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一、关系代词引导的定语从句

1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语

which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略）

who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语

whom 指人在从句中作宾语

whose 指人或物在从句中作定语

as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语

but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语

注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词

2、as 的用法

（1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as

注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个

the same…that 表示同一个

（2）as与which的区别

a、位置不同

as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。

b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。

Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。

注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,

as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。

c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。

二、只用that不用which的情况

1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时

2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.

3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。

5、当先行词是数词时.

6、当先行词既指人又指物时。

7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that。

8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。

9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。

10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。

11、有时为了避免重复而使用that引导定语从句。

三、只用which不用that的情况

1、当介词放在关系代词之前时。

2、在非限制性定语从句中。

3、当关系代词指整个主句的概念时。

四、只用who不用that的情况

1、当先行词是one, ones,anyone或those时。

2、there be 结构中。

3、当先行词是人，后面有较长修饰语时。

4、为了避免重复或引起歧义。

5、当先行词是I,you,he,they等时（常用于谚语中）。

6、先行词是指成员的集体名词。

7、who可以引导非限制性定语从句。

8、先行词是拟人化的名词。

9、先行词指特定的人时用who,不指特定的人用that。

五、关系副词引导的定语从句

1、when时间状语

注意：It/Ihis/That + be + the first/ second/ last time that…只能用that,that 可以省略，从句用相应的完成时。

2、where 地点状语

注意：当先行词为模糊的地点时，如point. Situation, case, position, stage, scene, spot, activity, family, job等名词时用where.

3、why 原因状语先行词为reason。

六、介词与关系代词

1、介词如何确定

（1）依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定

（2）依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定

（3）根据意思来确定

（4）为了强调某一名词，不定式前加上关系词

2、关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词的位置

（1）whom和which可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。

（2）含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面。

（3）关系代词that在从句中作介词宾语时，介词不能放在它的前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。

（4）关系代词whose也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起作介词宾语。

3、“名词/数词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构常见的形式有：名词

/one/two/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/a few/a little/the+比较级/the+最高级…+of+which/whom。

七、定语从句中的主谓一致

1、关系代词作从句的主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式。

2、“one of+复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词时，关系代词在从句中作主语，从句的动词通常用复数，但当one前有the,the only,the very等修饰时，从句的谓语动词要用单数。

八、注意way和time后接定语从句的情况

1、当先行词是way，且意为“方式、方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式：that/in which/不填。

注意：关系词在从句中必须作状语。如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，按正常的定语从句分析。

2、当先行词是time时，若time作“次数”讲，应用that引导定语从句，that 可省略；若time作“一段时间”讲，应用关系副词when或介词at/during+which 引导定语从句。

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Section 8定语从句 两年高考真题演练 1．(2015·江苏高考)The number of smokers, ________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 2．(2015·湖南高考)It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. 3．(2015·北京高考)Opposite is St.Paul's Church, ________ you can hear some lovely music. 4．(2015·浙江高考)Creating an atmosphere in ________ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. 5．(2015·重庆高考)He wrote many children's books, nearly half of ________ were published in the 1990s. 6．(2015·陕西高考)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time ________ he should be able to be independent. 7．(2015·四川高考)The books on the desk, ________ covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 8．(2015·天津高考)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________ his employees enjoy their work. 9．(2015·安徽高考)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon ________ school education depends.

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高考英语专题定语从句知识点单元汇编 一、选择题 1．You were really between a rock and a hard place ______ you had to choose between your career and your relationship. A．when B．where C．before D．until 2．She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ________ allows them to communicate freely with each other. A．which B．where C．what D．who 3．Though it is 30 years_______we last met, I still remember the scene_______we got separated on a rainy day. A．before; where B．before; which C．since; when D．since; where 4．Such a film ___________ was shown in the cinema yesterday is not suitable for children. A．as B．that C．which D．/ 5．Optimism is the essential ingredient of top performers,__________we assume separates the high achievers from the rest. A．as B．who C．which D．that 6．John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members. A．them B．that C．which D．whom 7．My brother bought a telescope, ______ he could study the star in the night sky. A．of which B．through which C．in which D．on which 8．Companies should understand the risks _______ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately. A．on which B．in which C．to which D．with which 9．Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it. A．neither of them B．both of them C．none of whom D．neither of whom 10．Sales director is a position _______ communication ability is just as important as sales. A．which B．that C．when D．where 11．She brought with her three friends，none of ________ I had ever met before. A．them B．who C．whom D．these 12．China Today attracts a worldwide readership, ________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. A．who B．whom C．that D．which 13．The Molalla High School has a wall of Post-it notes ________ students write kind messages for kids to take when they have a bad day. A．that B．which C．when D．where 14．_______ is known to all, grammar is not a set of dead rules. A．That B．Which C．As D．It 15．The art festival is an annual event ______ the students can show off their talents.

2020届 二轮复习语法专项定语从句学案 (1)

定语从句

必备知识梳理考点一关系代词引导的定语从句： 一．who、whom、whose引导的定语从句

1.who或whom均可指代人，但who在从句中可作主语也可作宾语，whom 在从句中只作宾语，两者在引导限制性定语从句时常可用that替换。作主语 时，who/that不可省略；作宾语时，whom/who/that可以省略。 I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school (who/whom/that) I met in the English speech contest last year. (2017全国卷阅读七选五) Campers, in my eyes, were people that/who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. 2.whose表所属关系，一般指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。指物时相当于 of which，指人时相当于of whom。 (2016全国二卷阅读理解) I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect other students. 二．that、which引导的定语从句 1.which指物，常在从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略。that指人或物 均可，常在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，作宾语时可以省略。 She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before. (2016天津卷阅读表达) Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. 2.限制性定语从句中，关系代词只用that不用which的情况： (1).先行词为不定代词anything、nothing、something、everything、 all、some、none、little few、the one等时； I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault. (2).先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或其前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时； The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. (3).先行词被the only、the very、the last、any、every、each、few、

高考英语专题定语从句知识点难题汇编及答案

高考英语专题定语从句知识点难题汇编及答案 一、选择题 1．Car races are recorded and uploaded to YouTube and other video platforms, ______________ they can be viewed repeatedly. A．which B．where C．when D．there 2．China Today attracts a worldwide readership, ________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. A．who B．whom C．that D．which 3．Such a film ___________ was shown in the cinema yesterday is not suitable for children. A．as B．that C．which D．/ 4．Search engines search the Internet based on the key words you type in, and choose such web pages for you ________ contain the words you ask for. A．where B．who C．which D．as 5．The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected A．whose B．that C．who D．which 6．They overcame some difficulties and completed the work ahead of time, ________ was something we had not expected. A．that B．which C．it D．what 7．My brother bought a telescope, ______ he could study the star in the night sky. A．of which B．through which C．in which D．on which 8．Companies should understand the risks _______ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately. A．on which B．in which C．to which D．with which 9．She brought with her three friends，none of ________ I had ever met before. A．them B．who C．whom D．these 10．We came to a place ______ they had never paid a visit before. A．in which B．to which C．what D．which 11．In China, “mythical creatures” is used to describe troublesome schoolchildren ________ behaviors drive their parents crazy. A．whose B．when C．who D．of whom 12．Try to be a responsible school by not allowing anyone to attend class, ________ has had a fever. A．who B．which C．as D．that 13．You were really between a rock and a hard place ______ you had to choose between your career and your relationship. A．when B．where C．before D．until 14．I'm glad to introduce Mr.Smith to you,without______my experiment would have ended in failure.

英语语法专项复习——定语从句

学考英语学习资料之语法专项补充 -定语从句? 第?部分：基础知识学习（PPT） 第?部分：学习效果检测 1. The best work ______ Luxun wrote and ______ I have read has been made into a film. 2. It was in 1969 ______ two Americans got to the moon by space ship. It was 1969 ______ two Americans got to the moon by space ship. 3. Is this the house ______ Shakespeare was born? 4. Is this house ______ Shakespeare was born? 5. In the dark street, the re wasn’t a single person ___ she could turn for help. 6. The two things ______ they felt very proud were Jim′s gold watch and Della′s hair. 7. Have you ever asked him the reason ______ may explain his being late. 8. Farming is difficult ______ there is no rain. 9. We need the same machine ______ is being used in your factory. 10．______ the people, not things ______ are most important. 11.______ surprised me most was the news ______ our team won. 12.This is the only book ______ I want to read. 13.The reason ______ I am so late is ______ I missed the bus. 14.The problem ______ you thought about has been completely settled. 15.Is this the tape-recorder ______you wish to have repaired? 第三部分易错点剖析 误区1：在从句中误加与关系代词同义的?称代词。 —This is the book that I have read _____ dozens of times.

2020高考英语易错语法点专题九 定语从句(解析版)

2020高考英语易错语法点专题九定语从句（解析版） 1.(2019·全国卷II，62) Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， _____she opened with her late husband Les. 2.(2019·全国卷III)In the cafe,customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment_______is created for them. 3.（2019 江苏卷，21 ）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. 4.（2019·天津卷，11）Their child is at the stage______ she can say individual words but not full sentences. 5.(2019·新课标III卷)They were well trained by their masters __ ___ had great experience with caring for these animals. 6. (2019·北京卷)The students befitting most from college are those ___ ___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life. 7.【2018·北京】She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit. A. which B. who C. as D. that 8.【2018·天津】Kate, ________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. A. whom B. that C. whose D. her 9.【2018·江苏】Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. A. that B. where C. which D. when 10.【2017·北京】The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. A. that B. as C. where D. when 11.【2017·江苏】In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. it’s C. whose D. whom 12.【2017·天津】My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. A. that B. whose C. his D. who 13.【2016·北京】I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise. A. whose B. why C. where D. which 14.【2016·江苏】Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those 15.【2016·浙江】Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has