作文讲义
写作----读范文
1、什么是范文？
2、为什么读范文？
3、怎么读范文？
第一段
A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test.
include /exclude
He was expelled from the school.
“Old is suddenly in”.
Some people argue that it is absolutely necessary to hold a test of spoken English in China because we have been informed frequently that a Chinese student who has been learning English for over ten years cannot even communicate with a native speaker.
It + be+ adj+ for sb. +to do sth
Sometimes even those top students who excel in grammar and writing skills find their English inadequate to express their thoughts freely.
im- / ir-/ il
A test of English will bring the college students an awareness of
the importance of oral English, and will thus help them with
their communicating skills.
第二段
On the other hand, some others still maintain that a good command of reading and writing kills will be enough for the English learners. detain/ retain/ sustain/ attain/ obtain
To some extent their opinion derives from the fact that students are already under considerable pressure from their coursework. Another required test will only add to their burden.
to large extent
acquire/inquire
Moreover, some students may take the shortcut by focusing on several guessed questions according to the fixed format of the test, hoping for the coincidence to bring them good luck.
absorb in/ concentrate on/ dedicate to/
indulge in
第三段
In my opinion, a test of spoken English will do more good than harm.
Since China will continue its policy of opening and reform, the ability to speak English fluently is a must for anyone who wants to surpass
others in a highly competitive society. Whether I take the test or not, I shall spare no efforts to practice oral English in the remaining years of my college study.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Should one expect a reward when doing a good deed? You should write at 150 words following the outline below:
1.有人做好事期望得到回报。
2.有人认为应该像雷锋那样做好事不图回报。
3.我的观点。
第一段
Different people hold different views about whether or not one should expect a reward when doing a good deed.
Opinions are divided on the question that…
Opinions vary from person to person when they face that…
Some argue that people should be given a certain reward for their good deed, because they believe the saying “No pains, no gains”.
argue
=believe=maintain=consider=assume
=deem= insist=be convinced = reckon
harbor the idea that…
=take the attitude that…
=hold the view that…
because
= as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that)，in that
because of
= on account of, due to , thanks to, owing to，as a result of
Since we’ve no money, we can’t buy it.
由于我们没钱，我们无法购买它。
The woolly shrank because it was washed badly.
毛衣因洗的方法不好而缩水。
Seeing that it’s raining, we’d better stay indoors.
因为外边在下雨，我们最好待在室内。
Now that you are here, you’d better stay.
你既然来了，最好还是留下吧。
In addition, they maintain that in some sense rewards can stimulate people’s enthusiasm to do good deeds.
in addition
in some sense= to some extent
encourage; incite; embolden; hearten;
pull for; pat sb. on the back
Firstly:
previously, initially, originally, principally, basically, commonly, fundamentally
to begin with, to start with, first of all
Then
subsequently, afterward, what is more,
furthermore
Lastly
ultimately, eventually, in conclusion,
to conclude, as a final point, last of all,
last but not least, finally…
第二段
However, others have different viewpoint.
However
＝nevertheless, nonetheless,
on the contrary, on the other hand
It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.
There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.
A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is. Contrary to what is widely accepted, others maintain that …
They regard Leifeng as a model, who always helps others without ever expecting and reward.
regard as
= serve as, treat as, consider as
They assume that doing a good deed should be based on people’s individual consciousness of responsibility, and hence little significance should be attached to monetary reward.
be attached to
1.喜欢，喜爱，爱慕，依恋，对…有感情
2.隶属于；附属于
hence
so, therefore, thus, consequently, accordingly, as a result, that’s why
In addition, one can enjoy the happiness and peace through what he had done, they think, which is the best return.
enjoy
=feast =bask =be keen on = be fond of
第三段
Personally, I prefer the latter opinion. It is imperative for us to conduct good deeds without expecting any reward.
Personally
=In my opinion =For my part
=To my knowledge…
=From my personal perspective…
=As far as I am concerned…
=From my point of view…
imperative
=needful=indispensable=requisite
It be+adj/n.+for sb.+to do sth.
For one thing, the authorities should make laws and regulations to encourage people to do good deeds.
For another, people’s awareness should be cultivated that conducing good deeds is extremely meaningful to our lives.
extremely
=acutely=decidedly= deeply=exceedingly,
=uncommonly=profoundly=unusually
It should be universally acknowledged that we do good deeds for enjoyment, self-fulfillment and spiritual enhancement, not for the rewards.