期末复习题-美国文学简史

期末复习题-美国文学简史

分分

人

Directions: In this part of the test, there are 9 items and 10 blanks.

Fill in the best answer on the Answer Sheet according to

the knowledge you have learned.

1.The first American literature was neither ____ nor really

____.

2.Of the immigrants who came to America in the first three

quarters of the seventeenth century, the overwhelming

majority was _____.

3.The English immigrants who settled on America’s

northern seacoast were called _____, so named after those

who wished to “purify” the Church of England.

4.Washington Irving, the Father of American literature,

developed the _____ as a genre in American literature.

5.Franklin’s best writing is found in his masterpiece _____.

6.The most outstanding poet in America of the 18th century

was _____.

7.In the early 19th century, “Rip Van Winkle”had

established _____’s reputation at home and abroad, and

designated the beginning of American Romanticism.

8._____ has sometimes been considered the father of the

modern short story.

9.In 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne brought out his

masterpiece _____, the story of a triangular love affair in

colonial America.

得评

人

Directions: In this part of the test, there are twenty items. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on the

Answer Sheet.

1. The Colonial Period of American literature stretched roughly

from the settlement of America in the early 17th century

through the end of ________ century.

A. the 18th

B. the 19th

C. the 20th

D. 21th

2. New-England’s Plantation was published in 1630 by ________

A. Francis Higginson

B. William Bradford

C. John Smith

D. Michael Wigglesworth

3. Of all the books written by Michael Wigglesworth the beat

known is ________

A. The Flesh and the Spirit

B. The True Travels

C. The Day of Doom

D. Christopher Columbus

4. Benjamin Franklin was the epitome of the ______.

A. American Enlightenment

B. Sugar Act

C. Chartist movement

D. Romanticist

5. In the first section of Autobiography the writer addressed to

________

A. his son

B. his friends

C. his wife

D. himself

6. During 1807-1808, Washington Irving wrote for his brother’s

newspaper called ________

A. New York Times

B. Washington Post

C. Salmagundi

D. Daily News

7. History of New York was published in 1807 under the name of

________

A. Washington Irving

B. Diedrich Knickerboker

C. James Fenimore Cooper

D. John Whittier

8. Rip V an Winkle was written by ________

A. James Fenimore Cooper

B. Benjamin Franklin

C. Washington Irving

D. Walt Whitman

9. The Spy was written by James Fenimore Cooper in 1821. It is a

novel about ________

A. American Civil War

B. American Revolution

C. American West Expansion

D. The First World War

10. Natty Bumppo is the hero in Cooper’s ________

A. The Precaution

B. The Spy

C. The Gleanings in Europe

D. Leatherstocking Tales

11. ________ was regarded as a poet of the American Revolution

A. Philip Freneau

B. Walt Whitman

C. Robert Frost

D. Cal Sandburg

12. The Raven was written in 1844 by ________

A. Philip Freneau

B. Edgar Allan Poe

C. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

D. Emily Dickinson

13. The Minister’s Black V eil was written by ________

A. Edgar Allan Poe

B. Nathaniel Hawthorne

C. Henry David Thoreau

D. Ralph Waldo Emerson

14. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poems made such a

stir in England that she became known as the ______ who

appeared in America.

A. Ninth Muse

B. Tenth Muse

C. Best Muse

D. First Muse

15. The ship ______ carried about one hundred Pilgrims and took

66 days to beat its way across the Atlantic. In December of

1620, it put the Pilgrims ashore at Plymouth,

Massachusetts.

A. Sunflower

B. Armada

C. Mayflower

D. Titanic

16. A new _____ had appeared in England in the last years of the

18th century. It spread to continental Europe and then

came to America early in the 19th century.

A. Realism

B. Critical realism

C. Romanticism

D. Naturalism

17. Washington Irving got his idea for his most famous story, Rip

Van Winkle, from a ________

A. Greek legend

B. German legend

C. French legend

D. English legend

18. Rip V an Winkle is found in Irving’s longer work, ________

A. The Sketch Book

B. History of New York

C. Tales of a Traveler

D. The Precaution

19. ________ was often regarded as America’s first man of letters,

devoting much of his career to literature.

A. Benjamin Franklin

B. Philip Freneau

C. Washington Irving

D. James Fenimore Cooper

20. All the following novels are in Cooper’s Leatherstocking Tales

except ________

A. The Pioneers

B. The Prairie

C. The Deerslayer

D. The Spy

III.Identification (20 points, 1 point for each)

Directions: In this part of the test, there are twenty titles. Judge the authors of these works and fill them on the Answer

Sheet.

1.Gleanings in Europe

2.Oliver Goldsmith

3.The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up

in America

4.“The Day of Doom”

5. A History of New York

6.The Last of the Mohicans

7.The House of the Night

8. A Forest Hymn

9.“The Raven”

10.“The Cask of Amontillado”

11.Mosses from an Old Manse

12.“Israfel”

13.“The Flesh and the Spirit”

14.Life of George Washington

15.The Pathfinder

16.“the Wild Honey Suckle”

17.The Flood of Years

18.“The Poetic Principle”

19.The Blithedale Romance

20.“The Indian Burying Ground”

IV. Terms (20 points, 4 points for each)

Directions: In this part of the test, there are five terms. Please give the definition for these terms. Scores will be given for

the related contents. Four individual contents will be

enough for four points.

1. Knickerbocker

2. Poor Richard’s Almanac

3. Leatherstocking Tales

4. Puritanism

5. Benjamin Franklin

V.Appreciation (10 points, 5 points for each)

Directions: In this part of the test, there are two excerpts. Each of the excerpts is followed by three questions. Read the

excerpts and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.

Part A

From morning suns and evening

dews

At first thy little being came:

If nothing once, you nothing lose, For when you die you are the same;

The space between, is but an

hour,

The frail duration of a flower.

1. Who is the poet of the poem and

what is the title of the poem? (2

points)

2. Tell the metrical structure and

rhyme scheme of the poem. (1

point)

3. What does the “little being” refer to?

What meaning is suggested by the

phrase “but an hour”? (2 points)

Part B

The opinions of this junto were completely controlled by Nicholas Vedder, a patriarch of the village, and landlord of the inn, at the door of which he took his seat from morning till night, just moving sufficiently to avoid the sun and keep in the shade of a large tree; so that the neighbors could tell the hour by his movements as accurately as by a sundial. It is true he was rarely heard to speak, but smoked his pipe incessantly. His adherents, however (for every great man has his

adherents), perfectly understood him, and knew how to gather his opinions. When anything that was read or related displeased him, he was observed to smoke his pipe vehemently, and to send forth short, frequent and angry puffs; but when pleased, he would inhale the smoke slowly and tranquilly, and emit it in light and placid clouds; and sometimes, taking the pipe from his mouth, and letting the fragrant vapor curl about his nose, would gravely nod his head in token of perfect approbation.

From even this stronghold the unlucky Rip was at length routed by his termagant wife, who would

suddenly break in upon the tranquility of the assemblage and call the members all to naught; nor was that august personage, Nicholas Vedder himself, sacred from the daring tongue of this terrible virago, who charged him outright with encouraging her husband in habits of idleness.

1. Who was the writer of this story?

What is the title of this story? (2 points)

2. Who was Nicholas Vedder? (1

point)

3. How did he express his opinions

on public matters? (2 points)

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9e8167912.html,ment. (20 points, 10 points for each)

Directions: In this part of the test, you are given five topics.

Choose TWO of them and give a comment on the Answer

Sheet. Scores will be given according to the content,

grammar and the completeness of the related knowledge.

1.What are the features of literature in Colonial America?

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9e8167912.html,ment on Benjamin Franklin’s Autobiography.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9e8167912.html,ment on Nathaniel Hawthorne’s writing techniques.

4.What philosophical meaning is implied in Philip Freneau’s

“The Wild Honey Suckle”?

5.What are the artistic achievements of Edgar Allan Poe?

答案

I.Blanks: (10%)

(每题1分，共10分，答错不给分)

1. American literature

2. English

3. Puritans

4. short story

5. Autobiography

6. Philip Freneau

7. Washington Irving

8. Edgar Allan Poe9. The Scarlet Letter

II.Multiple Choice: ( 20%)

(每题1分，共20分，答错不给分)

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. A

5. A

6. C

7. B

8. C

9. B 10. D

11. A 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. C 16.C 17.

B 18. A 19.

C 20. D

III.Identification (20%)

（每题1分，共20分，答错不给分）

1.James Fenimore Cooper

2.Washington Irving

3.Anne Bradstreet

4.Michael Wigglesworth

5.Washington Irving

6.James Fenimore Cooper

7.Philip Freneau

8.William Cullen Bryant

9.Edgar Allan Poe

10.Edgar Allan Poe

11.Nathaniel Hawthorne

12.Edgar Allan Poe

13.Anne Bradstreet

14.Washington Irving

15.James Fenimore Cooper

16.Philip Freneau

17.William Cullen Bryant

18.Edgar Allan Poe

19.Nathaniel Hawthorne

20.Philip Freneau

IV.Terms (20%)

（每题4分，共20分。答案中给出多个知识点，答对其中四个知识点即得满分，多于四个不加分，少则扣分。超出所给

出答案部分的，评卷人可根据相关内容和知识酌情给分。）1.Transcendentalism

Key words: Emerson, Thoreau, nature, intuition, oversoul, individualism, spirit, idealism, Romanticism, etc.

2.Free Verse

Key words: without fixed beat, regular rhyme scheme, Whitman, Leaves of Grass, etc.

3. Leatherstocking Tales

Key words: Cooper, five novels, Natty Bumppo, frontier, frontiersman, life from youth to old age, The Pioneer, The

Last of the Mohicans, The Prairie, The Pathfinder, The

Deerslayer, etc.

4. Puritanism

key words: Calvin, purify, hard work, thrift, predestination, salvation, sin, God, from England to America,

immigration, etc.

5. Benjamin Franklin

key words: statesman, scientist and writer, Autobiography, Poor Richard’s Almanac, puritan, hard work and thrift,

successful, contributions, printer, etc.

V.Appreciation (10%)

（每题5分，共10分。评卷人可以按照问题及内容酌情给分）

Part A

a)P hilip Freneau’s（1分）The

Wild Honey Suckle （1分）

b)I t is written in iambic

tetrameter, the rhyme scheme

is ababcc.（1分）

c)“Little being” refers to the wild

honey suckle. （1分）“But an

hour”means the lifespan of a

flower is very short. （1分）

Part B

1. Washington Irving’s（1分）Rip Van

Wingkle（1分）

2. Nicholas Vedder is the owner of the

inn/ a patriarch of the village/ and

landlord of the inn,（1分）

3. He expressed his opinion by the way

of smoking. / When anything that

was read or related displeased him,

he was observed to smoke his pipe

vehemently, and to send forth

short, frequent and angry puffs;

but when pleased, he would inhale

the smoke slowly and tranquilly,

and emit it in light and placid

clouds; and sometimes, taking the

pipe from his mouth, and letting

the fragrant vapor curl about his

nose, would gravely nod his head

in token of perfect approbation.（2

分）

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9e8167912.html,ment. (20%)

(每题10分，此题共20分)

一等（9-10分）：内容基本正确并且语法准确，表达完整清晰，理解透彻；

二等（6-8分）：有少量知识点或语法错误，表达比较清晰完整，有比较透彻的理解；

三等（3-5分）：知识点表达错误较多，内容不完整，知识略显混乱，思路不太清晰；

四等（1-2分）：内容基本不太正确，思维混乱，内容贫乏，对问题没有理解。

答案：（略）

《小王子英文版》精读笔记——第一章

《小王子英文版》精读笔记——第一章 第1 章 [ Chapter 1 ] ◆magnificent /m?ɡ?n?f?snt/ adj. 壮丽的;令人印象深刻的 ◆primeval /pra??miv?l/ adj. 原始的 ◆a boa constrictor 一条蟒蛇 ◆boa /'b???/ n. 蟒 ◆constrictor /k?n'str?kt?/ n. 大蟒 ◆swallow /'sw?l??/ v. 吞下 ◆called True Stories from Nature 可以看做非限制性定语修饰a book（解释补充说明）◆in the act of doing (sth.) 正在做某事时 ◆prey /pre?/ n[U].猎物v.捕食 ◆swallow sth. whole 把……囫囵吞下 ◆whole /h??l/ adj. 完整的 ◆chew /t?u?/ vt.咀嚼 ◆succeed in doing 成功地做某事 ◆drawing /'dr??(r)??/ n. 图画 ◆masterpiece /'mɑ?st?pi?s/ n. 杰作 ◆frighten /'fra?t(?)n/ v.使惊恐;吓唬 ◆show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看 ◆digest /da?'d?est/ v.消化 ◆ask sb. sth. 询问某人某事 ◆whether the drawing frightened them 宾语从句 ◆be frightened by... 被……吓坏(吓一跳) ◆digesting an elephant 现在分词短语作后置定语 完整版笔记持续更新中ing 公主号：中学英语Club

西方文论大纲及试题

西方文论大纲及试题 IMB standardization office【IMB 5AB- IMBK 08- IMB 2C】

《西方文论》课程考试说明一、考试内容与要求 （一）古希腊时期的文艺思想? 1、古希腊早期的文艺思想 （1）了解毕达哥拉斯学派的学说 （2）了解苏格拉底等的模仿说 2、柏拉图的文艺思想? （1）生平与思想 （2）理解柏拉图的理式论 （3）识记模仿说 （4）识记灵感论（锁链说） （5）理解艺术功能观 2、亚里士多德的文艺思想? （1）生平与思想 （2）了解文艺本质论 （3）掌握亚里士多德的诗学理论 （二）古罗马时期的文艺思想? 1、贺拉斯的文艺思想 （1）生平与创作 （2）了解古典主义的创作原则 （3）了解文艺功能论 （4）理解“寓教于乐”学说

2、朗吉弩斯的美学思想? （1）生平与着作 （2）理解崇高的本质及其功能 （3）识记崇高风格的构成要素 3、了解普罗提诺的文艺思想 （1）美的来源在于“太一”的分享? （2）美的目的在于复归上帝 （三）中古时代的基督教文艺思想 1、圣·奥古斯丁的美学思想 （1）理解美在于上帝的创造 （2）理解美在于杂多的统一 （3）了解诉诸心灵的审美观照 2、托马斯·阿奎那的文艺思想 （1）理解从理性到“艺术家的观念” （2）理解美与善的区别 （3）理解《圣经》的象征意义 （四）文艺复兴时期的文艺思想? 1、识记并理解但丁“四义说”与民族语言理论 2、了解人文主义的概念 3、了解达芬奇的“镜子说”、“第二自然” 理论 4、了解文艺复兴的性质和文论史意义

（五）新古典主义文艺思想 1、了解古典主义文艺理论产生的背景（1）社会背景 （2）思想背景 2、知晓古典主义戏剧家的理论? 高乃依、拉辛、莫里哀的戏剧理论 3、识记理解布瓦洛的《诗艺》“三一律” （六）启蒙主义文艺思想? 1、了解狄德罗的文艺思想 （1）美学观 （2）艺术价值观 （3）戏剧理论 2、了解莱辛的文艺思想 （1）《拉奥孔》的文艺思想 （2）《汉堡剧评》的文艺思想 （七）德国古典美学? 1、德国古典美学概述 2、了解康德的美学思想 （1）哲学思想 （2）美的理论 （3）崇高理论

常耀信《美国文学简史》(第3版)笔记和考研真题详解(9-14章)【圣才出品】

第9章地方色彩小说?马克?吐温 9.1复习笔记 I.Local Colorism（地方色彩主义） The vogue of local color fiction was the outgrowth of historical and aesthetic forces that had been gathering energy since early19th century.Local colorism as a literary trend first made its presence felt in the late1860s and early seventies.It is a variation of American literary realism. Local colorists were consciously nostalgic historians of a vanishing way of life,recorders of a present that faded before their eyes.They concerned themselves with presenting and interpreting the local character of their regions.They tended to idealize and glorify,but they never forgot to keep an eye on the truthful color of local life.Major local colorists are Bret Harte,Hanlin Garland, Harriet Beecher Stowe,Kate Chopin and Mark Twain. 地方色彩小说的流行是自19世纪早期以来历史和艺术力量凝聚的产物。作为一种文学潮流，地方色彩主义在19世纪60年代晚期和70年代早期初展头角。它是美国现实主义文学的一个分支。 地方色彩主义作家是怀念正在消逝的生活方式的历史家，他们记录了在他们眼前逝去的现在。他们致力于展示描述自己地方的特色，倾向于赞颂地方生活并将其理想化，但是他们又注意不失地方生活的真实色彩。主要的地方色彩主义作家包括布莱特·哈特、汉林·加兰德、哈里耶特·比彻·斯托、凯特·肖邦及马克·吐温等。 II.Mark Twain(1835-1910)（马克·吐温） 1.Life（生平） Mark Twain,pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens,is a great literary giant of America. He was brought up in the small town of Hannibal,Missouri,on the Mississippi River.He was twelve when his father died and he had to leave school.He was successively a printer’s apprentice,a tramp printer,a silver miner,a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi,and a frontier journalist in Nevada and California.This knocking about gave him wide knowledge of humanity. With the publication of his frontier tale,he became nationally famous.His first novel The Gilded Age was an artistic failure,but it gave its name to the American of the post-bellum period.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was his masterwork.Mark Twain was essentially an affirmative writer.But toward the latter part of his life,due to some tragic events,he changed to an almost

西方文论大纲及试题

西方文论大纲及试题 Document serial number【KKGB-LBS98YT-BS8CB-BSUT-BST108】

《西方文论》课程考试说明 一、考试内容与要求 （一）古希腊时期的文艺思想 1、古希腊早期的文艺思想 （1）了解毕达哥拉斯学派的学说 （2）了解苏格拉底等的模仿说 2、柏拉图的文艺思想 （1）生平与思想 （2）理解柏拉图的理式论 （3）识记模仿说 （4）识记灵感论（锁链说） （5）理解艺术功能观 2、亚里士多德的文艺思想 （1）生平与思想 （2）了解文艺本质论 （3）掌握亚里士多德的诗学理论 （二）古罗马时期的文艺思想 1、贺拉斯的文艺思想 （1）生平与创作 （2）了解古典主义的创作原则 （3）了解文艺功能论 （4）理解“寓教于乐”学说 2、朗吉弩斯的美学思想 （1）生平与着作 （2）理解崇高的本质及其功能 （3）识记崇高风格的构成要素 3、了解普罗提诺的文艺思想 （1）美的来源在于“太一”的分享 （2）美的目的在于复归上帝 （三）中古时代的基督教文艺思想 1、圣·奥古斯丁的美学思想 （1）理解美在于上帝的创造 （2）理解美在于杂多的统一 （3）了解诉诸心灵的审美观照 2、托马斯·阿奎那的文艺思想 （1）理解从理性到“艺术家的观念” （2）理解美与善的区别 （3）理解《圣经》的象征意义 （四）文艺复兴时期的文艺思想 1、识记并理解但丁“四义说”与民族语言理论 2、了解人文主义的概念

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A Concise History of American Literature What is literature? Literature is language artistically used to achieve identifiable literary qualities and to convey meaningful messages. Chapter 1 Colonial Period I.Background: Puritanism 1.features of Puritanism (1)Predestination: God decided everything before things occurred. (2)Original sin: Human beings were born to be evil, and this original sin can be passed down from generation to generation. (3)Total depravity (4)Limited atonement: Only the “elect” can be saved. 2.Influence (1) A group of good qualities –hard work, thrift, piety, sobriety (serious and thoughtful) influenced American literature. (2)It led to the everlasting myth. All literature is based on a myth – garden of Eden. (3)Symbolism: the American puritan’s metaphorical mode of perception was chiefly instrumental in calling into being a literary symbolism which is distinctly American. (4)With regard to their writing, the style is fresh, simple and direct; the rhetoric is plain and honest, not without a touch of nobility often traceable to the direct influence of the Bible. II.Overview of the literature 1.types of writing diaries, histories, journals, letters, travel books, autobiographies/biographies, sermons 2.writers of colonial period (1)Anne Bradstreet (2)Edward Taylor (3)Roger Williams (4)John Woolman (5)Thomas Paine (6)Philip Freneau III.Jonathan Edwards 1.life 2.works (1)The Freedom of the Will (2)The Great Doctrine of Original Sin Defended (3)The Nature of True Virtue 3.ideas – pioneer of transcendentalism (1)The spirit of revivalism (2)Regeneration of man (3)God’s presence (4)Puritan idealism IV.Benjamin Franklin 1.life 2.works (1)Poor Richard’s Almanac (2)Autobiography 3.contribution (1)He helped found the Pennsylvania Hospital and the American Philosophical Society.

化学元素周期表,元素周期律 精读笔记!!

一．元素周期表 1.原子序数=核电荷数=核内质子数=核外电子数 2.主族元素最外层电子数=主族序数 3.电子层数=周期序数 4.碱金属元素:密度逐渐增大,熔沸点逐渐变大,自上而下反应越来越剧烈 银白色金属,密度小,熔沸点低,导电导热性强 5.判断元素金属性强弱的方法: 单质与水(酸)反应置换出氢的难易程度 最高价氧化物的水化物(氢氧化物)的碱性强弱 单质间的置换 6.卤族元素:密度逐渐增大,熔沸点逐渐升高 与氢气反应剧烈程度越来越弱,生成氢化物稳定性渐弱 7.判断元素非金属性强弱的方法: 与氢气生成气态氢化物的难易程度以及氢化物的稳定性 最高价氧化物的水化物的酸性 单质间的置换 8.质量数:核内所有质子和中子的相对质量取近似整数相加 9.核素:具有一定数目质子和一定数目的中子的一种原子 10.同位素:质子数相同而中子数不同的同一元素的不同原子互称为同位素 天然稳定存在的同位素,无论是游离态还是化合态各同位素所占的原子个数百分比一般是不变的在相同状况下,各同位素的化学性质基本相同(几乎完全一样),物理性质有所不同 12.原子相对原子质量=1个原子的质量/（1/12 C12的原子质量） 13.原子的近似相对原子质量=质量数 14.元素的相对原子质量=各同位素的相对原子质量的平均值=A·a％+B·b％… 15.元素的近似相对原子质量=各同位素质量数的平均值=A·a％+B·b％… 二．元素周期律 1.K、L、M、N、O、P、Q（1,2,3,4,5,6，7，）层数越大，电子离核越远，其能量越高 2.能量最低原理 3.各电子层最多容纳电子数：2n^2 4.最外层不超过8，次外层18，倒数第三层32 5.原子半径：同周期主族元素，原子半径从左到右逐渐减小