词汇学模拟试卷1及答案

《英语词汇学》模拟试卷(一)

I. Choose the best answer and then put the letter of your choice in the given brackets. (30%)

1. The minimal meaningful units in English are known as ______.

A. roots

B. morphs

C. stems

D. morphemes

( )

2. The most important of all the features of the basic word stock is ______.

A. stability .

B. productivity

C. polysemy .

D. all national character ( )

3. Old English vocabulary was essentially ______ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.

A. Celtic .

B. Hellenic

C. Italic .

D. Germanic . ( )

4. In modern times, ______ is the most important way of vocabulary expansion.

A. borrowing

B. backformation

C. creation

D. semantic change ( )

5. The words “motel” and “comsat” are called ______.

A. blends

B. compounds

C. acronyms

D. initialisms . ( )

6. The word “teachers” contains three morphemes, but the word “shortenings” has ______ morphemes.

A. two

B. three

C. four

D. five

( )

7. Reference is the relationship between language and the ______.

A. concept

B. world

C. context .

D. sense ( )

8. Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example: ______.

A. dorm for “dormitory”

B. fond for “affectionate”

C. dish for “food”

D. TV for “television”

( )

9. The word “mouth” in the phrase “the mouth of a river” is regarded as a ______ motivated word.

A. morphologically

B. etymologically

C. onomatopoeically

D. semantically

( )

10. Words formed by acronymy can be divided into initialisms and acronyms depending on the ______ of the word.

A. pronunciation

B. spelling

C. function

D. meaning ( )

11. Frogs croak, but elephants ______.

A. neigh

B. squeak

C. bleat .

D. trumpet ( )

12. The antonyms “present” and “absent” are ______ terms.

A. relative

B. contrary

C. contradictory

D. graded ( )

13. The idiom “scream and shout” is a good example of ______.

A. reiteraton

B. alliteration

C. repetition

D. juxtaposition ( )

14. Ambiguity arises due to all the following except ______.

A. polysemy

B. synonymy

C. homonymy

D. structure ( )

15. The order of meanings in CCELD indicates the ______ changes of words.

A. grammatical

B. morphological

C. semantic

D. phonological ( )

II. Complete the following sentences with the proper words or expressions given in the course book. (15%)

1. A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given

__________________

and meaning and syntactic function.

2. English has evolved from a ____________________ language (Old English) to the present analytic language.

3. Affixes attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ___________________ morphemes.

4. A ________________ is known as the smallest functioning unit in the composition

of words.

5. Although reference is a kind of abstraction, yet with the help of _______________

it can refer to something specific.

6. The second major language known in England was the _________________ of the Roman Legions.

7. Conceptual meaning is also known as ____________________ meaning.

8. The relationship between sound and meaning is _________________ and

arbitrary.

9. Hyponymy deals with the relationship of __________________ inclusion.

10. The same word may have different ___________________ meanings as shown

in “do, does, did, done, doing.”

11. Synonyms may differ in the ___________________ and intensity of

meaning.

12. The word “famous” is ___________________, but the word

“notorious” is derogatory.

13. Characterized by semantic unity and ______________________ stability,

idioms do not allow changes as a rule.

14. Linguistic context can be subdivided into ____________________

context and grammatical context.

15. So far as the language is concerned, LDCE and CCELD published in

Britain are both _____________________ dictionaries.

III．Decide whether the following statements are true or false and then

put in the brackets the letter “T” if the statement is true or “F”

if it is false. (15%)

1. Morphemes are abstract units, which are realized in speech by discrete

units known as morphs.

( )

2. English words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary

by use frequency.

( )

3. Danish, Icelandic, Flemish and Norwegian are generally known as

Scandinavian languages.

( )

4. Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and pronouns are thought to be

content words, which are also known as notional words. ( )

5. The word “miniskirt” is a semantically motivated word.

( )

6. There is a reversative prefix in the word “unwrap”.

( )

7. The words “AIDS” and “UFO” are regarded as acronyms.

( )

8. There is an inflectional morpheme in the word “shorter”.

( )

9. Homonyms are generally defined as words different in meaning but

identical in sound and spelling. ( )

10. In the idiom “chop and change”, alliteration is used.

( )

11. The word “disease”originally meant “discomfort”, but now it means “illness”, so it has undergone degradation of

meaning. . ( )

12. Context may prove very valuable in guessing the meanings of new words.

( )

13. In some idioms, a constituent may be replaced by a word of the same

part of speech, only resulting in synonymous idioms. ( )

14. One of the unique features of CCELD is language notes.

( )

15. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs is a specialized dictionary. ( )

IV. .Answer the following questions. (20%)

1.What are the characteristics of Old English

2.What are the differences between a root and a stem

3.What is acronymy What is the difference between initialisms and

acronyms

4.What is the difference between conceptual meaning and associative

meaning

5.How is context classified

V. Analyze and comment on the following.

1. Analyze the morphological structures of the following words in terms of free morphemes and bound morphemes, and then explain the differences between the two kinds of morphemes.

idealistic antecedent lighthouses

2. Comment on the following two sentences in terms of superordinates and subordinates.

a. Trees surround the water near our summer place.

b. Old elms surround the lake near our summer cabin..

《英语词汇学》模拟试卷（—）

参考答案

I. 选择题

1. D

2. D

3. D

4. C

5. A

6. C

7. B

8. C

9. D 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C

II. 填空题

1. sound

2. synthetic

3. inflectional

4. morpheme

5, context 6. Latin 7. denotative 8.

conventional

9. semantic 10. grammatical 11. range 12. appreciative 13. structural 14. lexical 15. monolingual

III. 是非题

1. T

2. T

3. F

4. F

5. F

6. T

7. F

8. T

9. F

1o. T 11, F 12. T 13. F 14. F 15. T

IV. 问答题

1. Old English was mainly Anglo-Saxon spoken by the Germanic tribes

called Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. It had a vocabulary of about 50,000 to 60,000 words. It was a highly inflected language just like modern German. It was a synthetic language.

2. A root is the basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed

without total loss of identity. The root, whether free or bound,

generally carries the main component of meaning in a word. A stem may consist of a single root morpheme as in “cat”and “teach”or a root morpheme plus one or more affixational morphemes as in “foolish”and “unacceptable”. Therefore, a stem can be defined as a form to which affixes of any kind can be added, but a root is that part of a word form that remains when all inflectional and derivational affixes have been removed.

3. Acronymy is the process of forming new words by joining the initial

letters of names of social and political organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms, Words formed in this way are called

initialisms or acronyms, depending on the pronunciation of the words.

Initialisms are words pronounced letter by letter, but acronyms formed from initial letters are pronounced as normal words.

4. Conceptual meaning (also known as denotative meaning) is the

meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning.

Associative meaning is the secondary meaning supplemented to the

conceptual meaning. Conceptual meaning, being constant and relatively stable, forms the basis for communication as the same word has the same conceptual meaning to all the speakers of the same language, but

associative meaning, being open-ended and indeterminate, is liable to the influence of such factors as culture, experience, religion, and

so on.

5. Context is used in different senses. In a narrow sense, it refers

to the words, clauses, sentence, in which a word appears. This is known as linguistic context which may cover a paragraph, a whole chapter and even the whole book. In a broad sense, it includes the physical situation as well. This is called extra-linguistic context, which embraces the people, time, place, and even the whole cultural

background.

V．论述题

1. 1) Each of the three words consists of three morphemes: idealistic

(ideal + ist + ic), antecedent (ante + ced + ent), lighthouses (light + house + s).

2) Of the nine morphemes, “ideal”, “light” and “house” are

free morphemes, but all the rest –ist, -ic, ante-, -ced-, -ent and –s are bound morphemes. Of the six bound morphemes, -ist, -ic, ante- and –ent are derivational morphemes and –s is an inflectional morpheme, while –ced- is a bound root.

3) Free morphemes which are independent of other morphemes have

complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences, but bound morphemes which cannot occur as separate words are bound to others to form new words.

2. 1) The relationship between some words used in the two given

sentences is hyponymy.

2) In the first sentence, “trees”, “water” and “place” are

all superordinates while “old elms”, “lake” and “cabin” in the second sentence are all subordinates compared with the corresponding expressions in the previous sentence.

3) The second sentence is clearer than the first one because

subordinates are vivid, precise and concrete.

词汇学考试题目

词汇学考试题型 Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（2×15=30%） 1.In Old English there was _______ agreement between sound form.（） A. more B. little C. less D. gradual 2.Both LDCE and CCELD are _______.（） A. general dictionaries B. monolingual dictionaries C. both A and B D. neither A and B 3.The word "MINISKIRT" is _______.（） A. morphologically motivated B. etymologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. none of the above 4.The most important way of vocabulary development in present-day English is _______.（） A. borrowing B. semantic change C. creation of new words D. all the above 5.Beneralization is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become ________.（） A. generalized B. expanded C. elevated D. degraded 6.Some morphemes have _______ as they are realized by more than one morph according to their position in word.（） A. alternative morphs B. single morphs C. abstract units D. discrete units 7.Old English vocabulary was essentially _______ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.（） A. Italic B. Germanic C. Celtic D. Hellenic https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ac3051396.html,pounds are different from free phrases in all the following ways EXCEPT _______.（）

(完整版)全国英语词汇学(00832)高等教育自学考试试题与答案

全国高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（） A．meaning B．Sound C．combination of sounds D．Group 2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（） A．more slowly than B．As quickly as C．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as 3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notion C．origin D．sound 4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（） A．green revolution B．fast food C．moon walk D．space shuttle 5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need. （）A．form B．meaning C．look D．pronunciation 6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（） A．four B．fell C．for D．autumn 7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______. （）A．/t/ B．/g/ C．/p/ D．/k/ 英语词汇学试卷第 1 页共9 页

自考英语词汇学翻译精华整理

学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考 English Lexicology(英语词汇学) 1.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the morphological structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantic structures, relations, historical development, formation and usages.英语词汇学旨在调查和研究英语单词和单词的等价物的形态结构,其语义结构、关系、历史发展、形成和用法。 2.English Lexicology is correlated with such linguistic disciplines as morphology(形态学), semantics(语义学), etymology(词源学),stylistics（文体论）and lexicography(词典学) Chapter 1--Basic concepts of words and vocabulary 1.Word（词的定义）: A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function. (1)a minimal free form of a language (2)a sound unity (3)a unit of meaning (4)a form that can function alone in a sentence 词语是语言最小的自由形式，拥有固定的声音和意义以及句法作用。 2.Sound and meaning（声音与意义）: almost arbitrary, “no logical relationship between the sound which stands for a thing or an idea and the actual thing and idea itself”词语是一个符号，代表着世界上其他的事物。每种世界文化已经赞成一定的读音将代表一定的人，事，地方，特性，过程，行动，当然是在语言系统之外。这种象征性的联系几乎总是主观的，并且“在代表事物和思想的声音和实际的事物和思想之间没有法定关系” 3.Sound and form（读音和形式）:不统一的四个原因（1）the English alphabet was adopted from the Romans,which does not have a separate letter to represent each other内因是因为英语字母表采用罗马字母，罗马字母没有独立的字母代表每个读音，因此一些字母代表两个读音或者组合在一起发音。 （2）the pronunciation has changed more rapidly than spelling over the years另一个原因是发音比拼写的变化快，在一些时候还拉开了距离。在最近五百年里，尽管口语发音已经出现了显著的变化，却没有相应的拼写变化。 （3）some of the difference were created by the early scribes第三个原因是一些早期的书写员发明了一些不同。（4）the borrowings is an important channel of enriching the English vocabulary最后借词来了，这是丰富英语词汇的重要途径。 （5）printing印刷已经变得非常普及。它有助于固定单词的拼写、standardization标准化使得拼写不容改变。、dictionary字典在拼写终结中得到好处。 —Old English,The speech of the time was represented very much more faithfully in writing than it is today. 古代英语中的口语比今天更忠实的代表书面语 —The written form of English is an imperfect representation of the spoken form。英语的书写是发音形式不完善的代表 4.What is vocabulary？ （1）Total number of the words in a language一个语言的单词综合 （2）Words used in a particular historical period 特殊历史时期使用的单词 （3）All the words of a dialect，a book ，a discipline...某个方言，书籍，学科中的所有单词 5.Classification of English Words：英语词汇由所有种类的词汇组成。它们可以根据不同的标 准或者不同的目的进行分类。 By use frequency:basic word stock&nonbasic vocabulary根据使用频率，单词可以分为基础词和非基础词。 By notion:content words&functional words可以根据概念分成实词和虚词

00832英语词汇学1107全国试题

全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30 %) 1. Grammarians insist that a word be a __________ form that can function in a sentence. ( ) A. small B. large C. fixed D. free 2. In the earliest stage of English, the written form of a word should ________ that of the oral form. ( ) A. agree with B. disagree with C. be the same as D. be different from 3. ____________consists of technical terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas as in medicine, mathematics, etc. ( ) A. Terminology B. Jargon C. Slang D. Argot 4. Social, economic and political changes bring about such new words as the followings EXCEPT_________. ( ) A. fast food B. TV dinner C. Mao jackets D. Watergate 5. Reviving archaic words also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, “loan”, which was prevalent in the thirteenth century, was replaced by “ __________ ” in American English. ( ) A. own B. let C. rent D. lend 6. If we say that Old English was a language of __________ endings, Middle English was one of leveled endings. ( ) A. full B. short C. long D. paralleled 00832# 英语词汇学试卷第1页共6页

(完整版)英语词汇学试题

英语词汇学试题 Introduction and Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1） I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. 1.Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct. A. word B. form C. morpheme D. root 2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. A. Semantics B. Linguistics C. Etymology D. Stylistics 3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes. A. Greek B. Roman C. Italian D. Germanic 4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc. A. linguistic B. grammatical C. arbitrary D. semantic 5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effects A. situation B. context C. time D. place 6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference. A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic 7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas. A. technical B. artistic C. different D. academic 8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves. A. Slang B. Jargon C. Dialectal words D. Argot 9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words. A. Jargon B. Argot C. Dialectal words D. Slang 10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it. A. workers B. criminals C. any person D. policeman 11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. A. Argot B. Slang C. Jargon D. Dialectal words 12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use. A. common B. little C. slight D. great 13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings. A. new B. old C. bad D. good 14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals. A. functional B. notional C. empty D. formal 15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category. A. content B. notional C. empty D. new

英语词汇学课本与译文

Introduction 绪论 0.1 The nature and Domain of English lexicology 英语词汇学的定义及研究范围 Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and meanings of words. 词汇学是语言学的一个分支，研究词汇的起源和意义。 English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the morphological structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantic structures, relations, historical development, formation and usages. 英语词汇学研究英语词汇的形态结构、词的对应及其语义结构、词义关系、词的历史演变、词的构成及词的用法等。 English lexicology is a theoretically-oriented course. 英语词汇学是一门理论性课程。 It is chiefly concerned with the basic theories of words in general and of English words in particular. 该课程主要论述词汇学的基本理论，特别是英语词汇的理论知识。 However, it is a practical course as well, for in the discussion, we shall inevitably deal with copious stocks of words and idioms, and study a great many usage examples. 但是，英语词汇学也是一门实践性课程，在该书的论述中，我们将遇到大量的词汇和习语，学习大量词汇用法实例。 Naturally, there will be a large quantity of practice involved. 当然，同时还要接触到大量的词汇练习。 0.2 Its Relation to Other Disciplines 英语词汇学与其它学科的关系 English lexicology itself is a subbranch of linguistics. 英语词汇学是语言学的一个分支。 But it embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology, semantics, etymology, stylistics, lexicography. 但它却与其他学科相关，如形态学、语义学、词源学、文体学和词典学等。 Each of them has been established as a discipline in its own right. 而这些学科都各成一门学科。 Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of morpheme construct. 形态学是语法学的一个分支，主要通过运用词素（形位）结构研究词的结构或形式。 This is one of the major concerns of lexicology, for we shall discuss the inflections of words and word-formation and examine how morphemes are combined to form words and words to form sentences. 这是词汇学研究的主要内容之一，因为研究词汇就必需讨论的屈折变化和构词法，考察词素如何构成词、词如何构成句子。 Etymology is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. 词源学研究词的形式和意义的起源及其历史变化。 Modern English is derived from the languages of early Germanic tribes with a fairly small vocabulary. 现代英语源于词汇量颇小的古日尔曼语。 We shall study how this small vocabulary has grown into a huge modern English vocabulary and explain the changes that have taken place in the forms and meanings of words. 我们将研究这门词汇量很小的语言是如何发展成为词汇量庞大的现代英语，并解释英语词汇的形式和意义是如何变化的。 Stylistics is the study of style. 文体学研究文体。 It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular context for special effects. 主要对语用者在特定语境中如何选择语言要素（即如何选择用词、句型等）以达到特定的表达效果进行观察研究。 Among the areas of study: lexis, phonology, syntax, graphology, we shall concentrate on lexis, exploring the stylistic values of words. 在文体学所研究的词汇、音系学、句法学和书写法范围中，我们主要研究词汇，探讨词汇的文体价值。Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form, meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a pragmatic difference. 词典学和词汇学探讨同样的问题：词汇的形式、意义、词汇的起源及用法，但两者在语用上还有差异。 A lexicographer’s task is to record the language as it is used so as to present the genuine picture of words to the reader, providing authoritative reference, whereas the student of lexicology is to acquire the knowledge and information of lexis so as to increase their lexical awareness and capacity of language use. 词典学家的任务是实录词汇的用法并把词汇用法的真实情形呈现给读者，为其提供权威性的参考；而词汇学家则是研究词汇的知识和信息，以增强读者对词汇的了解和语言的使用能力。 Though English lexicology has a wide coverage of academic areas, our task is definite and consistent. 英语词汇学的研究范围很大，但我们的任务是明确而系统的。 That is to study English words in different aspects and from different angles. 即从不同角度研究英语词汇的各个方面。0.3 Method of Study 英语词汇学的研究方法 There are generally two approaches to the study of words, namely synchronic and diachronic. 一般来说，词汇研究有两种

2012年4月全国自考《英语词汇学：00832》试题和答案

2012年4月全国自考《英语词汇学：00832》试题和答案

全国2012年4月高等教育自学考试 《英语词汇学》试题和答案 课程代码：00832 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%) 1. Words of the basic word stock denote the most common things and phenomena of the world around us. Which of the following words is related to the natural phenomena? A. Father B. Fire C. Evil D. Old 2. The differences between sound and form are due to the following EXCEPT . A. the fact of more phonemes than letters in English B. stabilization of spelling by printing C. influence of the work of scribes D. innovations made by linguists 3. There are functional words in the following sentence: It is fun to play with children. A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 4. The surviving language fall into eight principal groups. Blato-Slavic, Indo-Iranian, Armenian and Albanian belong to the-------- set. A. Eastern B. Southern C. Western D. Northern 5. With the growth of------, British tentacles began stretching out to every corner of the globe, thus enabling English to absorb words from all major language of the world. A. civilization B. revolution C. colonization D. industrialization 6. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. English is more closely related to German than French B. Scandinavian languages refer to Icelandic, Norwegian, Danish and Swedish.

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