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情态动词和非谓语动词

中考总复习六：情态动词和非谓语动词讲解与训练

【考点直击】

1. 情态动词can, could, may, must, need等的用法和意义；

2. 情态动词表推测，判断的用法；

3. 动词不定式的用法。可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语等；还可和疑问词

连用充当句子成分。

4. 动名词的用法。

5. 分词（现在分词，过去分词）用法。

一情态动词

一情态动词的用法

1. can 用法

1）表示能力，与be able to同义

但can只用于现在时和过去时，be able to可用于各种时态。

Two eyes can see more than one.

注：Can you … ? Yes, I can / No,I can’t.

2). 表示允许、请求

用could比can 语气更加委婉客气，常用于could I /you …..?句型中，若表示同意时，用can回答而不用could .

Could I borrow the book ? No, you can’t .

3). 表示推测“可能”常用于否定句或疑问句中。（can’t表示一定不是）

It can’t be true .Can it be true ?

2.could的用法

1).是can的过去时，表过去的能力。

Lucy could swim at the age of five.

2).could也可表示较can更为委婉的语气

Could you help me？

3).还可以表示猜测，“很可能”

—Whose French book is this?

—This could be Alice’s. She studies French.

3. may 用法

1）表允许，请求= can

表示许可或征求对方的许可，常于第一人称连用。

注：May I ….? Yes ,you may No, you can’t / mustn’t .

在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，

如Yes, please. / Certainly.2）表推测，可能、也许。常用于肯定句中。

Maybe he knows the news .=He _____ _____ the news.

4.might 是may的过去式，表猜测，可能性比could小。

—Whose guitar is this?

—It might belong to Alice. She plays the guitar.

5.should 意为“应该”。

You should go to see the doctor.

6. must

1）表示义务。意为“必须”（主观意志）。

We must do everything step by step.

注：Must I ….? Yes, you must / No,you needn’t(don’t have to ).

--Must we hand in our exercise—books now?

--No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.

2）mustn’t 表禁止、不允许。

You mustn’t talk to her like that.

3）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。否定、疑

问句中must改为can .

He must be ill. He looks so pale.

She’s wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money.

注：must表推测时，其反义疑问句与must后面的动词一致。

There must be something wrong ,____ ____?

7.need的用法

need既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，主要否

定句或疑问句中。用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式。

1).用作情态动词，用于否定句和疑问句中。

a).Need I ….? Yes , you must / No, you needn’t .

Need we finish the work today ? Yes you ____.

A.need

B.can

C.may

D.must

b).need + do sth .

变否定句：needn’t do sth

变疑问句：Need sb do sth ?

2).用作实义动词

a).need + to do sth . We need _______(buy) some school things .

变否定句：don’t /doesn’t /didn’t +need to do sth .

变疑问句：Do / Does /Did sb + need to sth ?

Yes , … do/ does / did No, sb don’t / doesn’t /didn’t .

You don’t need to do it yourself.

b).当主语是物时。Sth + need + doing sth = Sth +need to be done .

The table needs painting . = The table needs _____ _____ _____ .

8.had better 的用法

1). had better + 动词原形 = It’s best to do sth .

You had better ______ (stay )at home .

= _____ ______ ______ stay at home .

2). Had better not +动词原形

We had better ________(not play ) the computer games .

9.must 与have to

1).一般情况下，两者可互换。 must = have to

2).must “必须，应该”表示说话人的主观看法，即说话人认为必须干某

事。（内在原因）

have to “必须，不得不”强调客观需要，即外界因素迫使某人不得不

干某事。（外界原因）

I can’t stop playing the computer games . For your health ,I’m

afraid you ______.

A.can

B.may

C.must

D.had to

二．情态动词后跟完成式和进行式的用法

1.情态动词后跟完成式，表“原本应该干某事，而实际上没干”

I should have finished the work earlier.

He isn’t here. He must have missed the train.

2. 情态动词后跟进行式，表示“想必正在……”，“可能正在……”，“应

当正在”等意。

It’s twelve o’clock. They must be having lunch.

They may be discussing this problem.

He can’t be telling the truth.

She shouldn’t be working like that. She’s still so weak.

三．情态动词的同义转换.

1.can = be able to

2.must = have to

3.needn’t = don’t have to

4.need do sth = need to do sth .

二非谓语动词

包括动词不定式，V-ing，和过去分词。

一、动词不定式

在句中除不能充当谓语外，其他成分都可充当。如宾语，表语，主语等。

1.动词不定式作宾语。

1) 在动词want , hope, would, like, decide, wish,

choose, try , need等后常用动词不定式作宾语。

I hope ______(hear)from you soon .

2) think/find /feel /make it + adj + to do sth

He found it difficult _______(get) to sleep.

3) stop to do sth / stop doing sth

stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事。After working for a long time , He has to stop _______(have ) a rest .

He was very tired , so he had to stop ______(work).

2.动词不定式作宾语补。

1).带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：

ask / like /would like /teach /tell /want /help +sb +to do sth

Please ask him _________(come) quickly.

2).省掉to的不定式作宾补的动词有：

let /make /have / hear /see /notice /feel/watch+sb +do sth

注：省掉to的不定式的句子变被动语态时，需要还原to .

He made the baby _______(stop) crying .

The baby was made ______ _____ crying.

3.动词不定式作主语三个考点

1).动词不定式作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

To learn English well _______ not easy.

2).常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放在句子后面。

To do sth +谓语动词+adj /n =It +谓语动词+adj / n + to do sth

To get an injection is a little painful .

_____ a little painful ____ ____ an injection

3).动词不定式常考结构句型:

想要做某事__________________ 想要（某人）做某事________________ 帮助某人做某事________________ 需要做某事____________________

计划做某事___________________ 决定做某事 ____________________

尽力做某事___________________ 希望做某事_____________________

忘记做某事___________________ 记得做某事_____________________

要求某人做某事__________________ 告诉某人做某事_______________ It + be + 名词 + to do sth.

It takes sb. + some time + to do sth.

It + be + 形容词 + for sb + to do sth.

It + be + 形容词 + of sb + to do sth.

It + seems(appears) + 形容词 + to do sth.

4.动词不定式作定语

动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后

名词或代词+to do(介词)

注：若构成的不定式的动词为不及物动词时，其后加上相应的介词，但不定式若修饰 ______ ______ _______ 词时，介词可以省略。

I want a pen to write ______.

I want a piece of paper to write ______.

He has no place to live.

5.动词不定式与疑问词连用

疑问词+ to do sth

注：在宾语从句中，若主从句的主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+to do sth”.

Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital ?

Can you tell me _____ ____ ____ the hospital.

6.动词不定式作状语

1).动词不定式可作目的状语

在come / go / leave 后面接动词不定式作目的状语。

He came here ______(get)his book.

2).动词不定式可作原因状语

表语形容词（sorry/sad/happy/ glad /afraid/ pleased）后与动词不定式连用作原因状语

He was glad ________(see) his wife.

3).动词不定式可作结果状语

在too…to …, not …enough to …句型中的动词不定式作结果状语。

He was too tired _______(walk) on .

7.动词不定式作表语

be + to do sth

注：动词不定式作表语可以和主语的位置互换，且常表将来。

Her wish is _______(become) a doctor .

_____ _____ is her wish .8.动词不定式的否定形式

在动词不定式的前面加not .

He told me _______(not stay) here .

9.动词不定式符号的省略和保留情况。

1).动词不定式符号的省略情况

若两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，第一个不定式符号不能省略，其余的省掉to .但两者有对比关系时，to都不能省略。

Edison’s mother taught him to write and ________(read).

I haven’t decided to go home or _________(go) to the cinema.

2).省掉不定式而保留动词不定式符号to的情况。

Will you take a walk with me ? I’m glad to .

---Would you like to join my birthday party ?

---I would love to .

二、V-ing形式

包括动名词和现在分词，具有名词，代词，形容词，副词的特性，

1、动名词

1).动名词相当于一个名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Reading in bed ______(be) bad for your eyes.

2).有些动词或动词短语后面，只能接动名词作宾语。

完成实践值得忙（__________, __________, _________, _________）继续习惯别放弃（_________, __________, __________）

考虑建议不禁想（_________, __________, __________, __________）喜欢思念要介意（_________, __________, __________）

常考句式：

see sb. doing sth. hear sb. doing sth. watch sb. doing sth.

notice sb. doing sth. find sb. doing sth. spend time doing sth.

have difficulty doing sth. have fun doing sth.

How about/What about doing…?

有些些动词后用V-ing与动词不定式意义大不相同，这也是历年中考经常考查的内容。

1.停止做某事________________ 停下来去做某事________________

2.忘记/记得曾经做过某事_______________________

忘记/记得去做某事______________________

3.继续做某事_____________________

做完一件事，接着做另一件____________________

4.试着做某事__________________ 尽力做某事____________________

三、现在分词

1.现在分词常放在see, hear ,watch ,notice 等之后作宾补。

I saw the boy______(play)in the street just now .

2.现在分词作定语常放在被修饰词之前，现在分词短语要放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。

A sleeping baby = a baby who _____________ .

Did you know the man talking to Mr Li? =

Did you know the man who ____________to Mr Li?

3.现在分词表伴随情况

He came into the classroom ,__________(carry)a book.

四、过去分词

1.作宾补这类动词有see, hear, notice, keep, find, get, have

have /get +sth +done 表示请别人干某事

I had my TV repaired last night .

2.作定语

单一的过去分词作定语，要放在被修饰词的前面，过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。

Have you ever read any books written by Luxun?

Have you ever read any books _____ _____ written by Luxun?

3.作表语过去分词作表语已经形容词化

My cup is broken .

中考演练

一单项选择

( )1. Everyone _____ go through the security check (安检) when entering the World Expo Park.

A can B. may C. must D. could

( )2. --- Must I clean the room now?

--- No, you _______. You can do it tomorrow.

A mustn’t B. must C. needn’t D. need

( )3. --- Look at that girl! Is it Susan?

--- No, it _______ be her. She has gone back to her hometown.

A mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. wouldn’t

( )4. --- This desk is too heavy. I _______ move it. Could you help me?

--- No problem.

A can B. can’t C. should D. shouldn’t

( )5. --- What will the weather be like tomorrow?

--- It _______ be rainy, cloudy, or sunny. Who knows.

A must B. might C. should D. shouldn’t

( )6. --- Must I _______ my camera, Lily?

--- No you ________. Don’t worry. I’ll take one myself.

A to take; mustn’t B. take; needn’t

C. to bring; needn’t

D. bring; mustn’t

( )7. --- Whose exam papers is it?

--- It _______ be Li Lei’s, He always forgets to write his name on it.

A can’t B. must C. shouldn’t D. may

( )8. --- What should we do first if we want to develop our village?

--- A lot of roads _______ , I think.

A must build B. have to build C. must be built D. have built

( )9. The yellow coat _______ be Linda’s, because nobody likes yellow

except her.

A can’t B. can C. mustn’t D. must

( )10. --- Shall I tell John about it?

--- No, you _______. I told him just now.

A needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t

( )11. --- Will you answer the telephone? It _______ be your mother.

--- Sorry. I ________. I’m very busy.

A can; mustn’t B. will; can’t C. may; can’t D. need;

will

( )12. --- You _______ play football in the street. It’s dangerous.

--- OK. I won’t.

A can B. must C. may not D. mustn’t

( )13. Mr. White is of great help, so you _______ let him go.

A had not better B. had better don’t

C. had better not

D. had no better

( )14. --- ________ the exam paper be handed in right now?

--- No it doesn’t have to. You may hand it in before 11:30.

A Can B. Must C. Should D. May

( )15. --- _______ I use your mobile phone?

--- Certainly. Here you are.

A May B. Must C. Should D. Need

( )16. Danny did all kinds of things to make the baby________.

A to stop cry B. stop crying C. to stop to cry D. stop to cry

( )17. We have two rooms _______, but I can’t decide ________.

A to live; to choose which one B. lived; choose which one

C. to live in; which one to choose

D. live; which one

( )16. --- How would your family like to travel??

--- It’s a problem in my family. Mother prefers to take a bus to travel,

while father always sticks _______ to travel.

A to drive B. to driving C. driving D. drive

( )17. At least 300 million people are using QQ _______ by MaHuateng to

chat on line.

A create B. creates C. creating D. created

( )18. --- What are on show in the museum?

--- Some photos _______ by the children of Yushu,Qinghai.

A have been taken B. were taken C. are taken D. taken

( )19. --- Are you going to the party _______ at Smith’s home this evening?

--- I will if I am free .

A holding B. held C. to hold D. to be hold

( )20. If people _____ cutting down the forest, they will have nowhere _____

A keep; to live in B. will keep; to live in

C. keep; to live

D. will keep; to live

( )21. His parents often encourage him _____ hard.

A work B. working C. to work D. works

( )22. --- What about playing football this afternoon, Sam?

--- I would rather ______ at home than ______ football.

A stay; playing B. stay; play

C. to stay; to play

D. to stay; playing

( )23. It’s important _______ the piano well.

A of him to play B. for him to play

C. of him playing

D. for him playing

( )24. --- Have you seen the TV play my ugly mother?

--- Yes, it’s well worth _____. It’s ____ moving that I’ve seen it twice.

A seeing; too B. to see; enough C. seeing; so D. to see; such

( )25. Don’t make me _______ this or that. I’m too busy.

A to do B. do C. doing D. done

( )26. It took Li Ming an hour _______ his bike yesterday.

A to repair B. repairing C. repaired D. repair

二用所给词的适当形式填空

1. Jenny saw a wallet _________ (lie) on the ground.

2. The heavy snow stopped them from ________ (go) out for ask a skate the

day before yesterday.

3. Keep ________ (try). You’re sure to get a good result.

4. He found it hard _________ (catch) up with his class, because all his classes

worked very hard.

5. Look! How heavy the rain is! You’d better _________ (not leave) until it

stops.

(完整版)非谓语动词和独立主格

非谓语动词非谓语动词： 1.动词不定式【to+动词原型】 2.动名词【动词+ing】 3.（现在、过去）分词四个要点： 1.一个句子中有多个动词时，其中一个是谓语，其他全部是非谓语。 2.主动ing，被动ed，要做去做todo 3.如果非谓语是主语做的，前面什么都不用加；如果非谓语不是主语做的，谁做的，加谁。 4.非谓语就是从句的简化。举例： Jack唱着歌回家。 Singing a song，Jack went home Jack受伤了回家。 Injured，Jack went home Rose受伤了，Jack哭了。 Rose injured，Jack cried Rose笑了，Jack笑了。 Rose smiling，Jack smiled. 独立主格结构独立主格结构就是给非谓语动词加上逻辑主语独立主格结构基本构成形式：名词(代词)+现在分词；过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语）独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。在句中作状语，相当于一个状语从句。需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。这里分形式具体举例，以便熟悉知识点。 1.名词(代词)+现在分词 Time permitting, I will go with you 时间允许的话，我就和你一起走。 2.名词(代词)+过去分词 The work done, he went back home. 工作完成后，他回家了。 3.名词(代词)+不定式在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上

情态动词表推测用法总结(整理稿)

情态动词表推测用法总结（一）情态动词表推测能用于表推测的情态动词：英语情态动词表推测的时态构成（1）语气部分：（以下情态动词语气由强至弱）肯定句：must、may、might（=could）否定句：can’t（=couldn’t）、mayn’t、mightn’t 疑问句：can、could（语气更加委婉不确定）（2）时态部分：一般现在或一般将来时间的推测：情态动词+be；情态动词+v. 对过去时间的推测：情态动词+have done 对正在进行的时态的推测：情态动词+be doing （二）表许可、请求 1、 can, could 2、may, might 3、must 4、shall 5、will, would 1. can, could 1) 用在疑问句中，表示一般的请求。两者不同在于：用could 要比用can更加委婉，特别是没有把握得到允许时。 Can I go with you? 我能和你一起去吗？Could I ask you something? 我能问你一个问题吗？ 2) 用在陈述句中，表示许可：You can leave when you finish your work. 做完事情后你才可以走。 2. may, might 1) may用在疑问句中，也表示一般的请求。同can相比，may比较正式，常常表示尊敬之意。并且，may在疑问句中常用于第一人称，很少有May you…/they…这样的句型。Might比较少用在疑问句中，它表示请求的时候常用陈述句。 May I make a suggestion? 我可以提个建议？ 2) 用在陈述句中，表示许可，此时与can, could相近。 You may have a rest before we set out again. 我们再次出发之前你可以先休息一下。 3. must 1) 表示说话人“不许”和“禁止”某人做某事，有很强的劝告语气。 Cars must not be parked here.此地不准停车。 2) Must的一般疑问句的回答有两种，表示肯定，用Yes, you must. 表示否定，用No, you needn’t. Must I post this letter tomorrow? 我明天必须得寄掉这封信吗？ Yes, you must. 是的，你必须明天寄掉。

谓语动词和非谓语动词及各种句型的判断

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非谓语动词独立主格结构

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情态动词表推测用法总结及专项练习

情态动词表推测用法总结及专项练习 1.can / could用于表推测的用法 (1) 从使用句型上看，can 通常只用于否定句或疑问句，一般不用于肯定句，而could 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。两者没有时间上的差别，只是could 比can 更委婉，更不确定。如：It can’t [couldn’t] be true. 那不可能是真的。 What can [could] they be doing? 他们会在干什么呢? We could go there this summer. 今年夏天我们可能要去那儿。注：can 有时也用于肯定句中表示推测，主要用于表示理论上的可能性(即从理论上看是可能的，但实际未必会发生)，或表示“有时”之意。如： Even experienced teachers can make mistakes. 即使是有经验的教师也可能出错。 She can be very unpleasant. 她有时很令人讨厌。 (2) 从时间关系看，对现在或将来情况作推测，后接动词原形；对正在进行的情况作推测，后接be doing 结构；对过去情况作推测，后接动词完成式。如： He could have gone home. 他可能已经回家了。 He can’t [couldn’t] have understood. 他不可能理解了。

Why does he know this? Can [Could] someone have told him about it? 他怎么知道? 会是哪个人告诉他了吗? (3) “could+完成式”除表示对过去的推测外，还有以下重要用法： ①表示过去没有实现的可能性，常译为“本来可以”。如： I could have lent you the money．Why didn’t you ask me? 我本来可以借这笔钱给你的。你为什么不向我提出? ②用来委婉地责备某人过去应该做某事而没有去做，常译为“本来应该”。如： You could have helped him. 你本来应该帮助他的。 ③表示“差点儿就要”。如： I could have died laughing. 我差点儿笑死了。 2. may / might用于表推测的用法表示推测，两者都可用，只是might 比may 语气更不确定，表示的可能性更小。 (1) 在句型使用方面：两者均可用于肯定句和否定句，但用于疑问句时，may通常不用于句首，但可用于疑问句的句中（如特殊疑问句等），而might尽管可以用于疑问句的句首，但不算普通，通常会改用其他句式（如用could等）。如： He may [might] know the answer. 他可能知道答案。

非谓语动词,独立主格练习题

高一英语非谓语，独立主格专练 2018年3月一，独立主格结构的特点：1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。2）名词或代词与后面的现在分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是逻辑主谓关系；名词或代词与后面的过去分词是逻辑动宾关系。3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与句子分开；修饰整个句子，在句中位置灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末，常用作状语。二，注意事项：（1）独立主格转换成状语从句，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时，可用独立主格结构取代状语从句，但不再保留连词。After class was over (=Class being over / Class over), the students soon left the classroom. 下课后，学生很快离开了课室。（2）不能省略being (having been)的情形：在下列两种情况下，独立主格结构中的being（或having been）不能省略。独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。如：It being Sunday, we went to church.因为是星期天，我们去做了礼拜。 (2)在There being+名词的结构中。 There being no bus, we had to go home on foot. 因为没有公共汽车，所以我们不得不步行回家。

（3）在“名词（或代词）+介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。 Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand.史密斯小姐走进了课室，手里拿着一本书。比较with 的复合结构。如：Miss Smith entered the classroom, with a book in her hand. 1.There's a note （pin）to the door (say)when the shop will open again. 2.Once again I found myself standing at the crossroads, two paths (lie)ahead of me. 3..-- Where is Tom I have something important to tell him. ―I last saw him (seat)in the library reading. 4.A terrible air crash accident happened over the Atlantic Ocean (kill)150 passengers. 5.Life is like riding a bicycle. (keep)your balance, you must keep moving. 6.Everyone in this country should work hard and do what they

高中英语谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别

谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别首先你要明白在一个英语的单句中只有一个谓语，那么你就要学会怎样划分英语句子中的结构。先说下什么是单句，单句就是只有一个完整句子结构（句号才是整个句子结束的标志）的句子，没有连词和引导词（像and，what，where，这些的词都没有）。具体的单句结构（五个）就不用我说吧。 eg： ①I love my mother.就是一个单句。 ②English is my best subject which i like.这就是一个复合句（which引导的限制性定语从句），在主语中，english是主语，is是系动词，my best subject 是表语。在从句中（引导词后边的是从句），which作宾语指代subject（subject 是从句的先行词），I作主语，like在这里是行为动词（vt.）作谓语。给你一个划分简单句结构的例子： eg：I like playing basketball. 这个句子中，I是主语，like是谓语，playing basketball是动名词做宾语，在宾语中playing是非谓语动词，因为我刚刚说过了，一个单句中只有一个谓语，所以like做了谓语，playing就一定是非谓语动词了。

现在和你说下最简单的分辨谓语和非谓语的方法：划分句子的结构。每个句子首先找到主语，然后是谓语，谓语一般都会和主语靠近（有特殊的情况），那么除去谓语之外的其他动词，都是非谓语动词了。谓语动词：有以下几种分类 ①行为动词：行为动词又可分为及物（vt.）与不及物（vi.）那么vi.和vt.的区别可以通过造句的方式来确定。及物动词：可直接接宾语。(如果不接宾语，那么句意会不完整）不及物动词：不可以直接接宾语，需借用介词。 eg： I go to school by bus.（go不及物动词，但是和home连接时为go home）He drinks water.（drink是及物动词，中文翻译为他喝水，如果没有宾语water，就成了他喝，那他喝什么呢？句意就不完整了。） ②系动词：be动词（is，am，are，were，was）表主语状态，感官动词（hear，look，listen，tast，sound，appear，seem等），持续性动词（keep，stay，lie，remind等），变化动词（become，go，get，turn等）... ③情态动词：could，should，can，must，may等。

情态动词表猜测的用法

情态动词表猜测的用法情态动词must,can,could,should,may,might 等可以用在句中表示猜测。 1.“情态动词+动词原形”表示对现在或将来情况的猜测 I don’t know where she is. She may be in Wuhan. 2.“情态动词+进行式”表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况的猜测 At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers. 3.“情态动词+完成式”表示对过去情况的猜测 You must have been caught in the rain on your way home yesterday. 4.“情态动词+完成进行式”表示对过去正在进行的情况的猜测 Your mother must have been looking for you. 5.推测的否定形式用can’t/couldn’t，may not/might not表示

Mike can’t have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning. 6.句子中含有表示猜测的情态动词时，其反意疑问句的构成不能再用原句中的情态动词，而应根据原句在去掉情态动词的情况下的主谓关系来确定其反问形式。 ①The man in the white clothes must be a doctor, isn’t he? ②She must have seen the film before, hasn’t she? ③He must have an uncle abroad, doesn’t he? ④You must have met Uncle Wang in the shop yesterday, didn’t you? 7.在表示“猜测”方面的区别情态动词must,can,could,should,may,might 都可以用于表示“猜测”（注意：could, might 表示推测时不表示时态, 其推测的程度不如can, may）。实际上，“猜测”与“可能性”在逻辑上是有必然联系的。如果认为没有某种可能性，人们就不会作出某些猜测。因此，请注意六个情态动词之间的区别与它们各

高中英语复习-非谓语动词与独立主格结构(含答案)

非谓语动词与独立主格结构非谓语动词分为三类：不定式（infinitive）、动名词（gerund）和分词（participle）。其特点是： 1．不定式、动名词和分词可以做很多句子成分，但就是不能单独做谓语，这也是它们被称为"非谓语动词"的原因。 2．它们具有各种形态：一般式、主动态、被动态、进行态和完成态。 3．不定式和动名词可以做主语、宾语、表语、补语等。但不管起什么作用，它们都具有动词的功能，但无语法上的动词性质，这一点可以通过它们不受主语的人称和数的限制体现出来。 4．分词起形容词和副词作用，可做表语、定语、状语，但不能做主语和宾语。它也不受主语人称和数的限制。一．不定式 1.完成式不定式的一般形式所表示的动作, 通常与主要谓语表示的动作(状态)同时(或几乎同时)发生, 或是在它之后发生. 假如不定式所表示的动作, 在谓语所表示的动作(状态)之前发生, 就要用不定式的完成式. I am glad to have seen your mother (= I am glad I have seen your mother). (比较: I am glad to see you.) He is said to have written a new book about workers. He pretended not to have seen me.

2.进行式如果主要谓语表示的动作(状态)发生时, 不定式表示的动作正在进行, 这时要用不定式的进行式. You are not supposed to be working. You haven’t quite recovered yet. We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here. He pretended to be listening attentively. 3.完成进行式在谓语所表示的时间之前一直进行的动作, 就要用不定式的完成进行式. The struggle was known to have been going for twenty years. We are happy to have been working with you. 4.被动式当不定式的逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时, 不定式一般要用被动形式. It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here. She hated to be flattered. He wanted the letter to be typed at once. 【例】Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection ______ to the nation. A) has left B) is to leave C) leaves D) is to be left 结合选项来看，全句的意思：“78岁的丹尼斯爵士已经向众人宣布他的许多收藏品将留给国家"。收藏品是"被留给国家”，因此需要一个被动式做宾语，所以答案是D) is to be left。（二）句法功能 1.不定式作主语【例】It is not unusual for workers in that region _________. A) to be paid more than a month later B) to be paid later than more a month C) to pay later than a month more D) to pay later more than a month it 在句中作形式主语。而不定式to be paid more than a month是句子的逻辑主语。结合选项全句的意思是：“那个地方的工人一个多月后才得到工资是常有的事”，答案是A)。

【精品】非谓语动词总结以及易错点

【精品】非谓语动词总结以及易错点一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．Tom made a small cage _____ the little injured bird till it could fly. A．keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keep 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：Tom为了养这只受伤的小鸟做了一个漂亮的笼子，直到它会飞。此题根据句意和句型结构推知此处keep应该表示目的；在英语中，表示目的的动词应该使用动词不定式即to do sth。故选D。 2． He is thought ___foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. A．to act B． to have acted C． acting D．having acted 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：句型“有人认为..已....”可用It is thought/ believed/ ...that sb have/has done...结构。从句中的动作发生在主句动作之前。该结构可转化为sb is thought/believed +不定式的完成式。如： It is reported that Cheng Yifei died several days ago. The news reports that Cheng Yifei died several days ago. Cheng Yifei is reported to have died several days ago. 因此B选项正确。句意为“ 有人认为他已做了一件傻事。现在应怪他自己丢掉这份工作。” 考点：考查动词非谓语形式。 3．(天津) The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated. A．being allowed B．allowing C．having allowed D．allowed 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗。前句购进医疗设备和后面允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系，用doing即现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。A. being allowed表示被动且正在进行；C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动词发生；D. allowed表示被动且完成，故选B。【点睛】判断非谓语动词的形式的第一步是分析句子成分，看是用谓语动词还是非谓语动词，确定了是非谓语动词，还要判断非谓语动词的成分，和这个动词和逻辑主语的关系。

如何确定非谓语动词和谓语动词(经典版)

动词的形式-----谓语动词和非谓语动词突破点（一）--如何确定非谓语动词还是谓语动词若句中找不到谓语，则所给动词就作谓语 (1)一个句子无论是主句还是从句，必须要有谓语，一般，空格所在的句子中无其他动词，那么这个空就应该填谓语动词。谓语动词要考虑时态语态主谓一致等。例如2016全国Then, handle the most important tasks so you will feel a real sense of achievement .Leave the less important things until tomorrow ---63 (be) often acceptable. 分析：该句中主语为动名词leaving -----,故所给动词作谓语，谓语动词为第三人称单数形式，且根据语境知时态为一般现在时故填is 例二2016四川高考The giant panda ---61 (love) by people through the world. 分析：句中没有谓语故空格处应该做谓语。大熊猫为世界各地人们所喜爱是个客观事实，应用一般现在时，且panda 与love 间是被动关系，用被动语态故填is loved (2)若句中找到了谓语动词，而又找不到连词（并列连词或从句连词）时，则所给动词一定用作非谓语动词。非谓语动词需要确定是vIng形式，Ved 形式还是不定式。例1 2016全国Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal-----43 (create) special designs. 分析:本句已有谓语动词combine 且空处不作并列谓语，故应填非谓语动词，此处为不定式作目的状语故填to create 例二2016 全国My ambassadorial duties will include ----67(introduce) British visitors to the 120 plus panda at Chengdu and others at a research center in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. 分析：句中已有谓语动词include 且无其他连词，故空处应填非谓语动词。Include 及物动词其后加名词或动名词作宾语再结合提示Introduce和空后的名词visitors ,此处应用动名词作宾语故填introducing.

高三英语非谓语动词和独立主格结构

高考二轮复习英语教案专题八非谓语动词和独立主格结构【专题要点】非谓语动词和独立主格结构主要用法如下：1.动名词和动词不定式作主语、宾语； 2.只跟动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语； 3.只跟动词不定式作宾语的常见动词； 4.既可以跟动名词又可以跟动词不定式作宾语，且意义不同的动词或短语； 5.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别； 6.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语时的区别； 7.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语时的区别；8.动名词的复合结构在句中作状语； 9.there be 结构的两种非谓语形式；10.独立主格结构在句中作状语； 11.with复合结构在句中作状语或定语。【考纲要求】非谓语动词包括不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词三种形式。动词的非谓语形式是中学英语语法的重点和难点,也是每年高考热点中的热点, 考纲要求掌握：非谓语动词的时态和语态；他们在英语句子中的作用；非谓语动词的基本用法和含义，非谓语动词在句子中可以充当多种句子成分，比如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语等；掌握非谓语动词充当相同句子成分时的辨析；掌握非谓语动词在不同的语境、语义下的运用。对于独立主格结构考纲要求掌握独立主格结构的构成方式；在句子中的作用以及with复合结构。【教法指引】非谓语动词包括不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词，是高中英语学习的难点，也是高考考查的重点。高中英语非谓语动词是一个重要考点，教师在引导学生复习备考中要注意重点突出、训练得当，尤其是对以下要点的复习： 1.不定式、现在分词与过去分词的用法区别； 2.非谓语动词的主动式与被动式； 3.非谓语动词完成式的用法； 4.非谓语动词用作伴随状语； 5.非谓语动词用作目的状语； 6.非谓语动词用作结果状语； 7.非谓语动词用作宾语补足语； 8.非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题； 9.非谓语动词用作主语的问题；10.“(be+)过去分词+介词”结构；11.动名词的复合结构和there be结构的非谓语动词形式。对于独立主格结构的复习，教师必须要讲清它的构成方式和在句子中的作用以及与with 复合结构和分词之间的辨析的关系。【知识网络】非谓语动词用法非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、

常见的非谓语动词知识点总结

非谓语动词①一个句子常不能出现两个做谓语的动词②非谓语动词即在句中不做谓语,但却具有部分动词的性质(接宾语或表语) ③分类时间意义不定式后时性表将来一次性动作也称动词动名词泛时性概念性 v-ing形式现在分词也称动词现时性主动意义过去分词分词形式完成性被动意义一、动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。否定式：not + (to) do ; 完成式to have done；进行式; to be doing; 1, 不定式的句法功能：(1)作主语: 常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后￥常用句式有：①It+be+名词+to do; ②It takes sb. + some time +to do; ③It + be+ 形容词+ of sb.(人的品质) / for sb. + to do; It is very hard for us to finish the work in ten minutes. It means failure to lose your heart. It is careless of you to make such a silly mistake. It’s necessary for you to treasure the time. (2)作表语：Her job is to clean the hall. He appears to have caught a cold. (3)作宾语：如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面 Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. We think it important to study hard. · 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语，如：I have no choice but to stay here. He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. 动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用，如：He gave us some advice on how to learn English. He asked me what to do next. (4)作宾语补足语：He tells me to study hard. He asked me to sit down. (5)作定语：被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next, second, last, only等限定词时候，只能用不定式。 He is always the first to come and the last to go. What’s the next to do She is the only girl to take part in the party. I have a meeting to attend. He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about. (6)作状语：①表目的：He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 》 ②表结果(往往是与预期愿望相反的结果、意料之外)：常放在never, only后He arrived late only to find the train had gone. I visited him only to find him out. The prisoner breaks prison two times, only to be caught. ③表原因：They were very sad to hear the news. 2, 不定式的省略：If you don't want to do it, you don't need to. 3, 不定式的并列：He wished to study medicine and become a doctor. 二、动名词: 为名词的一种。1．形式: Ving；否定式；被动式：完成式：完成被动式；复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格）+ 动名词2．动名词的句法功能：（1）作主语：Reading aloud is very helpful. Collecting stamps is interesting. } （2）作表语:In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs. （3）作宾语: They haven't finished building the dam. （4）作定语：He can't walk without a walking-stick. Is there a swimming pool in your school （5）作同位语：The cave, his hiding-place is secret. His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged．

非谓语动词和独立主格结构观摩课教案

高三英语复习观摩课教学设计教学目的：巩固非谓语动词作状语的用法，学会使用独立主格结构。 Step One 值日生报告人数 Step Two One student will give all present a brief introduction of our school. Ladies and gentlemen: Warmly welcome to our school. First of all, please permit me, on behalf of all the teachers and students in our school, to give you a warm welcome. Now let me give you a very brief introduction to our school. There are 70 classes in three grades with more than 6000 students in our school. We have Chinese, maths, English, physics, chemistry, biology, politics, history, geography, P. E. and music. Besides, a computer course is also provided. There are three labs equipped with modern instruments and we have a computer room with over 50 advanced computers in it. The teachers love us students and we students respect our teachers. We listen attentively in class, learn from each other and help each other. After class we take an active part in sports or listen to music. We enjoy our rich and colorful school life. That’s all. Thank you. Step Three All the students will recite a passage. China is large in area and rich in natural resources. The climate is different depending on the area. The south has cool, wet winters and hot, damp summers. This area is suitable for growing rice. The north has cold, dry winters and hot, rainy summers. Wheat is mainly grown in this area. The western part of China is dry with little rain all the year round. It is not good for growing crops, but some places produce a variety of fruit. And the eastern part of China enjoys plenty of rain most time of the year, so the crops grow very well. Step Four通过做单词拼写题来复习非谓语动词的用法根据各句的句子结构写出空中的单词，并说出该句中非谓语部分地语法功能。 1. __________ (穿着) a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. 2. ____________(以……为基础) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. 3. ___________(接近) the city of New York, we saw the Statue of Liberty. 4.__________(意识到) that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing computer games. 5. There is nothing more I can try to _____________(说服) you to stay, so I wish you good luck. 6. He was busy writing a story, only ____________(停下来) once in a while to smoke a cigarette. 7. George returned after the war, only to _________(得知) that his wife had left him. 8. (When)______________(比较) with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. 9. The research is so designed that once ___________(开始) nothing can be done to change it. 10. Though __________(缺) money, his parents managed to send him to university. Wearing Basing Approaching Realizing persuade stopping learn compared begun lacking Step Five 复习独立主格结构(absolute structure)的用法导入：作状语的非谓语其逻辑主语不是句中主语时，需要给非谓语加上逻辑主语名词或代词(人称代词时用主格)，这种结构叫独立主格结构。例如： The boy being unhappy, I gave him a candy. = As the boy was unhappy, I gave him a candy. There being no buses, I had to walk home. = As there were no buses, I had to walk home. It raining tomorrow, we’ll have to put off the sports meet. = If it rains tomorrow, we’ll have to put off the sports meet. I waiting for the bus, a stone hit me on the head. = While I was waiting for the bus, a stone hit me on the head. 独立主格构成有两种形式：一种是在名词或代词(人称代词时用主格形式)后直接加名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等；另一种是用with + 名词或代词(人称代词时用宾格) + 名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等。一般来说表示“具有、携带着”等意思时，with加复合宾语结构较常用。例如： It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.那儿的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些高达90多米。（必修3第五单元） The elderly man was telling a fairy tale(神话故事), with a lot of kids(小娃娃) listening