牛津译林版九年级英语上册9A unit4 Growing up 单元知识点汇总

牛津译林版九年级英语上册9A unit4 Growing up 单元知识点汇总

Comic strip and welcome to the unit

重点单词清单

1.time /n.时期，时代

典例：The movie is set during the time of the Russian revolution.这部电影以俄国革命时期为背景。

注意:time作“时期，时代”讲时,经常用其复数形式。

ancient times古代

people in different times and places不同时代和不同地方的人

拓展:time n.时间;次数

2 whenever /连conj. 无论何时

助记when( adv.什么时候) +ever( adv.曾经)=whenever

典例You can go there whenever you want.无论你什么时候想去那里都可以。

注意whenever相当于no matter when。

拓展whenever adv.究竟什么时候

Whenever will you tell us the truth? 你到底什么时候告诉我们真相?

3.through /介prep.以，凭借

典例:She got her first job through an employment agency.她通过职业介绍所找到了她的第份工作。

拓展：through prep.穿过

The sun shone through the window.太阳透过窗户照进来。

4.deal /名n.很多

典例In addition to leaves, these animals eat a great deal of fruit.除了树叶之外，这些动物还吃大量的水果。

短语: a great deal (of)大量,许多

注意:a great deal of后接不可数名词。

考点深度解读

1.Growing is hard! 长大真艰难啊!

考点1动名词短语作主语◆常考

growing up是动名词短语,在句中作主语。动名词或动名词短语在句中作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

★Walking after supper is good for your health.晚饭后散步对你的健康有益。

动名词还可在句中作表语、宾语或定语。

★His hobby is collecting stamps. (作表语)他的爱好是集邮。

★I like playing the guitar.(作宾语)我喜欢弹吉他。

★This is a swimming pool.(作定语)这是一.个游泳池。

2.What's up?怎么了?

考点2What's up?怎么了? /出什么事了? 运用“What's up?"是口语中常用的一.个句式,用来询问对方“怎么了?/出什么事了?”相当于“What's wrong/ the matter your trouble?"要表示“某人或某物怎么了”，可在句末加with sb/sth.

★What's up with those two boys?那两个男孩怎么了?

③You've been happy since I first met you.自从我第一次见到你,你一直都很快乐。

考点3since从.....以......以后◆常考

since作连词，意为“ 自.....以来，从..以后”，从句用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。

★Where have you been since last saw you?自从上次见到你以后，你到哪里去了?

[易混辨析]since与for

Since 后接点时间，表示“自从以--以后

For 后接时间段表示“已经多长时间了”

★Mr Smith has been in China since five years ago. 史密斯先生自从五年前就已经在中国了。★She has been waiting for the manager for about two hours.她已经等了这个经理大约两个小时了。

4 .Don't wake me u until you finish building it.直到你建成它,再叫醒我。

考点4 wake sb up 把某人叫醒◆常考

wake sb up意为把某人叫醒”,sb需用人称代词的宾格形式。

★The alarm clock wakes me up at 6:30 every morning.每天早上六点半闹钟把我叫醒。

知识拓展

wake up意为“醒来”。wake 的过去式为woke。

★I woke up very early yesterday.昨天，我醒得很早。

考点5 not..until...直到....才.... , ◆常考

not..until..意为“直到.......”表示主句的动作直到until所表示的时间才开始。

★They didn't go to bed until they finished their homework.直到完成家庭作业，他们才上床睡觉。★I won't leave until you come back.直到你回来，我才会离开。

知识拓展

until作连词，意为“直到...为止”。until 用于肯定句时,表示主句的动作-直持续到until所表示的时间为止，主句中的动词必须是持续性动词。

★He kept on asking questions until the bell rang.他一直问问题，直到铃响。

5.I like to learn about the world through the Internet.我喜欢通过因特网了解世界。

考点6 through 以，凭借◆常考

through作介词，意为“以，凭借”，后跟表示手段或方法的名词或短语。

★I learnt about the position through a newspaper advertisement.我是从报纸广告上得知此职位的。

★These plants absorb water through their roots.这些植物通过它们的根部吸收水分。

知识拓展

through作介词，还有“穿过,通过”的意思，表示动作是在某物体的空间内部进行的。★When we were walking through the forest, a monkey suddenly appeared in front of us.当我们步行穿过森林时，只猴子突然出现在我们面前。

6.As soon as you click the mouse, there's a great deal of information.你一点击鼠标，就会有大量的信息。

考点7 as soon as ......... ◆常考

as soon as意为“...... ....”,常用来引导时间状语从句,强调两个动作几乎同时发生。若主句用一般将来时，从句多用般现在时。

★1 will tell him the news as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就告诉他这个消息。

考点8 a great deal of大量，许多

A great deal of意为“大量，许多”，后跟不可数名词。

★It could save a great deal of time to travel by air.乘飞机旅行可以节省许多时间。

[易混辨析]a great deal of. plenty of, a lot of，a number of与a great many

★We have plenty of time to finish the work.我们有许多时间完成这项工作。

★I can't hang out because I have a lot of housework闲逛因为我有许多家务要做。

★A number of students in our class are from Shanghai我们班有很多学生来自上海。

★He had a great many fiends here. 他在这里有很多朋友。

Reading

重点单词清单

1.score /动V.得分

典例：Our team scored five points. 我们队得了五分。

拓展：score n.分数，成绩

Mr Wang, could you tell me where I can find out the exam scores?王老师,你能告诉我在哪里能查出考试成绩吗?

2.leader /名n.领导者

助记lead( v. 领导)+-er(名词后缀)= leader

典例：As a leader, she works well with everyone.作为一一个领导，她和每个人都合作得很好。

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a015977951.html, /动v. 命名

典例：You can name your pet dog.你可以给你的宠物狗起名字。拓展name n.名字

4. university /名n.大学

助记u/ ju:/+/ni/ni + ver/'v3:/ +si/sa/+ty/ti/=university [音标记忆法]

典例go to university上大学

Is there a university in this city?这座城市有大学吗?

注意:表示“上大学,读大学”时，university前通常不加冠词。

5.simply /副adv.仅仅;简直

典例: You can enjoy all the water sports, or simply lie on the beach. 你可以享受所有的水上运动，或仅仅躺在沙滩上。

The meal was simply delicious. 这顿饭简直太好吃了!

联想simple adj.简单的

6. national /形adj.国家的

典例:We saw our national flag flying.我们看到了我们的国旗在飘扬。

联想：nation n.国家，民族

7 succeed /动v. 成功

典例I'm sure you'll succeed if you work hard. 如果你努力工作,我确信你将会成功。

短语: succeed in doing sth成功地做某事

联想success n.成功successful adj.成功的+successfully adv.成功地

⑧although /连conj.尽管，虽然

典例:I don't mind seeing it again although I have seen it twice.虽然我已经看了它两遍了，但我不介意再看一-遍。

注意although though引导让步状语从旬，不能与but连用，但可以和副词yet或still连用。

9 force /动v. 强迫，迫使

典例: Nobody can force me to do anything.没有人可以强迫我做任何事。

短语force sb to do sth强迫某人做某事

拓展force n.力;力量

the force of... ....的力量

10 remain /动V.逗留;保持不变

典例:My father told me to remain in the car.我爸爸让我留在车里。

The two men remained silent. 这两个人保持沉默。

联想:leave .留下;留给;落在

11.achievement /名n.成就,成绩

助记:achieve(v.达到完成) +-ment(名词后缀)=achievement [词缀记忆法]

典例scientific achievement科学成就

Don't be proud of the present achievement.不要对现在的成就感到骄傲。

12 prove /动v.证明

典例:He has proved his courage in the battle. 他已在战争中证明了他的勇气。

联想improve D.改善

13 matter /动v.要紧,有重大影响

典例: Will it matter if I'm a little late?我晚来一会儿不要紧吧?

It doesn't matter to me what you do. 你做什么我都无所谓。

联想matter n.事情;问题

考点详解

1.He was very small- -much smaller than the other kids at school.他很矮一比学校里的其他孩子矮得多。

考点1 much修饰比较级的用法重要个much作程度副词，用在形容词或副词的比较级前，意为...得.多”，用来加强语气。

★The actress is already 50, but she looks much younger.那位女演员已经50岁了,但她看上去年

轻多了。

★After practising for several months,I can swim much faster now.儿个月的练习之后，我现在游得快多了。

知识拓展

能修饰形容词或副词的比较级的词(词组)还有:even, far, a lot, a little 等。

★She drives far more carefully than her husband.她开车比她丈夫小心得多。

2. While attending junior high, Spud tried out for the school team, but he was refused at first because he was too small.上初习中的时候，斯巴德参加了校队的选拔，但起初因为他个子太矮而被拒绝(参加)。

[句型分析]while在此处作连词，引导时间状语从句。当while引导时间状语从句。当while 引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语致，并且谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时,时间状语从句中的主语及be动词可同时省略。此处省略了he was。

考点2 refuse 拒绝◆常考

refuse 作动词，意为“拒绝”，后面接名词或者动词不定式作宾语。Be refused to do sth意为“被拒绝做某事”。

★He refused to change his mind.他拒绝改变主意。

注意refuse后不能接动名词或宾语从句。

3.He did not lose heart.他没有灰心。

考点3 lose heart泄气，灰心◆必记

lose heart是固定短语,意为“泄气,灰心”。

★If we don't lose heart, we'll succeed.如果我们不灰心,我们就会成功。

知识拓展

lose face丢面子:丢脸lose interest .....失去兴趣lose one's job失业

lose one's life 失去生命lose one's way迷路lose one's heart (to sb)爱上(某人)

4 In senior high, Spud often had to sit in the stands because of his height.在高中时，斯巴德因为他的身高(问题),他不得不经常坐在看台上。

考点4 because of因为;由于◆常考

because of是介词短语，意为“因为;由于”,后面接名词(性短语)、代词或动名词。

★Because of the bad weather, we had to stay at home.因为糟糕的天气，我们不得不待在家里。★The boy didn't do his homework because of skating.这个男孩因为滑冰，没有做他的家庭作业。[易混辨析]because与because of

Because 连词后接原因状语从句

Because of介词短语后接名词、名词性短语、代词或动名词

★Because it rained, we didn't go for a picnic last weekend.=Because of the rain, we didn't go for a picnic last weekend.因为下雨，我们上周末没有去野餐。

5.However, no university would invite him to play basketball simply because he was only 170

cm tall.然而，没有一-所大学想邀请他去打篮球，仅仅因为他身高只有170厘米。

考点5invite邀请◆常考

invite作动词，意为“邀请”，常用结构:invite sb to do sth意为“邀请某人做某事”，invite sb to...意为“邀请某人....”invite 的名词形式是invitation,意为“邀请;请柬”。

★Jim invites his friends to go to his home.吉姆邀请他的朋友们去他的家里。

★Judy gave me an invitation to her party.朱迪给了我一张她的聚会的请柬。

6. There he led his team to the national championship.在那里，他带领他的球队打进了国家锦标赛。

考点6 lead引导,带领,领导”重要led作动词，意为“引导带领，领导”后常接名词或代词作宾语。lead..o..意为“带领/领......

She led a blind man to the opposite side of the road.她引导一-位盲人到马路对面。

知识拓展

lead 还可作名调，意为“戏剧、电影中的)主角,领导者”，lead singer意为“主唱”,lead actor意为“主演”。

★He is the lead singer of the band.他是这支乐队的主唱。

★We need a confident leader to overcome the difficulties我们需要一个有信心的领导者来克服这些苦难。

7 As a result, he succeeded in getting a scholarship. 结果,他成功获得了奖学金。

考点7 as a result 因此;结果

As a result意为“因此;结果”,常作为插入语放在句首,而且用逗号与后面的句子隔开。

★He didn't study hard. As a result, he failed the exam.他没有努力学习。因此，他考试不及格。★Grandfather went to the town. As a result, we had to water the flowers.爷爷去镇里了。因此，我们不得不浇花。

考点8 succeed in doing sth成功地做某事,常考

succeed作动词，意为“成功”.常用短语succeed in doing sth意为“成功地做某事”

★We have already see in getting to the top of the mountain.我们已经成功地到达了山顶。

[易混辨析]success, succeed, successful 与successfully

★The play was a great success in this city.那场戏剧在这座城市获得了巨大的成功。

★We succeeded in solving the problem.我们成功地解决了这个问题。

★The actors' performance was very successful.演员们的演出非常成功。

★He finished the task successfully.他成功地完成了这项任务。

8.Although he was a great player at university, the NBA was not interested in him... 虽然他在大学里是一名很棒的球员,但NBA对他不感兴趣.....

考点9 alt hough 尽管,虽然沙常考although作连词，意为“尽管，虽然”,引导让步状语从句。★Although it was raining, we still went there.虽然下着雨,但我们还是去那儿了。

知识拓展

though用作连词，意为“尽管，虽然" ,可以和although互换,但although比though更正式。在as though, even though 等固定短语中,不能用although替换though。though 还可用作副词,常放在句末,意为“可是;不过”。

★He stood silently as though he knew nothing about it.他静静地站着，好像他对此事一无所知。★I have lots of friends here. I feel lonely, though.我在这里有很多朋友，可我还是感到孤单。

9 After he graduated, he was forced to play in another basketball league. 在他毕业后，他被迫在另-个篮球联盟打球。

考点10 force 强迫，迫使”重要

force作及物动词,表示“强迫，迫使。”force sb to do sth意为“迫使某人做某事”

★Don't force him to study all day.不要强迫他整天学习。

10 He remained there for about a year before the NBA took notice of him.在NBA注意到他之前，他在那里待了大约一年。

考点11 remain 逗留:保持不变中必记

remain作不及物动词，意为“逗留;保持不变”，强调保持某种状态,后接形容词、名词、介词短语、过去分词或动名词。

★This room remains cool all summer.这个房间整个夏天都很凉爽。

★A few pears remain on the trees. 树上还留有几个梨。

11.Through hard work, Spud Webb proved that size and body type does not matter- you can do almost anything if you never give up.通过努力,斯巴德●韦伯证明了身高和体型不重要一如果永不放弃,你几乎可以做到任何事。

考点12 matter 要紧，有重大影响”必记matter作不及物动词，意为“要紧，有重大影响”,主要用于疑问句或否定句中。它还常用于交际用语“It doesn’t matter”中，用来回答别人的道歉。

★What does it mater if1 spend 100 yuan on it?如果我花100元钱在这个东西上,这有什么关系? ★- -I'm so for being late.很抱歉我迟到了。----It doesn't matter.不要紧/没关系。

知识拓展

matter还可作名词，意为“事情;问题”等。在表示健康状况或情绪时，意为“麻烦:毛病”,其前要加定冠词he,

★- What's the matter with her?她怎么了?

She has a bad cold.她患了重感冒。

Grammar

重点单词清单

1. career /名n. 生涯,，职业

典例:His early career was not a great success.早期的生涯并不是很成功。

His care took off in 1997. 1997年他的职业开始有了起色。

联想job n.工作

2.against /介prep.对抗与....相反;违反

典例>We are for peace and against war.我们拥护和平，反对战争。

★短语> be against 反对

against one's will违背某人的意愿

反义: for prep.支持、

考点详解

1. He got his first basketball when he was only four years old ，but he did not become serious about basketball till/ until he was1

2.当他只有4岁的时候，他得到了他的第--个篮球,但直到他12岁时,他才认真对待篮球。

考点1 become serious about认真对待'.... 必记

become/be serious about意为“认真对待”,about为介词,后接名同、代词或动名词作宾语。★We should become/ be serious about the problem.我们应该认真对待这个问题。

2.The best moment in his career was in 2004 -he scored 41points in a game against the

Atlanta Hawks.他职业生涯中最光辉的时刻是在20年一在对阵亚特兰大鹰队的一场比赛中，他得了41分。

考点2 against对抗;与...相反;违反

against作介词，意为“对抗;与...相反;违反”,其后接名词、代词或动名词。against 的反义词是for(支持)。

★On weekends, we often play against other teams.在周末的时候，我们经常与其他队打比赛。★Are you for or against the plan?你赞成还是反对这个计划?

知识拓展

against作介词,还可用来表示位置,意为“倚;紧靠;撞"。

★The rain beat against the windows. 雨点拍打着窗户。

★The teacher's desk is against the wall.老师的办公桌靠墙放着。

3 He took part in the Olympics in 200

4 and in 2008 as one of the Chinese athletes. 作为中国运动员之一他参加了2004年和2008年的奥运会。

考点3 take part in参加

take part in是固定词组，意为“参加”,part前一般当part前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。★We'll take part in social practice during the sum暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。

★He takes an active part in school activities.他积极参加学校的活动。

[易混辨析]t ake part in, join与join in

★When did Henry join the army?亨利什么时候参军的?

★Come along, and join in the ball一起来参加球赛。

语法详解

一、before, after, when和while引导的时间状语从句

时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当时间状语的句子。我们可以用before, after, when和while 引导时间状语从句，这些词既可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。

before意为“在...之前”,表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。

★He had hung up the phone before I could answer.没等我接电话，他就挂了(电话)。

1.after意为“....之后”,表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。

★The sun came out after the rain storm stopped.暴风雨停止后，太阳出来了。

when意为“当....的时候”，表示主句动作发生在特定的时间。

★When the weather is good, my grandpa likes going fishing.当天气好的时候，我爷爷喜欢去钓鱼。

4.while意为“...时”，强调主句动作和从句动作是同时发生的。while还可表示“在....期间”，

表示主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程中。

★While my sister was sweeping the floor, I was washing clothes.当我姐姐扫地时，我在洗衣服。★While the boys were playing football, it rained. 当男孩们踢足球时，下雨了。

[注意]

①当主句和从句的主语一致，并且从句中有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。

②while引导的从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。

★While (I am) travelling, I like to take some photos.当我旅行的时候，我喜欢拍一些照片。

二、since, till 和until引导的时间状语从句

1. since意为“自从.....以来”一般情况下，从句用一般过去时，而主句用现在完成时。

★They have been good friends since they were at primary school. 他们从小学起就一直是好朋友。

★Mr Brown has been in Beijing since he retired.自从布朗先生退休以来,他就一直在北京。

2. till 和until意为“直到....止”"，一般情况下两者可以互换,但till不如until正式。

★I worked ill until he came back.我一直工作到他回来为止。

[注意)如果主句中的谓语动词是短督性动词。该动词一般用否定形式:如果主向中的谓语动调是延续性动词，则一般用肯定形式。

★1 did not go to bed until I fished my homework.直到做完家庭作业我才上床睡觉。

★Walk till/until you see a white house.一直走直到你看到一幢白色的房子为止。

三、as soon as和whenever引导的时间状语从句

1.as soon as引导时间状语从句，意为“.....就"。

★As soon as I arrive in Canada, I will call you.我.到加拿大，就会给你打电话。

★We began to work as soon as we got there.我们一到那里就开始工作。

2. whenever引导时间状语从句，意为“无论何时;每当"，相当于no matter when或every time。★Whenever he met us, he smiled at us.无论何时他遇见我们，他都向我们微笑。

★Judy likes listening to music whenever she has time.每当朱迪有时间的时候，她喜欢听音乐。

Integrated skills

重点单词清单

1. record /名n.记录

例句：Keep a record of your expenses.记下你的各项开支。

拓展：record v.记录

In his diary he recorded everything that he did.他在日记里记录下他所做的一-切事情。

2. symbol /名n. 象征

典例:The letter “V”is a symbol of victory. 字母“V” 是胜利的象征。

短语:a symbol of... ...的象征

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