英语语法非常简单的讲解Grammar

Simple Present

Simple Present is the most basic verb tense in English. It has several uses:

STRUCTURE

Subject + Base Verb + Object

Examples:

?I like pizza.

?She lives in Toronto.

?We have a dog.

?They go to school.

For "he", "she", and "it" use the third-person verb. This is the same as the base verb, but it has an "s" on the end:

1. Base Verb -------- play, live, run

2. 3rd Person Verb -------- play s, live s, run s

This table shows the difference between the third person pronouns. Notice the "s" on the end of the word.

Base Verb3rd Person

I live in Vancouver.He live s in Vancouver.

You play soccer.She play s soccer.

Tom and Dan (they) like basketball.Tom (he) like s basketball.

The books (they) look old.The book (it) look s old.

Here are all the pronouns with the verbs in simple present:

●I like pizza.

●You like pizza.

●He like s pizza.

●She like s pizza.

●It like s pizza.

●We like pizza.

●They like pizza.

Negatives

Negatives in simple present use do not or does not. They also use be + not.

Do Not/Does Not

Subject + Do/Does +not + base verb

Examples:

I do not like pizza.

She does not play baseball.

After do not or does not the verb is always in the base form.

?He likes soccer.

?He does not like soccer.

?She studies English.

?She does not study English.

Here is a table that shows all the negative forms using do not or does not in the simple present.

Be + Not

Negative sentences can also use the verb to be and not. They look like these examples:

I am not a doctor.

?She is not hungry.

?They are not from Africa.

Simple Past

?The simple past tense in English is formed like this: Regular Verbs

Subject + Verb + ED

Examples:

I played hockey yesterday.

?He jumped on the bed.

?

Irregular Verbs

Irregular verbs don’t end in "ed". They have different endings. They are called irregular verbs because their endings are different.

Examples:

Go = went

?Have = had

Verb to be in the simple past

USES

Actions at a specific time in the past

?I ate dinner at 5:00 pm yesterday.

?He went to school this morning. Completed actions in the past

?I finished my homework before dinner.

?She quit her job.

Past status

?I was a teacher 5 years ago.

?They were tired last night. NEGATIVES

Subject + Did + Not + Base Verb

Examples:

I did not eat yesterday.

?They didn't (did not) go to class last week.

QUESTIONS

Questions in simple past are the same as in the simple present. There are 2 types:

1. Did

2. Was/Were

Did + Subject + Verb (in present)

Examples:

Did you eat yesterday?

?Did they go to the store last week?

Was/Were + Subject

Examples:

Was he tired last night?

?Were they late this morning?

?

SIMPLE PAST TIME PHRASES

Simple Future The future tense in English is formed in two ways:

1. Will

2. Going to

Will

Subject + will + base verb + object

?I will go to work tomorrow.

?They will eat seafood for dinner.

Will is always followed by a base verb.

?I sing.

?He sing s.

?I will sing.

?He will sing.

Contractions with Will

I will I`ll

You will You`ll

He will He`ll

She will She`ll

It will It`ll

We will We`ll

They will They`ll

Going to

Subject + verb to be + going to + base verb + object ?I am going to eat pizza for dinner.

?He is going to go to work tomorrow.

?They are going to have a party on Saturday.

Notice how the verb "to be" must agree with its subject.

QUESTIONS

For questions in the simple future, change the subject and the

auxiliary verb.

Will you come to the party?

?Will she go to work tomorrow?

?Are you going to come to the party?

?Is he going to play soccer tonight?

NEGATIVES

For negatives in the simple future, use "not".

?I will not cook dinner tonight.

?I am not going to cook dinner tonight.

Contraction:

will not = won't

?I won’t go to the party tomorrow.

?Greg won't like the movie.

Present Continuous

The present continuous is a verb tense used to show actions in the present. These actions are happening right now.

STRUCTURE

Subject + Verb “to be” + Verb + ing (gerund)

?I am talking.

?She is not singing.

?They are watching a movie.

USES

Present continuous is used for actions happening right now.

?I am eating dinner now.

?He is listening to music.

Now can mean many things. It may mean right now or this second. It can also mean these days or this year.

I am listening to music right now.

(This describes the action happening right now)

I am working at Burger King.

(The person is not working this minute, but in general)

The second example shows how simple present and present continuous can be used in the same way.

How are you? How are you doing?

I live in Toronto. I am living in Toronto.

I teach at Chester High School. I am teaching at Chester. QUESTIONS

The verb and the subject are reversed to form a question with

the present continuous.

Yes/No Questions

Is he eating dinner? Yes . he is eating dinner.

Are you watching a movie? No. I am playing piano

WH Questions

Where is he going?

What are you doing?

Why is she singing?

Past Continuous

Past continuous is a verb tense also called past progressive.It is used for continuous actions in the past.

STRUCTURE

Subject + Was/Were + Verb + ING Examples:

?I was sleeping.

?They were dancing.

Past continuous is used to show an action that was continuing in the past until another action interrupted it.

The continuing action is past continuous and the interrupting action is simple past.

Example:

I was sleeping when you called me.

?(The action of sleeping was continuing over time until

the telephone call interrupted the sleeping.)

Here are some more examples:

She was playing in the park when it started to rain.

?While they were talking, the pizza arrived.

?The car crashed when we were walking across the street. An expression of time can be used as an interruption as well.

?We were eating dinner at 4 o’clock.

?At 6 o’clock we were still studying for our test.

Here are some more uses of the past continuous:

Parallel Actions

Past continuous is used to show two actions happening at the same time in the past.

I was reading and he was watching TV.

?While she was sleeping, Jack was doing his homework. Notice the word "while" is often used in these situations: While I was cleaning, she was watching television.

?He was talking while she was studying.

Repetition in the Past

Past Continuous can also be used to show actions that happened many times in the past.

He was always breaking something when he was a child.

?I couldn't enjoy the movie because the people behind me were talking the whole time.

Here are some more tips for using the past continous:

Past continuous can often be used in the same places as simple past.

?Yesterday I read a book.

?Yesterday I was reading a book.

Often it is determined by the question.

What were you doing yesterday? I was reading.

?What did you do yesterday? I read.

Remember that, just like present continuous, you cannot use non-continuous verbs in continuous tenses.

INCORRECT

?I was liking pizza when I was young.

CORRECT

?I liked pizza when I was young.

INCORRECT

?I was wanting to eat pizza yesterday.

CORRECT

?I wanted to eat pizza yesterday.

For more information on stative verbs, try the stative/dynamic verbs lesson.

Present Perfect

?

Present perfect is one of the most important English verb tenses.

STRUCTURE

Subject + Have/Has + (Not or Never) + Past Participle + Object

I have eaten.

?She has not eaten.

Contractions:

Have + Not = haven’t

Has + Not = hasn’t

QUESTIONS

Have/Has + Subject + Past Participle + Object

Have you visited Texas?

?Has she driven a motorcycle?

Answers:

Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.

Yes, she has. No, she hasn't. USES

Actions in the past with no specific time. This means the time is unknown or not important.

I have visited Montreal.

?They have tried sushi.

Activities that affect the present or continue in the present

?I have been a teacher for 10 years.

?(This person continues to be a teacher)

She has always loved to read.

?(She still loves to read)

Present Perfect is used differently than Simple Past.

I have been to England. (No time)

?I went to England last year. (Time)

You can't use Present Perfect with time phrases.

Example:

yesterday, last week, 3 days ago, when I was 16, etc.

You can use Present perfect with

ever, never, once, several times, a few times, still, yet, already Examples:

I have eaten sushi yesterday. (incorrect)

?I have eaten sushi 3 times. (correct)

She has learned English 3 years ago. (incorrect)

?She has never learned English. (correct)

Past Perfect

The past perfect is similar to the present perfect, but it is used differently. STRUCTURE

To form the past perfect, use this structure:

Subject + Had + Past Participle

Here are some examples:

I had tried sushi before I went to Japan.

?I had done my homework already.

The past perfect always uses "had", which is the verb "have"

in the past. It is common to use a contraction with "had":

USES

Actions in the past that happen before another action. The 1st action is in past perfect and the second action is in simple past.

?Take a look at this situation and how past perfect is used:

7:00 I ate dinner.

9:00 She invited me to a restaurant.

She invited me to a restaurant but I had eaten dinner. Here are some examples of the past perfect:

I had never been to his house before I went to his party.

?I arrived at the station at 9:00 am, but the train had left.

?I had not met his girlfriend before.

?He had not studied English before he came to Canada.

Past Perfect and Present Perfect

Past perfect is present perfect in the past. Look at the

example to understand how past perfect works the same as

present perfect.

(Monday)

Tom: Would you like to go out for dinner?

Jane: No. I have already eaten dinner. (Present Perfect)

(Tuesday)

Kim: Did you go out for dinner with Jane?

Tom: No. I invited her to dinner, but she had already eaten.

This means the words that are common with present perfect

can also be used in the past. These include ALREADY, YET,

STILL, SINCE, and FOR.

My teacher asked me for my project, but I had not finished it yet.

?He introduced me to his father, and I realized had already met him.

?I ate a lot of food last night for dinner, because I hadn't eaten anything since breakfast.

?I had not seen my sister for 3 months.

英语语法习题及解析

高考英语语法练习题精选 1. --Hello, this is . A. How are you? B. Will you come tonight? C. Can I take a mesage? D. Is that Mike? 2. Tom suggested that we __________such a meeting, but Jenny insisted that it _________of great importance. A. not hold ; should be B. didn't hold ; be C. hold ; was D. not hold ; was 3. You should take the medicine after you read the __________. A. lines B. instructions C. words D. suggestions 4. --Hi, Tracy, you look tired. --I am tired. I__________ the living-room all day. A. painted B. have been painting C. had painted D. have painted 5. I'm sorry. I _____________ you__________ to me. A. don't know; are speaking B. don't know ;were speaking C. didn't know; were speaking D. didn't know; are speaking 6. "Please __________why you're so late," said his girlfriend. A. excuse B. explain C. apologize D. tell 7. The rescue team made every __________ to find the missing mountain climber.

英语语法大攻克--现在完成时的讲解

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大学英语语法结构分析

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【英语】 英语语法填空专题练习(及答案)及解析

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大学英语语法直播课第二讲

简单句 谓语动词的变化-时态 So Charles was ahead of the game there, too. （CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section A) The marketers are also seeing big opportunities. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) 这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多威胁。(CET 4, 2014.12,Translation) The bamboo-eating animals are facing a lot of threats. … the process of urbanization will only accelerate in the decades to come… (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) But the Internet ’ s tremendous impact has only ju st begun. (CET 4, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) The royal environmentalist has been promoting radical ideas for most of his adult life. （CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section A) 谓语动词的变化-情态- 3 - …we can reduce urbanization ’s impact on the environment. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) 谓语动词的变化-语态 They are only limited by their curiosity and ambition. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) Silicon Valley executives are being shamed into adding women to their boards. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) 谓语动词的变化-否定 Governments don ’ t need informers any more. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) Sports cannot explain these similarities in performance. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section B) 谓语动词的变化-综合 The urbanization wave can ’ t be stopped … (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) 土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版牛津（Oxford）英语词典。(CET 6, 2014.06,Translation) The words tuhao and dama may be included in the new edition of Oxford English Dictionary. 主语宾语表语的变化 名词作主语 Many students entering college have weak skills in mathematics. (CET 4, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section A) That change is the rapid acceleration of urbanization. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) doing作主语 Finding ways to improve the lives of the remaining 20 percent seems more realistic than trying to restore an imaginary golden age. (CET 4, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) to do作主语

(完整版)(英语语法)四种完成时态

LESSON EIGHT 四种完成时态 主系表 现在：You are rich. 过去：You were rich. 将来：You will be rich. 过去将来：You would be rich. There be 现在：There is a book on the desk . 过去：There was a book on the desk. 将来：There will be a book on the desk. 过去将来：There would be a book on the desk. 主谓宾状 现在：You study English in the school. 过去时：You studied English in the school. 将来时: You will study English in the school. You are going to study English. You are to study English. You are about to study English 过去将来：You would study English in the school You were going to study English. You were to study English. You were about to study English. You are studying English. You were studying English. You will be studying English. You woud be studying English. 课堂练习 1：你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他？ 2：你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗？3：你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬bit bite你吗？ 4：我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.

一年级第一册英语语法部分重点总结

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