语法填空专项训练介词

语法填空专项训练---介词

介词是高考中的一个重要考点，在连续两年的高考中都有两空是专门考查介词的，占语法填空的五分之一。该题要求“在空格处填入一个适当的词”的限定，所以我们要重点关注简单介词(一个单词的介词)，主要考点有：

1.表示时间介词有:

at, in, on 表示时间点和时间段

by 不迟于，到……时为止after 在……之后

before 在……之前since 自从……

for 表示一段时间; during 在……期间

within在……期间，不超过

throughout贯穿……期间

over在……期间，过完一段时间

from…to…从……到

until/till直到

between在……之间

2. 表示方位的介词有：

into进入；out of从……出来；along沿着；

(a)round围饶着或在……的各处；

down沿……而下；up沿……而上；from从；

off从……离开或下来；at朝着或向着；

for到……去；to到或向；towards向或朝着；

at在某一点或在(某物)旁；

in在某一范围内；on在某物的表面上；

above在……的上头或高出；

below在…下面或低于；among在(多者)之中；

between在(两者)之间；around在……周围；

inside在……的里面；

outside在……的外面；

before在……之前；

behind在……的后面；

over在……的上方或上面；

under在……的下面或下方；

beside/by在……的旁边；

near在……的附近；

beyond在……的那一边，远于，超过(某事物的范围)；

across在……的对面或那一边；

against靠着；

across从一边到另一边；

by/past从某人或某物的旁边经过；

over从某人或某物的上空经过；

through从某事物的里面经过。

3. 表示原因的介词有because of, owing to, due to, for, with, at(常放在表示情感变化后的动词、形容词或名词后表示原因，相当于“听到或看到”)等。

4. 表示方式、方法或手段的介词有by乘、坐、骑(接交通工具), 靠、通过；in 用(某种语言或材料，如墨水等)；with用(具体的工具)，和……一起；through通过(实践或书本)等。

5. 表示“除……外”的介词有except, besides, but, except for等。

6. 表示“数量”的about(大约), around(大约), over(超过)等；表示“关于”的on, about 等；表示“所属”“部分与整体关系”的of；表示(增加/减少，相差，高出等的)程度的by；以及as(当作，作为)，like(像…一样)等。

7. 能接复合宾语的介词有with和without。

8. 短语中的介词。如“动词+介词”短语，如look after, care for，congratulations on 等；“动词+副词+介词”短语，如catch up with, get on with, work hard at, do well in 等；“动词+名词+介词”take are of, take notice of等；

“名词+介词”，如effect on等。

解题技巧：

1. 什么情况下可能是填介词？

我们首先必须知道两点：

(1)介词必须要接宾语，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词，或者what从句；

(2)名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词的宾语、介词的宾语。

因此，我们在解答语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词时，且他们不是在句中作主语，也不是在动词后作宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。

2. 应该填哪个介词？

在判断可能填介词之后，要根据具体的语境来确定填哪个介词，特别是根据空格所在句子的意思来选择一个恰当的介词。另外，以下几条思路对解题非常有用：(1)由介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系来确定。2008年广东高考36题，“感到累了”应当是“干活一整天之后”，故填after。

(2)由所处句型的特殊需要来确定。如2008年广东高考31题，这是一个there be 句型，该句型一般是表示“在某个地点存在某人或某物”；可见“_______these proverbs”应当是表示地点的；不难得知“有趣故事”应当是在“这些成语的背后”，故填behind。

(3)由特殊的结构关系来确定。如能接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)的介词只能是with或without。

(4)考虑介词(空格)与前面的动词或名词之间的搭配关系，或者介词(空格)与后面名词之间的搭配关系来确定具体要填的介词。

[例1]Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chines e people’s daily life. _____these proverbs there are often interesting stories. (广东)

分析：因these proverbs是名词，且不是作主语、宾语、表语等，前面很可能是填介词；句意是“在中国的这些成语故事的背后常常有有趣的故事”，表示“在……背后”，用介词behind。

[例2]He was very tired _______ doing this for a whole day...

分析：累了必定是在干了一整天活之后，故填after；另外，表示“因……而累”，be tired from也是固定短语，故也可填from。

[例3]…the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me ______a guest in their house.

分析：句意是“把我们作为客人接待”，表示“当作，作为”用介词as。

[例4]I wanted to reward the old woman ______the trouble I had caused her.

分析：句意是“我想酬谢我们给她造成了麻烦的那个年迈的妇女。” 表示“因……而酬谢/报答某人”，是reward sb. for sth.，即用for引出原因，故填for。

类似的表达还有: thank sb. for sth.; praise sb. for sth.; punish sb. for sth.等。

一、单句填空：用适当的介词填空。

1. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank ______ a chair. (安徽)

2. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ______ the back door. (北京)

3. A great man shows his greatness ______ the way he treats little men. (福建)

4. You have no idea how she finished the relay race ______ her foot wounded so much. (福建)

5. I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and ___________ the point. (辽宁)

6. Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing ______ a stepping-stone to future success. (宁夏)

7. Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ______ working here. (全国Ⅱ)

8. I began to feel _________ home in the new school when I saw some familiar faces. (山东)

9. Elizabeth has already achieved success ______ her wildest dreams. (陕西)

10. Everything was perfect for the picnic except _________ the weather. (浙江)

11. This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school ______ girls of your age. (北京)

12. Although _________ my opinion, the old professor didn’t come up with his own. (福建)

13. ______ the silence of the p auses, we could hear each other’s breathing and could almost hear our own heartbeats. (湖南)

14. Scientists are convinced ______ the positive effect of laughter ______ physical and mental health. (江西)

15. Experts have been warning ______ some time of the health risks caused by passive smoking. (江西)

16. The manager suggested an earlier date ______ the meeting. (全国I)

17. Some people choose jobs for other reasons _________ money these days.(全国II)

18. Some students often listen to music ______ classes to refresh themselves. (四川)

19. The open-air celebration has been put off because ______ the bad weather. (浙江)

20. Sorry, Madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s _________the visiting hours. (福建)

21. It’s quite__________ me why such things have been allowed to happen. (安徽)

22. —It’s a top secret.

—Yes, I see. I will keep the secret ________ you and me.(上海)

23. People have always been curious?______ how living things on the earth exactly began. (辽宁)

24. After the earthquake, the injured were cared?______ in the local hospitals or taken to the hospitals in the neighboring cities. (江西)

25. I would like a job which pays more, but ______ the other hand I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment. (浙江)

26. More and more young people are fond __________ playing tennis nowadays. (上海)

27. Leave your key with a neighbor ______ case you lock yourself out one day. (北京)

28. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, __________ which there won’t be much work. (上海)

29. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, ______ which New York is an example. (四川)

30. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _________which appeared a rare rainbow soon. (福建)

31. The book was written in 1946, ______ when the education system has witnessed great charges. (山东)

32. He was educated at the local high school, ______ which he went on to Beijing University. (江苏)

33. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______which they can be controlled on purpose. (重庆)

二、语篇模拟：用适当的介词填空。

Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day

[1]______children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A

woman[2]______the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought[3] ______ the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon [4]______ 1909.

Having been raised [5]______ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was [6]______her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was,[7] ______the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration [8]______ Spokane, Washington

[9]______the 19th of June, 1910.

In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June

[10]______Father's Day. Roses are the Father's Day flowers.

In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June

[10]______Father's Day. Roses are the Father's Day flowers.

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高考英语二轮复习语法填空专题训练10篇（附解析）一. When Mariah Nablo was six years old, she learned that gorillas in Africa were in danger of dying out as a result of people’s illegal mining for Coltan, a material 1 （use）to make cell phones. Mariah was so moved by 2 she learned that she wanted to do something about it. But what? Her inspiration came when she was visiting the Buffalo Zoo. She saw a sign on a box 3 (say) “Answer the call of the wild. Recycle cell phones and help save gorillas.” This is when she learned about 4 organization called Eco-Cell. Through Eco-Cell, she realized that one way she could help protect gorillas was to collect cell phones for recycling. This not only keeps cell phones out of landfills(垃圾场), but 5 (reduce) the need for Coltan and illegal mining. So, at age 6, Mariah became the 6 (young) Eco-Cell Conservation Partner. 7 the help of her parents, she started her charity, Mariah Saves Gorillas! Mariah is now 16 years old! And her organization, for the past 9 years, 8 (collect) thousands of cell phones and kept e-waste out of landfills! And, more 9 (recent), Mariah has been spending her time 10 (educate) people about the environment, our devices and their impact on the gorillas. 二. Zhalong is a nature reserve in Heilongjiang in northeast China. It is one of 1 world’s most important wetlands. The area provides food and shelter for wildlife. Many birds live 2 (comfortable) in Zhalong Nature Reserve all year round, 3 some only stay there for a short time. There are many fish in the wetlands, and the birds can easily catch them 4 food. Zhalong Nature Reserve is an important 5 (live) area for the rare red-crowned cranes. There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world. Some of them live in Zhalong. Some people want to change the wetlands to make 6 (much) space for farms and buildings. This 7 (mean) there will be less and less space for wildlife. This year, members of our Bird Watching Club 8 (be) going to study the different kinds of birds in Zhalong and do a bird count. We are now inviting secondary school students 9 (help). We need more people to help us count and do something to help the birds. Many people do not understand the 10 (important) of the wetlands. We hope this information will help them understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife. 三. Every single day things happen that change our feelings and emotions! Depending on 1 happens to us, we may become happy, angry, sad, 2 (excite) or one of many other emotions! Feelings and emotions are a gift to us and one of the things that make humans different than other species. So, it is very 3 (nature) to feel angry or scared! It is also important for us to think why we feel a certain way. If we think about what it is 4 makes us feel like we do, we can then try to control our reactions. But this is 5 (easy) said than done! Sometimes, our emotions seem to take control of us.