并列句和状语从句教学提纲

并列句和状语从句一并列句

(2016·四川高考语法填空)It was time for her to have a new baby, ____________ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.

单句语法填空/单句改错（一）

1．(2015·北京高考单项填空)He is a shy man，____________ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.

2．(全国卷Ⅰ)But the river wasn’t changed in a few days ____________ even a few months.

3．(广东高考)Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much ____________ too little.

4．(2015·四川高考短文改错)In fact, I don’t like to go anymore, so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship. 5．(2016·全国卷乙短文改错)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.

二状语从句

考点一、让步状语从句

1．though/although：在句子中一般用了“虽然(though/although)”就不能再用“但是(but)”，但可以与yet 或still连用；though与although意义相同，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化，后者正式，多放在主句的前面。

◆regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.

2．even if 和even though的意思为“即使，纵使”，有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中。

◆I am very busy, I will give you a hand when you are in trouble.

3．as引导的让步状语从句多用于书面语，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形。若表语是单数可数名词，则该名词提前时，省去其前的冠词。

◆Hot the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.

4．no matter(who, what, when, where, which, how…)：n o matter…与wh－ever引导的让步状语从句意义基本一样，no matter…引导的从句可位于主句前或主句后。

◆busy you are, you should set aside half an hour to take exercise.

5．wh－ever(whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever/whichever); however。

(1)wh－ever从句中的动词有时可以和may连用；

(2)wh－ever可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句；no matter…只能引导让步状语从句。

◆you like, I ‘ll buy it for you.

I ‘ll buy you like.

6．whether…or…引导的让步状语从句，意为“不论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。

◆We’ll go on with the work, we can find the necessary tools we cannot.不管我们能否找到所需的工具，我们都要把这件工作做下去。

7．while也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，一般放在句首。

◆my mother loves me very much, she is very strict with me.

(2015·浙江高考短文改错)If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.

考点二、时间状语从句

1．when, while和as的用法

连词含义及用法例句

when “当……时候”，可与延续性动词或短暂

性动词连用；从句动作可以发生在主句

动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生

. you apply for a job, you must

present your credentials.

while “当……时候”，一般与延续性动词连

用，从句动作与主句动作同时发生

Please don’t talk so loud others

are working.

as “一边……一边……”，“随着……”，

从句动作与主句动作同时或交替发生

. he grew older, he became less

active.

He looked behind he went.

如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when, while与as可互换使用。

◆When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.

我正沿着大街走时，碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。

2．before与since的用法

(1)before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没来得及……就……”。常用于句型“It will be/was＋时间段＋before从句”(在……之前还要多久，过了多久才……)。

◆John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job.

(2)since表示“自从……以来”，常用于“It is/has been＋时间段＋since从句”结构。该句型表示“自从开始(不做)……已经多长时间了”，一般从句的时态用一般过去时，主句中的时态用现在完成时。

◆As is reported, it is over 100 years Tsinghua University was founded.

3．not…until…表示“直到……才”

◆As far as I know, his mother (go) to bed he returns home every evening.

4as soon as/hardly…when/no sooner…than/the momen t/the instant/the second/immediately/directly/instantly hardly…when和no sooner…than的意义相当于as soon as，但只表示过去发生的事情，主句为过去完成时，从句为过去时，hardly或no sooner位于句首时语气强，而且主句的谓语要用部分倒装。

◆Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a larger one it becomes available.

I had hardly got home when it began to rain.--

We had no sooner arrived at the station than the train left.--

5．every time/each time/last time/next time/by the time：在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时或过去将来时，而要用一般现在时或一般过去时代替将来时。

◆Next time he (come) here, I will tell him.

(全国卷Ⅰ改错)He even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me.

考点三、地点状语从句和条件状语从句

1．地点状语从句表示地点、方位，通常由where，wherever引导，可置于句首、句中或句尾。地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。

◆I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise I am sitting.

◆there’s a will, there’s a way.

(重庆高考单项填空)Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi ____________ the bus h ad dropped her.

where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别

where引导地点状语从句直接修饰主句的谓语动词，而在定语从句中where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面，即此时有明显的地点名词。

◆When solving the problem a second time, you’d better be more careful you made a mistake.

＝When solving the problem a second time, you’d bett er be more careful in the place you made a mistake.

2．条件状语从句常用引导词：if/unless/as long as/so long as/in case/so far as/as far as。

(1)unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式；unless和if…not同义，unless是书面语，if…not是口语，二者通常可以换用。

◆We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday it rains or it’s very cold.

◆My parents don’t mind what job I do I am happy.

(2)条件状语从句的时态

在条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来含义；现在完成时表即将完成之后的情况；一般过去时表过去将来的含义。

◆If everyone (do) his part, the project will surely be a success.

考点四、其他状语从句

1．目的状语从句

(1)so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句中常用情态动词can，could等。in order that引导的从句可位于主句之前或之后，so that引导的从句只能位于主句之后。

◆The police officers in our city work hard we can live a safe life.

目的状语从句可以用so as to, in order to等代替，但主句和从句的主语必须一致。

◆He got up early he could catch the early bus.

＝He got up early catch the early bus.

(2)for fear that(唯恐，以防)与in case所引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词有时也用should/might/could ＋动词原形。

◆The boy hid himself behind the tree his father might see him.