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新概念第三册第11课课文讲解(汇编)

【课文精析】

quite tolerant

我们在运用形容词、动词时，往往需要用副词来强调。

表示“真正的” really

a really officious person

强调“特别，尤其是” particularly

强调“绝对的” absolutely

强调“完全的，彻底的” completely, entirely, fully, thoroughly

fairly----强调“一般般”

very ----语气程度强烈“非常”

rather----语意程度接近fairly, 注意修饰形容词和副词，特别是形容词同时修饰名词时，不定冠词的位置。

A fairly good book.

A rather good book / Rather a good book

rather too

quite---- ~ right / wrong / mistaken / sure 绝对不能用very替代。

Even really honest people…

a particularly officious young Customs Officer…

the Green Channel = the Custom Office

are made to feel guilty

madk, have, let 及感官性动词see, hear, notice, feel 用于主动语态，符合宾语不定式的to符号应该省略。但这种结构改成被动式时，不定式符号必须还原。

We heard someone come up the stairs.

Someone was heard to come up the stairs.

(On the one hand…, ) on the other hand

On the one hand we could stay and help you, but on the other hand it might be better if you went to help him instead.

hidden in his suitcase

过去分词短语作定语，修饰watches.

even if / though he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase.

looking me in the eye: 两眼直盯盯的注视着我

look sb. in the face, stare sb. in the eye = look directly at sb.

Not one of the men dared look him in the eye.

The Officer went through the case with great care. = The Officer examined the case carefully.

with great care----强调相当的仔细

in a mess:乱作一团

介词in 和名词搭配，表示一种状态

秩序井然： in good order

身体健康： in good health

心情好： in a good mood

脾气好： in a good temper

light up:喜气洋洋，容光焕发

Eg: Masha's face lit up when she saw her old friend.

His face lighted up at the small triumph.

Tom really lighted up when he saw the new biccycle.

light有两种过去分词，过去式形式：lit, lighted

但是如果运用过去分词作定语，表示被点燃的。要用lighted

一只被点燃的雪茄：a lighted cigar

点燃的火炬： a lighted stick.

介词短语--with delight “欣喜若狂的”

with和抽象名词搭配，表示内心充满了一种感情

自信地： with confidence

细心地： with care

骄傲的： with pride

欣喜若狂的：with delight

惊讶的： with surprise

pounce on:向…猛扑过去，对…大做文章

Eg: The policeman pounced on the thief.

Don't pounce on my mistake.

should have 和过去分词搭配，表示本应该做某事却没有做，具有谴责性的味道。

You should have arrived here five minutes earlier.

You should have told me about it.

本不应该做某事：shouldn’t have done

exempt:免除的，被免除的 be ~ from

Drinks are not exempt from import duty.

as----关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句。他所指代的内容就是主句的整个句子的含义。

As we know, the earth is round. (众所周知)

As Brian pointed out, …(正如…所指出的)

正如我很快得知的：as sb. mentioned

关系代词as 和which的区别：

as 所引导的非限制性定语从句，可用在主句之前

which 引导的非限制性定语从句，只能用在主句之后。

副词形式：encouragingly

He was greeted by an unpleasant smell…

greet:问候，向…致意;觉察到, 呈现在…眼前，在…耳边

I woke up and was greeted by a bird’s song.

Inside the room adreadful mess greeted us.

When he went into the kitchen, a smell greeted him.

我们在运用形容词、动词时，往往需要用副词来强调。

（1）表示"真正的" really

e.g. Even really honest people are often made to feel guilty.(文中的句子) e.g. a really officious person

（2）强调"特别，尤其是" particularly e.g. a particularly officious young Customs Officer...(文中的句子)

（3）强调"绝对的" absolutely

（4）强调"完全的，彻底的" completely, entirely, fully, thoroughly

（5）fairly----强调"一般般" e.g. a fairly good book

（6）very ----语气程度强烈"非常"

（7）rather----语意程度接近fairly, 注意修饰形容词和副词，特别是形容词同时修饰名词时，不定冠词的位置。e.g. a rather good book / rather a good book

e.g. rather too 稍微

(8) quite----相当，非常e.g. ~ right / wrong / mistaken / sure 绝对不能用very替代。

the Green Channel = the Custom Office

2，Even really honest people are often made to feel guilty.

make, have, let 及感官性动词see, hear, notice, feel 用于主动语态，符合宾语不定式的to符号应该省略。但这种结构改成被动式时，不定式符号必须还原。

e.g. We heard someone come up the stairs.

e.g. Someone was heard to come up the stairs.

3, The hardened professional smuggler, on the other hand, is never troubled by such feelings, even if he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase.

(On the one hand...,) on the other hand

e.g. On the one hand we could stay and help you, but on the other hand it might be better if you went to help him instead.

hidden in his suitcase,过去分词短语作定语，修饰watches.

even if=even though

4, 'Have you anything to declare?' he asked, looking me in the eye.

look me in the eye: 两眼直盯盯的注视着我

同义词：look sb. in the face, stare sb. in the eye = look directly at sb.

e.g. Not one of the men dared look him in the eye.

5, The Officer went through the case with great care.

with great care----强调相当的仔细,全句相当于The Officer examined the case carefully.

6，All the things I had packed so carefully were soon in a dreadful mess.

in a mess:乱作一团

介词in 和名词搭配，表示一种状态

秩序井然：in good order

身体健康：in good health\condition

心情好：in a good mood

脾气好：in a good temper

7, Suddenly, I saw the Officer's face light up.

light up:喜气洋洋，容光焕发

e.g. Marsha's face lit up when she saw her old friend.

e.g. His face lighted up at the small triumph.

e.g. Tom really lighted up when he saw the new bicycle.

light有两种过去分词，过去式形式：lit, lighted

但是如果运用过去分词作定语，表示被点燃的。要用lighted

e.g. 一只被点燃的雪茄：a lighted cigar

e.g. 点燃的火炬： a lighted stick.

8, He had spotted a tiny bottle at the bottom of my case and he pounced on it with delight.

介词短语－－with delight "欣喜若狂的"

with和抽象名词搭配，表示内心充满了一种感情

自信地：with confidence

细心地：with care

骄傲的：with pride

欣喜若狂的：with delight

惊讶的：with surprise

pounce on:向...猛扑过去，对...大做文章

e.g. The policeman pounced on the thie

e.g. Don't pounce on my mistake.

9, 'You should have declared that. ‘Perfume is not exempt from import duty.'

should have 和过去分词搭配，表示本应该做某事却没有做，具有谴责性的味道。

e.g. You should have arrived here five minutes earlier.

e.g. You should have told me about it.

本不应该做某事：shouldn't have done

exempt:免除的，被免除的be exempt from

e.g. Drinks are not exempt from import duty.

10, As I expected, he did not believe me. 'Try it!' I said encouragingly.

as----关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句。他所指代的内容就是主句的整个句子的含义。

e.g.As we know, the earth is round. (众所周知)

e.g. As Brian pointed out, ...（正如...所指出的）

e.g. As I mentioned,...(正如我提到的)

关系代词as 和which的区别：

as 所引导的非限制性定语从句，可用在主句之前

which 引导的非限制性定语从句，只能用在主句之后

副词形式：encouragingly

11, He was greeted by an unpleasant smell which convinced him that I was telling the truth.

greet:问候，向...致意；觉察到, 呈现在...眼前，在...耳边

e.g.I woke up and was greeted by a bird's song.

e.g. Inside the room a dreadful mess greeted us.

e.g. When he went into the kitchen, a smell greeted him.

自学导读

Notes on the text课文注释

1 the Green Channel，绿色通道，指海关专供没有携带征税物品进关的旅客所走的通道。

2 hidden in his suitcase是过去分词短语作定语，修饰watches，它相当于一个定语从句：which were hidden in his suitcase.

3 looking me in the eye，直盯着我的眼睛，这是分词短语作状语，表示方式，修饰 asked。

4 The officer went through，这里go through作“检查”讲。

5 in a dreadful mess （或 in a mess），乱七八糟，混乱透了。

6 I saw the Officer's face light up．我看到那位官员的脸上露出了得意的神色。

7 You should have declared that．你早该申报了。“should +不定式的完成式”表示本该做而未做之事。

8 be exempt from 作“免除”、“豁免”解。

Multiple choice questions多项选择题

Choose the correct answers to the following questions.

Comprehension理解

1 What makes really honest people feel guilty when going through Customs?

a．Having five hundred gold watches hidden in their suitcases.

b．The particularly officious way Customs Officers always ask questions.

c．The fact that they are treated as potential smugglers.

d．Carrying things which are not exempt from import duty.

2 What made the Customs Officer's face light up?

a．Knowing how difficult it would be for the writer to close his case.

b．Seeing the bottle of hair gel which he could charge duty on.

c．The idea of having found something which should have been declared.

d．Discovering an unopened bottle of perfume at the bottom of the case.

3 The writer was in a hurry to get away because ______ .

a．he had grown impatient at having taken so long to get through Customs b．he was anxious to get away from the unpleasant smell

c．he was afraid he might still be stopped for smuggling

d．he was trying to escape with precious chalk marks

Structure结构

4 The Customs Officer asked him ______ he had anything to declare.

(1. 9)

a．that

b．what3

c．for

d．whether

5 ‘Have you anything to declare? ’ he asked, looking ______ . (1.

a．direct to me

b．me directly

c．directly at me

d．in my direction

6 ‘Would you ______ __please? ’ (1. 11)

a．unlock kindly this suitcase

b．kindly unlock this suitcase

c．unlock this suitcase kindly

d．be kind to unlock this suitcase

7 He told him he ______ it. (1. 16)

a．ought to have declared

b．must have declared

c．had to declare

d．needed to declare

8 ______ the cap, the Officer put the bottle to his nostrils. (1.

22)

a．Having unscrewed

b．Unscrewed

c．Being unscrewed

d．With unscrewedVocabulary词汇

9 Customs Officers are quite tolerant these days. They are ______ .

(1 1)

a．tolerable

b．placid

c．easy-going

d．negligent

10 A hardened professional smuggler feels ______ his behaviour. (11. 4-5)

a．unashamed of

b．unwronged by

c．unshocked by

d．guiltless of

11 As I expected, he was ______ . (1. 20)

a．incomprehensible

b．incredible

c．incredulous

d．sceptical

12 I was able to hurry away with precious chalk marks on my ______ .

(11. 23-24)

a．handbags

b．luggage

c．casement

d．equipment

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

★guilty

adj. 犯罪的，违法的

He felt guilty when he did what he shouldn't have done.

He said that with a guilty smile.

guilt(n.)

guiltily(a.)

反义词：innocent,innocence(n.)

★tolerant

adj. 宽容的

tolerantly(adv.)

tolerance(n.)

tolerate(vt.)

tolerable(adj)

★declare

v. 申报

★hardened

adj. 有经验的

(侧重于老练的）

a hardened player

a hardened thief

experienced(侧重于有经验的)

an experienced teacher

★professional

adj. 职业的，专业的

a professional player

★smuggl er

n. 走私者

★officious

adj. 爱管闲事的

A lot of old ladies are officious.

officously(adv.)

officiousness(n.)

officious civil servant

an officious police officer

official: 官方的，官员的，正式的

An official inquiry will be made into this matter ★confi dently

adv. 自信地

He went to do the work

confidently= with confidence 充满信心的

confident(adj.)

confidence(n.)

have confidence: 有信心

gain confidence: 获得信心

in confidence: 悄悄的，秘密的＝secertly

take sb.into one's confidence; 以某人为心腹

★dreadful

adj. 可怕的，一团糟的

＝frightful（表示胆怯的，恐惧的）

dreadful(侧重于可怕的，乱七八糟的）

★pounce

v. 猛抓，扑住

★perfume

n. 香水（人造的）

fragrance: （抽象名词）芬芳，芳香

★sarcastically

adv. 讽刺地

★exempt

adj. 被免除的

★duty

n. 税

Customs Duty: 关税

Stamp Duty: 印花税

duty free: 免税的

同义词：tax

income tax: 所得税

★gel

n. 凝胶

★mixture

n. 混合物

mix(n.)

mix sth. with

★unscrew

v. 拧开

★nostril

n. 鼻孔

★chalk

n. 粉笔

★baggage

n. 行李

同义词：luggage

【课文讲解】

quite tolerant

我们在运用形容词、动词时，往往需要用副词来强调

表示“真正的”really

a really officious person

强调“特别，尤其是”particularly

强调“绝对的”absolutely

强调“完全的，彻底的”completely,entirely,fully,thoroughly

强调“特别，特别是”extremely

fairly---强调“一般般”

very……语气程度强烈“非常”

rahter……语意程度接近fairly,注意修饰形容词和副词特别是修饰形容词同时修饰名词时，不定冠词的位置

A fairly good book.

A rather good book/Rather a good book

quite---～right/wrong/mistaken/sure

Even really honest people...

a particularly officious young Customs officer...

the Green Channel=the Custom Office

are made to feel guilty

make,have,let及感官性动词see,hear,notice,feel 用于主动语态，符合宾语不定式的to符号应该省略，但这种结构改成被动式时，不定式符号必须还原

We heard someone come up the stairs

Someone was heard to come up the stairs

(on the one hand...)on the other hand

On the one hand we could stay and help you,but on the other hand it might be better i f you went to help him instead

higgen in his suitcase

过去分词短语作定语，修饰watches

Even if/though he has five hundred golden watches that are hidden in his suitcase.

looking me in the eys. 两眼直盯盯的注视着我

look sb.in the face,stare sb.in the eys=look directly at sb.

Not one of the men dared look him in the eye.

Would you mind unlocking this suitcase please?

注意：mind后面的动名词形式

The Officer went through the case with great care.

==The Officer examined the case carefully

with great care……强调相当的仔细

in a mess: 乱作一团

介词in 和名词搭配，表示一种状态

秩序井然；in good order

身体健康：in good health

心境好： in a good mood

脾气好：in a good temper

light up:喜气洋洋，容光焕发

Masha's face lit up when she saw her old friend.

His face lighted up at the small triumph.

Tom really lighted up when he saw the new bicycle.

light过去式，过去分词：lit,lighted

但是如果运用过去分词作定语，表示被动点燃的，要用lighted

一支被点燃的雪茄：a lighted cigar

点燃的火炬：a lighted stick

介词短语---with delight“欣喜若狂地”

with和抽象名词搭配，表示内心充满了一种感情

自信地：with confidence

细心地：with care

骄傲地：with pride

欣喜若狂地：with delight

pounce on :向...猛扑过去，对...大作文章

The policeman pounced on the thief.

Don't pounce on my mistake.

should have和过去分词搭配，表示本应该做某事却没有做，具有谴责性的味道

You should have arrived here five minutes earlier.

You should have told me about it.

本不应该做某事：shouldn't have done

exempt: 免除的，被免除的be～from

Drinks are not exempt from import duty.

as……关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，他所指代的内容就是主句的整个句子的含义，

As we know,the earth is round(众所周知）

As Brian pointed out,...(正如...所指出的）

正如...所提及的：as sb.mentioned

正如我很快得知的：as I soon learned

关系代词as和which的区别：

as所引导的非限制性定语从句，可用在主句之前。

which引导的非限制性定语从句，只能用在主句之后

副词形式：encouragingly

He was greeted by an unpleasant smell..

greet: 问候，向...致意；觉察到,呈现在...眼前，在...耳边

I woke up and was greeted by a bird's song.

Inside the room a dreaduful mess greeted us.

When he went into the kitchen,a smell greeted him.

precious:珍贵的

【Multiple choice questions】

1.C

2.C what----名词

3.A

4.D

5.C look him in the eye/face=look directly at him

6.B Would you kindly do sth.please?

7.A should: ought to

8.A Having finished his homework ,he went to bed.

9.C 宽容的，好相处的 B 平静的

A 能忍耐的，可忍受的 D 疏忽的

10 A feel ashamed of

D 无辜的

11.D 不愿意相信的

A: unable to be understood

The article is full of incomprehensible technical expressions.

B: unbelievable

What you said is incredible.

C: 不轻信的

D: unwilling to believe 12.baggage=luggage

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