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PSS3000和PSS3100安装手册中文翻译资料

安徽九华山旅游发展股份有限公司花台索道分公司

PSS3000/PSS3100 安装手册

英汉双语资料

英文资料来源PILZ公司翻译：胡明胜

1Introduction................................. 1-1

1.1 Overview of documentation文档内容预览......................................................... 1-1

1.2 Terminology 术语................................................................................................. 1-2

1.3 Definition of symbols 图标定义........................................................................... 1-2 2Safety Regulations安全手册 .................. 2-1

2.1 Safety guidelines 安全指引 ................................................................................. 2-1

2.2 Use of qualified personnel人员资质 ................................................................... 2-1

2.3 EMCD电磁兼容.................................................................................................... 2-1

2.4 Warranty and liability 保养与责任 ...................................................................... 2-2

2.5 Disposal 回收 ....................................................................................................... 2-2

2.6 Supplying power to the PSS 安全系统的供电..................................................... 2-2

2.6.1 PSS(1) PS 24 V ..................................................................................................... 2-2

2.6.2 PSS PS ................................................................................................................. 2-4

2.6.3 Module racks PSS1 BMPS 3/1 and PSS1 BMPS 3/3模块机架PSS1 3/1(3) ........... 2-4

2.7 Supplying the input/output modules 输入/输出模块供电................................. 2-5

2.8 Installation 安装................................................................................................... 2-7

2.9 Connections 连接................................................................................................. 2-8 3Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)电磁兼容.. 3-1

3.1 Overview 预览 ..................................................................................................... 3-1

3.2 Making the installation EMC-compliant 电磁兼容性安装 .................................. 3-2

3.2.1 Connecting the earth cables 接地连接线......................................................... 3-2

3.2.2 Cabling 电缆...................................................................................................... 3-3

3.2.3 Equipotential bonding 等电位联接 .................................................................. 3-4

3.2.4 Screened cables 屏蔽线.................................................................................... 3-5

3.2.5 Insulation voltage test 绝缘耐压试验 .............................................................. 3-5

3.2.6 Suppression of inductive loads 感性负载的过压抑制..................................... 3-5

3.2.7 Miscellaneous 杂项........................................................................................... 3-6

3.2.8 Installing within an enclosure or wall-mounting 机柜内或壁挂式式安装 ...... 3-6

3.2.9 Testing the EMC-compliance of an installation 安装时的EMC指标测试 ....... 3-7 4Installation 安装............................ 4-1

4.1 Installing the PSS 3000 series 安装PSS3000系列 .............................................. 4-1

4.1.1 Installing the module rack 安装槽基架 ............................................................ 4-1

4.1.2 Installing the modules for the PSS 3000 series 安装PSS3000系统的模块..... 4-2

4.1.3 Expansion devices for the PSS 3000 series PSS3000系列的扩展设备 ............. 4-2

4.1.4 Installing the module rack in a control cabinet (PSS 3000 series)

在控制柜内安装模块机架（PSS3000系统） ................................................. 4-4

4.2 Installing the PSS 3100 series 安装PSS3100系列 .............................................. 4-5

4.2.1 Installing the module rack PSS1 BMP 5/2 安装PSS1 BMP 5/2机架.................. 4-5

4.2.2 Installing the module racks PSS1 BMPS 3/1 and PSS1 BMPS 3/3

安装PSS1 BMPS 3/1和PSS1 BMPS 3/3 ............................................................ 4-5

4.2.3 Installing the modules from the PSS 3100 series 安装PSS3100系统模块...... 4-6

4.2.4 Changing a module from the PSS 3100 series 更换PSS3100系统模块 .......... 4-7

4.2.5 Installing the PSS1 BMP 5/2 module rack in a control cabinet (PSS 3100 series)

在控制柜中安装PSS1 BMP 5/2模块机架 ........................................................ 4-7

4.2.6 Installing the module racks PSS1 BMPS 3/1 and PSS1 BMPS 3/3 in a

control cabinet(PSS 3100 series) 在控制柜中安装PSS1 BMPS 3/1和

PSS1 BMPS 3/3 .................................................................................................... 4-8 5Interfaces接口.............................. 5-1

5.1 PSS(1) CPU, PSS(1) SF CPU, PSS(1) SB CPU ............................................................ 5-1

5.1.1 Programming device interface ("PG") 编程接口 .............................................. 5-1

5.1.2 RS 232 user interface RS232用户接口.............................................................. 5-1

5.2 PSS(1) CPU 2, PSS(1) CPU 3, PSS(1) SB CPU 3 ........................................................ 5-2

5.2.1 Programming device interface ("PG") ................................................................ 5-2

5.2.2 Programming device interface RS 232 RS232编程接口.................................... 5-3

5.2.3 Programming device interface RS 485................................................................ 5-3

5.2.4 User interface ("USER") 用户接口 .................................................................... 5-4

5.3 PSS(1) SB CPU, PSS(1) SB CPU 3 ............................................................................ 5-5

5.3.1 SafetyBUS p interface SafetyBUS_p型总线接口 ........................................... 5-5 6Power Supply Optimisation 电源优化........... 6-1

6.1 Power consumption: failsafe modules事故保障型模块（FS）耗电量.............. 6-2

6.2 Power consumption: standard modules标准型（ST）模块耗电量................... 6-3

1 INTRODUCTION

This installation manual contains all the information you need to install a PSS system from the PSS 3000 or PSS 3100 series.

本手册包含了PSS3000/PSS3100系列PSS系统的所有安装方面信息。

PSS 3000 series: PS3000系列：

? PSS 3000

? PSS SF 3000

? PSS SB 3000

PSS 3100 series: PSS3100系列：

? PSS 3100

? PSS SF 3100

? PSS SB 3100

If you are using the PSS SB 3000 or PSS SB 3100 you should also refer to the "SafetyBUS p Installation Manual".

如果你正在使用PSS SB 3000或PSS SB 3100，那么需要参阅“SafetyBus p 安装手册”。

1.1OVERVIEW OF DOCUMENTATION文档内容预览

The installation manual is divided into 7 chapters:

本安装手册分为7章

1 Introduction 引言

The introduction is designed to familiarise you with the contents, structure and specific order of this installation manual.

本章是让您熟悉的本安装手册的内容，结构和顺序。

2 Safety Regulations 安全规则

This chapter must be read as it contains important information on safety and intended use.

必须阅读本章，因为它包含了安全和用途等重要信息。

3 Electromagnetic Compatibility电磁兼容

This chapter describes how to make your installation EMC-compliant.

本章介绍如何使安装符合EMC要求。

4 Installation 安装

This chapter explains how to install the programmable safety systems.

本章介绍如何安装安全型可编程系统。

5 Interfaces 接口

This chapter describes the interfaces on the programmable safety system.

本章介绍安全型可编程系统的各种接口。

6 Power Supply Optimisation 电源优化

This chapter contains a table which will help you arrange the power supply.

本章包含一个各型号模块额定工作电流的表。 7 Appendix 附录

This chapter describes the changes in the various versions of this installation manual.

本章介绍了各版本的安装手册的修订情况。

1.2 TERMINOLOGY 术语

Throughout this manual, the term "safety system" or simply "PSS" will be used to refer to the programmable safety systems in the PSS 3000 and PSS 3100 series.

在本说明书中，术语“安全系统”（或简称为“PSS ”）是专指PSS3000和PSS3100

系列的安全型可编程系统。

1.3 DEFINITION OF SYMBOLS

图标定义

Information in this manual that is of particular importance can be identified as follows:

本手册中的一些重要信息使用下列图标标识：

2SAFETY REGULATIONS安全手册

2.1SAFETY GUIDELINES 安全指引

Failure to keep to these guidelines will render all warranty and liability claims invalid: 不遵守下列要求将导致设备的质保和索赔条款失效：

●All health and safety / accident prevention regulations for the particular area

application must be observed.

必须遵守针对特定应用领域的所有健康和安全/事故预防规定。

●Before using the unit it is necessary to perform a safety assessment in accordance

with the Machinery Directive 98/37/EC.

在使用本安全系统之前，必须根据机械指令98/37/EC进行安全评估。

●Ensure all the requirements of the relevant trade associations are met.

确保满足相关行业协会的要求。

●The internal power supply on the safety system must not be connected to any other

devices.

安全系统的内部电源不能连接到任何其他设备。

2.2USE OF QUALIFIED PERSONNEL人员资质

The safety system may only be assembled, installed, programmed,commissioned, operated, maintained and decomissioned by qualified personnel. Qualified personnel are people who, because they are:

安全系统可只能由合格的专业人员进行组装、安装、编程、调试、操作、维护和拆卸。专来人员应具备以下条件：

●Qualified electrical engineers and

合格的电气工程师和

●Have received training from qualified electrical engineers, are suitably experienced to

operate devices, systems, plant and machinery in accordance with the general standards and guidelines for safety technology.

接受了合格的电气工程师的培训，按照工厂及机器安全技术与通用的标准和准则的要求，有相应的设备和系统的操作经验的人员。

2.3EMCD电磁兼容

The safety system is designed for use in an industrial environment.

安全系统专用于工业环境中。

Interference may occur if used within a domestic environment.

在家用环境中可能会出现干扰。

2.4 WARRANTY AND LIABILITY 保养与责任

All claims to warranty and liability will be rendered invalid if:

出现下列情况，厂商将不提供保修，不承担责任：

● The safety system was used contrary to the purpose for which it was intended.

未按要求使用本安全系统。

● Damage can be attributed to not having followed the guidelines in the manual.

没有遵循手册中的准则所造成的设备损坏。

● Operating personnel are not suitably qualified.

操作者没有合格的资质

● Any type of modification has been made (e.g. exchanging components on the PCB

boards, soldering work etc.).

进行了任何类型的修改（如更换印刷电路板上的零件，进行了焊接操作等）。

2.5 DISPOSAL 回收

The programmable safety system must be disposed of properly when it reaches the end of its service life.

对于达到其使用寿命可编程安全系统必须妥善处理。

2.6 SUPPLYING POWER TO THE PSS 安全系统的供电

● Overvoltage and spikes of interference can damage the PSS power supply. If this

occurs the unit will switch to a safe condition. Please refer to the relevant EMC-measures described in Chapter 3.

过压和浪涌干扰可能会损坏PSS 的电源。如果发生这种情况，系统将将切换到安全状态。请参阅第3章中介绍相关的EMC 措施。 2.6.1 PSS(1) PS 24 V

The "PSS PS 24 V" and "PSS1 PS 24 V" power supplies require a 24 VDC supply.

● CAUTION! The tolerance on the supply voltage for the PSS PS power supply is +10 % or -15 % maximum. On the PSS(1) PS 24 V, the maximum tolerance is +20 % or -15 %. Safe operation cannot be guaranteed outside this range. PSS PS 的供电电压范围为-15%—+10％； PSS （1）PS24 V 的供电电压范围为-15%—+20％。超出此范围将不能保证安全。

Check that the voltage supplied from the external power supply corresponds.

“PSS PS24 V ”和“PSS1 PS24 V ”电源模块需要DC24 V 电源。检查外部电源的电压是否符合要求。

● To achieve the lowest possible residual ripple (< ± 1.2 V), we recommend that you

install a three-phase bridge rectifier or regulated supply.

为了使电源的纹波较低（<±1.2 V ），我们建议您使用三相桥式整流稳压电源。

● The external 24 V power supply must be capable of supplying a minimum of 8 A for

approximately 1 s.

外部的24 V 电源必须能够提供约1

秒，不小于8 A 的驱动电流。

● The fuse between the external and the PSS power supply protects the cabling. The

size of the fuse will depend on the cable cross section and on local regulations.

在供电电源与PSS 电源模块之间串接保险。保险的大小将取决于电源电缆的截面和当地法规规定。

● The external 24 V supply should be connected to the PSS power supply as shown in

the diagram below. The external supply should be earthed in accordance with local regulations. If the external supply is also being used to supply the input/output modules, the 0 V output should be earthed as shown in the section entitled "Supplying the input/output modules".

外部的24 V 电源与PSS 电源模块的连接如下图所示。外部电源的接地应符合当地法规要求。如果外部电源同时为系统的输入/输出模块供电，则“0V ”线也必须接地（见“输入/输出模块供电”一节描述）。

2.6.2PSS PS

●The "PSS PS" power supply requires a supply voltage of 115 or 230VAC. Check

that the voltage supplied from the external power supply corresponds.

“PSS PS”电源模块需要AC 115 V或AC230V电源。检查外部电源的电压是否符合要求。

●Connect your supply to the PSS power supply as shown in the diagram below.

按下图要求连接外部电源与PSS电源模块。

2.6.3MODULE RACKS PSS1 BMPS 3/1 AND PSS1 BMPS 3/3模块机架PSS1

3/1(3)

●The power supply for the module racks "PSS1 BMPS 3/1" and "PSS1 BMPS 3/3"

requires a 24 VDC supply. Check that the voltage supplied from the external power supply corresponds.

模块机架“PSS1 BMP3/1”和“PSS1 BMP3/3”需要DC24 V电源。检查外部电源的电压是否符合要求。

●To achieve the lowest possible residual ripple (< ± 1.2 V), we recommend that you

install a three-phase bridge rectifier or regulated supply.

为了使电源的纹波较低（<±1.2 V），我们建议您使用三相桥式整流稳压电源。

●The power supply generating the 24 VDC for the PSS must be capable of supplying a

minimum of 6 A for approx. 200 ms.

本电源模块必须能够提供约200ms，不小于6A的驱动电流。

●The fuse between the external and the PSS power supply protects the wiring. The

size of the fuse will depend on the cable cross section and on local regulations.

在供电电源与PSS电源模块之间串接保险。保险的大小将取决于电源电缆的截面和当地法规规定。

●Connect the external 24 V supply to the PSS power supply as shown in the diagram

below. The external supply should be earthed in accordance with local regulations. If the external supply is also being used to supply the input/output modules, earth the 0 V mains as described in the section entitled "Supplying the input/output modules".

外部的24 V电源与PSS电源模块的连接如下图所示。外部电源的接地应符合当地法规要求。如果外部电源同时用于系统的输入/输出模块供电，则“0V”线也必须接地（见“输入/输出模块供电”一节描述）。

2.7SUPPLYING THE INPUT/OUTPUT MODULES 输入/输出模块供电

●The digital inputs and outputs require a 24 V supply (see connection diagrams in

Chapters 5 and 6). Check that the voltage supplied from the external power supply corresponds

数字量输入和输出模块需要DC24V供电（接线图在第5和第6章）。检查供电电源电压是否符合要求。

●We recommend that the power supplies PSS(1) PS 24 V and PSS1 BMPS 3/1 or

PSS1 BMPS 3/3 plus the input/output modules are fed via two separate power supplies. This will mean that any breaks in the supply to the input/output modules can be kept away from the CPU.

我们建议电源通过两个独立的电源，一个给PSS （1）PS24 V 、PSS1 BMPS3/1

或PSS1 BMPS3/3供电，另一个给输入/输出模块供电。这样可使得输入/输出模块供电中断时不影响到PSS 的CPU 。

● To achieve the lowest possible residual ripple (< ± 1.2 V), we recommend that you

install a three-phase bridge rectifier or regulated supply.

为了使电源的纹波较低（<±1.2 V ），我们建议您使用三相桥式整流稳压电源。

● The fuse between the external power supply and the module protects the cabling.

The size of the fuse will depend on the cable cross section and on local regulations. 在供电电源与PSS 电源模块之间串接保险。保险的大小将取决于电源电缆的截面和当地法规规定。

● Modules should neither be installed nor removed while voltage is applied.

不要带电热插拔模块。

● The external power supply should be connected to the safety system's input/output

modules as shown in the diagram below.

外部的24 V 电源与PSS 电源模块的连接如下图所示。外部电源的接地应符合当地法规要求。如果外部电源同时用于系统的输入/输出模块供电，则“0V ”线也必须接地（见“输入/输出模块供电”一节描述）。

There must be no direct connection between "N" and the 0 V output on the external power supply.

不能直接将电源的“0V”线与“N”线相连接。

Connect together the 0 V connections on all the 24 V power supplies and earth the 0V mains at a single point. The connection of the 0 V supply to the central earth bar or earth fault monitor must be in accordance with the relevant national regulations (such as EN 60 204, VDE 0113, NFPA 79-1991:17-7, NEC: Article 250, for example).

将所有的DC24V电源的“0V”线连到一起后进行单点接地。电源的“0V”线与中线接地导体或接地故障监视器的连接必须按照国家有关规定（如EN60 204，VDE0113，NFPA79-1991:17-7，NEC：第250条）。

2.8INSTALLATION 安装

●The unit should be installed in an enclosure (e.g. control cabinet) which conforms to

the protection class required.

该系统应安装在符合所需的防护等级的外壳（如控制柜）内。

●When installing the unit in an enclosure such as a control cabinet, the technical

specifications below must be taken into account:

cabinet.

控制柜内通风良好，防止设备过热。

●In extreme ambient conditions, additional measures may be required in order to keep

within the prescribed value range (e.g. air-conditioning within the control cabinet).

在极端的环境条件下，可能需要采取额外措施（如控制柜内的空调），以保持设备工作在规定范围内。

●The safety system must be installed in such a way that buttons and switches cannot

be operated unintentionally.

安全系统必须安装在不会无意碰触到其按钮或开关的地方。

2.9CONNECTIONS 连接

●Cable layout must meet the EMC-guidelines stated in Chapter 3.

电缆布线必须符合第3章中的“EMC指引”。

●Each module should have its own power supply cable as shown in the connection

diagrams (do not make through-connections).

每个模块都应该有各自的电源线（各模块电源线不要直接并联），接线如图所示。

●All modules must be supplied with the voltages they require, otherwise it will not be

possible to carry out the module test (error message will be generated).

所有的模块的供电电压应符合要求，否则将不能通过模块测试（将产生错误消息）。

●The current at each slot connection contact (block of 8 outputs) should be a max.

10A.

目前在每个模块插槽能提供最大10A驱动电流（模块有8路输出端口时）。

●Screened cables are not required for digital I/Os.

数字型I / O端口的接线不需要屏蔽电缆。

●It may be necessary to use screened cables for process interrupts, depending on

ambient conditions and signal frequency

带过程中断功能的端口可能需要使用屏蔽电缆，具体取决于工作环境和信号频率。

●Minimum ranges for cable cross sections on field connection terminals in mm2, in

accordance with EN 61131-2, 08/94:

根据EN61131-2，08/94，各接线端子接线的截面积（单位为mm2）最小范围为：

- Digital inputs（数字输入端口）：0.5 (AWG20) ... 1.5 (AWG16)

- Digital outputs（数字输出端口）：0.5 (AWG20) ... 2.0 (AWG14)

- Analogue input/outputs（摸拟输入/输出端口）：0.18 (AWG24) ... 1.5 (AWG16) - Power supply（电源线）：1.5 (AWG16) ... 2.5 (AWG12)

- Earth（接地线）：1.5 (AWG16) ... 2.5 (AWG12)

●Use copper wiring.

使用铜芯线。

●The torque setting on the connection terminals should be 0.5 ... 0.6 Nm.

端子螺钉紧固力矩大约为0.5—0.6Nm。

●Where safety-relevant applications are concerned, it is essential that short circuits

and line breaks are unable to cause a hazardous condition within a plant.

要重视与安全相关的应用，以确保在线路发生短路或断路故障时不会造成危险情况。

●The way in which this is done will depend on the degree of hazard within the plant

itself, the switching frequency of the input devices and the level of safety of the input devices and actuators. These points must be assessed in conjunction with the relevant standards or approvals body (e.g. BG or TüV).

危险的程度取决于设备本身、输入设备的开关频率、输入设备和驱动设备的安全性能。这些必须遵照有关标准或由有资质的机构进行评估。

●Elimination of short circuits between signals This is possible within

electrically-enclosed areas and also outside electrically-enclosed areas for signals conducted in different multicore cables. However, all components must meet the relevant regulations in accordance with EN, DIN and VDE.

采取措施消除电气线路内部或不同的多芯电缆线路之间的信号之间的短路。当然，所有部件必须符合EN，DIN和VDE的有关规定。

●In principle, the possibility of earth faults and line breaks occurring cannot be

eliminated.

原则上讲，不能排除线路发生接地或断路故障的可能性。

●With multi-channel pulsed input devices, short circuits and line breaks can be

detected via feasibility checks in the control program.

当采取了带多通道脉冲检测输入模块时，短路和断路故障可以被控制程序检查发现。●The input test on the programmable safety system uses test pulses to enable the

system's operating program to carry out a test to detect short circuits and line breaks.

可编程安全系统的操作系统通过检查输入端口测试脉冲来检测线路是否存在短路或断路故障。

3ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC)电磁兼容

3.1OVERVIEW 预览

The safety system is designed to be installed within an electromagnetic industrial environment. To ensure electromagnetic compatibility the correct procedures must be carried out when installing the system.

安全系统被设计成在工业电磁环境中使用。为了确保电磁兼容性，必须按照正确的步骤进行安装。

A device is electromagnetically compatible if:

电磁兼容设备应符合以下要求：

●It functions without error in a given electromagnetic environment.

在给定的电磁环境中不发生功能性故障。

●It does not adversely affect its own environment.

不会对环境产生不利影响。

Electromagnetic interference reaches the system through:

电磁干扰通过以下途径影响系统：

●Radiated fields 环境辐射

●Power supply 供电电源

●Earth cabling 接地线

●Bus 总线

●Interfaces接口

●Input and output cables 输入与输出线路

The interference can be transferred from the source to the receiver (interference sink) via the coupling routes.

电磁干扰还可通过耦合路径传输。

Interference reaches the interference sink (e.g. the PSS 3000) in various ways: 耦合路径有以下几种：

●DC coupling 直流耦合

This occurs if the source and sink of interference have common cable connections. The common cable presents complex resistances, inducing potential differences. Possible sources of interference are switches/relays, running motors or varying potentials for other systems on the same power supply.

发生这种情况是因为系统与干扰源共用供电线路。共用的电缆有一定的电阻，从而导致电位差。干扰源可能是开关/继电器、运行的电机或使用同一电源的其他系统的潜在影响。

●Capacitive (electrical) coupling 容性耦合

A different potential between the source and interference sink (e.g. two cables) creates an electrical field. Cross-coupling is proportional to the rate of voltage change. Possible sources of interference are contactors, static discharge, parallel signal cables.

系统和潜在干扰源（如两根电线）之间产生一个电场。交叉耦合与电压变化率成比例。干扰源可能是接触器，静电放电或平行布线的信号电缆。

● Inductive (magnetic) coupling 感性耦合

A live cable produces a magnetic field which surrounds both the live and neighbouring cables. Interference voltage is induced. Cross-coupling is proportional to the rate of current change. Possible sources of interference are mains cables running in parallel, live cables, high frequency cables, inductors, transformers, motors.

带电的电缆的周围会产生磁场并影响所在场所及邻近的电缆，从而产生感应电压。耦合程度与电流变化率成比例。干扰源可能是平行的电源线、带电的电缆、高频电缆、电抗器、变压器、电机。

● Electromagnetic coupling 电磁耦合

A cable can emit a signal as a radio wave. This wave is then picked up by another cable. Possible sources of interference are transmitters such as radios, sparks from spark plugs, welding equipment etc.

电缆工作时可能无线电波并被另一根电缆接收，造成干扰。干扰源可能是发射器，如收音机，火花塞的火花，焊接中的设备等。

● Static discharge 静电放电

Static discharge occurs where there are very high differences in potential between two points. If the two points are brought closer together or if the potential difference is increased, discharges can occur in the air gaps. Possible sources of interference are people who are statically charged from a synthetic carpet, for example.

静电荷会导致空间绝缘的两点之间存在电位差。如果这两点的距离被拉近，或电位差增大，可能导致两点的间隙被击穿，发生静电放电。干扰源可能是接触了诸如合成地毯从而积累了静电荷的人体。

3.2 MAKING THE INSTALLATION EMC-COMPLIANT 电磁兼容性安装

3.2.1 CONNECTING THE EARTH CABLES 接地连接线

The prescribed earth points are designed for your safety and to guarantee compliance with noise resistance requirements.

设备的接地点是专为安全和抗噪性要求设计的。

● The power supply (PSS PS) and module rack should be connected to the earth

conductor "PE". A cable cross section of 1.5 mm 2 should be used to connect the power supply, and a cable cross section of at least 2.5 mm 2 should be used to

NOTICE

Stronger HF transmitters should only be operated at a distance of more than 0.6 m.

高强度的高频发射设备应与设备保持超过0.6米以上的距离。

connect the module rack. Connections should be kept as short as possible.

应将电源模块（PSS PS）和模块机架的“PE”点连接到接地连接点的导体上。电源模块的接地线缆的横截面为1.5 mm2，模块机架的接地线缆的横截面为2.5 mm2。接地线尽可能短。

●Always connect the earth conductor "PE" to the central earth point in star form.

所有设备的“PE”与中性接地点导体之间采取星形连接。

●Connect together the 0 V connections on all the 24 V power supplies and earth the 0

V mains at a single point. The connection of the 0 V supply to the central earth bar or earth fault monitor must be in accordance with the relevant national regulations (such as EN 60204, VDE 0113, NFPA 79-1991:17-7, NEC: Article 250, for example).

将所有24 V电源的0 V线连接到一起后与接地极之间进行单点连接。0 V线与接地极或接地故障监视器的连接必须符合有关规定（如EN60204，VDE0113，NFPA79-1991:17-7，NEC：第250条）。

●Connections should be protected from corrosion.

应保护连接线路免受腐蚀。

●Flexible earthing straps should be used on moving earth parts (e.g. machine parts,

gates). Ensure these earthing straps are as short and wide as possible.

灵活的接地端子被作为可移动的接地零件（如机器零件，闸）。确保这些接地端子尽可能的短而宽。

3.2.2CABLING 电缆

It is possible to differentiate between cables according to their function.

可以根据功能使用不同的电缆。

The following groups exist:

存在下列不同的功能组：

●Group 1: Data and supply lines for DC voltages below 60 V and AC voltages below 25

Group 1：电源及数据线的电压在DC60V和AC25V及以下。

●Group 2: Data and supply lines for DC voltages from 60 V to 400 V and AC voltages

from 25 V to 400 V。

Group 2：电源及数据线的电压在DC60V—400V和AC25V—400V。

●Group 3: Supply lines above 400 V

Group 3：电源及数据线的电压在400V以上。

Cabling inside buildings:

电缆在建筑物内部的敷设：

●The cable groups listed above should be laid separately.

上面列出的电缆组应分开敷设。

●Cables of the same group can be laid within the same cable duct.

同一组电缆可敷设在同一电缆管道中。

●Lines from group 1 and group 2 should be laid in separate groups or in cable ducts

which are at least 10 cm apart.

第1组和第2组的线路应分开敷设或电缆管道其至少相距10厘米。

●Lines from group 1 and group 3 should be laid in separate groups or in cable ducts

which are at least 50 cm apart.

第1组和第3组的线路应分开敷设或电缆管道其至少相距50厘米。

●Data and signal lines should be laid as close as possible to an earthed surface.

数据线和信号线应敷设在尽可能靠近接地管道的表面处。

Cabling to open air systems:

电缆在空气中的敷设：

●As far as possible use metal conduits. These should be electrically connected and

earthed.

尽可能使用金属管。这些金属管应进行等电位连接并接地。

●Ensure there is sufficient protection against lightning by:

确保有下列充足的防雷击保护：

- Using metal conduits earthed at both ends, or concrete cable ducts with reinforcements connected across the joints.

金属导管的两端均接地，或者将接地跨接件与电缆管道连接起来。

3.2.3EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING 等电位联接

Potential differences can occur through potential connected couplings between the safety system and peripheral devices or cable shields, which are connected at either end and have different earth connections. In order to avoid interference, equipotential bonding cables must be installed. In doing so, you must ensure the following:

安全系统和外围设备或电缆屏蔽层可能存在潜在电位差，这是因为其两端各有不同接地连接。为了避免干扰，必须安装等电位联结线，此前必须确保以下几点：

●Select a low impedance equipotential bonding cable.

等电位联接线的阻抗足够低。

●If the safety system and peripheral devices are connected with screened signal

cables which are earthed at either end, the impedance is calculated as follows:

如果安全系统和外围设备相连接的屏蔽信号线的一端接地，阻抗的计算方法如下：Impedance equipotential bonding cable = 10% of screen impedance.

等电位联结线阻抗值=信号线阻抗值*10%

●Select the following as standard values for the cross section of the equipotential

bonding cable:

按以下标准选择等电位联结线的截面：

16 mm2 for equipotential bonding cables up to 200 m in length.

25 mm2 for equipotential bonding cables over 200 m in length.

电缆长度在200m以内：16 mm2

电缆长度超过200m：25 mm2

●Use copper or galvanised steel equipotential bonding cable.

使用铜质线或镀锌扁铁作为等电位联结线。

●Connect equipotential bonding cables to the earth conductor over as wide a surface

area as possible.

等电位联结线与接地导体连接处的接触面积尽可能大。

●As short a distance as possible should be kept between the equipotential bonding

cable and signal cable.

等电位联结线和信号线应保持在尽可能近的距离内。

3.2.4SCREENED CABLES 屏蔽线

Interference currents arising from electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic fields of interference must be diverted to cable screens via the earth bars connected to the enclosure. Please remember the following:

电、磁或电磁场的干扰所产生的干扰电流通过电线的屏蔽层及相连的极地装置泄掉。请记住以下几点：

●Connect the screens with low impedence to the earth conductor.

屏蔽层的接地阻抗尽可能小。

●Use cables with braided screening, with a minimum cover area of 80%.

电缆屏蔽层编织网的最小覆盖面积应达表面积的80％。

●For high frequency areas connect the screen at both ends.

高频场所的两端屏蔽层均应接地。

●For low frequency areas connect the screen at one end; this is also valid when

laying cables without equipotential bonding or using foil screens.

低频场所的屏蔽层单端接地：铺设电缆时没有进行等电位联结或屏蔽措施时也采用此方式。

●Use metal or metallised plugs to connect cables for serial data transfer.

使用金属或金属化的插头连接串行数据传输电缆。

●The screen must have no connection to the connector housing if it is not located at

the end of the cable.

不允许在电线中间位置将屏蔽层与外壳相连。

●At the point where the cable enters the cabinet, connect the screen to the earth bar,

without making a break in the cable. Use metal cable clamps which cover the screen over a wide surface area.

在电缆进入机柜处将屏蔽层与接地装置连接，连接时不要剪断屏蔽层，应使用专用的金属卡子连接，以确保接触面尽可能大。

Take the screen as far as the module, but do not lay it on top of the module。

屏蔽层应一直延伸到模块内，但不要一直到模块顶部位置。

3.2.5INSULATION VOLTAGE TEST 绝缘耐压试验

The modules PSS(1) PS 24V, PSS(1) AI, PSS(1) AI Ip, PSS(1) U5I 1 and PSS1 BMPS 3/1 / PSS1 BMPS 3/3 are connected to functional earth via protection elements on the supply voltage. Insulation voltage tests can only be carried out with voltages up to approximately 42 V.

模块PSS（1）PS、PSS24V（1）AI、PSS（1）AI IP、PSS（1）U5I1、PSS1 BMPS3/1和PSS1 BMPS3/3均通过与防止电源过压的保护元件进行功能性接地。绝缘耐压的测试电压约为42 V。

3.2.6SUPPRESSION OF INDUCTIVE LOADS 感性负载的过压抑制

Suppression should not be used to protect semiconductor outputs. Sup-pression will be

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[转] 英语中常见的123个中国成语写作就不用愁字数啦 1.爱屋及乌 Love me, love my dog. 2.百闻不如一见 Seeing is believing. 3.比上不足比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst. 4.笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start. 5.不眠之夜 white night 6.不以物喜不以己悲 not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses 7.不遗余力 spare no effort; go all out; do one's best 8.不打不成交 No discord, no concord. 9.拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul 10.辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new 11.大事化小小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all 12.大开眼界 open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener 13.国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace 14.过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little 15.功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits. 16.好了伤疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more 17.好事不出门恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad

经典中文英文翻译

经典中文的英译但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。 We wish each other a long life so as to share the beauty of this graceful moonlight, even though miles apart. 独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。 A lonely stranger in a strange land I am cast, I miss my family all the more on every festive day. 大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。 The endless river eastward flows; with its huge waves are gone all those gallant heroes of bygone years. 二人同心，其利断金。 If two people are of the same mind, their sharpness can cut through metal. 富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能曲，此之谓大丈夫。 It is a true great man whom no money and rank can confuse, no poverty and hardship can shake, and no power and force can suffocate. 海内存知己，天涯若比邻。 A bosom friend afar brings distance near.

合抱之木，生于毫末，九层之台，起于累土；千里之行始于足下。 A huge tree that fills one’s arms grows f rom a tiny seedling; a nine-storied tower rises from a heap of earth; a thousand li journey starts with the first step. 祸兮，福之所依；福兮，祸之所伏。 Misfortune, that is where happiness depends; happiness, that is where misfortune underlies. 见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。 On seeing a man of virtue, try to become his equal; on seeing a man without virtue, examine yourself not to have the same defects. 江山如此多娇，引无数英雄尽折腰。 This land so rich in beauty has made countless heroes bow in homage. 举头望明月，低头思故乡。 Raising my head, I see the moon so bright; withdrawing my eyes, my nostalgia comes around. 俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。 All are past and gone; we look to this age for truly great men.

英语翻译学习资料(含中英文解释)

例1.Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be, rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence and manipulating（操纵） others . They are aware that there is a difference between being loved and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask. 1.dedicate to 把时间，精力用于 2.pretence 虚伪，虚假 6 ．1 斤斤于字比句次，措辞生硬例2.Solitude is an excellent laboratory in which to observe the extent to which manners and habits are conditioned by others. My table manners are atrocious( 丑恶)—in this respect I've slipped back hundreds of years in fact, I have no manners whatsoever（完全，全然）. If I feel like it, I eat with my fingers, or out of a can, or standing up —in other words, whichever is easiest. 孤独是很好的实验室，正好适合观察一个人的举止和习惯在多大程度上受人制约。如今我吃东西的举止十分粗野；这方面一放松就倒退了几百年，实在是一点礼貌也没有。我高兴就用手抓来吃，（eat out of a can）开个罐头端着吃，站着吃；反正怎么省事就怎么吃。 3.Whatsoever 完全，全然 1.Be conditioned by 受……制约 2.Atrocious 丑恶 6 ．2 结构松散，表达过于口语化例3．有一次，在拥挤的车厢门口，我听见一位男乘客客客气气地问他前面的一位女乘客：“您下车吗？”女乘客没理他。“您下车吗？”他又问了一遍。女乘客还是没理他。他耐不住了，放大声问：“下车吗？”，那女乘客依然没反应。“你是聋子，还是哑巴？”他急了，捅了一下那女乘客，也引起了车厢里的人都往这里看。女乘客这时也急了，瞪起一双眼睛，回手给了男乘客一拳。（庄绎传，英汉翻译教程，1999 ：练习 3 ）译文1：Once at the crowded door of the bus, I heard a man passenger asked politely a woman passenger before him: “Are you getting off?” The woman made no

英文翻译成中文

第四部分翻译 Part Ⅰ英译汉练习： Unit 1 1.年轻时，他对学业漫不经心，加之他一直不愿考虑运动员以外的职业，到这时候，这一切终于给他带来了不幸。 2.护士们对不得不日复一日地参与欺骗病人的做法也许深恶痛绝，但要抵制却感到无能为力。 3.我不会在初版的《失乐园》上乱写乱画，就像我不会把一幅伦勃朗的原作连同一套蜡笔交给我的婴儿任意涂抹一样。 4.只有假设地球表面呈曲线状，这一现象才能得到解释。 5.鹿减少生存所需的能耗以增加越冬生存的机会，从生物学的角度看是合情合理的。 6.不论好坏，不论是何结果，美国人不仅会一概接受，还要去铲除那些反对者，尽管对于成千上万的人来说，这决定与自己的意愿背道而驰。 7.你可曾为了接电话在洗澡时从浴室冲出来，或是嚼着饭从饭桌旁站起来，或是昏昏沉沉的从床上爬起来，而结果却是有人打错了。 8.实际上，大把花钱的满足感大于商品本身带给他们的乐趣。 9.但是蓝色也可以表示伤感（我很伤感），白色常代表纯洁，尽管在中国，人们在婚礼上穿白的，在葬礼上穿黑的。 10. 晚上十点到十二点，美国处在权力真空状态——除了纽约广播公司总部和两家大的新闻机构之外，全国范围内就再没有别的信息中心。 Unit 2 1) 1800年英国与法国之间将爆发一场持续15后的大战。 2) 我相信，到1816年，英国将在滑铁卢村附近赢得一场伟大战役的胜利。 3) 然而，到1870年，对于英国来说，德国将成为一个比法国更具危险性的国家。 4) 在20世纪初，俄国、美国和日本将成为大国，而英国将不再是世界上最强大的国家了。 5) 反过来，农民的业绩大小取决于农业的组织形式，经济环境，市场结构这些与之息息相关的因素。 6) 他被接回来时，不停地跟人讲，一些可怕的怪物瞪着眼睛盯着他，把他带到了一个宇宙飞船上。 7) 烫伤大多数发生在老人和孩子身上，往往是由于浴室里水温太高而造成的。 8) 尽量多地了解可能发生的事情，这样你可以提前做好准备。 9) 市场的变化迫使很多网站关闭，而其它网站也仅是勉强维持。 10）因为在农民生产率低下的国家，需要劳动人口中大多数人种粮食，因此就没有多少人从事投资货物的生产或进行经济增长所必须的其它活动。 Unit 3 1. 在牛顿之前，亚里士多德已经发现物体的自然状态是静止的，除非有力作用于物体。所以运动着的物体会停下来。 2．人们在家中或是类似家的地方感觉最为亲密——和一个或几个亲近的人呆在一起——也就是在私人交谈的时候。 3．当一个人长时间在干道或高速公路上驾车行驶，就会存在两个问题：一是如何保持稳定的车速；二是如何确保他不撞上前面的车。 4．这个系统尤其适用于汽车拥挤的情况，因为电脑不仅能够控制车速，与前面车子的距离，还能够控制方向。

中文地址翻译成英文地址的方法和技巧

中文地址翻译成英文地址的方法和技巧中文地址的排列顺序是由大到小，如：Ｘ国Ｘ省Ｘ市Ｘ区Ｘ路Ｘ号，而英文地址则刚好相反，是由小到大。如上例写成英文就是：Ｘ号，Ｘ路，Ｘ区，Ｘ市，Ｘ省，Ｘ国。 1.各部分写法 ●Ｘ室：Room Ｘ ●Ｘ号：No. X ●Ｘ单元：Unit Ｘ ●X楼/层：X/F ●Ｘ号楼：Building No. Ｘ ●住宅区/小区：ResidentialQuater ●Ｘ街：ＸStreet ●Ｘ路：ＸRoad East/Central/West东路/ 中路/ 西路芙蓉西二路/ West 2nd Furong Road Central Dalian Rd. /大连中路芙蓉中路的“中”可以用Central，也有用Middle的，一般用Mid比较简洁。 ●Ｘ区：ＸDistrict ●Ｘ镇：ＸTown ●Ｘ县：ＸCounty ●Ｘ市：ＸCity ●Ｘ省：ＸProvince ●国家（State）中华人民共和国：The People’s Republic of China、P.R.China、P.R.C.、 China ●X信箱：M ailbox X 请注意：翻译人名、路名、街道名等，最好用拼音。各地址单元间要加逗号隔开。

2.英文通信地址常用翻译 201室/房Room 201 二单元Unit 2 马塘村MatangVallage 一号楼/栋Building 1 华为科技公司Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

xx公司xx Corp. / xx Co., Ltd. 宿舍Dormitory 厂Factory 楼/层Floor 酒楼/酒店Hotel 住宅区/小区Residential Quater 县County 甲/乙/丙/丁A/B/C/D 镇Town 巷/弄Lane 市City 路Road（也简写作Rd.，注意后面的点不能省略）一环路1st Ring Road 省Province(也简写作Prov.）花园Garden 院Yard 街Street/Avenue 大学College/University 信箱Mailbox 区District A座Suite A 广场Square 州State 大厦/写字楼Tower/Center/Plaza 胡同Alley（北京地名中的条即是胡同的意思）中国部分行政区划对照自治区Autonomous Region 直辖市Municipality 特别行政区Special Administration Region 简称SAR 自治州Autonomous Prefecture

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