第3讲 状语从句)
英语学科优化学案
时间：年月日
知识回顾
错题回顾
1.【2013年陕西卷】I have heard a lot of good things about you ______ I came back from abroad.
A. since
B. until
C. before
D. when
2.【2013年湖南卷】You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason______ you reach any decision.
A.although
B.before
C.because
D.unless
3.【2013年安徽卷】It’s much easier to make friends ______ you have similar interests.
A. unless
B. when
C. even though
D. so that
4.【2012山东卷】He smiled politely ______ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.
A. as
B. if
C. unless
D. though
5.【2012山东卷】A number of high buildings have arisen _______ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
A. when
B. where
C. before
D. until
6.【2011四川卷】As it reported, it is 100 years _________Qinghua University was founded.
A. when
B. before
C. after
D. since
真题回顾
1 – What shall we do tonight then?
– ___ – whatever you want.
A. Help yourself
B. It’s a deal
C. No problem
D. It’s up to you
2 He missed ___ gold in the high jump, but will get ___ second chance in the long jump.
A. the; the
B. 不填; a
C. the; a
D. a; 不填、
3 That evening, ___ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. When
4 Sarah made ___ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.
A. herself
B. This
C. that
D. it
5 Tony lent me the money, ___ that I’d do as much for him.
A. hoping
B. to hope
C. hoped
D. having hoped
6 I had hardly got to the office ___ my wife phone me to go back home at once.
A. when
B. than
C. until
D. After
7 We ___ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.
A. set about
B. set up
C. set out
D. set down
8 Next to biology, I like physics ___ .
A. better
B. best
C. the better
D. very well
9 – Did you ask Sophia for help?
– I ___ need to – I managed perfectly well on my own.
A. wouldn’t
B. don’t
C. didn’t
D. won’t
10 The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ___ anything that happened to be on.
A. to watch
B. watching
C. watched
D. to have watched
11 100℃ is the temperature ___ which water will boil.
A. for
B. at
C. on
D. Of
12 I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ___ find the money.
A. can
B. Might
C. would
D. Need
13 The manager ___ the workers how to improve the program since 9 a.m.
A. has told
B. is telling
C. has been telling
D. will have told
14 The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ___ in this city.
A. quality
B. progress
C. production
D. demand
15 – Try not to work yourself too hard. Take it easy.
– Thanks. ___
五．结果状语从句
that, so that（从句中不带情态动词）, so…that(如此……以致……),such…that(如此……以致……)等。
【例】Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers like her very much
= Jenny is so clever a girl that all the teachers like her very much
注意：so + 形容词/副词+ that从句；such +名词+ that从句。
但是，当名词前有many, much, few, little(少)修饰时，要用so,不能用such。
【例】I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.
He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.
I had so little money then that I couldn’t afford a little present.
六．条件状语从句
if（如果）,unless（除非）, so /as long as（只要）, as/ so far as（就……而言）, on condition that （条件是……）suppose（假设）supposing（假设）（仅用在问句中）等词或词组引导。一般情况下当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。
【例】As/So long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.
If you leave at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning, you’d better get to bed now.
We’ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy.
七．方式状语从句
as（与……一样）, as if（仿佛）, as though（仿佛）
【例】Do in Rome as the Romans do.入乡随俗。
Leave things as they are.让一切顺其自然。
She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting for someone.
（由as if或as though引导的从句中可用虚拟语气）
八．比较状语从句
than（比）, as（与……一样）
【例】It rains more often in Shanghai than in Beijing.上海下的雨比北京的多。
常见句型：the +比较级，the +比较级
【例】The busier he is, the happier he feels.他越忙越开心。
九．让步状语从句
although（尽管）, though（尽管）, however（无论怎样）,whatever（无论什么）, whoever（无论谁）, whomever（无论谁）, whichever（无论哪个）,whenever（无论何时）, wherever（无论哪里）, whether（是否）, no matter (who, what, where, when) （无论……）, even if（即使）, even though（即使）等词引导。
【例】We won’t be discouraged even if(=even though) we fail ten times.
It was an exciting game, though / although no goals were scored.
连词as也可以引导让步状语从句，但从句中要用特殊语序。如：
【例】Young as he is, he knows a lot=Though he is young 或Young though he is, he….
他虽然年轻，但懂得很多。(though 也有这种用法，可以替换as,但although没有这种用法)
she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.
A. if
B. when
C. since
D. as
2.（2011北京卷29）__________volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great a t basketball.
A. Since
B. Once
C. Unless
D. While
3.（2011上海卷36）If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait _______ it comes out on DVD.
A. whether
B. after
C. though
D. until
4.（2011上海卷37）The police officers in our city work hard _________the rest of us can live a safe life.
A. in case
B. as if
C. in order that
D. only if
5.（2011江西卷29）Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or ______ it is convenient to you.
A. whenever
B. however
C. whichever
D. wherever
6.（2011浙江卷4）One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away______my daughter heard cries for help.
A. after
B. while
C. since
D. when
7.（2011四川卷4）Frank insisted that he was not asleep _________I had great difficulty in waking him up.
A. whether
B. although
C. for
D. so
8.（2011四川卷6）As it reported, it is 100 years __________Qinghua University was founded.
A. when
B. before
C. after
D. since
9.（2011辽宁卷29）He had no sooner finished his speech _________ the students started cheering.
A. since
B. as
C. when
D. than
10.（2011陕西卷17）The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _________the present one.
A. as three times big as
B. three times as big as
C. as big as three times
D. as big three times as
You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind. First, you must ask yourself, ―Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?‖ You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.
Let’s start with the wind blowing from the behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.
If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn’t flap (摆动). It shouldn’t look like on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.
Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can’t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.
1. What should you consider first while sailing?
A. Sailors’ strength.
B. Wave levels.
C. Wind directions.
D. Size of sails.
2. What does the word ―It‖ underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The boat.
B. The wind.
C. The sail.
D. The angle.
3. What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?
A. Move in a straight line.
B. Allow the sail to flap.
C. Lower the sail.
D. Tack the boat.
4. Where can you probably find the text?
A. In a popular magazine.
B. In a tourist guidebook.
C. In a physics textbook.
D. In an official report.
Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses.
A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the
wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to ―read‖ people from another culture as we would ―read‖ someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistak e of ―reading‖ the other person incorrectly.
1 . What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?
A. Love.
B. Politeness.
C. Joy.
D. Thankfulness.
2. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ___ .
A. show friendliness to strangers
B. be used to hide true feelings
C. be used in the wrong places
D. show personal habits
3. What should we do before attempting to ―read‖ people?
A. Learn about their relations with others.
B. Understand their cultural backgrounds.
C. Find out about their past experience.
D. Figure out what they will do next.
4. What would be the best title for the test?
A. Cultural Differences
B. Smiles and Relationship
C. Facial Expressiveness
D. Habits and Emotions
A. Since
B. While
C. If
D. As
2.（2011天津卷5）_______ regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
A.It
B. As
C.Although
D.Unless
3.（2011重庆卷30）To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ______ we are to shake hands with.
A.whichever
B.whenever
C.whoever
D.wherever
4.（2011湖南卷33）Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _______he had done something very clever.
A .as if B. in case C. while D. Though
5.（2011新课标卷25）—Someone wants you on the phone.
—nobody knows I am here.
A.Although
B.And
C.But
D.So
6.（09浙江）The medicine works more effectively _____ you drink some hot water after taking it.
A. as
B. until
C. although
D. If
训练时间：_____ 分数______
1. ______ we have enough evidence, we can't win the case.
A. Once
B. As long as
C. Unless
D. Since
2. ―You can’t judge a book by its cover,‖ ________ .
A. as the saying goes old
B. goes as the old saying
C. as the old saying goes
D. goes as old the saying
3. He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son ______ he wants to.
A. even if
B. as if
C. because
D. before
4. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, ______ they might have.
A. however difficult
B. how difficult
C. whatever difficulty
D. what difficulty
5. One can always manage to do more things, no matter____ full one’s schedule is in life.
A. how
B. what
C. when
D. where
6. I don't believe we've met before, I must say you do look familiar.
A. therefore
B. although
C. since
D. unless
7. —Look at those clouds!
—Don’t worry. ______ it rains, we’ll still have a great time.
A. Even if
B.As though
C. In case
D. If only
8. All the photographs in this book, _______ stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.
A. unless
B. until
C. once
D. if
9. Hot _______the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
A. although
B. as
C. while
D. however
10. You can borrow my car you promise not to drive too fast.
A．unless B．even if C．in case D．as long as
11. It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties_________ gets more
financial support from the European Union.
A. if
B. unless
C. because
D. since
12. —Did you return Fred’s call?
—I didn’t need to ____ I’ll see him tomorrow.
A. though
B. unless
C. when
D. because
13. I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long，but it’ll still be some time _____ Brian gets back.
A. before
B. since
C. till
D. after
14. We’ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday _____ it rains or it’s very cold.
A.since
B. if
C. unless
D. until
15. Nancy enjoyed herself so much she visited her friends in Sydney last year.
A.that
B.which
C.when
D.where
16. You’d better not leave the medicine kids can get at it.
A.even if
B.which
C.where
D.so that
as引导的时间状语从句
as引导的时间状语从句 as是高中英语中非常重要的一个词汇，它的用法非常的复杂，且在每年的高中英语考试中占有非常重要的位置。其中as引导的时间状语从句尤为复杂，本文以as在引导时间状语从句时的三种不同意义为线索，细致讲述as引导时间状语从句这一语法知识点。 as引导时间状语从句表示"当....时候" as在表示"当....时候"的意义时，与"while"引导时间状语从句有一个共同点，就是此时从句的谓语动词一定要用表示延续性的动词。 例句1：She stayed up late writing her paper while our kids and I were sleeping. 当我和孩子们在睡觉的时候，她在熬夜写论文。 注释：这个句中while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是表示延续性的"were sleeping"。例句2：They all finished their homework, as I was playing with my dog. 当我在和我的小狗玩耍的时候，他们都完成了家庭作业。 注释：从句中的谓语动词"was playing"是表示延续性的动词。 as引导时间状语从句表示"一边...一边..." 当as表示"一边...一边..."引导时间状语从句时，主句和从句的动作同时发生，此时从句的谓语动词没有要求。 例句1：As she explained her misfortunes, she wiped tears off her cheeks. 她一边讲述着自己的不幸遭遇，一边擦去脸上的泪水。 例句2：She cried as she walked alone on the dark road. 她一边独自走在黑暗的小路上，一边哭泣。
主从句的时态问题
主从句的时态问题
从句和主句中谓语动词的时态 在复合句中，主句和从句的谓语动词时态一般遵循以下的规律： 一① 在以下三种主语从句中，主语从句的谓语动词要用“should+动词 原形”， should可省略。 (1)It is+形容词+that…句型。常见的形容词有important, necessary, natural, funny, strange, surprising, astonishing(令人惊讶的)等。 (2) It is +名词+that…句型。常见的名词有pity, shame, advice, suggestion, proposal(提议，建议)， requirement, request, desire, order 等。 (3) It is+动词的过去分词+ that…句型。常见的动词有advise, order, propose, request, suggest, demand, require等。 ②在insist(坚持)， urge (催促)， order(命令)， command(命令)，suggest(建议)，advise(建议)，recommend(建议，推荐)， request(请求，要 求)， demand(要求)，require(要求，需要)等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”， should可省略。 ③ 在含有advice, order, demand, proposal(提议)， requirement, suggestion等名词的表语从句、同位语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。 ④在一些表示惊讶、意志等感情色彩的名词性从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”或“should +have done”，译为“竟然，居然”。例如： I am surprised /shocked that you should speak in such a way。 I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to his mum。 It is strange /surprising that she should not have been invited。 I am glad that your story should have won the first prize。
学生状语从句
状语从句翻译 I. fronting 1)The moment I saw him I knew there was no hope. 2)While he was in hospital, Mr. Gilbert asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful, but the doctor refused to do so . 4) As soon as he saw us, the snake charmer picked up a long pipe which was covered with coins and opened one of the baskets. 5)My old friend , Harrison, had lived in the the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to Englland. 6)In the end , it was more than he could bear. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country . 7)When the doctor answered the phone, Mr Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain patient, a Mr John Gibert. . 8)Mrs Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men. 1) The crops failed because the season was dry。 2)You took me because I was useful. There is no question of gratitude between us. 3)Pure iron is not used in industry because it is too soft。 4）As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. 5）Now that you are a college student, you should learn to be independent of your parents' help. 1)Byrd now knew that he would be albe to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no mountains in sight. 2)Almost at once he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and itd was often bitterly cold. 3) People at that time condemned sociability itself, on the grounds that it might interfere with work and study
初中条件状语从句(附答案)(最新整理)
条件状语从句讲解及练习 一、考点归纳 由连接词if或unless引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。（注意：在含有条件状语从句 的复合句中，如果主句是一般将来时态，从句要用一般现在是“主将从现原则”。通常译作“假如，如果，除非”。引导词： 常用引导词： if , unless 1.if 引导词用法 学习" if " 引导的条件状语从句的用法,现在总结一下: if 条件句不一般, 几个要点记心间; 条件句,放在前, 逗号要放句中间。 条件句表可能，主句多用将来时； 条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。 if 引导的条件句有：真实条件句和非真实条件句两种: （1）真实条件句：表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。Eg: a)If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。 b)If you fail in the exam, you will let him down. 如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望 的。 c)If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go on a picnic. 如果明天下雨，我们就不去野餐。 注意：切记紧跟着if的那句话是从句。 （2）非真实条件句是虚拟语气的一种，表示与事实相反，不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设,从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。 Eg: a)If I were you, I would invite him to the party. 如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。 b)I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic. 如果没有堵 车,我会到的早一点儿。 c)If I were you, I would go with him. 如果我是你,我会和他一起去的。 2. unless引导词用法 （1）固定搭配： unless = if...not 除非,若不,除非在……的时候。Eg: a)You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. =If you don’t start earlier, you will fail to arrive there in time. 如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。 b)Unless it rains, the game will be played. =If it dosen't rain，the game will be played. 除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。
as引导的五种状语从句
as作从属连词用时,可以引导五种状语从句。现归纳如下： 1. as表示“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句,多强调主句和从句中的动作或状态同时发生,从句可放在主句前,也可放在主句后。例如： As I waited at the stop, I heard a big noise. 当我在车站等车的时候,我听到一个很大的声响。 She rose up as he entered. 当他进来时,她站了起来。 2. as表示“因为”、“由于”,引导原因状语从句,其语气不如because强,通常为附加说明的理由,且是已知晓的原因,主句与从句没有逻辑上的因果关系。例如： As she was not well, I went there alone. 因为她身体不好,所以我独自到那里去了。 As he is a tailor, he knows what to do with this material. 由于他是个裁缝,他知道怎样利用这块布料。 3. as表示“虽然……但是……”,引导让步状语从句,从句通常用倒装语序,把从句的表语、状语或动词原形放在as前面,可以用though替代。例如： Child as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他是个孩子,但他知道的东西很多。 Hard as it was raining, they went on working in the field. 虽然天下大雨,但他们继续在田地里干活。 4. as表示“按照”、“依照”、“像”,引导方式状语从句,从句置于主句之后。例如： You should do as the teacher tells you.你应当依照老师所说的去做。 The absence of air also explains why the stars do not seem to twinkle in space as they do from the earth. 空气的不存在,也说明了为什么在空中星星看来并不闪烁,而不像从地球上看的那样。 5. as表示“像……一样”,引导比较状语从句,对主句和从句的动作或状态加以比较,说明它们之间有相似之处,在从句中常省略与主句相同的部分。例如： He doesn't work as hard as I (do). 他不像我工作那样努力。 I hope the necklace was as good as the one you lent me.我希望我挂项链同你借给我的一样好。
名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句时态问题
一、名词性从句 （一）在宾语从句中主句和从句之间的时态的一致关系,通常由主句谓语的时态决定从句谓语的时态. ⒈若主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时,如：一般现在时,现在完成时,一般将来时,将来完成时等,从句可以根据需要使用任何时态. 如:He says that he is doing well in his lessons.you will miss a lot of lessons.the boy is lazy.XiaoWang was late for school yesterday.Jim has been back for two days. ⒉若主句谓语动词是过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时,过去将来完成时),从句谓语动词也必须是过去时态. 如:He said he enjoyed himself last Sunday.he hadn’t bought any present.the would come back the next day.he was doing his homework· ⒊当从句表示客观事物或真理,或人们已经公认的道理时,其时态不受主句谓语动词的时态的影响.即使主句谓语动词使用了过去时的某种时态,从句的时态仍然是现在的某种时态. 1)The teacher said the earth goes around the sun。 2)He said the sun rises in the east. 3)His father said he gets up at six o'clock every morning. 4)He told me the light travels faster than the sound. ⒋当从句表示并未出现或尚未实现的愿望时,必须用过去时态. ⒌（可包含在1/2中）有些形容词后面可跟有从句,这种从句一般可看作宾语从句,其谓语也应与主句谓语的时态保持一致.可跟这种宾语从句的形容词有：afraid,glad,sure,confident,sorry, certain,conscious,aware等.一致的原则与宾语从句相同. 例如： I'm confident that I'll pass the exam.我有信心通过考试. He was lucky that he wasn't killed.他很幸运没有被杀死. （二）在主语从句,表语从句和同位语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态一致关系所遵守的法则和宾语从句相同. 例如： It appears that some little trouble was caused by a woman,whose name has not been ascertained.看来这件小小的麻烦是由一个至今尚不清楚其姓名的女人所引起的. It was known long ago that Professor Einstein played a key role in the development of the theory of relativity.人们早已知道,爱因斯坦教授对相对论的发展起了关键作用. It was proved centuries ago that the speed of light is186,000miles a second.几世纪前就证实了光的速度为每秒186,000英里. The fact[that man would soon be able to visit the moon]built up new scientific interest in earth's nearest neighbor.人类不久可以游览月球的事实,引起了对地球最近邻居的新的科学兴趣.二、定语从句与主句的时态一致关系 定语从句的时态不受影响意思就是定语从句的时态是根据事物真实发生的情景决定不受主句影响,因为定语从句的作用只是在修饰句子中的名词之类的,和句子本身的时态没有关系.比如： He is a man whose telephone was stolen.他是那个手机被偷的那个人. 主句一般现在时,从句过去时,因为手机真实被偷是在过去发生. I went to the apartment in which Mary lives in.我去过Mary现在住的房子. 主句过去式,从句一般现在时,因为我去过的那个房子,Mary确实现在在住. ⒈若定语从句的谓语表示的动作和主句谓语表示的动作同时发生,则要求使用同样的时
条件状语从句
初中英语――条件状语从句 一．if 引导的条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。如： If you ask him，he will help you．如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 If you fail in the exam，you will let him down．如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。 If you have finished the homework，you can go home．如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。 另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。如： If I were you，I would invite him to the party．如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。 I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic．要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。 另外你还要注意if 条件句的时态搭配 1．if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 If he runs, he’ll get there in time. 如果他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。 The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。 2．if从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can If the fog gets thicker, the plane may/might be diverted. 如果雾在大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。 If it stops snowing, we can go out. 如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。 3．if从句用一般现在时，主句用must/should If you want to lose weight, you must/should eat less bread. 如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。4．if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时 If you heat ice, it turns to water. (也可用will turn)如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。 5．if从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时 If you are looking for Peter, you’ll find him upstairs. 如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。6．if从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时 If you have finished dinner, I’ll ask the waiter for the bill. 如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账注意： 学习" if " 引导的条件状语从句的用法,现在总结一下: if 条件句不一般,几个要点记心间; 条件句,放在前,逗号要放句中间。 条件句表可能，主句多用将来时； 条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。 在if 引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。如： We can walk there if we can't find a bus. If it rains tomorrow, we will not go to the zoo. What will you do if you find a panda in danger? 如果if 条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件，则主从句大多用一般现在时态。如： If bears are in danger, they attack people. 在if 引导的条件状语从句中，if 和条件句位置灵活，可直接放在主句后面，若if 条件句放句首，从句后面要加逗号，和主句隔开。还要注意前后时态一致原则
英语状语从句试题经典及解析
英语状语从句试题经典及解析 一、初中英语状语从句 1．If you study hard, you ________ into a good senior high school. A．got B．will get C．get 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查条件状语从句时态的用法。 句意：如果你努力学习，你_______进入一个好点的高中。 A. got 表示一般过去时； B. will get 是一般将来时； C. get 是一般现在时。连词if引导的条件状语从句中，主句是一般将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作。由句意可知，主句是将来发生的动作，用一般将来时，故选B。 2．— When did you go to bed last night? — ____________ I finished my homework. A．Until B．Not until C．When D．While 【答案】B 【解析】 not …until 表示直到…才，与短暂性动词连用，故选B 3．—How do you like your new school, Kate? —It is very clean and beautiful ____it is a bit small. A．if B．since C．unless D．although 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：--凯特，你觉得你的新学校怎么样？--尽管它有点小，但是它非常的干净，美丽。if,如果，表示条件关系；since,自从……，表示时间关系；unless,如果不，引导条件状语从句；although，尽管，虽然，表示让步关系，结合句意，关系D。 考点：考查连词的用法。 4．一When did you leave your office yesterday? 一 I finished the project. A．Until B．While C．When D．Not until 【答案】D 【解析】 句意：昨天你什么时候离开你的办公室的？——直到我完成那个任务。本题考查连词。A. Until 直到···时候才结束，要与延续性动词连用；B. While 当···时候；C. When 当···时候；D. Not until直到···时候才开始，与非延续性动词连用；句子中finished（完成）是非延续性动词，故选D
初中英语状语从句
初中英语状语从句 【考点直击】 1. 时间状语从句 2. 条件状语从句 3. 原因状语从句 4. 结果状语从句 5. 比较状语从句 6. 目的状语从句 7. 让步状语从句 8. 地点状语从句 【名师点睛】 用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如： It was raining hard when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：The young man read till the light went out. Let’s wait until the rain stops. We won’t start until Bob comes. Don’t get off until the bus stops. 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如： What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Don’t lea ve the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He won’t be late unless he is ill. (3)“祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如： Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late. Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 原因状语从句 (1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如： He didn’t come to school because he was ill. As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo. Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else. (2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。
条件状语从句三“注意”
个人收集整理仅供参考学习 条件状语从句三“注意” 【热身训练】 A. 用所给动词的正确时态填空。 1. If tigers (live) in the wild, they will hunt for food on their own. 2. If it (snow) tomorrow, I (not fly) to Guangzhou. 3.Your parents will be very happy if you (pass) your exam. 4. If you (go) to bed earlier, you (not feel) tired in the morning. 5. If we (not protect) wild animals, there (not be) wild animals any more. B. 改写同义句，每空一词。 6. If you try again, you’ll work out the problem. again,you’ll work out the problem. 7. Get up quickly, or you will miss the early bus. you up quickly, you will miss the early bus. 8. If there is no air, none of us can live. None of us can live . 【融会贯通】 一、位置 条件状语从句通常由if引导，if的含义是“如果、假如”。从句的位置灵活，可放在主句前面或后面。如： If they are in danger, bears will attack people. = Bears will attack people if they are in danger. 如果熊处在危险中，它们会袭击人的。 二、时态 if条件从句中，主句常用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时代替将来。如： If I’m free tomorrow, I’ll come to see you. 如果我明天有空，我会来看你。 You will find out its meaning if you look it up in the dictionary. 如果你查字典，你将会查到它的含义。 三、转换 在英语口语中，我们常用“祈使句+ and / or + 陈述句”与if条件句转换。如： If you work harder, you’ll pass the English exam. 如果你再努力些，你就会通过英语考试。 1 / 1
as引导的从句用法
1 as引导的从句崔长平河南省遂平中学（463100） 在英语中，as作为一个常见的从句引导词，其用法和意义十分活跃而丰富，若不加以区分，很容易造成混淆。现将其主要用法归纳如下： 1）引导时间状语从句①在as引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词既可以是延续性的也可以是非延续性的；有时从句的谓语动词也可用进行时形式。②as引导的时间状语从句常可用来强调主、从句中的动作同时发生或伴随发生，常译作“随着……”，“一边……一边……”，“一……就……”等。③在省略句中，as之后经常放置一个名词或名词词组。 I heard the murmur of their voices as I crossed the hall. A look of surprise came into Alison’s eyes as she read the message. Scott became nervous as he saw her face. Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion. He smiled as he passed. As she sang，the tears ran down her cheeks. We get wiser as we get older. As a young man，he was a store keeper and later a postmaster. 2）引导让步状语从句象although，though，while一样，as也可以用来引导一个让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”， as引导的这种让步状语从句语气比较强，语体正规，经常用于书面语言，但as引导的让步状语从句须倒装。其倒装要求如下：①表语＋as＋主语＋系动词（表语经常是由形容词、分词、或名词充当；名词用作表语时，其前不能加用冠词。） Young as he is，he is equal to the task. Crowded as the restaurant was，they tried to find a table. Child as he was，he knew what was the right thing to do. ②状语﹢as﹢主语﹢谓语动词（这一结构中的谓语动词一般是行为动词，既可以是及物动词（带宾语）也可以是不及物动词。） Hard as he studied，he did not get good marks in the exam. Early as we got there，our teacher was there before us. Much as I admire him as a writer I don’t like him as a man. ③动词＋as ＋主语＋……（在这一结构中，主语后面一般加上情态动词may，might，will，would，can，could等，句首的动词应该保持原形。如果从句中没有情态动词，那么，应在从句的主语之后（根据时态和数的要求）加上助动词do、does或did。在这一结构中，放在句首的动词如果是及物动词，那么，这个动词连同它的宾语一起放到as之前。） Search as they would，they could find nothing in the house. Try as he may，he will fail in the examination. Die as he did，his inspiration lived on. Lose money as I did，I got a lot of experience. 3）引导原因状语从句 as引导原因状语从句时，语气不及because强烈，它接近于since，now that，一般译作“既然，由于”之类的意义，只是“附带说明的理由”，表达一种说话人和听话人“共知的原因”。as引导的原因状语从句一般置于主句之前。 As all the seats were full he stood up. As Davidson had a passion for walking，we started off on foot. As you are sorry，I’ll forgive you. It is very difficult for us to know what to do as we are not his parents.
状语从句。主谓一致。几种时态转换
中考英语语法：状语从句时态类型 1、时态说明 1）在时间和条件状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，不能直接使用将来时态： I won’t go if it rains tomorrow. 要是明天下雨，我就不去。(不能用will rain) 2）有时也可见到if you will 这样的说法，但那不是将来时态，而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(此时的will是情态动词)： If you will wait a moment, I’ll fetch the money. 请等一下，我就去拿钱。 2、常见类型 状语从句即指在主从复合句中用作状语的从句。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句等： He was angry because I was late. 他很生气因为我迟到了。(原因状语从句) He was so angry that he couldn’t speak. 他气得话都说不出来。(结果状语从句) Although he is poor, he’s happy. 虽然穷，但他仍很快乐。(让步状语从句) Put it where you can reach it. 把它放在你可以拿到的地方。(地点状语从句) Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 讲清楚些，以便他们能理解你。(目的状从) 中考英语语法复习：主谓语法一致的原则 谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 1. 语法一致的原则 （1）以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如： He goes to school early every morning. The children are playing outside. To work hard is necessary for a student. （2）由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Both he and I are right. Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom. 但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如： His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl. The poet and writer has come. （3）由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. Each man and each woman is asked to help. （4）主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如： The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum. Nobody but two boys was late for class. Bread and butter is a daily food in the west. （5）一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如： A lot of people are dancing outside.
条件状语从句98771
在句子中做条件状语的从句称为条件状语从句。可置于句首、句尾，有时还可置于主语和谓语之间。引导条件状语从句的连接词有：if ,unless,as/so long as等 1.if引导的条件状语从句 表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。 If we pay much attention to the earth, we'll have a better world. 如果我们多关爱地球，就会拥有一个更美好的世界 If it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? 如果明天下雨，我们怎么办？ 注意：if还可以引导虚拟条件句，表示不可实现的条件，从句中多用一般过去时或过去完成时。 What would happen if there were no water ? 如果没有水会怎样？ 2.unless引导的条件状语从句 unless的意思是如果不，除非。可与if...not互换。 You will fail in English unless you work hard. 你英语考试会不及格的，除非你更加努力。 3.as /so long as引导的条件状语从句 as /so long as意思是“只要” So long as you're happy,i will be happy. 只要你高兴，我就高兴。 4.once引导的条件状语从句 once引导的条件状语从句，意为“一旦...，就”，从句可置于主句前或后 Once you begin,never stop. 一旦开始，就绝不要停止 Maths is easy to learn once you understand the rules. 一旦你理解了规则，数学就不难学了。 提示：在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 If the weather is bad next week, we'll put off the climbing. 如果下周天气不好，我们将推迟爬山。 Father told me if i worked hard he would buy me a gift. 爸爸告诉我，如果我努力学习，他会给我买一份礼物。 If the weather is bad next week, we'll put off the climbing. I.选择最佳答案. ( ) 1.If it ______ sunny tomorrow, I ____ boating. a. is go b. will be, go c. is, will go d. will be, will go ( ) 2.----what will you do if it ______ tomorrow, ----I’ll stay at home and watch TV. a. rain b. rains c. will rain d. is raining 3 Run fast, or you’ll be late for school. _______ you _______ _______ fast, you’ll be late for school. 4. You can buy the dictionary if you take enough money with you. Take enough money with you, ______ _____ ______ buy the dictionary. 5 If there is no air, none of us can live. None of us can live _______ _________. 6. 如果明天有空，我和你一起参观长城。 _______________________________________________