高中英语译林版选修8教学案Unit 3 Section 2 Word版含答案
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The children were having fun, chasing each other's shadows (影子)．
2．Society should create a system of rewards (奖励) and punishments to encourage good behavior.
3．We can reach a consensus (共识) on this matter because we have much in common to cooperate.
4．As the birthplace (出生地) of Lu Xun, Shaoxing holds great importance to many Chinese and has long been a famous tourist attraction.
5．Steven's mother taught him music and often took him to concerts, art galleries (展览馆), and operas.
6．The pond (池塘) full of various kinds of fish will be available to visitors tomorrow morning.
7．You'd better fill up the tank (箱) with oil, or you might use up the fuel halfway.
8．The large drop in industrial output (产量) this year came as a big shock to the local government.
9．Lucy has a(n) acute (敏锐的) eye for fashion, which makes her a very good shopping companion.
10．Some people say beauty itself is abstract (抽象的). Do you agree?
11．It was his brother who committed (犯罪) the murder.
12．Television is a very efficient medium (媒介，媒体) for spreading information.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．Spain n．西班牙→Spanish adj. &n．西班牙人(的)；西班牙语(的)
2．architecture n．建筑；建筑学→architect n．建筑师
3．calculate v t.&v i.计算，推测→calculation n．计算；推算
[巧记单词]
Ⅲ.补全短语
1．more than 超过
2．settle in定居于
3．a variety of多种多样的
4．act as当作
5．upwards of在……以上，大于；超过
6．be off to 动身去……
7．relate ... to ... 与……相关
8．work out计算出
9．take on招收
10．put on展出
1．[教材原句]As you know, I am with my aunt and grandmother.
你知道的，我是跟姑妈和奶奶一起来的。
[句型点拨]as引导的非限制性定语从句。
[佳句赏析]As everyone knows, there will be a speech competition on environment protection between Class One and our class.
大家都知道，一班和我们班之间将进行一场有关环保问题的演讲比赛。
2．[教材原句]By popular consensus, this is the most valuable painting in the world —it is impossible to calculate what price it would fetch if it ever came on the market.
举世公认，这幅画是世界上最珍贵的油画作品——如果把这幅画放到市场上，很难估算它的价值。
[句型点拨]“It is＋adj.＋to do sth.”句型。
[佳句赏析]No matter how fast you run, it is impossible for you to catch up with him.
无论你跑得多快，你都不可能赶上他。
1．(教材P34)He experimented with different styles of painting, but was most famous for his work in Cubism, which often uses acute angles and where the world is represented as being constructed of cubes and rectangles.
他尝试过多种不同的绘画风格，但尤以立体派作品著称。立体派常常运用锐角，在立体派画作中世界被视为由立方体和长方形构成。
be famous for (＝ be known for) 因……而著名
①This actor is famous not only for his talent but also for his kindness.
这位演员很出名，不仅因为演技好，而且因为他心地善良。
be famous/known as作为……而出名(as后接表示职业、身份等的名词)
be known to为……所知/熟知(介词to后接sb.; famous不用于该结构)
②She was more famous as a writer than as a singer.
她作为作家比作为歌手名声更大。
③He is_known_to_all in our village, for he is ready to help others.
我们村子里的人都知道他，因为他乐于助人。
[语境串记]The young man is famous/known as a singer and he is most famous/known for singing popular songs which are known to many teenagers.
这个年轻人作为一名歌手而出名，他主要是因唱流行歌曲而出名的，这些歌曲为很多青少年所熟知。
2．(教材P34)By popular consensus, this is the most valuable painting in the world —it is impossible to calculate what price it would fetch if it ever came on the market.
举世公认，这幅画是世界上最珍贵的油画作品——如果这幅画在市场上出售，很难估算它的价值。
calculate vt.& vi.计算，推算；计划，安排；指望
①Please wait a moment while I calculate your bill.
请稍等片刻，我马上就把您的账单结算出来。
(1)calculate (that) ...估算/推测……
(2)be calculated to do sth. 打算，故意做某事
(3)calculate on sb./sth. 指望某人/某物
②I calculate_that we will reach London at about 3 pm.
我估计我们大约在下午3点到达伦敦。
③This advertisement is calculated to_attract (attract) the attention of housewives.
这个广告旨在吸引家庭主妇们的注意力。
④We calculate_on having fine weather for the sports meeting.
我们指望开运动会时有一个好天气。
3．(教材P34)Besides the works of da Vinci, the Louvre Museum has more than 6,000 other European paintings, ranging from the 13th century to the 19th century.
除了达·芬奇的作品，卢浮宫还藏有6
000多幅其他欧洲画家的画作，时间跨度从13世纪到19世纪。
range vi.(在……范围内)变化；变动；排列；涉及n.种类；范围；一系列；山脉
(1)range from ... to ...从……到……之间变化
range between ... and ... 在……之间变化
range in age/size from ... to ...
年龄/尺寸范围在……之间
(2)in/within range 在可及的范围/射程内
out of range 在范围外
a wide range of 各种各样的
①The room rate at this hotel ranges_from $30 to $50 per day.
这个旅馆的房价每天从30美元到50美元不等。
②They kept on firing before the enemies were out_of_range.
趁敌人还在射程之内，他们继续射击。
③We offer a_wide_range_of holidays to choose from.
我们提供各种旅游度假方式以供选择。
4．(教材35)With Impressionism, the painter abandons the idea of representing things exactly as they look in a photograph, but seeks to show movement and the feelings of the moment, through the use of colours, light and shadows.
在印象派时期，画家摒弃了把事物展示的就跟照片上一样的想法，想通过颜色、光线以及阴影的应用来展示物体的运动和绘画时瞬间的感受。
shadow n.阴影，影子；阴暗处
①The tree threw a long shadow in the moonlight.
月光下，那棵树投下长长的影子。
cast a shadow on给……投下阴影
under the shadow of 在……的阴影中
in shadow 在阴暗处
②His father's sudden death in the accident cast a shadow on him.
他父亲在事故中突然死亡给他的心灵蒙上了一层阴影。
③These people have been living for years under_the_shadow_of fear.
这些人多年来一直生活在恐惧的阴影中。
④He turned away from her, his face in_shadow.
他扭过头去背着她，脸在暗处。
5．(教材P35)Unfortunately, although van Gogh committed his whole being to painting, he received little reward for his effort.
不幸的是，虽然凡·高全身心地投入到绘画中，但他的努力没有得到多少回报。
commit vt. & vi.全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证
(1)commit oneself to (doing) sth.
＝be committed to (doing) sth.全身心做某事；承诺/保证做某事
commit a(n) mistake/error 犯错误
commit a crime 犯罪
commit suicide 自杀
(2)commitment n. 承诺；许诺；奉献；投入
make a commitment to do sth.保证/承诺做某事
commitment to 对……的奉献/投入
①He didn't commit himself to anything on that matter.
他没有对那件事做出任何承诺。
②From then on, I committed myself to_losing_weight and getting into shape.
从那以后，我决心减肥，恢复正常体形。
③I felt I did not have to make such a commitment (commit) to you.
我觉得我没有必要对你作出这样的承诺。
reward n.回报，报酬，奖励vt.奖励，给以报酬
(1)in reward (for)作为(对……的)报答或奖赏
as a reward for 作为……的报酬/奖赏
(2)reward sb. for (doing) sth.
为(做)某事而报答某人
reward sb. with sth. 用某物奖赏某人
④It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.
他工作很辛苦，报酬却很少，这不公平。
⑤As_a_reward_for her passing the test, her parents bought her a new bike.
作为对她考试及格的奖赏，父母给她买了一辆自行车。
⑥We reward_him_for_finding our lost dog.
他找回了我们丢失的狗，我们因此报答了他。
⑦He made great contributions to the local education and was_rewarded_with the title “Saluting Rural Teacher”．
他对当地教育做出了巨大贡献因而被授予“最美乡村教师”的称号。
6．(教材P35)Today, van Gogh's paintings are worth upwards of millions of dollars each.
现如今，梵·高每幅作品的价值都在数百万美元以上。
upwards of (＝ upward of)在……以上，大于，超过
For safety's sake, don't drive upwards_of 30 kilometers per hour in the city.
为了安全起见，在市内开车时速不要超过三十公里。
[名师点津]upwards of 相当于over或more than，后接数词。
7．(教材P35)Tomorrow we are off to another museum in Amsterdam.
明天我们将动身去另一个在阿姆斯特丹的博物馆。
be off to ...动身去……，以……开始
①The next day he was off to Beijing where he hoped to find a job.(＝ The next day he left for Beijing where he hoped to find a job.)
第二天他动身去北京，希望在那里找份工作。
go off离开；爆炸；发出响声
leave off 停止
fall off 从……掉下来
take off 起飞；脱下；事业成功
turn/switch off 关闭
②The thieves ran away when the alarm went_off.
警报器一响，小偷就逃走了。
③Let's leave_off here for lunch.
吃午饭了，就到此为止吧。
[联想发散] 表示“动身去，启程去”的短语还有哪些？
set_off_to,_set_out_for,_leave_for
8．As you know, I am with my aunt and grandmother.
你知道的，我是跟姑妈和奶奶一起来的。
as you know是非限制性定语从句，意为“正如你所知道的”。
(1)as引导的非限制性定语从句位置很灵活，可放在句首、句中，也可以放在句末；as在定语从句中是关系代词，作主语、表语或宾语，含有“正如”之意。
①As is known to us all, China has developed rapidly in the past few years.
众所周知，中国近几年发展迅速。
②As_everyone_knows,_Huangyan Island in the South China Sea belongs to China.
众所周知，南海中的黄岩岛属于中国。
(2)as引导限制性定语从句时，常用于the same as, such ... as等搭配中。
③Zhang Jike is such an excellent table tennis player as many fans are crazy about.
张继科是一名如此棒的乒乓球运动员，以至于许多球迷都为他着迷。
[名师点津]which也可以代替整个主句内容，引导非限制性定语从句，但不可放在句首，其含义也不同，表示“这是……”。
④He had been admitted to Peking University, which_made_us_all_surprised.
他被北京大学录取了，这让我们所有人都感到很意外。
9．By popular consensus, this is the most valuable painting in the world —it is impossible to calculate what price it would fetch if it ever came on the market.
举世公认，这幅画是世界上最珍贵的油画作品——如果把这幅画放到市场上，很难估算它的价值。
句中it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语to calculate what price it would fetch。
①It is very polite not to speak loudly in public.
在公共场合不大声说话是非常礼貌的。
[语法拓展]
it作形式主语的常见句型：
(1)It is＋adj.＋that ...
(2)It's ＋adj.＋(not) to do sth.
(3)It is＋adj. ＋for/of sb. to do sth.
②It_is_certain_that free medical care will be given to most people in our city.
我们城市的大多数人将享受免费医疗，这是确信无疑的。
③It_is_very_easy_for_him_to deal with such a thing.
处理这样的事情对他来说是很容易的。
④It's_clever_of_you_to_answer this question correctly.
你真聪明，正确回答了这个问题。
[名师点津]在It is＋adj.＋for/of sb. (not) to do sth.结构中，若形容词是描述动词不定式行为者的性格、品质的，动词不定式短语之前用of sb.；若形容词仅仅是说明不定式的特性，动词不定式短语之前用for sb.。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The school rewarded him with a prize for his excellent studies.
2．He found it difficult to support a family, for upwards of $40 was spent on food every day.
3．Committed (commit) to providing better services, the company will provide net users with all the information they need.
4．They have achieved a consensus that if the company is set up, he will own the share of 15%.
5．The loss has not yet been_calculated (calculate) accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond one hundred million dollars.
6．The prices of the shoes range from $25 to $100.
7．As I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.
8．The more I thought of the interview and recalled the detail of it, the more certain it appeared that I would be offered the job.
9．We are off to Qingdao tomorrow and want to make an early start.
10．Such food as they gave us was hardly fit to eat.
11．His movie won several awards at the film festival, which was beyond his wildest dream.
12．What he has said is more than I can understand.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．He had_an_output_of (有……的输出量) over 20,000 pieces of art in his life,
some of which are still shown in galleries.
2．The company gave him a car in_reward_for (作为……奖励) his contributions to the company.
3．It_is_impossible_to_finish_the_task (完成工作是不可能的) within five days.
4．He committed_himself_to (致力于) his work and cared little about his reward.
5．In the past few years, he has developed a lot of interests, ranging_from_playing_chess_to_canoeing (从下棋到划独木舟)．
6．I'm trying to figure_out (计算出) how much this painting will cost.
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示，选用练习Ⅱ中的句子完成语段训练
达·芬奇是意大利艺术家，他于1503年至1506年创作了《蒙娜丽莎》这幅画。该画非常珍贵，价格难以估算。他全心全意投入到工作中，很少在意回报。他一生的创作超过两万件，其中一些仍在画廊中展出。我们盼望着能有机会欣赏他的作品。
Da Vinci was an Italian artist, who created the MonaLisa painting in 1503～1506, which is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate. He committed himself to his work and cared little about his reward. He had an output of over 20,000 pieces of art in his life, some of which are still shown in galleries. We are looking forward to having a chance to appreciate his works.
[对应学生课下能力提升(九)]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We are off to a new city for a holiday next month.
2．This factory produced much dirty water, which resulted in a wide range of environmental problems.
3．He is known to the police for his previous criminal record.
4．Little John hardly got anything in reward for his kind act, which made him unhappy.
5．It was hot, and we decided to walk in the shadow of the wall.
Ⅱ.选词填空
错误!
1．A computer of the model costs upwards_of 6,000 yuan.
2．The museum has a lot of famous paintings ranging_from the 13th century to the
19th century.
3．Typical_of Chinese, he is kind, hard-working and determined.
4．Tom, along with his friends, has_been_off_to the art gallery. He'll be back in two hours.
5．He wanted to experiment more with different textures in his painting.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．他因守时而出名，因此我们不知道这次他迟到的原因。
He is_famous_for_his_being_on_time,_so we don't know the reason for his being late this time.
2．高考对于学生们来说不仅十分重要，还很有挑战性。
The College Entrance Examination is more_than_important_to_the_students,_and it's also challenging.
3．在短时间内学好一门外语是不可能的。
It_is_impossible_to_learn a foreign language in a short time.
4．正如所预料的，他考试又没及格。
As_had_been_expected,_he failed the exam again.
Ⅳ.完形填空
Now Korean food is popular among Chinese people. As it is well-balanced and low in calories, some people __1__ claim that you can eat as much Korean food as you like without __2__ weight.
“Kimchi (泡菜)”is the __3__ known Korean food. It is a vegetable dish, highly seasoned with pepper, garlic, etc. It is served with every kind of Korean meals and helps __4__ the appetite. Large quantities of “kimchi” are usually made in late fall or early winter. “Kimchi” __5__ amounts of good nutrients, __6__ vitamin C and fibre.
__7__ vegetable dishes are also popular in South Korea. The South Koreans traditionally eat __8__ vegetables with rice in main meals than meats, and the vegetable dishes are various in kinds and tastes. They call dishes __9__ from only vegetables “namool”．
South Koreans also __10__ meat dishes. “Pulgoki (烤肉)”is one of the famous dishes to Westerners. “Pulgoki” is __11__ called “Korean barbecue”. It is marinated (腌) in a sauce made from soy sauce (酱油), garlic, sugar, sesame oil (麻油), and other seasonings
(调味料), and __12__ over a fire in front of the table.
Soups are important in South Koreans' daily life. Through the history, the soup culture was __13__ because of the starvation or cold weather. When their ancestors were __14__ of food, they made soup __15__ small amount of vegetables and beef bones. __16__ the hot soup could play a role in protecting the persons from the __17__.
Generally, the Korean diet uses much grain and vegetables which add fibre and protein. Korean food has moderate calories and __18__ fat and sweet taste — very __19__ and well-balanced. __20__ the Western-style diet is more and more famous in South Korea in terms of curiosity and convenience, the basic diet remains.
1．A.ever B．even
C．greedily D．casually
解析：选B上文说韩国食物营养均衡且热量低。所以此处应该是很多人甚至宣称可以尽兴吃，而不用考虑增重的问题。只有B项符合句意。
2．A.gaining B．losing
C．reducing D．consuming
解析：选A解析见上题。
3．A.worst B．least
C．best D．most
解析：选C根据常识及下文的内容我们看出韩国泡菜是最出名的。
4．A.destroy B．transform
C．strengthen D．stimulate
解析：选D本句讲述的是韩国泡菜的好处，所以应该是韩国泡菜很开胃，能增进人的食欲。
5．A.contains B．holds
C．includes D．accommodates
解析：选A从下文可以看出泡菜营养丰富，含有多种营养成分。
6．A.for example B．such as
C．except for D．but for
解析：选B下文提到维生素C和纤维，应该是列举韩国泡菜中包含的营养成
分。
7．A.Some B．Many
C．Other D．Another
解析：选C从上文我们可以知道韩国人喜欢蔬菜，因为泡菜就是用蔬菜制作的。本段的食物也是蔬菜制作的，所以讲述的是另外一些蔬菜制品。
8．A.less B．little
C．few D．more
解析：选D上文提到韩国人的饮食很健康，所以韩国人应该是吃蔬菜比肉多。
9．A.made B．come
C．dated D．formed
解析：选A他们称用蔬菜制作的菜肴为“namool”。be made from ...意为“用……制作”。
10．A.hate B．like
C．eat D．owe
解析：选B上文说韩国人喜欢蔬菜，这里提到“韩国人也……荤菜”，应选择like。
11．A.often B．seldom
C．generally D．justifiably
解析：选C西方饮食中的烤肉在韩国通常被叫做Korean barbecue。
12．A.mixed B．boiled
C．heated D．cooked
解析：选D从上文可以看出韩国烤肉先要经过腌制，然后再放到火上烹调。
13．A.started B．ended
C．developed D．made
解析：选C一个民族的饮食文化应该是在历史中慢慢发展起来的。
14．A.rich B．short
C．full D．abundant
解析：选B汤和别的菜相比所用的原材料较少，所以应该是在食物短缺的时候做的。
15．A.out of B．into
C．up of D．by
解析：选A在食物短缺的时候，人们用少量的蔬菜和牛骨头熬汤。make ... out of ...意为“用……制作……”。
16．A.Too B．Either
C．Also D．Neither
解析：选C上文提到了汤的优点之一是用料少，此处是汤的另一个优点，所以选择also。
17．A.heat B．cold
C．cool D．weather
解析：选B根据常识我们知道汤的另一个优点就是能抵御寒冷。
18．A.ample B．moderate
C．common D．low
解析：选D从上一句我们看出韩国菜的特点是蔬菜多、谷物多，所以韩国菜含脂肪少，也就是低脂肪。
19．A.unhealthy B．harmful
C．healthy D．delicious
解析：选C从上文韩国菜的优点我们知道韩国菜是很健康的菜。
20．A.Because B．If
C．Although D．As
解析：选C下句说韩国菜仍然受到人们的欢迎，本句说西式菜肴越来越流行，两句之间应该是转折关系。故此处选择转折连词although。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Saya, a teacher, doesn't mind being disturbed or stolen, or if the students play in class: she's an android (机器人) designed to show children that science and technology can be fun subjects.
Saya, a life-like female who started her career as a robot receptionist at Japanese companies and was then reprogrammed to teach, gave a lesson to fifth-graders at Tokyo's Kudan Elementary School after being carried to the podium (讲台)．
Professor Hiroshi Kobayashi of Tokyo University of Science, who built Saya, says she's not meant to replace human teachers, just to highlight the joys of technology.
“We are not looking at making something that will take over from teachers, but rather our main reason for building this robot is to use new technology to teach children about
technology，”Kobayashi told Reuters. But Saya may be able to help in schools where there is a shortage of teachers, he added.
“In the countryside and in some small schools, there are children who do not have the opportunity to come into contact with new technology and also there are few teachers out there that can teach these lessons，”Kobayashi said.
“So we hope to be able to develop this robot so it can be remotely (远程地) controlled to teach these classes.”
Many of the children were memorized by Saya, and did not take their eyes off her throughout the lecture. When class was over, some students poked (拨弄) her face and pinched her.
“It's so much more fun than regular classes，”said 10-year-old Nanako Iijima.
The children's human teacher, however, was not as impressed with the robot as her students.
“On the one hand I am impressed that they've got robots to go this far, but on the other hand they still have a long way to research before they create a truly robotic teacher，”Akito Fukuda, the school's science teacher said.
Japan, home to almost half of the world's 800,000 industrial robots, expects the industry to expand to $10 billion in the future including models that can care for its fast-growing elderly population.
1．From the passage, we can know the robot Saya ________.
A．will be angry if the students play games
B．will replace human teachers in Japan
C．is a truly robotic teacher
D．can get children to develop interest in science and technology
解析：选D细节理解题。根据文章叙述可知：A项中机器人不会生气；B项中机器人不会取代老师；C项中现在的莎娅不是一个真正的机器人，由第一段可知答案选D项。
2．What do Akito Fukuda's statements mean in the tenth paragraph?
A．Japan will never create a true robotic teacher in the future.
B．Saya is a perfect robotic teacher.
C．Japan has made great progress in robotic technology but also need much effort to improve.
D．Akito Fukuda is fond of Saya the same as students.
解析：选C推理判断题。根据文章“On the one hand ... on the other hand ...”的叙述可知：一方面机器人研究取得了成绩，另一方面机器人科技还有很长的路要走。故答案选C项。
3．Which of the following statements is WRONG?
A．Saya's first job was a robot receptionist at Japanese companies.
B．Almost half of the world's industrial robots are in Japan.
C．Saya's class is more interesting than common teachers' class in students' opinion.
D．The main purpose of the robot teacher is helping students learn lessons.
解析：选D细节理解题。根据文中第四段“our main reason for building this robot is to use new technology to teach children about techology”可知D项不正确；其余文中都有叙述。故答案选D项。
4．What is the best title of the passage?
A．The High Technology of Japan
B．The First Class Given by Saya, a Robot
C．The Study of Tokyo's Kudan Elementary School
D．A True Robotic Teacher Was Made by Japan
解析：选B标题归纳题。根据整篇文章的叙述可知，本文主要围绕莎娅代课而展开的，故B项正确。A项太笼统；C项偏离主题；D项本身叙述就是错误的。故答案选B项。
Ⅵ.任务型阅读
Ways to improve your time management
Believe it or not, time management contributes to a healthy, balanced, positive, and peaceful life. Here are some ways of improving your time management.
Use a calendar or an agenda (议程表). Sometimes, seeing an actual schedule or a list of things we need to achieve is better than keeping it inside your head. 1.________ A simple way to avoid this mistake is to write everything down on a calendar or in a personal agenda.
Set your alarm. There are days when we become so wrapped up in something that we forget to get a meal！So use your alarm for simple reminders. For instance, at 12：30, go
for lunch; at 2 o'clock, go to meet Mom. 2.________
Find a balance. You are new to this job or college lifestyle and can not seem to find a balance in your social life, completing work, or just having some quality “me time”.
3.________ This will allow you to arrange your new life better. It may seem very difficult at first, but by the second week it will become the second nature.
4．________ We work and study so much that we do not even realize we are not taking time out for ourselves. We must discover what makes us feel relaxed, happy, and peaceful in order to prevent stress. Whether it is at the end of the week or middle, take time for yourself by thinking, watching your favorite show, or going to a great restaurant.
Discover what keeps you on task. 5.________ But then others might enjoy listening to music, watching TV, or snacking. Discover what keeps you on task yet will not distract you.
A．Make time for yourself.
B．These alarms can make your day run smoothly.
C．Too much work could lead to you living an unhealthy life.
D．Make a list of what is the most important and least important.
E．Instead, schedule a time to answer emails and return phone calls.
F．Working in silence may be the key to a productive working day for some.
G．There are times when we get so busy or tired that we forget to complete certain tasks.
答案：1～5GBDAF