Proofreading(翻译教程)

有些句子表达有问题，仔细阅读。用红笔修改汉语，或者给出你自己的译文，下次上课带来。

Improve your translation if necessary.

1．Some motions appear to be very simple; others very complicated.

有些运动看起来很简单，有些运动看起来则很复杂。

2．The middle-aged teacher carried on teaching work in spite of the diseases.

尽管那位中年教师身患种种疾病，他仍坚持进行教学工作。

3．They include silks and colored thread.

它们包括各种丝绸和彩线。

4．The 1967 UN document calls for the settlement of the Middle East conflict on the basis of Israeli withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement of Israeli’s rig ht to exist.

本句中的抽象名词“settlement”、“withdrawal”、“acknowledgement”，连同相关的词，可以用汉语中的动词“解决”、“撤退”、“承认”来表达。

译文：1967年的联合国文件呼吁解决中东冲突，其基础是以色列从被占领的土地上撤退，阿拉伯国家则承认以色列人的生存权。

6.An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs.

了解一点世界史，对学习时事有帮助。

7.The characteristics of his family claim some attention from all who would understand

Napoleon and the influence which he was to wield over modern Europe.

谁要想了解拿破仑其人及其对近代欧洲所产生的影响，谁就得给予他的家族特征以一定的重视。

8. Lack of historical foundation for the long accepted view that early American banks were engines of inflation does not imply that their numerous critics were unjustified in all their charges. (The Evolution of the American Economy)

这个句子的主句是Lack of historical foundation… does not imply that their numerous critics were unjustified…，再穿插以短语和从句来构成完整意思。中文无法照这一语序安排，因为中文不能用“缺乏”（lack）作主语。按中文习惯，我们可转换词类和句子成份，把“lack of historical foundation”译成中文的动宾结构。

译文：长期以来，人们接受了一种观点，认为早期的美国银行是通货膨胀的肇始者，这是缺乏历史根据的，然而这并不是说，许许多多的评论家对银行的所有指责都没有道理。

9. For example, great efforts are made by the American tobacco industry to sell cigarettes in the Middle East and North Africa where U.S. tobacco exports increased by more than 27 percent in 1974.

在该句中，较难处理的词汇之一就是effort，若把great efforts 直译为“巨大的努力”，给人一冗长累赘之感，如果把great efforts 转译为动词“力图”，译文就通顺多了。另外，在该句的后半部分，还有exports一词，在翻译时也应该把它具体化，翻译成“出口量”。

译文：例如，美国烟草工业就力图在中东和北非推销香烟，在这些地区，美国烟草的出口量在1974年增加了27%以上。

10. The speed of the molecules is increased when they are heated.

当分子受热时，分子的速度就增加

11. In no circumstances should erroneous statements be allowed to spread unchecked.

决不让错误言论自由泛滥。

12. The process of aging and eventual death must ultimately be accepted as the natural progression of the life cycle, the old completing their prescribed life spans and making way for the young .

人们最终必须接受衰老及最后的辞世是人生周期的一个自然进程——老人走完了固有的生命，从而为年轻人让位。

13. There is no royal road to science, and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of the steep paths have a chance of gaining its luminous summits.

在科学上没有平坦的大道，只有不畏劳苦，沿着陡峭的山路攀登的人，才有希望达到光辉的顶点。

14. This practice book is intended for foreign engineers or students of engineering who have already mastered the elements of English, and who now want to use their knowledge of the language to read books on their subjects.

这本练习课本是给那些已经掌握了英语基础知识而现在要利用学到的语言知识来阅读专业书籍的外国工程师或学习工程学的学生用的。

15. This volume is prepared as examples for writing compositions which as it were has been taken as a difficult task.

本书旨在为写作提供范例，可以说写作是一个难题。

16. In English, attributive clauses are used extensively, some of which are very long and complicated in structure.

在英语中,定语从句的运用极为广泛,有的从句很长而且结构复杂.

17. These books, which are only a small part of my collection, I picked up in America

这些书是我在美国买的,它们在我的藏书中只占一小部分.

18. This was the first time I had serious trouble with my boss.

这是我第一次和老板发生严重纠葛。

19. Einstein is often portrayed in bourgeois writin gs as a “genius” whose theories are so complicated that no one but a few best scientists can understand.

爱因斯坦在资产阶级笔下被描绘为一个“天才”，（因为）他的理论如此深奥以至于只有少数最杰出的科学家才能懂得。

20. I had the honor of seeing Chairman Mao, who was visiting the Jinggang Mountain in 1965.

毛泽东1965年重访井冈山时，我曾荣幸地见到他。

21. Steel parts are usually covered with grease, with which they may not rust.

钢零件通常用润滑油覆盖，免得生锈。

22. Chinese trade delegations have been sent to African countries, who will negotiate trade agreements with the respective governments.

中国派了贸易代表团前往非洲各国，以便与各国政府商谈贸易协定。

23. The imperialist states maintain enormous armies and gigantic navies which are used for oppressing and exploiting the people in distant land.

帝国主义国家维持庞大的陆海军，用以压迫和剥削远地的人民。

23. My grandfather, who is now in his eighties, is still a keen cyclist.

我爷爷虽然八十多岁了，可还是顶喜欢骑自行车。

24. What the students find most difficult in a foreign language is its idiomatic usage.

学生感到，一种外国语最困难的地方是它的习惯用法。

25. It was really a mystery to the neighbors that Mary, the ugly woman, could succeed in ordering about her husband ,the strong –armed blacksmith ,well known far and wide ,and having him where she wanted him.

玛丽这个丑女人把丈夫—远近闻名，胳膊粗力气大的铁匠支使得滴溜溜转，让他往东他不敢往西，这对他们的邻居说来，简直是个谜.

26. It is reported that the meeting will be held in June.

据报导，这个会将在六月间举行。

27. He has fully lived up to what he promised.

他完全实现了他的诺言。

28. We expressed the hope that they would come over to visit China again.

我们表示希望他们再到中国来访问。

29. Can you produce any evidence that he was not at home that night?

你能不能提出证明，断定他那天夜里不在家。

30. Through many years’ prac tice of teaching foreign language, I have derived a new experience that translation is the best possible approach to studying English.

通过多年的外语教学经验，我获得了一条新经验：翻译是学习英语的最好办法。31. When the wall fell down, all the people ran away in a panic.

墙倒塌的时候，所有的人都争先恐后的跑开了。

32. My gratitude for your help is more than I can express.

对于你给我帮助的感激之情我无法表达。

33. It is not uncommon for a great scholar to be ignorant in everyday affairs.

伟大的学者对日常事务无知，这种情况常见。

34. But one basic difference of opinion concerns the question of whether or not the city as such is to be preserved.

但是，一个最主要的问题是，像目前这样的大城市是否还要保存下去。

35. She attended the meeting in spite of her illness.

她不顾生病，仍去开会。

36. Improve your study habits.

改进你的学习习惯。

37. This is a rapidly growing modern enterprise.

这是一个正在迅速成长的现代企业。

38. She was praised and he was criticized by the teacher.

她被老师表扬了而他被老师批评了。

39. It is possible that they never imagined that any considerable amount of public opinion would be rallied in their favor.

这是可能的：他们从未想象过有任何相当数量的公众意见会聚集到对他们有利的方面来。

40. The failure rate of up to 20 % claimed for misoperation is misleadingly depressing.

测谎器高达80%的成功率，据说有误导的吸引力。

41. 您好，欢迎光临我们的工厂。我是厂区的业务经理，我很荣幸能带领大家参观厂区。不知道各位对那些方面比较感兴趣？

Hello, welcome to our factory, I am the operation manager of the factory area.

I am honored to be your guide and take you to visit here. May I know your major interests? (商务英汉互译：理论与实践，国防工业出版社，2014,338)

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Why We're Fat 1 So why is obesity happening? The obvious, clichéd-but-true answer is that we eat too much high-calorie food and don't burn it off with enough exercise. If only we had more willpower, the problem would go away. But it isn't that easy. 为什么会有肥胖症？一个明显、老生常谈但又真实的答案就是我们吃太多高热量食物并且没有进行足够的运动消耗它。要是我们的意志力更强大，这个问题便迎刃而解了。但是，问题并不是那么简单。 2 When warned about the dangers of overeating, we get briefly spooked and try to do better. Then we're offered a plateful of pancakes smothered in maple syrup, our appetite overpowers our reason, and before we know it, we're at it again. Just why is appetite such a powerful driver of behavior, and, more important, how can we tame it? 当我们被警告说吃得太多的时候，一时总会被吓倒并努力做好一些。然后一碟涂满槭糖浆的煎饼摆在面前，我们的食欲战胜了我们的理智，等到我们意识到它的时候，我们又重蹈覆辙了。到底为什么食欲具有如此强大的推动力？更重要的是，我们怎么才能够控制它？ 3 Within the past few years, science has linked our ravenous appetites to genes and hormones. Among the hormones that fuel these urges are ghrelin and leptin, known as the "hunger hormones." Ghrelin is produced mostly by cells in the stomach lining. Its job is to make you feel hungry by affecting the hypothalamus, which governs metabolism. Ghrelin levels rise in dieters who lose weight and then try to keep it off. It's almost as if their bodies are trying to regain the lost fat. This is one reason why it's hard to lose weight and maintain the loss. 近几年来，科学将我们迫不及待要吃的食欲跟基因和激素联系起来。激起这些强烈的欲望的激素有胃促生长素和消瘦素，也被称作“饥饿激素”。胃促生长素主要由胃保护层的细胞产生。它的职责是影响控制新陈代谢的下丘脑，让你感到饥饿。当节食者减肥并且努力维持减肥效果，他的胃促生长素水平就会升高。就像他们的身体要试图恢复失去的脂肪。这是为什么很难减肥并维持减肥效果的原因之一。 4 Leptin turns your appetite off and is made by fat cells. Low leptin levels increase your appetite and signal your body to store more fat. High leptin levels relay the opposite signal. Many obese people have developed a resistance to the appetite-suppressing effects of leptin and never feel satisfied, no matter how much they eat. Basically, your body uses these hormones to help you stay at your weight and keep you from losing fat —which is another reason why dieting can be so difficult. 消瘦素消除你的食欲，它来自脂肪细胞。低消瘦素水平增加你的食欲并通知你的身体储存更多的脂肪。高消瘦素水平传递相反的信号。很多肥胖的人已经形成了一种对消瘦素抑制食欲效应的抵抗，不管他们吃多少也从不感到满足。从根本上说，你的身体利用这些激素帮助你保持现在的体重，不让你的脂肪流走——这是节食如此之难的另外一个原因。