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八年级上册英语语法要点重点

八年级上册英语语法要点重点
八年级上册英语语法要点重点

Unit 1 How oten do you exercise?

Grammar: 特殊疑问句:wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。

特殊疑问句的构成及用法:

结构:特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句,即:特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语(+其他)

疑问代词:

1) Who:谁。做主语,用来指人Who is the boy under the tree?

2)Whom 谁,做宾语,用来指人Whom are you writing to?

3) Whose 谁的,用来指所属关系,如果做定语,一般后接名词Whose pen is this?

4) Which 哪个,哪些,用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择Which grils will in the sports meeting? Which pen is Lily’s?

5)What什么,通常指物,也可指人,一般用在没有指出范围的情况下What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now?

疑问副词:

When:何时,询问时间When will she come back?

Where何地,询问地点,Where do you come rom?

Why为什么,询问原因,Why are you late or school?

How 如何,询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等How do you usually go to school?

How old多大,询问年龄,How old is Jim’s little brother?

How many/much多少,询问数量How many birds are there in the tree?

How ar多远,询问距离,How ar is it orm your home to school?

How long多长,多久,询问时间的长度或距离How long will you stay in Beijing?

How oten多长时间按一次,询问频率How oten do you go to see your grandparents?

How soon多久,询问时间How soon will you come back?

频率副词:表示动作发生的频率,never, sometimes, oten, usually, always. What’s the matter with you?

Grammar:

1. 用have 来描述身体不适have/have got a +疾病名字;得了……病

2.情态动词should,情态动词should,can, may, must没有人称和时态的变化,后接动词原形

Unit 3 What are you doing or vacation?

Grammar:现在进行时表将来一般将来时

表示将要做某事或计划打算做某事要用到句型“be+doing”其中be是助动词,它有人称和单复数的变化。Be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是现在进行时的形式,但用于表示将来。用进行时表将来,常用于表示即将来临的未来预定要做的事情,一般指个人计划要做的事。用于此情况的动词一般是表示位置转移的动词,如,go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。

一.肯定句中,结构为“be+doing.”

I am going shopping this aternoon.

二.否定句是在be之后加not. I’m not going to shopping this aternoon.

三.一般疑问句是将be置于句首Are you going shopping this aternoon?—Yes, I am/ we are. No, I’m not./ We aren’t.

四.特殊疑问句“疑问词+一般疑问句语序。”

What are you doing or vacation? When is he going camping?

Who are you going there with? Where is she going?

Unit 4 How do you get to school?

Grammar: How引导的特殊疑问句:是指以How, how ar, how long, how old,how many, how much等词开头的疑问句。

How does he get to shool?---- He takes the train to get to shool.

How long does it take to walk? ----It takes about 35 minutes to walk.

How ar is it rom your home to school? It’s our miles rom my home to school. How old is he now? She is twelve years old now.

How many storybooks do you have? I have ive storybooks.

How much is this coat? This coat is 200 yuan.

特殊疑问句的简略结构:how about…?+ 名词或动词-ing形式,用于提出建议、请求或征求意见、询问消息等。如:How about playing tennis?

Can you come to my party?

Grammar:情态动词can及邀请句式及其问答

情态动词can的用法:

Can 是最长用的情态动词,其后跟动词原形,can的否定形式为cannot,can’t.

can表“能力”,意思是:能,会I can paly basketball,but I can’t swim.

can表示能力时可和be able to 互换,be able to有更多的时态,常被用来表示can所不能表示的将来或完成的概念。E.g. They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months.

表示“可能性”,意思是:可以,可能。That big cinema can seat 5,000 people. 表示允许,意思是可以能够You can have the book when I have inished it.

表示“惊讶、不相信等(用于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中”。意思是“会、可能。”This can’t be true. Can it be true?

如何发出、接受和谢绝别人的邀请

表达邀请的常用句型:

Can you come to…?

Could you come to…?

Would you like to come to…?

Do you want to come to…?

接受邀请的常用句型:

Sure. C ertainly. OK. I’d love to.

谢绝邀请的常用句型:

I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to…

I’m araid I can’t. I have to…

I don’t think I can. I have to…

Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister.

Grammar:形容词的比较级

规则变化、不规则变化(课本P93)

than 是比较级中最常见的标志词,意思是“比”。用于引出比较的对象。1.He draws b etter than me.2.You’re older than I am. You are older than me.

形容词比较级前,有时可以用much,ar, a little,a bit, even, three times等词来修饰。Much 和ar表示“……得多”,much better好得多,a little, a bit表示稍微,一些,一点。a little shorter, 稍微矮点;even表示“甚至,更加,还要……”even bigger还要大些,three times表示“…三倍”,如three times bigger than 比……大三倍

Very绝不可以用来修饰比较级,very,so,too, quite 修饰原级

Unit 7 How do you make banana milk shake?

Grammar: 可数名词与不可数名词

一.可数名词

英语中的物质名词大体上可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词指物体的数量可数。其单数形式可在名词前加a或an,表示一个,如a pear. 其负数形式要在词尾加-s,或-es(特殊情况除外),如two bananas, three tomatoes. Many many apples a ew students ew bags

二.不可数名词

1.不可数名词指物体的数量不可数。不可数名词没有单复数之分,也不能在词前直接加冠词a 或an.表示不可数名词的数量时可在不可数名词前加相应的由量词构成的短语。如a bag o…

2.常见的量词短语有:

a piece o… a cup o… a teaspoon o… a bottle o…

3.不可数名词还可以用下面的词表示数量:much much rain a little little

4.既可以修饰不可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词的词有:

Lots o= a lot o许多,大量some一些(用于肯定句)any一些(用于否定句和一般疑问句)

Unit 8 How was your school trip?

Grammar:

一般过去时:指在过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去意义的时间状语连用。如:yesterday, last year(week,month…),two years ago,

in2006等。有时也可用when,ater,beore, as soon as引导的时间状语从句。该时态在句中的体现是谓语动词用过去式。谓语be动词→was/were 否定:wasn’t /weren’t

Be动词句型

一般疑问句:was/were +主语…

特殊疑问句:疑问词+was/were+主语

陈述句:主语+was/were+…(肯定句) 否定句:主语+wasn’t/weren’t+…

行为动词句型(当句中的动词为行为动词时,要借助动词did构成一般疑问句和否定句)

肯定式:主语+动词过去式

否定式:主语+didn’t+动词原形

一般疑问句:Did +主语+动词原形

特殊疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形

When was he born?

Grammar: 一般过去时的特殊疑问句

一般过去时的特殊疑问句的变法同一般现在时一样,不同之处在于须将be动词或助动词改为过去时态,即“特殊疑问词+were或was(第三人称单数)+主语+(表语)+其他成分”或“特殊疑问词+助动词did+主语+实义动词+其他成分。”

以when引导的特殊疑问句,对某人的出生年月进行提问,句型是:

When was/were…born? … was/were born in +时间

When was David beckham born? 大卫.贝克汉姆是什么时候出生的?He was born in 1975.

二.以how long 引导的特殊疑问句,对表示某一短时间的状语进行提问。句型是:

How long did + 主语+动词?

How long did Charles Smith hiccup? He hiccupped or 69 years and 5 months.

三.When did he start hiccupping? 他什么时候开始打嗝?When +did+主语+动词?

Unit 10 I’m going to be a basketball player.

Grammar:一般将来时

表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间状语连用。

1. be going to + 动词原形What are you going to do next Sunday?

2. will/shall + 动词原形I will go to my hometown next week.

3.be +v.ing The Greens are moving to another city the day ater tomorrow.

4. be +动词不定式You are to be back by 10 o’clock.

5. be + about + 动词不定式The meeting is about to begin.

Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?

Grammar:情态动词

情态动词,表示说话者对某一动作的看法和态度,包括可能、怀疑、允许、愿望、必要、猜测等。Can(能、会),may( 可以),must( 必须、一定)等。

情态动词的特点:(1)情态动词有一定词义,但不能单独作谓语,必须和另一个动词原形一起构成谓语,且没有人称和数的变化。1. I can speak English. 2. She must be a teacher. 3. We may go home now.

(2)变否定句时,直接在情态动词后面加not,无需加助动词。He can’t play the guitar well.

He can’t answer the question. You mustn’t be late.

(3)含有情态动词的句子变一般疑问句时,须将情态动词提前。Can you help me? Must I go there at once?

(4)can 可表示能力、允许、可能性、怀疑猜测,意为“能,会,可以。”can’t, 意为“不能,不会,不可以。”,还有“不可能”之意。

--Can you drive? –Sorry, I can’t. It can’t be true.

(5)can 也可表示请求与邀请

Can you please sweep the loor?

Unit12 What’s the best radio station?

Grammar:形容词/副词的最高级,用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较,表示在一群人或事物中,其中一个“最……”见课本p93语法

the +最高级She is the tallest o all her classmates.

最高级可被序数词以及much, by ar,nearly,almost, by no means, not quite,not really, nothing like等修饰。This hat is by ar the biggest.

表示最高程度的形容词,excellent, extreme, preect等没有最高级也不能用比较级。He is an excellent teacher.

形容词最高级间修饰做表语或介词并与的名词代词是,被修饰的词往往省略。He is the youngest (boy) in his class.

Who/Which +be+最高级,A,B,or C? Who is the most useul, a bicycle, a motorcycle,or a car?

the +序数词+最高级He is the second tallest student in our class.

One o the +最高级+复数名词The Yellow River is one o the longest rivers in China.

八年级上册英语语法归纳

八年级上册英语语法归纳 【篇一】 1. what 与which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于: What does your father do? What is your father’s job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如: ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特? ---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。 2. What...?是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而Which...?是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如: What color do you like best? (所有颜色) 你最喜爱什么颜色? Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定的范围) 你最喜爱哪一种颜色? 3. what 与which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如:Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国? 4) 频度副词的位置 1.常见的频度副词有以下这些: always(总是,一直) usually(通常)

often(常常,经常) sometimes(有时候) never(从不) 2.频度副词的位置: a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如: David is often arrives late for school. 大卫上学经常迟到。 b.放在行为动词前。如: We usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天经常在7:10去上学。 c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如:Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike. 有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。 3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如:Never have I been there. 5) every day 与everyday 1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。如: We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7:10去上学。 I decide to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。 2. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。 She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

八年级英语语法归纳整理

八年级英语语法归纳整理(下册) Topic1 一. 重点词汇 ( 一 ) 词形转换: 1.discuss(名词) discussion 2.queen(对应词) king https://www.wendangku.net/doc/aa913667.html,fortable(名词) comfort 4.safely (形容词) safe (名词) safety ( 二 ) 词的辨析 1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on 3. other /else 4. raise /rise 5.each /every 6.exciting / excited (三)重点词组: 1.go on a visit to 去……旅行 2. make the decision 做决定 3.bring back 带回 4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行 5.decide on (upon) sth 对某事做出决定 6 see the sunrise 看日出 7. make a reservation 预订 8. come up with 想出(主意) 9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望 10. pay for 支付;赔偿 11. raise money 筹钱 12. book a ticket 订票 13. make a room for sb 为……订房间 14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快 15. in the daytime 在白天 16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 17.find out 查出

八年级下册英语语法知识点

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八年级上英语语法点(完整版)

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26. in fact 实际上 27. at midnight 在半夜 28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快 29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架 30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温 31. have/get a pain in…某处疼痛 32. have a headache 头痛 33. as soon as…一……就…… 34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事 35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事 36. fall asleep 入睡 37. again and again再三地,反复地 38. wake up 醒来,叫醒 39. instead of 代替 40. look over 检查 41. take exercise运动 42. had better(not) do sth. 最好(不要)干某事 43. at the weekend 在周末 44. on time 按时 45. out of从……向外 46. all by oneself 独立,单独 47. lots of=a lot of 许多 48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再 49. get back 回来,取回

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large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest (3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest (4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest (5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。

beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily (6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→furthest/farthest 2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法 (1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。 Tom is taller than Kate. 汤姆比凯特高。

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much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of等。例如: Is there much water in the bucket? 桶里有很多水吗? He always has a great amount of work to do. 他总是有很多工作要做。 三、既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词语有: a lot of, lots of, plenty of (以上三个词语后谓语动词的数依of 后的名词的单复数而定,a great / large quantity of (其后谓语用单数,quantities of (其后谓语用复数。例如: There is still lots of snow in the garden. 花园里还有许多雪。 There is plenty of rain here. 这儿的雨水很多。 A great quantity of flowers was placed in the hall. 大厅里放了很多鲜花。 There are large quantities of food in the cupboard. 橱柜里有许多食物。 在所有这些表示―很多‖的词语中many, much 是最常用的词,它们既可以用于肯定句,也可以用于疑问句和否定句。例如: Are there many people in the street?

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(4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest (5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。 beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most ea sily (6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest 2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法 (1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。

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否定句构成:will + not (won’t)+do Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成: 特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday? 练一练 根据例句,用will改写下列各句 例:I don’t feel well today. (be better tomorrow) I’ll be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight) _____________________________ 2. I’m tired now. (sleep later) _____________________________ 3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon) _____________________________ 4. We can’t leave right now. (leave a little later) _____________________________ 5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow) _____________________________ 答案:1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight.

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例如:How often do you exercise? I exercise every day . . 2.学习掌握频度副词:always almost always usually often sometimes hardly ever seldom never . . . unit3: 1.学习形容词和副词的比较级规则,分为规则变化和不规则变化形容词和副词的比较级用法:表示两者(人和事物)的比较。 . . 规则变化:1.一般在此为加er . 2.以字母e结尾的词,在词尾加r .

3.重度闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写该辅音字母,再加er . 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词,先把y改I 再加er . 5.多音节和部分双音节词在词前加more . 不规则变化另外记忆。 . . . Unit4: 1.学习形容词和副词的最高级规则,分为规则变化和不规则变化。 . 形容词和副词的最级用法:表示三者或三者以上(人和事物)的比较,其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个,后面用of /in 短语来说明比较的范围。 .

初二英语语法知识点总结

1.want sb to do sth 想要某人干某事 2.try to do sth 尽力干某事 3. try not to do sth 尽力不干某事 4. try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力干某事 5. try on 试穿have a try 试一试 6. although /though 引导让步状语从句,“即使,虽然”,不能与but 连用,但可与yet, still 连用。 7.finish doing sth 结束干某事 8.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地干某事 9.decide to do sth 决定干某事decide not to do sth 决定不干某事.decide on doing sth 决定干某事同义词组: make a decision to do sth = make up one’s mind to do sth = decide to do sth 10.plan to do sth 计划干某事11.think about doing sth 考虑干某事12.go + v-ing 的用法: 13.:It’s + adj +for /of sb to do sth 同义句:1).I t’s +adj +for sb +to do sth = To do sth + be +adj 2).It’s +adj +of sb +to do sth = Sb +be +adj + to do sth 14. 1).take the train to …=go to …by train take the bus to …= go to …by bus 2).fly to …= go to …by plane /air walk to …. = go to …on foot ride a bike to …= go to …. by bike My uncle went to New York last week . 15. 1).It +takes +sb.+时间+to do sth 2).sb. +spend +时间+on sth (in doing sth ). 16. A +be +距离+from +sb = It’s +距离+from A+ to sb. 17.leave ,leave for , leave …for …1).leave +地点“离开某地”2).leave for +地点“前往某地”=go to +某地3).leave +某地+for +某地“离开某地前往某地” 18.all …not = not all “并非都”部分否定注:not 与all /both /every ….. 连用构成部分否定。19.the number of / a number of 1).a number of 许多= a lot of /many , number 前可用large /small 来修饰,a large / small number of ….. 作主语时,谓语用复数。2).the number of ….的数量, 作主语时,谓语用单数。20. 1).ill 用在系动词之后作表语。 2).sick 既可以放在系动词之后作表语也可放在名词之前作定语。21.表示客气地请求某人干某事1). Would you like to do sth ? 2).Could you please do sth ? 3).Will /Would you please do sth ? 4).Can you do sth ? 22. 1). be busy with sth .忙于某事2).be busy doing sth 忙于干某事3).be busy 的反义词组be free / have time I am busy tomorrow 23. 1).whole 一般置于冠词,物主代词或其他限定词之后,all 位于限定词之前。2).一般不修饰不可数名词,all 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。24.however / but however “然而,可是”用于句首或句中,须用逗号隔开。而but 不用逗号隔开。25. 1).most of the +复数名词“…..中的大多数”2).most +复数名词“大多数的…….” 26. 1).beat:打败后面接打败的人或对象beat sb 2).win:赢后面接比赛的项目(race , game , match , prize …..) 3).lose:输lose to sb 输给某人lose sth 输了某物27.do you think 作为插入语1).位置:放在疑问词之后2).语序:后面的句子用陈述句语序。 28.常见的不可数名词:weather work food news advice information fun music paper water 29. 1).afford 常与情态动词can , can’t , could , couldn’t 连用2).afford 后面接名词或代词不定时。3).同义句:can’t afford to do sth = sb don’t /doesn’t have enough money to do sth . 30. 1).listen to …仔细倾听强调听的过程2).hear …听到、听见强调听的结果3).sound …. 系动词“听起来…….”后面接形容词而sound like +名词31. 1).not as…as 之间要用原级2).同义句:A + not as/so…as +B= A + 形容词的反义词的比较级+ than + B = B + 形容词的比较级+ than +A 32. finally = at last = in the end Finally he came up with an idea 33.turn on / open 的区别:1.turn on :指打开水流,煤气,电灯,电视,收音机等电器的开关。 2.open:指关着的门,窗,箱子打开。 34.into/ in 的区别: 1.into表示“到……里面去”,进入到……某空间里。属于动态介词。 2.in表示“在……里面”,在某一空间或范围之内。属于静态介词。 35. too…to…= not…enough to …= so…that…. 36.:called = named = with the name (of) ?37. 1.see sb do sth :看见某人做了某事 2.see sb doing sth .看见某人正在做某事(注):类似的动词有:hear ,watch ,notice 等。省to的不定式变被动语态时,需带上

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