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【中考复习】中考英语语法精讲 数词 教案

【中考复习】中考英语语法精讲 数词 教案
【中考复习】中考英语语法精讲 数词 教案

2017中考英语语法精讲:数词

【教学目标】

1.掌握基数词和序数词的用法

2.学会分数和百分数的表达

3.会表达年份

【教学内容】

数词分为基数词和序数词两种。表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词;表示数目顺序的词叫序数词。

一、基数词

1.1―12的基数词是独立的单词,即: one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve。

2.13―19的基数词以-teen结尾。如:

fourteen,sev enteen等

但13,15,18较特殊, 13―thirteen 15―fifteen 18―eighteen。

3.20―90的整十位均以-ty结尾。如:

sixty,ninety

但20,30,40,50,80较特殊, 20―twenty 30―thirty 40―forty 50―fifty 80―eighty。

4.十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号“-”,如:

28―twenty-eight,96―ninety-six。

5.百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and,如:

148―one hundred and forty-eight 406―four hundred and six。

6.hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿)等前面即使有具体的数词,也不能在它们的后面加s。如:

600―six hundred,8百万―eight million。

7.1000以上的数字,从后往前数每三位加一个逗号“,”第一个逗号前为千(thousand),第二个逗号前为百万(million),第三个逗号前为billion(十亿)。英语中无“万”这个词,我们可以用“几十个千(thousand)”表示几万,“几百个千(thousand)”表示“几十万”。如:2,510=two thous and five hundred and ten;

84,296=eight-four thousand two hundred and ninety-six;

274,350=two hundred and seventy-four thousand three hundred and fifty。

8.hundred,thousand,million用复数形式修饰名词时要用“of+复数名词”,如:

数以百计的年轻人hundreds of young people;

数以千计的书thousands of books。

注意:hundreds of /thousands of/millions of +复数名词,其前面不能加具体的数词,但可加several或 many。

9.基数词+单数名词+形容词构成合成形容词。如:

一个五岁的男孩a five-year-old boy;

一座800米长的桥an 800-metre-long bridge;

女子400米接力girls‘ 400-metre relay race。

10. 基数词的特殊用法:

(1)表示“几十年代”或“几十岁”时,用逢十的基数词的复数形式。如:

in the 1990's 20世纪90年代

in one's twenties在某人20多岁时

(2)用在习语中。如:

in twos and threes三三两两地

二、序数词

1.基数词变序数词可利用口诀巧记:

1,2,3特殊记,加th 从4起 (first, second, third, fourth)

8少t,9去e,千万别忘记 (eighth ,ninth)

逢5逢12,ve变f (fifth ,twelfth)

20到90,y要变ie (twentieth ,ninetieth)

若是几十几,前基后序别倒位 (ninety-first, nine-hundredth)

序数词应注意的几点事项:

1. 当序数词用阿拉伯数字表示时,必须在数字后加上序数词的最后两个字母。如:

21st第21

32nd第32

2. 序数词前一般要用定冠词the如:

Sunday is the first day of a week.

星期天是一周的第一天。

三、分数和百分数

1. 分数

(1)分数的分子用基数词,分母用序数词。如:

on e fifth五分之一

one tenth十分之一

(2)当分子大于1时,分母用序数词的复数。如:

two thirds三分之二

five eighths八分之五

(3)当分子是1时,可以用one也可以用a.如:

a second = one second

a third = one third

(4)当分母是2和4时,分别可以用half和quarter代替。如:

a half二分之一

three quarters四分之三

2. 百分数

百分数用percent表示。如:

forty percent百分之四十

three percent百分之三

3. 分数、百分数与主谓一致

分数、百分数的考查往往和主谓一致相联系。当分数、百分数修饰可数名词的复数时,谓语动词用复数形式;当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:Eighty percent of the students in our school come from Hainan.

我们学校百分之八十的学生来自海南。

Three fourths of the students in my class are interested in English.

我们班四分之三的学生对英语感兴趣。

Two thirds of the water on the earth is sea water.

地球上三分之二的水是海水。

四、数词的应用

1.钟点的表示:小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。

①“几点钟”用基数词加o’clock。o’clock可省略。如:

现在是5点钟。

It’s five(o’clock).

②“几点过几分,≤30分钟”用介词past。如:

7:05―five past seven;

7:15―fif teen(a quarter)past seven;

7:30―half past seven。

③“差几分几点”用介词“to”。

注意:整点加“1”且用 60减去目前的分钟数。如:

7:40―twenty to eight;

7:45―fifteen(a quarter)to eight。

④日常生活中的时间读法常常简化,直接按基数词的顺序读。如:

7:05―seven o five;

7:15― seven fifteen。

2.编号的表示:

①Lesson One =the first lesson第一课;

②Bus No.3=the No.3bus. 3路公共汽车;

③表示住所时不用“No.”如:

302房间―Room 302(读作:room three o two);

④如果编号的数词比较长,一般用基数词。如:

Page 457第457页;

⑤电话号码,用基数词,可单个读,重复的数字也可读“double”,如:

3855633―three eight five five(double five) six three three(double three)。3.年月日的表示:

①年份用基数词,先读前一位或两位,再读后两位。如:

1999―nine- teen ninety-nine;

1900―nineteen hundred;

2000―two thousand;

1905―nineteen o five;

②年用基数词,日用序数词。如:

1998年6月8日写作:June 8,1998;读作:June the eighth, nineteen ninety-eight或the eighth of June, nineteen ninety-eight。

4.倍数的表示法:

①表示“几倍大小(长短;数量)”,由“倍数+ the size(length,amount……)”结构组成。如:

The earth is several times the size of the moon.

地球是月球的几倍大。

②表示“……比……大几倍”,由“倍数+形容词(副词)比较级+ than +被比较部分”结构组成。如:

This box is three times bigger than that one.

这个盒子比那个盒子大三倍。

③表示“……是……倍”,由“倍数+ as +形容词+ as +被比较部分”结构组成。如:

Our fac tory is twice as big as theirs.

我们的工厂是他们的两倍大。

五、特殊用法

1.数词作主语,谓语动词用单数。如:

Two months is quit e a long time.

两个月是相当长的一段时间。

Four and two is six.

四与二的和是六。

What’s two and three?

二与三的和是多少?

2.一个半小时(一年半,一个半月可类推)one/an hour and a half =one and a half hours。

3.不定冠词a/an用在序数词前表又一、再一。如:

Though he had failed twice,he wanted to try a third time.

尽管他已失败了两次,他还想再试一次。

The little monkey has had three apples,and he wants to eat a fourth one.

那只小猴子已经吃了3个苹果,他还想再吃一个

【课内检测】详见导学案

【作业布置】

1.完成本节课的《同步练习》

2.预习下一讲的导学案。

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David

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初中英语语法时态精讲版 Prepared on 24 November 2020

初中英语动词时态精讲 一般现在时 一、动词的第三人称词尾变化: 当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词需加-s或-es: 注意:动词have的第三人称单数是has. 二. 一般现在时的用法 1)表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有: always、often、 usually、seldom、never。频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。 I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2)表示现在的状态。 例如:My father is at is very busy. 我父亲在工作,他很忙。 The boy is twelve. 这男孩十二岁。 3)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如:All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不 错,讲的可不行。

4)表示客观真理,客观存在,自然现象。 例如:The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 5)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 He comes back tonight. 他今晚回来。 6)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如: I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时,我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受这份工作,他们将和你谈谈细节。 一般过去时 1)表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday, last week, an hour ago,just now, the other day, in 1982等连用。在一般过去式中,要表达“过多少时间之后”,一般用after。几年后。例如:Where did you go just now 刚才你上哪儿去了

初中英语语法-----主谓一致---(附练习题和答案)

初中英语语法-----主谓一致---(附练习题和答案)

初中英语语法精讲精练:主谓一致 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。表现在三个方面:语法 一致;意义一致;就近一致(就近原则)。 一、语法一致(意义一致):主语复数---- 谓语复数;主语单数----- 谓语单数 1、主语复数的情况---- 谓复 ⑴people, police, staff, crowd, sheep, cattle等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。 The police are waiting for the boy. The staff are dressed as clowns. ⑵由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式; Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是 老师。 ⑶“定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时,谓语一般用复数。 The Smiths are having dinner. ⑷the +a. 表一类人,做主语,谓语用复数;但表示抽象概念时,用单数形式: The poor aren’t always very sad, while the rich aren’t always happy. The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。 2、主语单数的情况----- 谓单 ⑴单数名词(代词),不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式: Some water is in the bottle. The boy is playing football on the playground. ⑵many a+单数名词作主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式: Many a student has been to Shanghai.

最新初中英语语法数词教案

第3单元数词 (一)基数词 1、1~100的构成 2、3位数构成,例如234 读作:two hundred and thirty-four 3、hundred, thousand, million表示确切数目不加 如:three hundred people,但表示不确切数字时应加s,如thousands of stars 4、千位以上的数,从个位向左数,每三位加一个“,”,第一个逗号前为thousand,第二个逗号前为million,第三个逗号前为billion,如7,543,812,应为seven million, five hundred and forty-three thousand, eight hundred and twelve.注意在百位数和十位数之间要用and连接。(二)序数词 1、序数词构成注意first, second, third, fifth, ninth, twentieth, twenty-first, etc.的特殊形式。 2、序数词用于句中,它之前需加the,但有时用不定冠词a(an)表示“再一,又一”如 When I sit down, a third man came in. (三)分数 基数词代表分子,序数词代表分母。分子大于1时,分子的序数词用单数,分母序数词用复数。 6 ,5/9 six and five ninths (四)时刻表达法 2∶25,two twenty-five or twenty-3∶40,three forty or twenty to four (五)日期表达法 2002年5月20日 注意:带有数词的名词作定语时,一般用单数形式 a seven-year-- a five-pound note (六)倍数表示法 A. 主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+ as + adj. + as。 『例』I have three times as many as you. 我有你三倍那么多。 B. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ the size (amount,length…)of…。 『例』The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球是月球的49倍。 C. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ 形容词(副词)比较级+ than…。 『例』The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year. 今年比去年粮食产量增加8%。

初中英语语法知识精讲精练

初中英语语法知识精讲精练:连词 连词 (一) 知识概要 连词是一种在句子与句子之间,短语之间以及名词等其他词语之间起连接作用的虚词,它不能单独作句子的成份。按其意义可分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词连接的双方是对等的。常有的并列连词有and, both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, as well as等。但如果连接的两部分意义不趋向一致,意义有转折的并列连词有:but, however, while (而),only (只不过)。还有表示选择关系的并列连词,如:or, or else, otherwise…再有的是连接双方,互为因果,或表示前因后果的连词有:for, so, therefore (因此),then等。从 属连词在初中范围内常常用来连接名词性从句,如:that, if, whether, 其次用来连接状语从句。其中有原因状语从句, 常用的连接词有:when while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till 连接条件状语的连词有:if, unless, as long as 等,而原因状语的连接词有because, since, as, now that (既然)。目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等状语从句的连接词有:so that, so…that, such…that, as…as, than, where…它们在句子与文章中几乎无处不见。具体用法见下表。

连词用法一览表 种类功用例句 并列连词连接具有并列关系的词 He knows neither English nor French. 短语 Are you going by bus or on foot? 分句 Mary was a good girl, but she had one shortcoming. 从属连词引导:状语从句 I'll do it as you told me. You will be late unless you hurry. 连接代词和连接副词主语从句 What he said proved true. When we'll start has not been decided yet. 表语从句 This is why he didn't come yesterday. That is where he lives. 宾语从句 The man asked me which I liked best. I can't understand why she is so late.

初中英语语法句子成分

句子成分精讲 句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。 主要成分:主语和谓语 1、主语 一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。主语的位置: 一般位于句首,由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike.代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number.数词做主语 The blind need more help.名词化的形容词做主语 There is a pen on the desk. 名词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting.动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream.不定式短语做主语 2、谓语 表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态. 英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词 句子的时态和语态是通过谓语表现出来。 谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。分析句子的主语和谓语 Mr. Li teaches English. He can play the piano. My parents and I are having dinner. 3、表语 用来说明主语的身份、特征、性质、状态。 表语的位置 用在动词be和系动词的后面。 名词、代词、数词、介词短语、副词等都可以和连系动词一起构成复合谓语。Your pen is on the desk. He got very angry. My dream is to have a robot.

最新初中英语语法知识—数词的知识点总复习含答案

一、选择题 1.There are ________ teachers in our school, ________of them are women teachers. A.two hundreds ; three fourth B.two hundred ; three fourths C.two hundred; three forths D.two hundreds; three fourths 2.—How do your students improve their English writing? —Well, about ______________ of the students like keeping diaries in English in our class. A.two fifth B.two fifths C.second five D.two five 3.——What should we do now, Mr.Li? ——Please turn to Page_____and look at the_____picture. A.Twelfth;fifth B.Twelve; fifth C.Twelve;five D.Twelfth;five 4.—When did you start to collect stamps? —I got my ______ stamp when I was ______ years old. A.one, seven B.one, seventh C.first, seventh D.first, seven 5.— They will need __________ volunteers for 2014 International Horticulture Exposition (国际园艺博览会) in Qingdao. —Let’s go and join them. A.thousand of B.thousands of C.three thousand of D.three thousands 6.—How long is the bridge? —About ______ long. A.two thousand meter B.two thousand meters C.two thousands meter D.two thousands meters 7.We can see _________stars in the sky at night in the countryside. A.million of B.three millions of C.millions of D.three million of 8.I hear ____ foreign students will come to our school and they are in the ____ grade. A.eight, eighth B.eight, eight C.eighth, eighth 9.—We’ll be back for our school’s ___________ anniversary(周年) ceremony. —I see. That means you’ll have a get-together with your classmates in ___________ years. A.twelve; seven B.twelfth; seven C.twelve; seventh D.twelfth; seventh 10.The environment here becomes better and better. ______________ birds are coming back. A.Thousands of B.Thousand of C.Thousands D.Thousand 11.— How was your weekend? —Great ! It was my grandfather’s ______birthday. He was born _____. A.ninety, in the 1920 B.ninetieth, in the 1920s C.the ninetieth, on the 1920s D.nintieth, on the 1920 12.– Good news. My good friend has just moved to my flat. He lives on the floor.

初中英语语法知识精讲精练

初中英语语法知识精讲精练:动词 (一) 知识概要 动词在语言中是必不可少的一部分。它的语法现象也较多,但在初中范围主要有以下几方面问题。①时态:初中范围主要有一般现在时,一般过去时,现在完成时,过去完成时,将来时与过去将来时六种时态。②语态:主动语态与被动语态。③助动词和情态动词。④非谓语动词,也就是不定式,动名词及现在分词的用法。时态主要掌握以下几种时态的应用要点和习惯用法。 一般现在时:主要有以下三方面,①用来表示状态,特征或不受时间限制的客观存在和真理。如:Matter exists in three states物质有三态。又如:The earth moves around the sun②表示习惯性和经常发生的动作,如:I often go to bed at 9 ③在时间、条件等状语从句中表示将来要发生的动作,如:As soon as I get there I'll telephone you. 一般过去时:①主要用于表达过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状态,如:I was ill last week. ②过去经常发生的动作或习惯性动作,如I used to get up at six. 一般将来时:用于表示将要发生的动作,其构成方式①用will (shall)+动词原形来表达将来在某一时间内要发生,或经常、将要发生的动作或状态,如:School will begin on September 1st ②用be going to+动词原形,用来表示不久将要发生或打算去作的动作。如:I'm going to swim this afternoon ③be+现在分词,也就是用某些动词的现在进行时表示将来,如:I'm coming。这些动词只限于:go, come, leave, start, move, sail, arrive, reach, get to等动词。④在状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 现在进行时:用于表示现在正在进行的动作,如:What are you doing now?要注意的是表示状态,情感的某些词没有现在进行时,这些动词有:like, have (有),love, know, understand, remember, forget, see, hear, smell, taste, feel, wish hope, expect… 过去将来时:用来表达从过去某时间点上看将要发生的动作,如:He told me he would come to my party. 现在完成时与过去完成时:现在完成时的两个用处是: ①用来表达在过去开始的动作持续到现在,如:I've studied English for two years.

(完整版)初中英语语法教案.doc

一级语法教案 句子成分和基本句型 教学目标和要求 Teaching aims 一.知识要点 Master the sentence members and basic patterns 1. five sentence members : subject( 主语 ) verb (谓语) object (宾语) predictive( 表语 ) complement( 补足语 ) adverbial (状语) attributive (定语) 2. seven basic sentence patterns :SV (主谓) SVP (主谓表) SVO (主 谓宾) SVOO( 主谓宾宾 ) SVOC (主谓宾补) SVA (主谓状) SVOA (主谓宾状) 二.难点 句子成分的划分及七种句型的理解与区分 三.考点 句子成分的划分 四.课时设计与分配 Period one:Introduce five members Period two:the seven basic patterns Period three:exercises Period o ne 一.五种句子成分 主( S)谓( V)状( A)宾( O )补( C)定 1.主语:表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”,通常用名词,代词,动词不定式,或相当于名词的词,短语或从句担任。主语要放在句首。 例: The girl studies English. 这个女孩学习英语。(叙述“谁”) The post office is open. 邮局门开着。(叙述“什么”) Only five are there. 只有五个人在这里。(数次做主语) 注: it 做主语时,可以有以下作用 1). 表示时间、天气、季节、距离和自然现象。 It ’ s windy today. 今天刮风了。 2). 表示刚刚提到的事情。 What ’ s this?It ’ s a fox. 这是什么?它是一只狐狸。 3). 起指示代词的作用,表示人或事物。 Who is it outside?It’s Henry. 外面是谁?是亨利。 4). 用作形式主语或形式宾语。

初中英语语法精讲精练

一、一般现在时 1. We won’t go unless you_______ soon. A. coming B. came C. will come D. come 2. Japan ________ to the east of China. A lie B lies C. lying D. lied 3. The plane to Shanghai _________ at 8:30. A. leaves B. leaving C. will leave D. leave 二. 一般过去时 4. It ______ Y ang Liwei about 21hours _____ the earth 14times in his spaceship. A. spent; circling B. took; traveling. C. spent; to travel. D. took; to circle. 5. —Y our phone number again? I _____ quite catch it. —it’s 69568442. A didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t. D. can’t. 6. He said he______ me a present unless I ________ in doing the experiment. A. had not given; had not succeeded B. would not give; succeed. C. will not give; succeed D. would not give; will succeed. 7. There _____ no bus stop here year. A. is B. was. C. are D. were 8. She said that they_____ a good time. A .had B. has C. have D. will have 9. Mike _____ until his father came back. A. went to bed. B. doesn’t go to bed. C. didn’t go to bed D. wouldn’t go to bed. 10. My sister________ and _____ herself when she was riding her bike yesterday. A. falls… hurt. B. falls…hurts. C. has fallen… hurt. D. fell…hurt. 11. He __________ with us yesterday morning. A. doesn’t go swimming. B. goes swimming. C. didn’t go s wimming. D. went to swimming 12. _____ your parents in Shanghai last year? A. Is B. Are C. Was D. Were 13. Tom ______ (match) TV at home last night. He _____ (go ) nowhere. 14. When I ______ (be) young, I often ______ (play) football.15. He _______ (be) not with me at that time. 16. She ______(give) Mary a present last Christmas. 17. It ______ (happen) an hour ago. 18. They ________ (go ) to the par last Sunday. 19. I __________ (have) a good time last holiday. 20. Mrs. Li _______ (live) here many years ago. 21. ____ he ____ (do) his homework yesterday? No, he _____(not finish) it. 22. Father_______ (get) a letter from my sister last week. 23. Who ________ (break) the window just now? 24. It was very cold, so he ________ on his coat (put). 25. The bed wasn’t good, I_____ very well. (sleep). 26. Bob was very wasn’t interesting. They____ in very much. (enjoy) 27. I went to Lily’s flat, but she ________ there (be). 28. He was in a hurry, so she __________time to cook for you (have). 三. 一般将来时. 28. When we get our tickets, be marked “first class” ______. A. it is to. B. it will. C. they were to. D. they will. 29. Look! The woman with curl hair over there _____ us a talk about DNA. A. is about to give. B. would give. C. was going to give. D. had given. 30. She ______ me _______ at the airport this evening. A. is seeing; out. B. is seeing; off. C. sees; off. D. will see; out. 31. She _____ to the cinema with her classmates tomorrow evening. A. went. B. would go. C. has gone. D. will go. 32. There______ a basketball match in our school the day after tomorrow. A. will have. B. will be. C. is going to have. D. would be. 33. They______ a new bridge over the river next year. A. have built. B. are going to build. C. are building. D. were going to build. 34. We ______ to the Great Wall f it_____ tomorrow. A. don’t go; rains. B. won’t go; rains. C. are building. D. go; doesn’t rain. 35. Either you or he_____ there tomorrow. A. go. B. goes. C. are going. D. is going.

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