3.2 Henry Wadsworth Longfellow---lhy0429

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Longfellow’s Life

Major Works

Introduction to A Psalm of Life

Appreciating A Psalm of Life

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (Feb. 27, 1807- March 24, 1882)

The most beloved American poet of his time.

The first American figure with a bust in the Poet’s Corner in Westminster Abbey located in London.

Longfellow’s Life

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was born in Portland, Maine—then still part of Massachusetts—on February 27, 1807, the second son in a family of eight children. His mother, Zilpah Wadsworth, was the daughter of a Revolutionary War hero. His father, Stephen Longfellow, was a prominent Portland lawyer and later a member of Congress.

Henry was a dreamy boy who loved to read. He heard sailors speaking Spanish, French and German in the Portland streets and liked stories set in foreign places: The Arabian Nights, Robinson Crusoe, and the plays of Shakespeare.

After graduating from Bowdoin College, Longfellow studied modern languages in Europe for three years, then returned to Bowdoin to teach them.

In 1831 he married Mary Storer Potter of Portland, a former classmate, and soon published his first book, a description of his travels called Outre Mer ("Overseas").

But in November 1835, during a second trip to Europe, Longfellow's life was shaken when his wife died during a miscarriage. The young teacher spent a grief-stricken year in Germany and Switzerland.

Longfellow took a position at Harvard in 1836. Three years later, at the age of 32, he published his first collection of poems, Voices of the Night, followed in 1841 by Ballads and Other Poems. Many of these poems ("A Psalm of Life," for example) showed people triumphing over adversity, and in a struggling young nation that theme was inspiring. Both books were very popular, but Longfellow's growing duties as a professor left him little time to write more. In addition, Frances Appleton, a young woman from Boston, had refused his proposal of marriage.

Frances finally accepted his proposal the following spring, ushering in the happiest 18 years of Longfellow's life. The couple had six children, five of whom lived to adulthood, and the marriage gave him new confidence.

In 1847, he published Evangeline,a book-length poem about what would now be called "ethnic cleansing." The poem takes place as the British drive the French from Nova Scotia, and two lovers are parted, only to find each other years later when the man is about to die.

In 1854, Longfellow decided to quit teaching to devote all his time to poetry. He published Hiawatha,a long poem about Native American life, and The Courtship of Miles Standish and Other Poems. Both books were immensely successful, but Longfellow was now preoccupied with national events. With the country moving towards civil war, he wrote "Paul Revere's Ride," a call for courage in the coming conflict.

A few months after the war began in 1861, Frances Longfellow was sealing an envelope with wax when her dress caught fire. Despite her husband's desperate attempts to save her, she died the next day. Profoundly saddened, Longfellow published nothing for the next two years. He found

comfort in his family and in reading Dante’s Divine Comedy. (Later he produced its first American translation.) Tales of a Wayside Inn,largely written before his wife's death, was published in 1863.

When the Civil War ended in 1865, the poet was 58. His most important work was finished, but his fame kept growing. In London alone, 24 different companies were publishing his work. His poems were popular throughout the English-speaking world, and they were widely translated, making him the most famous American of his day. His admirers included Lincoln, Dickens, and Baudelaire.

He died on March 24, 1882, in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Major Works

Poetry

Voices of the Night (1839) Ballads and Other Poems (1841)

Evangeline (1847)The Song of Hiawatha (1855)

Prose The New England Tragedies (1868)

Drama The Spanish Student (1843)

Fiction Hyperion: A Romance (1839)

Poetry in Translation The Divine Comedy of Dante Alighieri (1867)

A Psalm of Life

Composition date: July 20, 1839 ( Longfellow was 31 then), published in Voices of the Night. The lyrical form of this poem is abab.

"Mr. Longfellow said of this poem: `I kept it some time in manuscript, unwilling to show it to any one, it being a voice from my inmost heart, at a time when I was rallying from depression.' Before it was published in the Knickerbocker Magazine, October, 1838, it was read by the poet to his college class at the close of a lecture on Goethe.

Its title, though used now exclusively for this poem, was originally, in the poet's mind, a generic one. He notes from time to time that he has written a psalm, a psalm of death, or another psalm of life. The `psalmist' is thus the poet himself. Literally, the psalmist is of course King David.

When printed in the Knickerbocker it bore as a motto the lines from Crashaw:

Life that shall send

A challenge to its end,

And when it comes, say, Welcome, friend."

(Editor's note) Literally, the psalmist is of course King David.

This is a very inspirational poem. The concept of living only in the present is a very difficult thing for people, as the regrets of the past and hopes of the future can be very troublesome and misleading at times. This psalm brings out feelings of confidence—strength and belief in oneself. The message is very clear. Just live. The poet makes the reader focus on the here and now. Don't be hindered by the fear of oncoming, certain death, or whatever mistakes you may have made before, live by the second and only plan ahead that far. There is no concrete point in life, nothing is sure and steady, so don't live like it is going to be that way.

This psalm is truly the outlook of the generation after the Napoleonic wars, 100 years before WW1. Make of life what you can, strive to accomplish your dreams, work hard for self gratification, learn to love and to be loved. For God has given us a gift, and not to make the most of life is a SIN and a waste.

A Psalm of Life What the Heart of the Yong Man Said to the Psalmist

I

1 Tell me not in mournful numbers, 请别用哀伤的诗句对我讲；

2 Life is but an empty dream! 人生呵，无非是虚梦一场！

3 For the soul is dead that slumbers因为沉睡的灵魂如死一般，

4 And things are not what they seem. 事物的表里并不一样。

Summary of Lines 1-4: In the opening stanza, the speaker directly addresses the psalmist. He begins by dismissing the psalmist’s sad poetry, and he rejects as dangerous the psalmist’s notion that human life is a meaningless illusion. If one accepts the logic that life is just a dream, he cautions, one’s soul will not merely sleep, but die. On the surface, human life may appear futile, but the speaker contends that it is actually this sense of hopelessness —and not human life itself —that is the illusion.

II

5 Life is real! Life is earnest! 人生是实在的！人生是热烈的！

6 And the grave is not its goal; 人生的目标决不是坟墓；

7 Dust thou art , to dust returnest, 你是尘土，应归于尘土。

8 Was not spoken of the soul. 此话指的并不是我们的精神。

Summary of Lines 5-8

Longfellow uses the second stanza to build on the ideas of the first. Because the soul lives eternally, the speaker reasons, life must be real. Note that in the first line there is a caesura, or break, after the word “real.”This caesura forces the reader to pause, thereby emphasizing the idea that life is real. These lines are an allusion to the Bible’s book of Genesis, where God says to the fallen Adam, “dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.”In Longfellow’s poem, the speaker is asserting that although the mortal body will die, the soul is exempt from death.

III. 9 Not enjoyment , and not sorrow, 我们的归宿并不是快乐，也不是悲伤,

10 Is our destined and our way; 实干才是我们的道路，

11But to act, that much to-morrow. 每天不断前进，

12 Find us farther than to-day. 蒸蒸日上。

Summary of Lines 9-12

The third stanza introduces the central theme of the poem: the purpose of life is not to experience pleasure or sorrow, but “to act”—to perform the deeds that will improve the condition of mankind. Note that by this point in the poem, the speaker has ceased to address the psalmist; instead, he is directing his remarks to mankind in general, as is

evidenced by his broadly inclusive use of the first person plural —“our” and “us.”

IV.

13 Art is long , and time is fleeting. 光阴易逝，而艺海无涯，

14 And our hearts , though stout and brave. 我们的心哪——虽然勇敢坚强，

15 Still , like muffled drums , are beating却像被布蒙住的铜鼓，

16 Funeral marches to the grave. 常把殡葬的哀乐擂响。

Summary of Lines 13-16

The fourth stanza begins with an allusion to a line from Seneca’s work De Brevitate vitae, which states “Life is brief, art long.”The idea here is that although a lifetime passes relatively quickly, it actually takes a long time to learn how to live well —to decipher the “art”of living.

The speaker is suggesting with some urgency, then, that we should live as productive a life as possible, because death (of the human body, not the soul) is always imminent. Note the simile in line 15, which compares the human heartbeat to “muffled drums.” On a literal level, of course, a heartbeat can sound like a drumbeat, but Longfellow extends this idea to suggest that our own hearts are measuring out the backbeat of a steady and irreversible journey toward death. Each beat of our hearts, Longfellow implies, carries us closer to death. If you read the stanza aloud, you will notice that, at this point, the trochaic rhythm is especially steady and even; it sounds as though a drum is beating in the background.

V.

17 In the world’s broad field of battle, 在这人生的宿营地，

18 In the bivouac of Life, 在这辽阔的世界战场，

19 Be not like dumb, driven cattle! 别做无言的牲畜任人驱赶，

20 Be a hero in the strife! 做一名英雄汉立马横枪！

Summary of Lines 17-20

These lines rely heavily on war imagery, as the march to the grave has been transformed to a march to battle. By comparing life to a “bivouac,”a temporary campsite during a battle, the speaker reminds us again of the transience of human existence. He exhorts the reader —who, by implication, is a soldier —to become a hero in this battle and not merely march to his or her death like a cow forced to the slaughterhouse.

VI 21 Trust no future. howe’er pleasant! 别相信未来，哪怕未来多么欢乐！

22 Let the dead Past bury its dead! 让死去的往昔将死亡一切埋葬！

23 Act, act in the living Present! 上帝在上，我们胸怀勇气，

24 Heart within, and God o’er head! 行动吧———趁现在活着的好时光！Summary of Lines 21-24

In the sixth stanza, the speaker explains in detail how the reader can become a hero. He advises the reader not to hope for the future nor to worry about the past. Instead, in a return to the poem’s central theme, he urges the reader to live actively in the present. The speaker emphasizes his imperative instruction that we “act”by repeating the word twice in line 23. Note how Longfellow draws our attention to the word “act”by manipulating the meter: not only does he insert a caesura between the two “acts,”but, metrically, the two consecutive words are stressed, giving them added force.

VII 25 Lives of great men all remind us伟人的生平使我们想起，

26 We can make our lives sublime, 我们能使自己的一生变得高尚！

27 And departing, leave behind us当我们辞别人间，

28 Footprints on the sands of time; 能把足迹留在时间的流沙上，

Summary of Lines 25-28

In the seventh stanza, the speaker asks the reader to consider past heroes. These “great men,”the speaker indicates, should inspire us to live our lives so fully that we, too, will leave behind records of greatness when we die. Longfellow suggests the idea of a record of greatness by using a metaphor: “footprints on the sands of time.”Even here, however, this metaphor ironically reminds us of the transient nature of life, since these footprints will eventually be washed away by the tide. Nonetheless, they may have a positive effect on the people who live after us.

VIII 29 Footprints that perhaps another, 也许有个遭了船灾的苦难弟兄，

30 Sailing o’er life solemn main, 他曾在庄严的人生大海中飘航，

31 A forlorn and shipwrecked brother, 见到我们的脚印,

32 Seeing, shall take heart again, 又会满怀信心。

Summary of Lines 29-32—The “footprints”metaphor of the seventh stanza develops into the central conceit, or governing concept, of the eighth stanza. The speaker envisions a shipwrecked sailor who is lost at sea but observes these footprints in the sand. In this conceit, the sailor represents any discouraged or lonely individual who receives encouragement from the memory of the good deeds of others.

IX 33 Let us, then, be up and doing, 让我们起来干吧，

34 With a heart for any fate; 下定决心，不管遭遇怎样；

35 Still achieving, still pursuing不断胜利，不断追求，

36 Learn to labour and to wait. 要学会苦干和耐心等待。

Summary of Lines 33-36

The speaker concludes the poem by exhorting us to live active, courageous lives. He is urging the reader to strive continuously to accomplish good, useful deeds: these good deeds, it is suggested, give life meaning and purpose. The last word of the poem, “wait,”has a few possible meanings; it can mean “to serve”others —in this case, by working or “laboring” diligently; it can mean “to be ready” for someone or some event; or it can mean to be “watchful”—to be on the lookout for good opportunities as well as to be on guard against unexpected events or dangers. The poem ends, then, as it began, with a word of caution and of hope.

Message:

The poem reminds us that life is not a dream, but very real, and urges us to live it to the full and not sit around waiting for death. It says that the purpose of life is not to have fun or indeed to suffer but to do something. It also reminds us that although mankind has lived a long time our own individual time on earth is limited and will pass very quickly, with each heartbeat a further step towards the grave. So try, like great men of the past, to make something of yourself in your short time on earth and leave behind something by which to be remembered.

Beauty in A Psalm of Life

Topic for Discussion:

The beauty in A Psalm of Life (rhyme, meter, rhetoric devices, etc,.)

According to Longfellow, how should we live our lives?

What is the characteristics of American Realism?

首创股份投资分析报告

《投资模拟实习》 专业：财务管理 班级： 姓名： 学号： 得分： 2017年4月25日

首创股份投资分析报告 简介： 首创股份是一家由北京首都创业集团有限公司控股的上市企业，主营业务为基础设施的投资及运营管理。公司发展方向定位于中国水务市场，专注于城市供水和污水处理两大领域，主要业务涵盖城市自来水生产、供水、排水等各个生产和供给领域，公司经过多年的发展，已经在北京、深圳、马鞍山、余姚、青岛等城市进行了水务投资，目前已初步完成了对国内重点城市的战略布局，参股控股的水务项目遍及国内8个省区和13个城市，服务人口超过1500万，发展潜力相当可观。作为为国内污水处理领域的龙头，公司控股的京城水务公司污水处理能力120万吨，占北京市目前总处理能力的近80%，是目前国内污水处理能力最大的公司。与此同时，公司还全资拥有京通快速路30年的收费经营权，公路业务将给公司带来稳定的收益 行业分析： 北京首创股份有限公司自成立以来一直致力于推动公用基础设施产业市场化进程，将发展方向定于中国水务市场，专注于城市供水和污水处理的投资及运营管理。 我国的供水行业传统上一直由政府垄断经营，几乎没有市场。它有两个突出特点：一是政企不分，城市供水的投资、生产、经营由政府包办；二是水价由政府制定，价格不能反映价值规律。2016年4月1日国家提出了千年大计“雄安新区”。行业进入了快速增长的轨道。水务行业市场体制正由公共服务体制向投资收益体制转变。国家

鼓励民间社会资本投资进入，逐步推进特许经营制度，规范市场。近日，多家水务公司纷纷发布开拓新业务市场公告。 随着我国经济的持续增长，虽然明年的宏观经济增长速度会下行，但是全社会固定资产投入不断增大。从全国工商联环境服务商会获悉，到2017年整个节能环保产业总值将达到8万亿元。其中环保产业主要包括污水处理、固废处理与脱硫脱硝三个主要部分。“十二五”期间污水处理市场投资机会主要集中在中小城镇，老污水处理项目的升级改造将成为主要潜在市场。 可见，水务行业前景可观。 经营分析： 公司主营业务为水务、固废等环保业务。公司在加大市场拓展力度、保证新项目投入运营的同时，保障存量项目安全生产运行，持续加强精细化、标准化管理，提升运营服务能力，报告期内实现营业收入281,349.04万元，同比增加25,051.18万元；实现利润总额36,023.52万元，同比减少7,606.85万元 公司遵循既定的发展战略和经营计划的安排，积极拓展新市场及项目，上半年新增水务项目投资规模约70万吨/日，巩固了公司在行业中的地位和影响力。公司通过建立项目区域化管理体系，充分发挥了区域公司和项目公司的属地化优势，拓展辐射周边项目，进一步扩大了地区规模效应；在运营管理方面，在现有体系化、标准化管理的基础上向精细化管理提升，强化了已投资项目的质量化管理和后期评价。此外，公司实施了工程建设项目统一管理、统一规划和统筹运作

首创股份投资分析报告文案

《投资模拟实习》 专业：财务管理班级： 姓名： 学号： 得分： 2017年4月25日

首创股份投资分析报告 简介： 首创股份是一家由北京首都创业集团有限公司控股的上市企业，主营业务为基础设施的投资及运营管理。公司发展方向定位于中国水务市场，专注于城市供水和污水处理两大领域，主要业务涵盖城市自来水生产、供水、排水等各个生产和供给领域，公司经过多年的发展，已经在北京、深圳、马鞍山、余姚、青岛等城市进行了水务投资，目前已初步完成了对国内重点城市的战略布局，参股控股的水务项目遍及国内8个省区和13个城市，服务人口超过1500万，发展潜力相当可观。作为为国内污水处理领域的龙头，公司控股的京城水务公司污水处理能力120万吨，占北京市目前总处理能力的近80%，是目前国内污水处理能力最大的公司。与此同时，公司还全资拥有京通快速路30年的收费经营权，公路业务将给公司带来稳定的收益 行业分析： 北京首创股份有限公司自成立以来一直致力于推动公用基础设施产业市场化进程，将发展方向定于中国水务市场，专注于城市供水和污水处理的投资及运营管理。 我国的供水行业传统上一直由政府垄断经营，几乎没有市场。它有两个突出特点：一是政企不分，城市供水的投资、生产、经营由政府包办；二是水价由政府制定，价格不能反映价值规律。2016年4月1日国家提出了千年大计“雄安新区”。行业进入了快速增长的轨

道。水务行业市场体制正由公共服务体制向投资收益体制转变。国家鼓励民间社会资本投资进入，逐步推进特许经营制度，规范市场。近日，多家水务公司纷纷发布开拓新业务市场公告。 随着我国经济的持续增长，虽然明年的宏观经济增长速度会下行，但是全社会固定资产投入不断增大。从全国工商联环境服务商会获悉，到2017年整个节能环保产业总值将达到8万亿元。其中环保产业主要包括污水处理、固废处理与脱硫脱硝三个主要部分。“十二五”期间污水处理市场投资机会主要集中在中小城镇，老污水处理项目的升级改造将成为主要潜在市场。 可见，水务行业前景可观。 经营分析： 公司主营业务为水务、固废等环保业务。公司在加大市场拓展力度、保证新项目投入运营的同时，保障存量项目安全生产运行，持续加强精细化、标准化管理，提升运营服务能力，报告期内实现营业收入281,349.04万元，同比增加25,051.18万元；实现利润总额36,023.52万元，同比减少7,606.85万元 公司遵循既定的发展战略和经营计划的安排，积极拓展新市场及项目，上半年新增水务项目投资规模约70万吨/日，巩固了公司在行业中的地位和影响力。公司通过建立项目区域化管理体系，充分发挥了区域公司和项目公司的属地化优势，拓展辐射周边项目，进一步扩大了地区规模效应；在运营管理方面，在现有体系化、标准化管理的基础上向精细化管理提升，强化了已投资项目的质量化

光明破产重整案例分析

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