初一英语五种基本句型及练习汇编

五种基本句型与初中英语写作

一：基本句型

基本句型一: 主+系+表

此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思.这类动词叫做连系动词.连系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化的be 动词本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用.其它连系动词仍保持其部分词义.

1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典.

2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好.

3. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了

4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了.

5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮.

基本句型二: 主+谓(不及物动词)

此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思.这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词,介词短语等.

1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着.

2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了.

3. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系.

4. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时.

5. The pen │writes smoothly. 这支笔书写流利.

基本句型三: 主+谓(及物)+宾

此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整.这类动词叫做及物动词.

1. Who │knows │the answer？谁知道答案？

2. He │enjoys │reading. 他喜欢看书.

3. He │admits │that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误.

基本句型四: 主+谓(及物)+双宾（间宾+直宾）

此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思.这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者.通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接,当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时,这一介词往往被省略.

1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳.

2. I │showed │him │my pictures. 我给他看我的照片.

3. He │bought │you │a dictionary.他给你买了一本字典.

4. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了.

5. He │showed │me │how to run th e machine. 他教我开机器.

基本句型五: 主+谓(及物)+复合宾语（宾+宾补）

此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整.

1. They │painted │the door │green. 他们把门漆成绿色.

2. They │found │the house │deserted. 他们发现那房子无人居住.

3. What │makes │him │think so？他怎么会这样想？.

4. We │saw │him │out. 我们送他出去.

5. He │asked │me │to come back soon. 他要我早点回来.

6. I │saw │them │getting on the bus at that time. 我看见他们当时在上了那辆公共汽车.

二：请判断下列句子的结构类型：

1.He is running.

2.The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry.

3.The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.

4.She seemed angry.

5.My father bought me a beautiful present.

6.Why do you keep your eyes closed？

7.Will you tell us an exciting story？

8.We must keep our classroom tidy and clean.

9.I heard the baby crying in the sitting room.

10.Can you push the window open？

三：基础翻译练习

基本句型一: 主+系+表

1.当时他看起来不高兴。

2.我喜欢的运动是游泳和滑冰。

3.我擅长英语。

4.收到你的来信我很高兴。

5.在公路对面有一栋新教学楼。

6.图书馆里有各种各样的书籍、报纸和杂志。

7.那是在2000年2月8日早上7:15.

8.天变得越来越黑。

9.这食物吃起来挺可口的。

10. 这故事听起来很有趣。

Key:

1.He looked unhappy at that time.

2. My favorite sports are swimming and skating.

3. I am very good at English.

4. I was so pleased to hear from you.

5. On the other side of the road there is a new teaching building.

6. In the library there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines.

7. It was 7:15 on the morning of February 8, 2000.

8. It is getting darker and darker.

9. The food tastes delicious.

10. The story sounds very interesting.

基本句型二: 主+谓(不及物动词)

1. 1984年至1990年我在光明小学学习。

2. 今天上午，我们在校门口会面然后一起去那里。

3. 时间很快过去了。

4. 这几年我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。

5. 小车没有停而是快速的开走了。

6. 在过去的10年间它的经济发展迅速。

7. 那个年轻人重重地摔倒在地。

8. 过去他早上习惯于早起。

Key:

1.I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990.

2.This morning we met at the school gate and went there together.

3.The time passed quickly.

4. Great changes have taken place in our hometown these years.

5. The car didn't stop but drove off at great speed.

6. Its economy has developed rapidly in the past ten years.

7. The young man fell down on the ground hard.

8. He used to get up early in the morning.

基本句型三: 主+谓(及物)+宾

1.去年在学校电脑竞赛中我获得了一等奖。

2. 在业余时间我喜欢听流行音乐和收集邮票。

3.几天前我和我兄弟骑自行车去看电影。

4. 我们也在校园内和周围种上了许多树。

5. 晚上时，我可以看电视新闻或看报纸。

6. 在回家的路上他把钱给丢了。

7. 昨晚大约九点的时候，我正在做作业。

8. 才艺展示（Talent Show）将于6月18日在北京电视台举行。

9. 下午，我将带你们转转，看一看一些名胜。

10. 盼望能尽早见到你。

Key:

1. Last year I won first prize in the school computer competition.

2. In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps.

3. The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.

4. We also planted a lot of trees in and around the school.

5. In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read newspapers.

6. He lost the money on his way home.

7. About 9 o'clock last night, I was doing my homework.

8. Talent Show will be held in Beijing Television Station on July 18.

9. In the afternoon, I’ll show you around and take you to some places of intere st.

10. I’m looking forward to meeting you soon.

基本句型四: 主+谓(及物)+双宾（间宾+直宾）

1.去年王老师教我们英语。

2. 明天我要给他写封信，告诉他这个好消息。

3. 他们给他提供了一份工作，但他拒绝了。

4. 在我14岁生日时，爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。

5. 昨晚我花了两小时才完成作业。

6. 对不起，能问你一个问题吗？

Key:

1.Mr Wang taught us English last year.

2. Tomorrow I’ll wri te him a letter and tell him the good news.

3. They offered him a job, but he turned it down.

4. On my 14th birthday, Father bought me a new bike.

5. It took me two hours to finish my homework last night.

6. Excuse me, can I ask you a question?

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