两部分构成);各部分的作用。

6. IP地址采用点分十进制来表示

7. DNS的作用

新视野大学英语翻译答案

汉译英 Unit1 1.无论你是多么富有经验的演说家,无论你做了多么充足的准备,你都很难在这样嘈杂的招待会上发表演讲。(no matter how) No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech ,you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception. 2.就像吉米妹妹的朋友都关系吉米一样,吉米也关系他们(just as) Just as all his sister ’ s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them 3.汽车生产商在新车的几处都印有汽车识别号码,以便帮助找回被盗的车辆。(track down)Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles. 4.老师回来时你敢告我状的话,我就不再和你说话了。(tell on) If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more. 5.有些老年人愿意独自过日子,但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活。(on one’s own) Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children. 6.现在需要面对的事情是:如何筹集创建公司所需的资金。(reckon with) Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company. Unit2 1.被告是位年仅30岁的女子,她坚持称自己无罪 The defendant, a woman of only 30, kept insisting on her own innocence. 2.总体看来,枣、豆类以及一些多叶的绿色蔬菜是最好的铁质来源。 All tings considered, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of iron . 3正餐时不供应饮料,饮料会影响消化。 No beverages are served with meals because they interfere with digestion. 4.考虑到那个地区受欢迎的程度,提前订旅馆是明智的。 Taking the popularity of the region into consideration, it is advisable to book hotels in advance. 5.服药后若有呕吐感,请立即停止服用并立刻咨询医生。 If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug, stop taking it immediately and consult your doctors as soon as possible. 6.总结这次讨论时,他说双方都要好好考虑怎样以最有效的方法来解决这一问题。 Summing up the discussion, he said both parties should consider the most effective way to solve the problem. Unit3 1.在思维方面,与他的行为一样,他是非常传统的。 In his thinking, as in his behavior, he is very traditional. 2..教师一旦同意接受新的教学计划,他们就得面对新计划所带给他们的压力。 Once the teachers agree to accept the new teaching program, they have to face the strain it puts on them. 3.从长远看,大学毕业后继续深造而不是直接参加工作是值得的。 In the long run, it is worthwhile to pursue one ’ s study after graduatin g from university instead of going to work directly. 4.由于这所学校的办学宗旨是品德第一,所以道德观和学习成绩受到同样的重视。 As the school operates on the Character First principle, moral values and academic achievements are stressed equally. 5.据说,原定于这个月召开的会议将推迟到下个月召开。

大学英语翻译练习题

1.现在各行各业的人越来越多地依靠计算机来解决各种难题. Now people in different walks of life depend more and more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems 2.他已做出计划,每月留出一些钱准备明年去北京旅行. He has made a plan to set aside some money every month for a trip to Beijing next year. 3.现代科学技术的发展使社会发生了巨大的变化. The development of modern science and technology has brought about great social changes. 4.直到会议结束之后,他才放弃自己的想法. It was not until after the meeting that he gave up his idea. 5.我们不要怕别人指出我们的缺点。 We should not be afraid of having our shortcomings pointed out. 6.雨下的太大了,我们出不了门. It rained so hard that we couldn’t go out. 7.请务必在离开营地前把所有的火都熄灭掉。 Please make sure to put out all the fires before leaving the camping ground. 8.我们不能排除天气有变坏的可能性. We can not rule out there possibility that the weather may turn out to be bad. 9.要么做好失败的准备,要么干脆别做 .Either prepare yourself for failure or don’t do it at all . 10. 一看到多年未见的老友,她突然哭了起来. At the sight of the old friend she hadn’t seen for years, she burst into tears. 11. 他自失业以来减少了他的日常开支. He has cut down on his daily expenses since he lost his job. 12. 当被问及为何不愿与姐姐同在一屋时, 她只是一声不吭. When asked why she didn’t want to share the room with her sister, she just kept silent. 13. 请务必安排最好的摄影师在结婚典礼上照相. Be sure to arrange for the best photographer to take pictures at the wedding ceremony. 14. 他是否受过正规训练与成为一名优秀的演员并不相干. Whether he has received formal training or not is not relevant to being a fine actor. 15. 诸如空气污染和交通拥堵之类的问题早已引起政府的关注. Such problems as air pollution and heavy traffic have already attracted the government’s attention. 16. 那部新电影是根据真实故事而制作的,我认为它值得一看. I think it worthwhile to see the newly-released film which is based on a true story. 17. 那项新技术可能使他们的产量翻一番. This new technique may enable them to double their production. 18. 即使面前有许多困难,我们也决心要进行这项实验. We are determined to carry out the experiment even if there are a lot of difficulties before us. 19. 请提前一周把申请表寄至人事部门. Please send your application form to the personnel department a week in advance. 20. 他没有把录音机送回到商店,而是决定自己修理. Rather than take it back to the shop, he decided to repair the recorder himself. 21. 在市长的帮助下,我们最终获准接触这起交通事故的受害者。 With the mayor’s help, we were finally allowed access to the victime of the traffic accident. 22. 这是一次冒险的行动,请务必让他知道。

计算机专业英语教程(第四版)习题答案解析

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新视野大学英语第三版第一册课后翻译答案.doc

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