英语词汇学试题汇编

英语词汇学试题汇编

Chapter 1 Basic Concept of Words and Vocabulary

1. Which of the following statements is CORRECT

A. The English language is noted for its modest borrowings.

B. Loan words only refer to those borrowings in form.

C. Loan words are all unrecognizable as being foreign in origin.

D. Loan words can be grouped according to manner of borrowing.

2. The term "vocabulary "is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that_____.

A. it can refer to the common core of a language

B. it can refer to the total number of the words in a language

；

C. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical period

D. it can stand for words in a given dialect or field

3. A word is a symbol that________.

A. is used by the same speech community

B. represents something else in the world

C. is both simple and complex in nature

D. shows different ideas in different sounds

4. Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they

A. are complex words.

B. are technical word

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C. refer to the commonest things in life.

D. denote the most important concepts.

5. The basic word stock forms the common____of the language.

6. The relationship between sound and meaning is arbitrary or____. 7．Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but have limited_____________

概念：jargon

Chapter 2 The Development of the English Vocabulary

1. __is considered to be a highly-inflected language.

A Old English B. Middle English

C. Early Modem English

D. Late Modem English

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2. The introduction of______ at the end of the'-6th century had a great impact on the English vocabulary.

A. printing, B Christianity C. French words D. all the above

3. Though still at work today, ___can hardly compare with what it was in the past.

A. word-formation

B. borrowing

C. derivation

D. conversion

4. Early Modern English refers to the language spoken

A. from 1066 to 1500

B. from 1150 to 1500

C. from 1500 to 1700

D. from 1600 to 1800

5. Old English has a vocabulary of about_______words.

A. 30,000 to 40,000

B. 50,000 to 60,000

C. 70,000 to 80,000

D. 80,000 to 90,000

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6. Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of___

in the Middle English period.

A. Dutch origin

B. Danish origin

C. Latin origin

D. Greek origin

概念：Germanic，Old English

简答：Is it true that archaic and obsolete words in English will remain for ever out of use

Chapter 3 Word Formation I

1. A morpheme that can stand alone as a word is thought to be----- .

A. affixational

B. derivational

C. free

D. bound

2. Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as____

》

A. bound roots

B. free morphemes

C. inflectional morphemes

D. derivational affixes

3. ______are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words.

A. Roots

B. Stems

C. Affixes D, Compounds

4. Bound morphemes include two types: bound root and____

5. Almost all affixes are_____________ morphemes because few can be used as independent words.

概念：morphs，allomorph，morpheme

简答：1。What is the difference between partial and full conversion Explain with two examples.

2．How do you distinguish inflectional affixes and derivational affixes

Chapter 4 Word Formation II

·

1. Which of the following is a prefix of time and order

A. extra-

B. pro-

C. re-

D. semi-

2. Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping

A. Dorm

B. motel

C. Gent "

D. Zoo”

简答：How would you explain the difference between back formation and suffixation Give example to illustrate your point.

分析：Analyze the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the

unbearable, international, ex-prisoner.

Chapter 5 Word Meaning

1. The relationship between the linguistic sign and a referent is___

A. conventional

B. non-conventional

C. concrete

D. specific

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2. Which of the following statements is true

A. Every word has reference.

B Every word has sense.

C. Every word is semantically motivated.

D. Every word is conceptually motivated.

3. The relationship between words and things in the world is established by means of_____

A reference B. sense C. concept D. meaning

4. Which of the following statements is Not true

A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world.

B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary.

—

C. Concept is universal to all men alike.

D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language.

5. The word "laconic" is_____

A. onomatopoeically motivated

B. morphologically motivated

C. semantically motivated

D. etymologically motivated

6. Conceptual meaning is also known as _______meaning.

7. _________meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs, etc.

概念：semantic motivation，colocative meaning

简答：What is collocative meaning Give one example to illustrate your point.

分析：The 'pen' is mightier than the 'sword'.

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Explain what 'pen' and 'sword' mean respectively using the theory of motivation, Chapter 6 Sense Relations and Semantic Field

1. The way to define an antonym is based on___.

A. contradiction

B. contrariness C oppositeness D. relativeness

2. According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into____.

A. perfect homonyms

B. homonyms

C. homophones

D. all the above

3. The fact that the whole vocabulary can be divided up into fields can be exemplified by-----

A Roger's Thesaurus B. Concise Oxford Dictionary

C. New Webster's Dictionary

D. Co-build Dictionary

4. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of____.

,

A. humor

B. sarcasm

C. ridicule

D. all the above 5．Antonyms are classified on the basis of

概念：synonym

简答：what's the fundamental difference between radiation and concatenation Illustrate your point

分析：1。Comment on the following pairs of sentences in terms of subordinates and superordinates.

a. The girl got a book in the university.

b. The girl borrowed a dictionary from the department.

2. Comment on the following pairs of sentences in terms of superordinates and subordinates.

a. The man said he would come to our school next week.

b. The visiting scholar said he would visit our university next Monday.

、

Chapter 7 Changes in Word Meaning

1. Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example:

A. ad for "advertisement"

B. dish for "food"

C. fond for" affectionate "

D. an editorial for "an editorial article"

2. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example

A. lewd →ignorant

B. silly →foolish

C. last →pleasure

D. knave →boy

3. The four major modes of semantic change are____.

A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradation

B. extension, generalization, elevation and degradation

。

C. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradation

D. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation

4. The degraded meaning "sexual desire" of the word "lust" comes from its old meaning_____

5. The word ______ has the old meaning ' servant" and the elevated meaning "head of a ministry".

6．The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called________

概念：pejoration，transfer

Chapter 8 Meaning and Context

1. Context _____ meaning.

A. explains

B. interprets

C. defines D all the above

2. It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over___.

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A. the reader's interpretation

B. the neighboring words

C. the writer's intention

D. the etymology of the word

3. The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning

form___ .

A. physical context

B. grammatical context

C. lexical context

D. linguistic context

4. "Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Centre." The clue provided in the context is____

A. definition

B. explanation

C. example

D. hyponymy

5. We can work out the meaning of “heliocentric”and “geocentric”according to

A. morphological structure

B. relevant details

C. grammatical structure

D. physical context

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5. What causes the ambiguity of the sentence "I like Mary better than Janet"

A. Vocabulary.

B. Situation.

C. Structure.

D. None of the above.

6. Grammatical context refers to_____in which a word is used.

A. vocabulary

B. grammar

C. semantic pattern

D. syntactic structure

6. When a word with more than one meaning is used in unclear context, it

creates___

简答：What is the role of context

分析：Study the following sentence, paying special attention to the words in italics. If you find anything wrong, please explain why and then improve the sentence.

The police were ordered to stop drinking about midnight.

Chapter 9 English Idioms

in the course book are used in a___.

-

A. broad sense

B. narrow sense

C. figurative sense

D. special sense

2. Structural stability means the structure of an idiom is generally____ .

A. movable

B. unstable

c. unchangeable D. ununderstandable

3. Sentence idioms can be divided into___

A. declarative, and imperative

B. interrogative and exclamative

C. verbal and adverbial D both A and B

4. The idiom "a dark horse" is a____.

A. simile

B. metaphor

C. metonymy

D. personification

5. An idiom differs from a free phrase in that the former is____and the latter is not.

A. structurally changeable

B. semantically analyzable

C. structurally fixed

D. easily understood

6. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called___

A. synecdoche

B. metonymy

C. substitution

D. metaphor

7. Idioms adjectival in nature function as____.

A. adjectives

B. attributes

C. modifiers

D. words

8. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning. This change of constituent is known as___

A. addition

B. replacement

C. position-shifting

D. variation

9．The same idiom may show_____differences when it is used in different meanings including affective meaning.

!

概念：variation of an idiom，idioms nominal in nature

简答：1。What are the stylistic features of idioms

2．What is dismembering

分析：Read the extract, pick out the idioms and explain their meanings. Then rewrite the extract in standard non-figurative language.

Sam is getting on, too. His hair is pepper and salt, but he knows how to make up for lost time by taking it easy.

Chapter 10 English Dictionary

1. Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary

A. The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology

B. Chamber's Encyclopedic English Dictionary

C. Longman Dictionary. of Phrasal Verbs

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D. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms

2. CCELD is distinctive for its _______________________

A. clear grammar codes

B. language notes

C. usage notes

D. extra columns

3. The headword 0r entries are defined in the same language in a _____dictionary. 4．LDCE is a_________________dictionary.

概念：dictionary，specialized dictionary，

搭配：

1. Match the words 0r expressions in column A with those in column B according to 1)sense relations，2)types 0f context，and 3)modes of word—meaning changes．(10％)

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( ) 21. difference in connotation A. fond (from "foolish" to "affectionate") ( ) 22. perfect homonym B. homely/domestic

( ) 23. degradation C. date; date ~

( ) 24. transfer D. diseasing (from "discomfort'" to "illness" ( ) 25. elevation E. fabulous (from "resembling a fable" to "incredible" ( ) 26. narrowing F journal (from "daily paper" to "periodical" ( ) 27. extension G. silly (from "happy" to "foolish")

( ) 28. generalization H. pitiful (from "full of pity" to "deserving pity" ( ) 29. grammatical context I. It was a nice ball.

( ) 30. lexical context J. Visiting aunts can be boring.

2. Match the words in column A with those in column B

according to 1)rhetorical feature of the idioms; 2)sense

relations；3)assimilation degree；14)characteristics of the

basic word stock and 5)motivation．(10％)

A B

21. reiteration ( ) A. high and low

22. repetition ( ) B. pick and choose

23. juxtaposition ( ) C. face to face

24. perfect homonym ( ) D. Failure is the mother of success.

25. personification, ( ) E. hiss

:

26 portus ( ) F. bear, bear

27. come ( ) G. twitter

( ) J. heart and soul

29. birds ( ) I port

30. snakes ( ) J. heart and soul

3. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes;2)types of meaning;3)Language branches and

4)features of idioms.

(lO%)

A B

21. grammatical meaning ( ) A. Scottish

22. reading-lamp ( ) B, neither fish, flesh, nor fowl

—

23. pen ( ) C. morphologically motivated

24. alliteration ( ) D. head of a state

25. difference in connotation ( ) E. answer/respond

26. elevation ( ) F. etymologically motivated

27. degradation ( ) G. garage ( a place for storing cars)

28. narrowing ( ) H. thing (any object or event)

29. extension ( ) I. part of speech

30. Celtic ( ) J. knave (a dishonest person)

1. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1)types of word formation, 2) types of affixes, 3) types of dictionaries, and 4) the type of idiom (10%)

LDCE

…

Deadline

-ize, -en, -ate

an affix that indicates grammatical relationships

VOA

The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology

CED

telephone →phone

fly in the ointment

hostess

2．Study thefollowing words and expressions and identify1) types of context clues;

2) types of word formation; 3)types of word-meaning changes and 4)rhetorical features of idioms. (10%)

《

making a restatement of a new word or concept in familiar words

sitcom

the usual amenities such as a pub, a post office and a school

from cradle to grave

might and main

fax

disobey, impolite,

hussy: "housewife" →"a woman of low morals"

disease: "discomfort" →"illness"

fond: "foolish" --* "affectionate"

3．Study the following words and expressions and identify 1)

types of bound morphemes underlined;2) types of word

formation; 3) types of meaning and 4) types of meaning oJ

idioms.(lO%)

heart and soul

father---male parent

mother--female parent

city-bred

lip-reading to lip-read

headache

antecdeent

preview

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第五章 词汇： reference n.所指 Concept n.概念 identical adj. 同一的；完全相同的 Motivation 理据 Onomatopoeic 拟声的 echoic 拟声的 morphological 形态的 opaque adj. 不透明的；不传热的；迟钝的 literal adj. 文字的；逐字的；无夸张的 figurative 形态的 associations 联想 Etymological 词源 monogamous 单配的 constant adj. 不变的 indeterminate 不确定的 archaic 旧的 Interjections 感叹词 overlaps n. 重叠部分 revealed v. 透露 要点： 一. 1.Reference –the relationship between language and the world.(cat,"she""annimal"ect.) ｛The reference of a word to a thing outside the language is a rbitrary and conventional. This connection is the result of generalization and abstraction. Although reference is abstract，yet with the help of context， it can refer to something specific. ｝

2.Concept–which beyond language, is the result of human cognition,reflecting the objective world in the human mind. It isn’t affected by language. Meaning and concept are closely connected but not identical. Meaning belongs to language，so is restricted to language use. A concept can have as many referring expressions as there are language in the world. 3.Sense – (the meaning of meaning.) denotes the relationship inside the language. Every word that has meaning has sense. The sense of an expression is its place in a system of semantic relationships with other expressions in the language. It is also abstraction. 二.Motivation-accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its mean ing. English does have words whose meanings can be explained to a certain extent. Most words are non-motivated. The connection of the sign and meaning dose not have a logical explanation. 1.Onomatopoeic Motivation – the words whose sounds suggest their meaning. （Indicate the relationship between sound and meaning）. Knowing the sounds of the words means understanding the meaning. These words we created by imitating the natural sounds or noises. (For example，bang，ping-pang，crow by cocks，etc. ) Such echoic words are also conventional for the sounds we say in English may not be the same in other language.

00832英语词汇学2014年04月真题及答案

全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 本试卷满分100分，考试时间150分钟. 考生答题注意事项： 1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效。试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。 2.第一部分为选择题。必须对应试卷上的题号使用28铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。 3.第二部分为非选择题。必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。 4.合理安排答题空间。超出答题区域无效。 第一部分选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(30%) 1.“Woman”becomes “Frau”in German, “femme”in French and “fùnǔ”in Chinese. This example shows that in different languages the same concept can be represented by different ______． A. sounds B．forms C. unities D．meanings 2.The following words of the basic word stock denote the most common things and phenomena of the world around us EXCEPT ______． A. fire B．hot C. photoscanning D．sister 3.Aliens are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling. Which of the following words comes from Chinese? A. Bazaar. B．Kowtow. C. Rajah. D．Blitzkrieg. 4.The Indo-European language family is made up of the languages of the following EXCEPT ______． A. Europe B．the Far East C. India D．the Near East 5. Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of new words in the present-day English vocabulary? A. The rapid development of modern science and technology. B．Social, economic and political changes. C. The invasion of foreign countries. D．The influence of other cultures and languages. 6. Modern English vocabulary develops through the following channels EXCEPT ______. A. creation B．borrowing

2000年至2012年全国自考英语词汇学试卷参考答案

参考答案 2000年4月份高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语词汇学试题参考答案 Ⅰ.1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.D Ⅱ.(10%) 16.transfer 17.OLD English 18.monolingual 19.semantically 20.extralinguistic/non-linguistic Ⅲ.21.D 22.F 23.A 24.J 25.B 26.C 27.I 28.E 29.G 30.H Ⅳ. 31.bound root 32.（head+tail）blinding 33.inflectional affix/morpheme 34.a+n 35.full conversion 36.suffix 37.reversativ 38.prefix of degree 39.prefix 40.number prefix Ⅴ.41.The process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms. 42.Native words, also known as Anglo-Saxon words, are words brought to Britian in the 5th century by the Germanic tribes. 43.The process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance. 44.The distinctive stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context. 45.A dictionary written in one language, or a dictionary in which entries are defined in the same language. Ⅵ.46.There are four types of motivation: 1）Onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc. 2）Morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc. 3）Semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc. 4）Etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc. 47.Key points:borrowing; dialects and regional English; figurative and euphemistic use of words; coincidence with idiomatic expressions. 48.Key points:definition; explanation; example; synonymy; antonymy; hyponymy; relevant details and word structure. Ⅶ.49. 1）Each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection （re+collect+ion）,nationalist（nation+al+ist）,unearthly（un+earth+ly）. 2）Of the nine morphemes, only "collect","nation" and "earth" are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves. 3）All the rest re-,-ion,-al,-ist,un- and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words. 50. 1）the stitch in time ----- a stitch in time saves nine（3分） 2）proverbs are concise, forcible and thought-provoking（1分） 3）using an old saying is more persuasive（2分） 4）the short form saves time, more colloquial（2分） 5）indicates intimacy or close relationship（1分）