中国文化概览期末题(英文)
文化概略期末考试答疑
一、选择题。Multiple Choice（20%）
1. Which was the dynasty that first introduced the imperial examination system for recruiting civil service officials in ancient China?
Answer: The Sui Dynasty.
2. Of the four religions prevailing in China: Buddhism, Taoism, Islam and Christian ity, which one is the native born?
Answer: Taoism
3. Chinese people usually worship a number of deities that, they wish, will bring t hem blessings in their daily life. They enshrine and worship various gods in their home to meet their various need, They take such a deity just as an image of power r ather than a genuine religion. For example, they put up an image of the god of home guard on the door wishing to keep the security of the family. When they wish to ge t rich, they usually put up the god of ______in their home?
Answer: Cai Shen or the god of wealth.
4. What is the name of the god that people in the coastal region of Southeastern Ch ina worship and wish him to keep them safe at sea?
A. Mazu
B. Guanyin
C. Buddha
Answer: A
5. Buddhism was first introduced to China in the first century A.D. or so, when Emp eror Mingdi of the Eastern Han Dynasty was in rule. The first Buddhist temple in Ch inese history, built at Luoyang city, Henan Province, is called_______.
Answer: Bai Ma Si (The Temple of White Horse)
6. The great contemporary painter Qi Baishi was gifted with a fine arts power, bein
g skillful in painting the images of fish, birds, flowers and insects. "The wonder of his works lies in somewhere between resemblance and dissemblance," vividly and l ively. His __________ is widely known in China.
A. A cluster of shrimps
B. Donkey
C. Galloping Horses
Answer: A
7. True or False? Is Jasmine (茉莉花) a folk song of Jiangsu Province?
Answer: True.
8. Which minority ethnic group's dwelling community is called the hometown of peaco cks?
A. Tujia nationality
B. Dai nationality
C. Hui nationality
D. Shui nationality
Answer: B.
9. What is the name of the mountain where the largest Chinese Taoist architectural complex is located?
Answer: Wudang Mountain.29. According to wedding customs in ancient China, a bride was carried to a bridegroom's home by__________?
A. Bridal sedan-chair
B. a horse
C. a car
Answer: Bridal sedan-chair.
10. Of all the traditional Chinese festivals, which one is set to mark the famous p oet Quyuan?
A. Dragon-boat Festival
B. Qingming Festival
C. Festival of the 8th of the lunar December.
Answer: A. Dragon-boat Festival.
11. Choose: "布衣" refers to:
A. Ordinary people
B. Officials
C. Soldiers
Answer: An ordinary people
12. The logo adopted for Olympic games in 2008 is a "Chinese seal". When were seals commonly used in China?
A. Zhou Dynasty
B. Han Dynasty
C. Tang Dynasty
Answer: A
13. The Qin Dynasty first introduced the official system of using seals or stamps: The personal seal of the emperor was called imperial seal, the counselor-in-chief u sed gold seal, and various officials of the court used gold, silver or bronze seals according to their different ranks. Later, following dynasties in Chinese history generally inherited the same system. What kind of material was the imperial seal ma de of?
A.Gold
B. Jade.
C. Bronze
D. Silver
Answer: B
14. Which of the following products were traditional exported ones in ancient China?
A. Glass
B.Silk
C.Porcelain
D.Sugar
Answer: B, C.
15. Shen Kuo of the Northern Song Dynasty wrote a world famous scientific work, whi ch gave a detailed description of the movable-type printing, in addition to the int roduction to the assembling of a compass. What work is it?
Answer: Sketchbook of Dream Brook (梦溪笔谈)
16.Exchanges between China and other countries and regions in ancient times had las ted for a long time, and during this long process of exchange China had learned var ious technologies from other countries. Which of the following technologies was int roduced to China from other countries?
A. Glassmaking technology
B. Raising silkworm
C. Wine brewing D Papermaking.
Answer:A.
17. Which of the following fruits does not originate from China?
A. Peach.
B.apricot
C. water melon
D.apple
Answer: C, D.
18. Which of the following vegetables are introduced from other countries?
A.Potato
B.Chinese cabbage
C.sweet potato
D. tomato
Answer: A. C. D.
19. "Nostalgia seems to be a shallow channel; I am on this side, and the mainland o n the other." Who is the famous poet of Taiwan?
Answer: Yu Guangzhong.
20. What is the name of the archetypal Neolithic cultural site discovered in the su burbs of Xi'an in Shaanxi Province?
Answer: The Banpo Cultural site.
21. In China's mythology, who was the hero to separate heaven from earth?
Answer: Pan Gu.
22. In China's mythology, who created human beings?
Answer: Nvwa.
23. In China's historical legends, who was the first of the "Five Emperors"?
Answer: Huangdi ( and the others were Zhuanxu, Diku, Yao, Shun).
24. In China's historical legends, who was the first to teach people to fish and ra ise livestock?
Answer: Fu Xi.
25. In China's historical legends, who was the first to teach people farming and to taste and experiment with various types of herbal medicines?
Answer: Yandi.
26. Which two antiquate cities of China have been listed as "World Cultural Heritag
e Sites"?
Answer: Lijiang in Yunnan, and Pingyao in Shanxi. (Picture: Lijiang and Pingyao)
27. The main architectural structure in ancient China was ________________.
A. A wooden framework
B. A stone framework
Answer: A.
28. One of the characteristics of China's antiquate architecture is _________.
A. The distinguished difference of ranks in society
B. No difference
Answer: A
29. The Grand Canal was first opened during the ______ Dynasty.
Answer: Sui.
30. Which province has the largest number of minority ethnic group in China?
A. Guangzhou
B. Shaanxi
C. Sichuan
D.Yunnan
Answer: D.
31. The smallest ethnic group in China has only a population of about 2300. What is this minority ethnic group called ?
A. Shui
B. Derung
C. Lhoba
D. Primi
Answer: C.
32. The first Chinese edition of The Bible was published in Malacca in 1823. The tr anslator of this edition was a famous British missionary. What is his name?
Answer: Robert Morrison.
33. The Indian Monk Bodhidharma came to China and in a temple he had kept still in meditation facing the wall for ten years, thus creating the Chinese Buddhist school "Chan or Zen Buddhism. What is the name of the temple?
Answer: Henan's Shaolin Temple.
二、判断题。True or False?（20%）
34. True or False: The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the lunar August, j ust in the middle of autumn, hence the name.
Answer: True.
35. True or False: In China, wine has a longer history than tea. In 1986, a pot of wine unearthed in Henan Province was made more than 3,000 years before. Maotai liqu or, Five-Grain Liquor, Fenjiu, Zhuyeqing, Luzhou Laojiao, Gujin Gongjiu are all bra nd-name liquors produced in China.
Answer: True.
36. True or False: Cloth printed with Batik and soaked-indigo techniques are import ed from overseas.
Answer: False. Batik and soaked-indigo techniques are invented by Chinese people, w hich are used in traditional Chinese textile design and dyeing to produce art and h andicraft products.
37. True or False: The paper-cutting art of China has been listed as one of the wor ld's cultural legacies.
Answer: True.
38. True or False: There is generally a pair of identical stone lions placed in fro nt of Chinese palaces, official's mansions and houses in order to 'ward off evil sp irits.'
Answer: False. Generally speaking, on the left side of the gate is a male lion with its right foot stamping on a silk ball, suggesting the symbol of power; on the rig ht side of the gate is a lioness with her left foot caressing a cub lion, symbolizi ng procreation of more descendants.
39. Judge: Both sundial and copper clepsydra were hour meters used for counting tim
e in ancient China. Sundial had been popular in Qin and Han Dynasties.
Answer: Right.
40. Judge: The main source of traditional Chinese medicine is herbage, in addition to some animals and minerals.
Answer: Right.
41 True or False? Oracle-bone inscriptions (甲骨文) are so called because they were inscribed on tortoise shells or animal bones.
Answer: True.
42. True or False? Most Chinese characters may be written either in the complex for m with more strokes or in a simplified version with less strokes. A character with more strokes is called an original complex character; and its simplified version is called a simplified character.
Answer: True.
43. True or False? The simplified Chinese characters are one of the working languag es used in the United Nations.
Answer: True.
44. True or False? In China, a Buddhist Temple is called "庙", while a Taoist monas tery is called "观".
Answer: Correct.
45. True or False? The standard language of modern Chinese is Putonghua.
Answer: True.
46. True or False? Lu Xun is a famous comtemporary Chinese writer and thinker, whos
e surname is Lu and given name is Xun.
Answer: False. His real name is Zhou Shuren, and Lu Xun is his pen name.
47. True or False? Chinese poetry had seen its prime stage in the Tang Dynasty. Acc ording to the Quan Tang Shi,(Complete Poetry of Tang), about 50,000 poems were writ ten by over 2,300 poets in this period.
Answer: True.
48. True or False? Chinese characters are not only the oldest language in the world, but also are used by the largest number of people in the world. The number of Chin ese characters totals about 60,000, with about 6,000 in daily use.
Answer: True.
49. True or False? In China, brick was first used for construction during the Qin D ynasty, 2,300 years ago. The famous Great Wall was mainly built with bricks.
Answer: True.
三、简答题。Brief Answer Questions（30%）
50. What are the awards set up for films in China?
Answer: Golden Rooster Award and Hundred Flowers Award
51. What are the two Awards for Chinese TV plays?
Answer: Golden Eagle Award, and Flying God Award.
52. What are the names of the following four ancient historic capital cities now in modern China?
Tang Dynasty Chang'an Kaifeng
Yuan Dynasty Dadu Hangzhou
Northern Song Dynasty Dongjing Beijing
Soutnern Song Dynasty Lin'an Xi'an
Answer:
Tang Dynasty —— Chang'an —— Xi'an
Yuan Dynasty —— Dadu —— Beijing
Northern Song Dynasty —— Dongjing —— Kaifeng
Soutnern Song Dynasty —— Lin'an —— Hangzhou
53. Please link up the following local specialties with the place of production: Maotai liquor Shanxi
Peony Suzhou
Long-stored vinegar Zhejiang
Suzhou embroidery Guizhou
Longjing tea Xinjiang
Raisins Luoyang
Answer:
Maotai liquor ———— Guizhou
Peony ———— Luoyang
Long-stored vinegar ———— Shanxi
Suzhou embroidery ———— Suzhou
Longjing tea ———— Zhejiang
Raisins ———— Xinjiang
54. The main form of Chinese marriage is _____.
Answer: Monogamous system.
55. When is the Qingming holiday ('the day of Clearness and Brightness' in the luna r calendar)? What are the ways and customs people like to follow on the day?
Answer: Around the 5th of the lunar April, people usually go to the tombs and grave s to pay respects to their passed away relatives, or go hiking on the outskirts, or fly kites.
56. The traditional Double Ninth Festival falls on the 9th day of the 9th lunar mon th in China. What is the festival now?
Answer: The festival for the elderly.
57. What is the last day of the lunar year in China?
Answer: The Eve of the lunar New Year, or the 30th of the 12 lunar month. (Danian s anshi).
58. During the Spring Festival, people often put up something on both sides of the gate to festoon the festival. What are they?
Answer: Spring Festival couplets.
59. Chinese people like to use some numbers to mean something good in daily life. W hat do these numbers six, eight and nine mean?
Answer: Six for smoothness, eight for fortune, and nine for longevity.
60. What do the "Seven Necessities of Life" mean in daily life? which are often ref erred to by Chinese people.
Answer: Firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy, vinegar and tea,
61. China began to use paper currency during the Song Dynasty, the first of its kin
d in th
e world. What was this kind o
f currency called at that time?
Answer: Jiaozi.
62. Who was the scientist in the Ming Dynasty, who had learned Western science, tra nslated Elements (几何原本) and compiled Complete Treatise on Agriculture (农政全书)?
Answer: Xu Gunangqi.
63. Chinese people in ancient times used sheets of bamboo as writing media. It is c alled ?(Picture: Bamboo slip)
Answer: Bamboo slip.
64. What is "帛书"? (Picture: Book copied on silk)
Answer: It is the book written on the silk by ancient Chinese.
65. Who made China's first airplane?
Answer: Feng Ru (1883-1912)，born in Enping, Guangdong. He designed and produced an airplane and succeeded in a test fly in 1909.
66. One way of traditional Chinese medicine to treat patients is to put filiform ne edles into their body according to certain acupoints. What method is it called?
Answer: Acupuncture and moxibustion.
67. Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases (伤寒杂病论) was written by in the Han Dynasty who was honored by later generations as a "Master Doctor"?
Answer: Zhang Zhongjing.
68. Sun Simiao, a well-known physician of the Tang Dynasty, compiled a collection o
f traditional Chinese herbal medicines, providin
g more than 6000 doses of prepared prescription, honored by Taoists as "King of Medicines", what is the name of the co llection?
Answer: Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Prices of Gold (千金药方)
69. Li Shizhen, medical scientist of the Ming Dynasty, spent 30 years to compile a huge work, which introduced 1892 kinds of traditional Chinese herbal medicines. Thi s work is called .
Answer: Compendium of Materia Medica
70. Xu Xiake, Chinese traveler and geologist of the Ming Dynasty, had made inspecti on tours of 16 provinces across China in 34 years, and jotted down whatever he saw everyday. He finally wrote a book, known as the best geographic travelogue in ancie nt China. This book is .
Answer: Xu Xiake's Travel Notes (徐霞客游记)
71. What were the ancient China's four great inventions?
Answer: The compass, gunpowder, papermaking and printing.
72. China's first anthology of ancient poetry is __________; with 305 poems collect ed, it is also known as "Three Hundred Poems."
Answer: Shi Jing. (The Book of Songs)
73. What is the typical work of the great poet Qu Yuan during the Warring States pe riod?
Answer: Li Sao, Chuci. (The Lamenti, The elegies of Chu.).
74. Fill in the blank: China boasts a wealth of ancient mythology, of which the lar gest number of mythologies appeared in the ___________.
Answer: Shan Hai Jing. (The Classic of Mountains and Rivers)
75. In each stage of its development, Chinese literature boasted a specific type of literary form marking the highest achievement of its own. Please connect with line s the following literary forms with their corresponding stage.
Han Dynasty Poetry
Tang Dynasty Prose-poetry (赋)
Song Dynasty Zaju (杂剧)
Ming & Qing dynasties Ci (词)
Yuan Dynasty Novel
Answer:
Han Dynasty ———— prose-poetry
Tang Dynasty ———— Poetry
Song Dynasty ———— Ci
Ming & Qing dynasties ———— novel
Yuan Dynasty ———— Zaju
76. There was a great poet of the Tang Dynasty known as a "banished immortal" poet. Who is he?
Answer: Li Bai.
77. There was a great poet of the Tang Dynasty whose poems are regarded as "history of poetry." Who is the poet?
Answer: Du Fu.
78. Who is the writer of the long narrative poems Changhenge and Pipa Xing?
Answer: Bai Juyi.
79. What is the name of a novel in which the Monkey King is the main character? Who is its author?
Answer: Journey to the West, Wu Cheng'en.
80. The classical Chinese novel Journey to the West written in the vernacular is ba sed on the story of Monk Xuanzang's pilgrimage to the western Tianzhu in search of the Buddhist scriptures. Which place does "Tianzhu" refer to?
A.Ancient Arabia
B. Ancient India
C. Ancient Persia,
D. Ancient Rome
Answer: B. Ancient India.
81. Wu Song and Song Jiang are characters in a famous novel, what is the name of th
e novel? Who is the writer o
f the novel?
Answer: Outlaws of the Marshes, Shi Nai'an.
82.What is the name of a novel in which Zhu Geliang and Cao Cao are characters?
Answer: The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
83. What was the first novel written in the vernacular in the modern history of Chi nese literature? What is the name of the author?
Answer: The Diary of a Madman, by Lu Xun.
84. In which novel did Lu Xun depict an intellectual who was deeply influenced and defiled by the feudal civil service recruitment examination system and eventually h ad to make a living on stealing books?
Answer: Kong Yiji.
85. Who is the writer of the saga novels, The Rickshaw Boy, Four Generations under One Roof, and the dramas Teahouse, Longxugou, etc.?
Answer: Lao She.
86. Who created the Turbulent current Trilogy which is composed of Family, Spring, and Autumn?
Answer: Ba Jin.
87. Who is the author of the Rural Trilogy (Spring Silkworm, Autumn Harvest, and Re mnant Winter)?
Answer: Mao Dun.
88. Goddess is the typical work of China's new poetry movement. Who is the author o
f this work?
Answer: Guo Moruo.
89. Who is the most influential swordsmen fiction writer from the 1950s up to now i n Hong Kong?
Answer: Jinyong. (Picture)
90. In China's contemporary literature, Zhu Ziqing is a famous prose writer whose m ost renown work are _______, Bei Ying, (My Father's Receding Figure) etc.
Answer: He Tang Yue Se
91. Connect the following writers to their works.
Mao Dun Letter to the Little Readers
Yang Shuo The Song of the Poplar
Bing Xin The Honey of Litchi
Answer:
Mao Dun ———— Song of Poplar
Yang Shuo ———— Honey of Lichi
Bing Xin ———— Letter to the Little Reader
92. What are the unified and set standards for the phonetic transcriptions of Chine se characters?
Answer: Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet.
93. The Chinese people often call themselves "the offspring of Yan and Huang." What does "yan" and "huang" refer to?
Answer: Emperor Yandi and Emperor Huangdi.
94. Please connect the heroes in China's historical legends to their corresponding stories.
Pan Gu Created Chinese characters
Nvwa Separated heaven from earth
Cangjie Created human beings
Answer:
Pan Gu ———— Separated heaven from earth
Nvwa ———— Created human beings
Cangjie ———— Created Chinese characters
95. Who was the most famous philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period?
Answer: Confucius.
96. What was the military (social and political) system of the Manchu nationality i n the Qing Dynasty?
Answer: The Eight Banners System.
97. Who was the leader of the peasant rebel army that attacked Beijing and ended th
e Ming Dynasty?
Answer: Li Zicheng.
98. In the history of China there was a famous national hero who defeated the Dutch colonists in 1662 and reoccupied Taiwan. What is his name?
Answer: Zheng Chenggong.
99. In the modern history of China, one of the peasant uprisings was known as the l argest in scale and the longest in duration? Which one was it and who was its leade r?
Answer: Kingdom of Heavenly Peace; Hong Xiuquan.
100. In 1898, Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty ordered to carry out the Constitu tional Reform and Modernization. What was this incidence called in history?
Answer: Hundred Day's Reform. Or Reform Movement of 1898.
101. What was the mass organization fighting against the Eight-power Allied Forces in Beijing and Tianjin?
Answer: Yihetuan. Or Boxers Uprising
102. The Revolution of 1911 in the modern history of China succeeded to overthrow t he rule of the Qing Dynasty and established the Republic of China. Who was the firs t provisional President of the Republic of China?
Answer: Sun Yat-sen (Sun Wen).
103. In the contemporary and modern history of China, there were quite a number of famous personalities, who had studied abroad, please connect their names below to t he countries where they had studied.
Deng Xiaoping USA
Lu Xun Japan
Song Qingling France
Answer:
Deng Xiaoping ———— France
Lu Xun ———— Japan
Song Qingling ———— USA
104. Which is the largest museum in China?
Answer: The Palace Museum of Beijing.
105. When was Tiananmen first built?
Answer: During the Ming Dynasty.
106. What does "three friends in winter" refer to in Chinese paintings?"
Answer: The pine, bamboo and plum.
107. In the various styles of Chinese boxing, some are characterized by slow moveme nts, soft and tactful. What is the typical of them? When did such style of boxing f irst appear?
Answer: Taijiquan. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty.
108. How many scripts are there in Chinese calligraphy?
Answer: seal characters, official script, running script, cursive script, and regul ar script. (Picture)
109. There was a famous calligrapher honored as the "Great Master Calligrapher" in the Jin Dynasty who had written the Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection (兰亭序). What was his name?
Answer: Wang Xizhi.
110. Who were the four famous script calligraphers of ancient China?
Answer: Ouyang Xun, Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan, and Zhao Mengfu.
111. The Sui and Tang dynasties saw the zenith of classical painting in China, toge ther with a number of talented painters coming forth, who of them was honored as th e "Master Painter" of the Tang Dynasty?
Answer: Wu Daozi.
112. The best-known Festival of Pure Brightness on the River (清明上河图) presents a vivid picture of the bustling marketplace on the banks of the Bian River of Kaife ng city, reflecting every aspect of the social life in the Northern Song Dynasty. W ho was its painter?
Answer: Zhang Zeduan.
113. Classical Chinese music is still developing in the modern world. The famous so lo music Erquanyingyue (The Second Moon-Reflecting Spring) played with Erhu (a two-string musical instrument) is one of them. Who is the writer?
Answer: Hua Yanjun (A Bing)
114. Please link up the following names of location to their respective famous arch itecture.
Nanchang city Yellow Crane Tower
Yueyang city Tengwang Pavilion
Wuchang city Yueyang Tower
Answer:
Nanchang city ———— Tengwang Pavilion
Yueyang city ———— Yueyang Tower
Wuchang city ———— Yellow Crane Tower
115. Please connect the following minorities to their respective major festivals: Yi Song Festival
Dai Lesser Bairam
Hui Torchlight Festival
Zhuang Water-Sprinkling Festival
Mongol Nadam Fair
Answer:
Yi ———— Torchlight Festival
Dai ———— Water-Sprinkling Festival
Hui ———— Lesser Bairam
Zhuang ———— Song Festival
Mongol ———— Nadam Fair
116. Please link up with a line to the traditional food of each nationality? Pickles Mongol
Hand-dealing mutton Manchu
Mutton cubes roasted on skewers (kebabs) Korean
Saqima (sachima) Uygur
Answer:
Pickles ———— Korean
Hand-dealing mutton ———— Mongol
Mutton cubes roasted on skewers (kebabs) ———— Uygur
Saqima (sachima) ———— Manchu
117. Please point out the playing forms of the following Chinese Folk Musical Instr uments according to the playing ways of blowing, pulling, plucking and striking or beating:
Xiao, Flute, Suona, Erhu, Jinghu, Banhu, Guzheng, Guqin, Pipa, gong, and Drum
Answer: Blowing —— Xiao, Flute, Suona
Pulling —— Erhu, Jinghu, Banhu
Plucking —— Guzheng, Guqin, Pipa
Striking —— gong, drum
118. The performers of Peking Opera are classified into four categories of roles: S heng, Dan, Jing and Chou, please link each of them up to their respective role they play.
Sheng (生) male role
Dan (旦) female role
Jing (净) Painted face; male role, a man of virility or known as hualian
Chou (丑) male role, a clown, a man of humorous or nimble-witted or deceitful and insidious character
Answer: Sheng ———— Male role (laosheng, bearded or middle-aged gentleman; xiao sheng, young scholar, and wusheng, a military man or valiant)
Dan ———— Female role (qingyi, young or middle-aged woman; huadan, a perky, bold and unconventional woman; wudan, a military maiden; laodan, an old woman)
Jing ———— Painted face: Male role, a man of virility, also known as hualian
Chou ———— Male role, a man of humorous or nimble-witted or deceitful and insidi ous character.
5. Connect with lines the following persons to their respective school of thought a nd academic works.
Confucius Confucian The Analects of Confucius
Laozi Taoist The Way and Its Power
Mozi Mohist Hanfeizi
Hanfeizi Legalist The Book of Mozi
Answer:
Confucius —— Confucian —— The Analects of Confucius
Laozi —— Taoist —— Classic of the Way and Virtue
Mozi —— Mohist —— The Book of Mozi
Hanfeizi —— Legalist —— Hanfeizi
119. Connect with lines the name of the books to their authors :
Shi Ji (Records of Historian) Ban Gu
Zi Zhi Tong Jian (Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government) Fan Ye Han Shu (Chronicles of the Han Dynasty) Sima Guang
Hou Han Shu (History of the Latter Han Dynasty) Sima Qian
Answer:
Shi Ji ———— Sima Qian
Zi Zhi Tong Jian ———— Sima Guang
Han Shu ———— Ban Gu
Hou Han Shu ———— Fan Ye
四、E laborate Answer Questions 20%
五、开放式问题。Open Questions（10%）