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科技英语中目的状语从句和条件状语从句的翻译

科技英语中目的状语从句和条件状语从句的翻译
科技英语中目的状语从句和条件状语从句的翻译

科技英语中目的状语从句和条件状语从句的翻译(The translation of

Adverbial clause of purpose

Adverbial clause of condition)

(组员:李书群、彭丹、曹艳霞、李姗俊、皮秋林、刘伊洋)一、科技英语中目的状语从句的译法

英语中引导目的状语的从句的连词有:that, so that, in order that, lest, for the purpose that, to the end that, to the end that, in case等。应注意的是that 和so that既可以引导结果状语从句,也可以引导目的状语从句。

1.目的状语从句翻译方法:

前置法,后置法

(1)前置法——译成表示“目的”的前置状语,译为汉语的“为了”,要(使)等。

The travel plan was cancelled in order that the spread of SARS could be prevented.

为了防止非典的传染, 这次旅行计划给取消了。

He sent a bunch of flowers each day in order that he could win her love.

为了赢得她的芳心,他每天送她一束花。

(2)后置法——译成表示“目的”的后置状语,译成“为了”、“以便”、“以免”、“以防”等引导的目的状语修饰语。

You’d better take an umbrella with you in case it rains.

你最好带把伞以防下雨。

Besides learning the prescribed textbooks, you are supposed to read more books on your subject in order that you may expand your scope of knowledge.

为了扩大知识面,你们除了学好规定的教材之外,还应该阅读一些与专业相关的书籍。

(3)注意:翻译目的状语从句所采用的两种方法(前置法和后置法)很多情况下可以相互转换。如:

Sometimes a typewriter keyboard is attached to the television, so that information can be typed directly to the computer.

为了能把信息直接输入计算机,有时电视机还附加有一个打字机键盘。(前置法)有时电视机还附加有一个打字机键盘,以便能把信息直接输入计算机。(后置法)

(4)结果状语从句与目的状语从句的区别

二、科技英语中条件状语从句的译法

英语中引导条件的状语从句的连词有if, as(so) long as, as (so) far as, unless, in case, provided(providing) that, should, suppose(supposing) that, assuming(assume)that, on condition that, in the event that等。

1.条件状语从句翻译方法:

前置法、转译法、后置法

(1)前置法——将条件状语从句译在句首,并视情况使用汉语的关联词语。如:如果…就、只要…就、除非…才等。

If the epidemic cannot be controlled effectively, the whole country will come into chaos.

如果这种流行传染病得不到有效控制, 整个国家将会陷入一片混乱之中。

Only if we are true to facts, can we be loyal to the truth.

只有忠实于事实,才能忠实于真理。

(2)转译法——转译为时间状语从句“当…时”并放在句首,或者省去关联词。

If you melt two or more metals together, you can get a new metal.

当两种以上的金属熔化在一起时,可产生一种新金属。

If the temperature drops to zero degree centigrade, water freezes.

水在摄氏零度结冰。

If you work hard, you will succeed.

努力工作,就会成功。

(3)后置法——译成表示补充说明的句子。

They might be prepared to trim production—but only if they are convinced it will firm prices.

它们可能准备削减产量——但条件是必须先使这些产油国确信, 石油价格将保持稳定。

Be respectful to your superiors, if you have any, also to strangers, and sometimes to others.

要尊重你的上司,如果你有上司的话。对待陌生人,有时还有别人,也要尊重。

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