2014介词学案

2014中考复习——介词

一、介词的分类

1．表示时间的介词at, in, on, after, before, during, over, from, for, since, until, by…

2．表示地点的介词in, on, to, over, above, between, blow, under…

3．位移介词past, across, through, around, from, to, over, up, down…

4．其他介词

as/ like (表比较), for(表原因或目的), to/ with/ without (表结果),

by/ in/ with(表手段或方式), of/ with(表所属), except(表除去), about/ on (表关于)

二、易混淆的介词

1. (in, on, at)

at : 钟点, 饭时, 正午/午夜, 年龄, 节日at six o’clock, at lunchtime, at noon, at the age of 15, at Christmas 但on Christmas Day

Practice：

（2012宿迁）The chatity walk begins___ 9:00 a.m. Don’t be late. ----No problem.

A. In B at C on D to

（中指一1）They often have parties ___ Christmas.

（中指一3）Mr. Green usually gets to school ___ 8 o’ clock…

on: 1) 星期几2) 具体日期3) 具体某一天的某个时候

on Sunday, on 10th November, on Saturday morning

on the evening of May 1st, on a cold winter day

Practice：

（中指一4）____ the morning of March 31, she made an important decision in her life.

（中指三9）Our school sports meeting will start ____ the morning of next Saturday.

（中指四3）When did your uncle arrive in China?

He got to Guangzhou ___ the morning of the 16th of April.

in: 1) 一天当中的某个时候, 2) 月，季，年

in the morning, in June, in Autumn, in 1990

in the morning, in June, in Autumn, in 1990

Practice：

（2012镇江）The 2012 London Olympic Games will start ___ the coming July.

A on

B in

C by

D with

（中指一5）The 30th Olympic Games was held in London ___2012.

（中指三2）I joined the League ____ May, 2012. What about you?

in + 一段时间（用于一般将来时）用How soon…提问（中指三11）Shanghai Disneyland has started to be built and it will be open ___ five years.

2. (since, for, from)

since: 后接过去的时间点，主句用现在完成时

for: 后接时间段，主句用现在完成时

from: 说明动作开始的时间

Practice：

（中指一7）What bad weather we have! It has rained _____ the day before yesterday.

（中指三2）I’ve been a League member ____ three years.

3. (from…to, between…and, not…until, during)

from…to…从…到…between… and…在…和…之间

not…until 直到…才during 在…期间（表一段时间）

Practice：

（中指一8）We have to work _____ Monday _____Friday.

（中指二5）She is sitting _______ Betty and Tom.

（中指一10）It was a very cold day for Jack. He didn’t get home from school ______ six o’clock.

（中指一9）_____ her lifetime, Hepburn earned four more Oscar nominations.

4. 表示地点的介词( over, above, on )

over: 在……的垂直上方

above: 在……上方（位置高于）（楼层）

on: 在……上面（表面接触）

Practice：

（中指二8）Kitty lives two floors _____ (在……之上）me, and we often study and play together.

There is a pair of shoes ____ the desk. There is a bridge ____ the river.

5. (below, under )

below: 在……下方，不一定在正下方（气温、楼层）under: 在……正下方Practice：

（中指二1）The temperature stays _____ (在……之下）zero in winter here. You’d better carry more clothes with you.

（中指二3）Have you seen my shoes? They are ______(在……下面) your chair.

6. 位移介词(across, through, past)

across 从表面穿过through 从内部穿过past （从旁边）经过,路过Practice：

（2012无锡）Don’t drive so fast! We must slow down when we drive ____ the tunnel.

A past

B across

C over

D through

（中指二10）The moonlight goes ______（穿过）the window and makes the room bright.

（中指三6）When he walked _____ my desk, he knocked over my books.

7. (between, among)

between: 在~和~（两者）之间between...and... / between the two...

among : 在...之间( 三者或三者以上)

Practice：

（中指四2）Guess, how much does it cost?

I think it costs _____ 15 and 20 dollars.

A from

B between

C among

D with

（中指二7）Yao Ming is a popular basketball player _______ (在……之中) the Chinese people.

8. ( in front of, in the front of )

in front of: 在……之前（范围外）in the front of: 在……的前部（范围内）Practice：

（中指二6）Our teacher is standing _____________ the classroom.

（中指三15）Why are you standing there, Maggie?

I can’t see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting ___________ me.

9. (except, besides, including, beyond)

except 除...之外,其余都

besides 意为“除……之外(包含)”

including 包含包括

beyond 超越

Practice：

（中指三4）Mr. Lin gave the textbooks to all the students ______ the ones who had taken them.

I have to prepare food for seven people _______me.

Her achievement went ______the film industry

10. 表示“用”的介词(in, with, by, on, over)

in + 材料、声音、语言

with + 工具、器官

by + 方法、手段

on/over + 媒介

Practice：

1.He wrote the letter ______ a pen.

2.He talked to his father ________ the phone.

3.They talked ____ a loud voice.

4.He got good grades _______ studying hard.

5. You must say that ______English.

三、介词与其他词类的搭配

1. 与名词的搭配all over the world, on duty, in danger/trouble/need, by plane/ bus...,

with the help of, on business/holiday, thanks to, to one’s surprise, under the control of

2. 与动词的搭配：

at: look at, knock at, laugh at, point at, arrive at

to: listen to, get to, talk to, point to, prefer to, write to 注意：pay attention to + v ing; look forward to + v ing; devote to + v ing

注意：be used to doing , be used to do, used to do

with: agree with, play with, catch up with, help with, deal with, get along with, make friends with, go on with

for: look for, thanks for, ask for, pay for, wait for, leave for

3. 与形容词搭配的词组

be afraid of （怕）, be angry with （生某人的气）, be away from （不在某地）

be different from（与…不同）, be good at（善于）, be good/ bad for (对…有益/有害)

be interested in （对…感兴趣）, be late for （迟到）, be/get ready for （为作好准备）be sure of (对…有把握) , be worried about （为…感到担忧）, be busy with (忙于……）be full of （充满……）, be pleased with（对……满意）, be sorry for （对……抱歉）

四、点击中考

1.Marie Curie, the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, was born ___ November, 1867, in the

city of Warsaw in Poland. (10南京)

A. at

B. on

C. in

D. to

2. Kids ___________ (低于) 5 years old can’t play with this kind of toy. (10常州)

3．The wedding of Prince William was held in Westminster Cathedral ______ April 29, 2011．A．at B．in C．on D．by

4. Books are made _________ paper while paper is mainly made ________ wood. (11 无锡)

A. of; of

B. from; from

C. of; from

D. from; of

5. I was born _____the morning ______February 25th, 1997. (11 宿迁)

A. in; of

B. on; in

C. in; in

D. on; of

6. My father has a habit of jogging _______ the Jinchuan River for an hour in the morning. (12 南

京)

A. between

B. along

C. over

D. through

7. Yesterday I downloaded a new program ______ the Internet. Now I can watch TV and movies _____ my computer. （12苏州）

A. from, on

B. with , in

C. in, with

D. on, from

8. -Jack, is maths difficult to learn in high school?（12 连云港）

- Sure. No subject can be learned well _____ hard work.

A. without

B. through

C. by

D. with

9. Mr. Lin gave the text books to all the students ________ the ones who had already taken them.

(09 无锡)

A. except

B. including

C. among

D. with

10. It’s very friendly _________ him to help me when I’m in trouble. (11 扬州)

A. for

B. to

C. of

D. with

11. You can improve your English ________reading more. （08徐州）

A. in

B. with

C. by

D. of

Homework：

1.(2012南京) My father has a habit of jogging___ the Jinchuan River for an hour in the

morning.

A between

B along

C over

D through

2.(2012苏州) Yesterday I downloaded a new program___ the Internet. Now I can watch TV and movies ___ my computer.

A from; on

B with; in

C in; with

D on; with

3. (2012连云港) Jack, is maths difficult to learn in high school?

Sure. No subject can be learned well___ hard work.

A without

B through

C by

D with

4. (2012无锡) Don’t drive so fast! We must slow down when we drive ____ the tunnel.

A past

B across

C over

D through

5. (2012镇江) The 2012 London Olympic Games will start___ the coming July.

A on

B in

C at

D to

6. (2012宿迁) The charity walk begins ____ 9:00 a.m. Don’t be late. -----No problem.

A in

B at

C on

D to

7. (2012盐城) Jack, you seem to be ___. Yes. It’s 8:20 now and my train leaves in ten minutes.

A in a hurry

B in fear

C in safety

D in silence

2014 中考复习——连词

一、并列连词

1．表示并列关系的连词：and，both…and, neither…nor…, not only…but also…等。

We were singing and dancing all evening. 整个晚上我们都在唱歌跳舞。

She is not onl y a singer but also a dancer.

*注意:

1. and,or和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件

1.Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance.

= If you make up your mind, you'll get the chance.

2. If you make one more effort, you'll succeed. =One more effort, ______ you'll succeed.

3. If you don’t hurry up, you will be late. =________ _______, _______ you’ll be late.

2. 在否定句中把and 改为or There is no air or water on the moon.

3. both…. and既….又(动词用复数) Both I and she like sleeping.

neither…nor 既不…也不(连接主语时要就近原则)

Neither you nor Lucy works hard.

not only ….but also 不但…而且(连接主语时要就近原则)

Not only Mike but also his sister has been to London.

Practice:

1.People always like _____health______wealth.(both…and / neither…nor)

2. Miss Li as well as her students ______reading comic books. (like / likes)

3. Not only Wang Damin but also his children ______on catching fish. (live / lives)

2．表示选择关系的并列连词有：or, either…or…等。

Would you like fish or beef? 你要鱼还是牛肉？

Work hard, or you will fail in the exam.

Either he or you have taken my umbrella by mistake.= Either you or he _____ taken my umbrella by mistake

3．表示转折关系的并列连词有：but, yet, while等。

All this he did, but it had no effect at all. 这一切他都做了，但一点都不起作用。

They are ugly and expensive, yet people buy them. 他们又丑又贵，但人们还是要买。Some people love cats, while others hate them.(while 然而)

4. 表因果关系的for, so 等。

He didn’t go to school, for he was ill.

He was ill, so he didn’t go to school.

Practice：

A: 1. Get up earlier, _____you’ll enjoy the fresh air.

2. Do you want to stay at home _______ go shopping with us?

3. Our class teacher was tired _______he was still working.

4. I can't sleep well at night, ______I often feel very tired in the day.

5. Don’t go out with wet hair, _____you’ll have a cold.

6. You have had a toothache for several days, Bill.

Stop eating sweet snacks, _______ you’ll get better soon. (中指P17）

课堂练习

1.-Be careful, ________you will make mistakes in your exams.

-I know that, Mum. One can never be too careful.

A. and

B. or

C. nor

D. but

2. I can ________ swim ________ skate. I’m going to have some training next year.

A. either, or

B. neither, nor

C. both, and

D. not only, but also

3. ________ John _________ I are policemen.

A. Neither...nor

B. Either...or

C. Both...and

D. Not only...but also

4. Work hard, ____________ you won’t catch up with the other students.

A. or

B. so

C. and

D. but

5. Lisa usually gets to school at 7:45 __________ has the first class at 8:00.

A. but

B. and

C. so

D. or

6. Tony is very poor, ___________he is very happy.

A. and

B. but

C. or

D. to

7. I ran as fast as I could to the station _________ I still missed the bus.

A. and

B. but

C. or

D. so

8. -You’d better go home at once _________ your mother will be worried.

-All right.

A. and

B. or

C. but

D. so

9. John doesn’t like playing sports __________ he likes walking his dog.

A. but

B. and

C. so

D. or

10. The hotel is very small, ________ it’s very clean and comfortable.

A. so

B. and

C. but

D. or

直击中考：

1. --- Would you like to come to dinner tonight ? ---I’d like to , _____ I’m too busy.

A. and

B. so

C. as D but (2011年无锡)

2.--- I don’t think your uncle really likes drama series.

--- No, ___ he still watches the programme.

A. and

B. so

C. or

D. but (2010, 南京)

3. --- I would like you to talk about the Great Wall.

--- I’m sorry, but ___ Jack ___ I have been there.

A. either; or

B. neither; nor

C. both; and

D. not only; but also (2012 常州)

4. Work hard, ___ you’ll pass the English exam this time.

A. or

B. but

C. because

D. and (2008 扬州)

5. Martin and his friends didn’t eat up all the food they ordered, ___ they took the rest away.

A. for

B. or

C. so

D. as (2012 上海)

二、从属连词——连接状语从句

1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词：when, before , after, until , as soon as (主将从现)

Don’t get excited when you talk.讲话时别激动。

I’ll take no st eps until you arrive. 你来之前我不会采取什么行动

It was raining when she arrived at the station.

While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.

Her mother has been ill since she left home.

He won’t appear until the meeting begins.

I’ll phone you after I arrive.

He’ll visit you as soon as he comes back.

2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词：if , unless

I must leave if that’s the case.如果情况如此我就得走了。

I’ll go there tomorrow unless it rains.除非下雨，否则我明天去那里。

3. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词：because，as, since

He was worried because he hadn’t had any letter from her. 他很担忧因为他没收到过她一封信.

As David had a passion for walking, we started off on foot.

由于大卫喜欢走路，我们就步行出发了。

He didn’t come because he didn’t know it.

Since you ask, I will tell you.

As we are hungry, let’s have supper.

We can’t go for it is raini ng.

4. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词：so… that … ,such… that…

He was so fat that he couldn’t get though the door.他胖得连门都过不去了。

Jim made such a noise that his sister told him to be quiet. 吉姆吵成那样，他姐姐让他安静点。It’s such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun.

=I t’s so fine a day that many people go to the park for fun.

5. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词：though /although，even if

Though not large, the room was light and airy. 房间虽然不大，采光和通风却很好。

The girl, though plain, had a kind face. 这姑娘虽然相貌平庸，却有一张善良的脸。

I wouldn’t do it, even if yo u paid me a thousand pounds. 即使你付我一千英镑，我也不干。

6. 引导目的状语从句的从属连词：so that, in order that

He left early in order that his children would not be alone in the house.

他早早动身，以免孩子们单独待在家里。

Ask her to hurry up with the letters so that I can sign them. 让她快点把信打好，以便我能签字。

7. 引导比较状语从句的从属连词：as…as…, not as/so…as…, less…than…, more…than…

I know you better than she does.

He works as carefully as she.

I cannot run as/so fast as you.

注意：不能同时出现在一个句子中的连词。

1. because ,so 不能同时出现在一个句子里，只用其中之一。

Because in our school knew him, so we had no trouble in finding him. (X)

2. though /although ,but不能同时出现在一个句子里，只用其中之一。但though 可以与yet，still 同时出现在一个句子中。

Though Australia is very large, but the population is quite small. (X)

中考真题

1.(2012镇江)We will go to the square to watch the raising of the national flag ____ it rains

tomorrow.

A. when

B. if

C. since

D. unless

2. （2012 苏州）It was _________ lovely weather _______ we decided to spend the day on the beach.

A. such a, that

B. such, that

C. such, as

D. so, that

3. (2012 无锡) The old theatre will close soon _________ some extra donations are made.

A. so

B. if

C. because

D. unless

4. (2012 连云港) The first Huaguoshan International Golf Open was _________ success that we enjoyed ourselves very much.

A. such a great

B. a such great

C. so a great

D. a so great

5. (2012 上海) Martin and his friends didn’t eat up all the food they ordered, ________ they took the rest away. A. for B. or C. so D. as

6. (2012 上海模拟) You will achieve great success, ________ you have a dream and believe in it.

A. after

B. although

C. until

D. if

7. (2012 苏州模拟)-__________ you know when an idiom is being used, you can’t easily understand what you read. -I think so.

A. Unless

B. Until

C. If

D. Once

8. (2008 山东)-What would some students like to do after finishing their education?

-They would like to start to work ________ they needn’t depend on their parents completely.

A. as soon as

B. so that

C. before

D. while