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名词单复数规则及练习

名词单复数规则及练习
名词单复数规则及练习

名词

重点难点解析

名词的中考命题导向

名词的“可数”与“不可数”是中考命题的热点之一。不可数名词前不能与不定冠词连用,之后不能+s。有些抽象名词却有复数形式,但意义与原来的不同。有些可数名词复数有两个意思,一个与单数意义相同,另一个和单数含义不同,中考中这些含义很可能成为考查的内容。词语的固定搭配及名词作定语也是中考命题的注意点。

一名词的分类及常见用法

可数名词个体名

teacher, student, piano, dream, country, hobby,mountain, engineer(工

程师), colo(u)r,bull, astronomer, astronaut , genius, receptionist,

producer, drawer

功能

集体名

family, committee, people, police, clothes, cattle 名词

在句

中可

主语、

表语、

宾语、

宾语

足语、

定语、

同位

语或

状语

不可数名词物质名

wood, water, steel, mental, leather,chocolate, sugar, soap, rice,

wheat, cheese, coffee, tea, milk, beef(牛肉), pork, chicken(鸡肉), 抽象名

friendship, progress, advice, fun, news, information grammar(语法)

failure(失败)success(成功), pride (自豪)fortune(幸运,运

气)

专有名

John, Smith, Beijing, China, Japan, Germany(德国),Canada,

America

名词所有格一般由名词右上方

+’s;以s结尾的名词

单复数只加“’”

表有生命的东

西或时间,空

间,距离,价格,

重量等名词的

所有格

如:Women’s Day, Children 's day

an hour’s walk, two hours' walk

15 minutes' walk, today’s

paper

Students' reading room

介词of+名词无生命的东西

的名词所有格

如:a map of China,

the top of the mountain

可数名词的复数规则变化 1.一般词后+s days, boys, Americans

2.s, x, sh, ch结尾+es buses,dishes,boxes,watches(stomach

除外

3.辅音字母+y结尾,

变y为i+es

babies, factories,studies

countries, parties

4.以f或fe结尾,变

f/fe为v+es

wives; knives,

wolves ,thieves,shelves

lives,leaves,halves (roofs,proofs证

据,

证物, gulfs海湾,beliefs,chefs厨师,

chiefs领导人,cliff 悬崖,staffs,safes

除外)

5.以o结尾,有生命+es,无生命+s

4 heroes,potatoes;pianos, radios,photos (hippos河马, bamboos竹子除外)

6.数字的复数+s或

“’s”

in the 1930s/1930’s

不规则变化1.改变词中元音字

母woman-women, goose-geese man-men,foot-feet,tooth-teeth

2.形式复数,意义单数news,maths,politics(政治学),physics

(物理学),economics(经济学)等

3.单复同形means,deer,sheep,fish ,works工厂,

species物种,种类, Chinese,

Japanese等

4.其它child-children, bacterium-bacteria(细

菌)

crisis-crises(危机),ox-oxen(公牛),

phenomenon-phenomena(现象)规律:有生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时,词尾加es,凡无生命的以o结尾

的名词变复数时,词尾加s。

口诀1:黑人和英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿要加es,其余全部加s。

解释:Negroes and heroes like eating tomatoes and potatoes

口诀2:你在“zoo”里,看见一根“bamboo”,上面挂着一张“photo”,所照的是

一架“piano”,上面放着一台“radio”

解释:zoo-zoos, bamboo-bamboos, photo-photos piano-pianos, radio-radios.

2. 表示不同国家的人顺口溜

口诀:“中、日、瑞”友好是一致;“英、法”联盟a变e;其他一律加s 。

解释:Chinese,Japanese, Swiss(瑞士人)单复数同形;

Englishman,Frenchman的复数为Englishmen,Frenchmen;

其他像German,American,Australian,Canadian, Mexican,Russian, Indian, Italian,Austrian等的复数形式是在后面加“s”。

3. 以f、fe结尾的顺口溜

规律:以f(e)结尾的名词变为复数时,改“f(e)”为“ve”再加“s”。

口诀:妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌;

躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。

解释:wife(妻子),knife,wolf(狼),thief(小偷),shelf(架子)life(生命),half(一半),leaf (树叶)

4.巧记不规则名词单变复口诀:大鹅老鼠齐步走男男女女龇龇牙

解释:goose-geese; mouse-mice; foot-feet; man-men; woman-women; tooth-teeth;

5. 单复数形式一致的顺口溜

口诀:一个中国人和一个日本人骑着一只羊和鹿去吃水煮鱼。解释:Chinese, Japanese,deer, sheep, fish

Step 6 Practice and development

1. Could you tell me something about the two ?

. They are exchange students of No 1 Middle School.

A. Frenchmen; Yes, please

B. Frenchmans; Come on

C. Germen; Not at all

D. Germans: All right

5

2. I have some difficulty in learning English. Can you give me some ?

A. advice

B.advices

C. news

D. suggestion

3.Is there chocolate on the desk?

A. a

B. any

C. some

D. an

4. Would you like something to eat, Tara? -Yes, I’d like some.

A. sandwiches

B. milk

C. water

D. coffee

5. There are two .

A. pound of sugar

B. pounds of sugars

C. pounds of sugar

D. pound of sugars

6. Can you give me three ?

A. bottle of milks

B. bottles of milk

C. bottle of milk

D. bottles of milks

7. Can you give me six ?

A. loaf of bread

B. loafs of bread

C. loaves of breads

D. loaves of bread

8.There used to be a lot of milu ______________ (麋鹿)in China.

A. deer

B. deers

C. sheeps

D. goose

9. There are lots of on the farm.

A. sheep and goose

B. sheeps and geese

C. sheep and geese

D. sheeps and gooses

10. is the mother of success.

A. Failure

B. Failures

C.A failure

D. The failure

11. When I was walking in the park, I saw some fallen .

A. leaf

B. leafs

C.leaves

D. leave

12. Two stole a large number of from the shop.

A. thief radio

B.thief radios

C. thieves radios

D. thieves radio

13. A lot of play after class.

A. child piano

B. children piano

C. children the piano

D. children the pianos

14. Two died in the accident.

terrible it is.

A. policemen ; How

B. Policeman: What

C. police; What

D. policemans; How

15.Do you know how many a horse has and how many a bee has.

A. teeth; feet

B. tooth; foot

C. foot; teeth

D. teeth; foot

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二、练习题。 <一>、写出下列名词的复数形式 1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf8、bed9、country10、family11、toy12、foot 13、Japanese14、radio15、photo16、army17、tomato18、fox 19、woman20、knife22、sheep <二>、选择填空 1、There______on the wall .They are very beautiful. A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos 2.This kind of car______made in Shanghai. A.is B .are C .were D .has 3.There are four______and two______in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans 4. That’s______art book. A. an B. a C. the D are 5. The boys have got______already. A.two bread B.two breads C.two pieces of bread D.two piece of bread 6. The old man wants______.

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