朱永涛《英美文化基础教程》课后习题详解(英国文化 性格特点与礼貌)【圣才出品】

第8章性格特点与礼貌

I.Identify each of the following in English:

1.English modesty

【答案】(1)English modesty is a quality closely related to English reserve.

(2)Within their heart,the English are perhaps no less conceited than anybody else,but in their relations with others they value at least a show of modesty.

(3)Self-praise is felt to be ill-bred,and the English are typical of self-deprecation.

2.Sportsmanship as an English ideal

【答案】(1)Sportsmanship is an English ideal that is highly valued in Britain.

(2)Sportsmanship is the ability to practice a sport in obedience to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat.

(3)Sportsmanship as an ideal is applied to life in general.This is proved by the number of sporting terms used in ordinary speech.

3.The English class system

【答案】(1)As a social convention,the English class system is much less rigid than it was,but it still exists below the surface.

(2)Broadly speaking,it means there are two classes,the“middle class”and the“working class”The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do business men

and professional people of all kinds;the working class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers.

(3)The most obvious difference between them is in their accent.The middle classes also tend to live a more formal life than working-class people,and are usually more cultured.

4.The English sense of humor

【答案】(1)English sense of humor is a quality that is similar to English modesty.Its starting point is self-deprecation,and its great enemy is conceit.

(2)Its ideal is to laugh at oneself—at one’s own faults,one’s own failures and embarrassments,even at one’s own ideals.

(3)It is an attitude to life rather than the mere ability to laugh at jokes.This attitude is never cruel or disrespectful or malicious.

II.Fill in the blanks:

1.Loud speech in Britain is considered_____.

【答案】ill-bred

【解析】在英国，大声讲话被视为是没有教养的行为。

2.In their relations with others,Englishmen value at least a show of_____,whose enemy is_____.

【答案】modesty,conceit

【解析】在英国人的内心中，自负感也许并不比其他任何人少，但在他人的交往中，至少会表现出一种谦虚。

3.Prince Philip once said that_____is‘God’s greatest gift to mankind.

【答案】humor

【解析】菲利普王子曾说过，幽默是上帝赐予人类最好的礼物。

4.The terms such as‘never hit a man when he’s down’and‘playing the game，or‘playing fair’reflect a sense of_____.

【答案】sportsmanship

【解析】体育精神和幽默感一样是英国人的追求，但并不是所有的英国人都能达到。

III.Answer the questions:

1.What are some of the characteristics of a reserved English man?

【答案】He does not talk very much to strangers,does not show much emotion,and seldom gets excited.

2.What are some of the differences between the middle class and the working class pointed out by the author?Do you agree?

【答案】The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do business men and professional people of all kinds.The working class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers.The most obvious difference between the working class and the

middle class is their accent.

3.What are the major characteristics of the Englishman?Give one example to each.【答案】(1)To other Europeans,the best known quality of the Englishman is “reserve”.They do not talk very much to strangers,do not show much emotion, and seldom get excited.For example,if they are making a journey by bus,they will do their best to find an empty seat;if by train,an empty compartment.If they have to share the compartment with a stranger,they may travel many miles without starting a conversation.

(2)Closely related to English reserve is English modesty.In their relation with others,the English value a show of modesty.Self-praise is felt to be ill-bred.If a person is very good at tennis,and someone asks him if he is a good player,he will seldom reply“Yes”,because people will think him conceited.

(3)The famous English sense of humor is similar.Its starting point is self-deprecation,and its great enemy is conceit.Its ideal is the ability to laugh at oneself—at one’s own faults,one’s own failure and embarrassment,even at one’s own ideals.Humor is highly prized in Britain,and the criticism,“He has no sense of burnout”is very commonly heard in Britain.

(4)Like a sense of humor,sportsmanship is also highly valued in Britain. Sportsmanship is the ability to practice a sport in obedience to its rules,while also showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat. Sportsmanship as an ideal is applied to life in general.This is proved by the number

of sporting terms in ordinary speech.To take boxing as an example:a well-aimed and vigorous criticism is said to be“straight from the shoulder”,while an unfair one is“below the belt”.One of the most elementary rules of life is“never hit a man when he is down”—in other words,never take advantage of another’s misfortune.

4.Why does the Englishman value a sense of humor?

【答案】It is an attitude to life rather than the mere ability to laugh at jokes.This attitude is never cruel or disrespectful or malicious.

5.Cite ten examples to show the politeness in Britain.

【答案】(1)‘Excuse me’is used as an advance apology for troubling somebody,as when passing in front of him or interrupting his conversation,or when putting a question to a stranger.

(2)‘Sorry’expresses regret for an accidental disturbance or breach of manners.

(3)It also takes the place of‘no’when you cannot accede to a request or an implied request like‘May I borrow your pen?’or‘Do you know the time?’or ‘Have you any size seven shoes?’‘Pardon?’is the polite way of asking somebody to repeat what he has said.

(4)British people do not readily ask each other to do anything which would involve real inconvenience:they prefer to wait for such service to be offered,rather

than ask for it.If they do ask,then the request is accompanied by an implied apology like,‘I don’t really like asking you,but‘or’,I know the trouble I’m causing you,but would you mind?’and so on.

(5)Give up one’s seat to a woman who is standing.

(6)Open doors for women.

(7)Help women alight from the bus,

(8)Carry things for women.

(9)Protect women from the traffic.

(10)The same principle applies to old people.

英美概况(英国篇1：英国的国土与人民 )

I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。 2.Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3.The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones. 不列颠群岛由两个大岛-大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。 4.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales. 大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。 (1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section. 英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地及南部山陵。首府：爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府：加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast. 北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府：贝尔法斯特。 5.The Commonwealth (of nations) is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是曾为英国殖民地的、但现已独立国家所构成的自由联合体。它成立于1931年，至1990年止已有50个成员国。 II. Geographical Features 英国的地理特征 1.Geographical position of Britain: 英国的地理位置： Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. 英国是一个岛国。它位于大西洋北部，与欧洲大陆的北海岸隔海相望。南面的英吉利海峡和东面的北海将它与欧洲其它部分隔开。 2.The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; and the east and southeast are mostly lowlands. 英国的西部和北部主要是高地，东部和东南部主要是低地。 III. Rivers and Lakes 河流与湖泊

介绍英国文化的英语作文2篇

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My feelings for the class of survey of Britain In terms of this class, I have gained a general understanding of the British society from the exploration into every corner , which is ranging from rel- igion, education, architecture, holidays and so on. This broadens my visi- on to a much larger extent. Generally speaking, they can be summarized as follows: First of all, a preliminary social scene has been shown to us during the class. The UK is a great nation all around the world and people speaking native English must have something different from us Chinese. Classmat- es from different majors have shown me the Britain society from their own view, which I think is very interesting. For example , someone gave his lecture by the way of listing lots of pictures. The moment was watc- hing the pictures I got a lot of information, besides , it seems not very boring. Secondly, it is《The Rise of Great Powers》.This is the twice I have wat- ched this documentary. While, I regard it as a reflection of the history of the Britain . It is also a showcase of the Empire of the Sun and a brainst- orm to me. Someone maybe whisperd, we China also does have a history as brilliant as Britain. However, from a foreigner’s view , it is fresh enoug- h and exciting enough.Perhaps, we may get lots of lessons from Britain. Finally, the teaching form is novel and lively. During my showtime, I am the reporter of the class. People sitting in the classroom are all listeners

英美文化差异

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英美概况UNIT1

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英美概况(英国篇5大英帝国的兴衰_)

英美概况（英国篇5:大英帝国的兴衰 ) I. Whigs and Tories 辉格党人和托利党人 These two party names originated with the Glorious Revolution (1688). 这两个政党名称皆起源于1688年的光荣革命。 The Whig were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists. The Whig were to form a coalition with dissident Tories in the mid-19th century and become the Liberal Party. 辉格党人是指那些反对绝对王权，支持新教徒宗教自由权利的人。辉格党人在 19世纪中叶与持不同意见的托利党人组盟组成自由党。 The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchy and were reluctant to remove kings. The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party. 托利党人是指那些支持世袭王权、不愿去除国王的人。托利党是保守党的前身。 I. Agricultural Changes in the Late 18th Century 18世纪末的农业革命 During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the "open-field" system ended when the Enclosure Act was passed. The movement lasted for centuries. Agricultural enclosure had good as well as bad results: 18世纪末、19世纪初的农业革命期间，随着《圈地法》的颁布，传统的"开放田地"制结束。圈地运动持续了将近一个多世纪。农业圈地运动的利弊共存： （1） Farms became bigger and bigger units as the great bought up the small; 由于大农场兼并了小农场，农场成为越来越在的生产单位； （2） More vegetables, more milk and more dairy produce were consumed, and diet became more varied; 人们消费的蔬菜，牛奶及奶制品越来越多，饮食种类愈加丰富； （3） Enclosure was a disaster for the tenants evicted from their lands by the enclosures. These peasant farmers were forced to look for work in towns. Enclosure led to mass emigration, particularly to the New World; 圈地对佃家而言是场灾难，他们被赶出土地，被迫到城镇找工作。圈地运动导致了大规模的移民，尤其是移民至新大陆。 （4） A new class hostility was introduced into rural relationships. 农村关系中产生了新的阶级对立。 II. The Industrial Revolution (1780-1830) 工业革命（1780-1830） 1．The industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. 工业革命指的是17世纪末、18世纪初英国工业的机械化，以及因此而导致的社会结构和经济结构的变化。

孤傲的英国人性格

孤傲的英国人性格 由於地理、历史、文化等方面的原因，世界上的各个民族形成了不同於其他民族的性格特点。英国人也不例外，经过了几千年的社会变迁，他们形成了自己独特的思维和行为方式，有著与其他国家人民不同的品质和特点。概括起来，大致有以下几种性格特点: 1. 大部分英国人具有与他人格格不入的孤傲特质。孤傲(exclusiveness)是英国人最明显的性格特徵，他们不愿意和别人多说话，从来不谈论自己，感情不外露，更不会喜形於色。其他国家的人很难了解英国人的内心世界。英国人为什麼具有孤傲的性格特徵呢？原因有二。第一，英国是一个岛国，英吉利海峡(English Channel)割断了它和外部世界的联系，英国人甚至不把自己看作是欧洲人。第二，英国人对本民族的历史感到非常骄傲和自豪。其中，詹姆斯钦定本圣经(King James Authorized Version of the Bible)和莎士比亚的戏剧对西方 及世界文化产生了巨大的影响。英国议会(Parliament)是欧洲最古老的议会，英国是世界上第一个完成工业革命(Industrial Revolution)的国家。特殊的地理位置和与众不同的祖国文明史使得英国人形成了现在的性格特点。 2. 大部分英国人有守旧而又不愿接受新生事物的保守思想。英国人的保守(conservativeness)为世人所知，英国人却认为他们的做事方式是最好的，最合理的。有人说，英国人需要20至40年的时间才能接受美国目前的新生事物，此话虽然有一点夸张，但也不无道理。英国人直到现在也没有采用世界通用的米制(metric system)，仍然使用英里(mile)，直到1971年才将货币单位改为十进制(decimal system)。英国是世界上为数较少的保持君主制(monarchy)的国家之一，其保守性可见一斑。当美国人发明中央空调(central heating)的时候，英国人以对身体有害为由拒绝接受这种新生事物，继续使用壁炉(fireplace)和电炉(electric stove)。 3. 大部分英国人具有讲究文明用语和礼貌的好习惯。英国人总是为别人著想，他们不会要求别人做不愿意做的事情。如果他们不得不要求别人做什麼事的时候，说得非常客气，诸如: "I know the trouble I am causing you，but would you mind。。。？" 或"I don't really like to ask you，but。。。"等等。在日常生活中，如果要麻烦别人，通常说excuse me，如果无意识地干扰了别人，要说sorry。要求别人重复，一般不说what，而是说pardon或sorry。please和thank you是经常挂在嘴边的用语。在公共场所人们不会大声喊叫，他们认为那是不文明的行为。 4. 酷爱独居和个人自由的天性。也许是由於缺乏空间的缘故，英国人喜欢独居(privacy)和个人自由(individualism)。在英国，人们恪守著这样一句名言:My home is my castle。The wind can come in，but the Kings and Queens and human beings can never come in

中国与英美文化差异

中国与英美文化差异 【篇一：中国与英美文化差异】 摘要：近些年来，随着国际社会的不断进步，各国之间的经济文化 交流越来越广泛，而文化一直跟随着一个国家的发展历程，见证着 国家的兴衰存亡。纵观世界，英美文化和中国文化都具有博大精深、源远流长的特点，在不断发展的国际社会条件下，被赋予了新的内 容和含义，随着大国之间的交流越来越深入，使得各国之间文化交 流和碰撞也日益频繁。本文就目前英美文化和中国文化的发展现状，简要分析在新的社会条件下，英美文化和中国文化发展的差异所在。中国论文网 /9/view-6808314.htm 关键词：英美文化中国文化差异现状分析 中图分类号：g642 文献标识码： a 文章编号：1672-1578（2015）02-0007-02 随着我国改革开放事业的不断深入，我国经济水平和国际地位有了 很大的提升，与国际社会之间的交流和合作也越来越频繁，这就使 得我国文化承受着来自各国文化的冲击，特别是英美等西方经济发 展大国，在进行经济、文化、贸易交流时，对我国传统文化产生了 很大的影响。因此，在新的社会发展形势下，及时分析各国之间的 文化差异，对于继承和发扬我国优良传统文化有着很大的推动作用。 1 研究英美文化与中国文化之间差异的必要性 当今世界，处于国际社会中的每个国家要想得到高速的发展，就需 要保持与其他各国之间的经济、贸易等交流，而各国自身的发展历 程有着很大的区别，这就使得各国之间的文化底蕴和文化内涵有着 很大的不同，这在一定程度上阻碍了国家之间的交流与合作。因此，研究英美文化与中国文化之间的差异，对于国家之间的发展有着重 要的意义，下面就研究英美文化和中国文化之间差异的必要性做具 体分析。 1.1文化是社会意识形态的集中体现 通常来讲，文化是指人类活动的模式以及给予这些模式重要性的符 号化结构，主要包括文字、语言、文学、绘画等内容，不同地域、 不同时代的文化特点也不尽相同。文化是对人类社会长期的历史实 践过程中创造的物质财富和精神财富的集中体现，不仅是对当时社 会人类生活特点的体现，也是对一个国家长期的发展历程中文化特 色的积淀，更是对每个时期社会意识形态的重要体现。

英美文化差异

英美文化差异 文化是一个复合体，其中包括知识、信仰、艺术、法律、道德、风俗以及人作为社会成员而获得的任何其他能力和习惯。交际的过程是人们运用语言知识和社会文化知识传递信息的过程，所以学习语言与了解语言所反映的文化背景知识是分不开的。了解英美文化知识，有助于交际畅通。相反，缺乏了解英美文化背景知识必然导致交际障碍，冲突和误解。我们从一下几个方面来了解一下英美两过的文化差异： 一、民族性格差异 英国比美国拥有更悠久的历史，因为英国曾经被法国侵占，所以英国文化以及思维方式在很大程度上都受到法国上流社会的影响，并在长期的发展中形成了英国人特有的“绅士”风度。他们说话客气、行为礼貌，做事情喜欢绕圈子，如果想给你提一些批评指正意见也许需要大费周章的绕很多圈子。 美国作为一个年轻的国家，在近代的发展中体现出该国强大的生命力。该国民族文化的形成与殖民主义、独立战争、工业革命紧密地联系在了一起。也因此美国民族风格的形成就具备了资产阶级的特质。美国人性格的一大特点就是时刻把民主与平等挂在嘴边，这是因为美洲大陆在为殖民地期间，人们要想更好的发展下去，就必须建立起平等的合作关系以保证生产的持续进行。这也就解释了美国人为何一直以世界警察自居，去干涉他国的人权问题，这不仅仅是因为美国政府为了自身经济利益考虑，也符合美国的民族性格。 二、语言差异 英式英语和美式英语之间的差别有时是惊人的，在发音、词汇的使用、语法、和表达方式上都不同。在国内时英语学得很不错的人，一旦到了美国，往往感到美式英语的困惑，不得不花大量的时间来适应美式英语。尽管英美两国都是说英语的国家，但是英式英语与美式英语之间还是存在这很大差异的。首先从发音来看，英式英语讲究字正腔圆，发音比较清楚，很少有连读现象。而美式英语中连读频率很高，卷舌音很多，美国人讲话秉承的就是能省则省，能连则连的原则。另外，两国在用词上也有很大差异，有时同一事物用的词语是不同的，有时要表达同一意思用的句子也是不同的。比如两个人见面打招呼，英国人会用‘How are you‘，而美国人就会简单的用’Hi’来代替。在表达方式上的差别也很惊人。当我看到一本英语口语教材中“好久不见了”的英语口语竟然是“Long time no see”时，我非常反感，认为这是地地道道的中国式英语。但是，当我问在美国定居的一个朋友时，他告诉我，有些美国人就是说“Long time no see” 三、生活习俗差异 英国人非常讲究衣着，讲究绅士风度，西装革履。美国人相对就随意很多，想穿什么就穿什么，不介意别人的评价。两国在饮食上也有很大差异，英国人在饮食上也处处散发着上流社会的高贵气质，从选材到烹饪都精细到了极致，尤其是餐桌礼仪，餐桌上不能发出任何声音，包括说话以及餐具敲击的声音，几乎所有西餐的规则英国人都会遵守。美国人在就餐问题上就随意多了，美国人饮食不讲究精细，只关心方便便捷，一日三餐都很随便，垃圾食品是美国人的最爱。 四、教育差异 英国人的保守与严谨，体现在教育上就是完善的教育体系。英国有一套严格的质量监控体制，各大院校的教学质量评估与科研评估结果向全世界公布，英国的高等教育会定期受到检查。英国大学的科研水平长期保持了一个很高的水平，也是与这个体制分不开的。英国教育的质量也体现在对学生的严格考核上，有的专业可以用“残酷”来形容，被淘汰拿不到学位的也大有人在，英国老师通常不会因为学生只差一点而放学生一马，他们的职业道德和敬业风度有力的保证了教育质量。

英美概况英国的扩张(英文版)

Small Island，Big world As it is a fact that England has been a big country in the world for a long period,not only on the land ,but also on the sea.The British Empire was the largest country at that time,which occupied about 33 million square kilometers,taken up one fifth of the world’s total dry land and about 135 tomes as large as Great Britain.It ruled over a population of 560 million,which was more than ten times as large as that of Britain.It was called an empire “on which the sun never set”.Because on almost all the continents of the world Britain had its colonies that kept the sun can be seen on the sky all the time. Britain’s Overseas Expansion British overseas expansion was clearly part of an older tradition of European empire building.They traced this back to classical Greece and Rome,Spanish and Portuguese expansion following Columbus’ voyage to the new world. Britain’s overseas expansion was begin with several battles against Spanish during Elizabeth ’era.Elizabeth avoided open hostility with Spain,but she secretly encouraged English seadogs to raid Spanish colonies and plunder the Spanish ships that were returning back home to Spain.At first,the Spanish king did not know that Britain was their most dangerous rival or Elizabeth’s intention until Spanish king Philip was at the helm of the state.So ,in 1588,the king dispatched a fleet of 130 vessels which named “the Invincible Fleet ”to England.The fleet sailed up the English Channel and a large naval battle out.The English battleships threw their enemies into panic with fire ships.The badly battered the Spanish’s fleet fled to northward in confusion.Caught in a storm ,many of the Spanish warships died and only half of them survived and went back to Spain,never dare to come to England again. The lost of the war made Spain lose its lead position on the sea,while ,on the other hand,Britian could take over Spanish power became the leader.The victory not only established the position of England as a major sea power but also paved the way for its foreign expansion as a colonizing nation.What’s more,British overseas expansion helped the state gather many property for this empire’s construction. British Foreign Expansion In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries,Britain experience the Industrial Revolution.It is a big event for all the British.During the Industrial Revolution,a varity of chater companies were the tentacles and they spearheaded the foreign expansion and colonization.These companies,such as the East India Company,had the right to use the English Navy.Charter companies would first force a foreign country to open its market,then they would control the market and establish the British sphere of influence.If the British had occupied the land,the natives would have to leave their land or controlled by them.At the same,as a result of the Industrial Revolution,the empire was quite eager for raw material and expanding its foreign market.So the Britain began to expand its colonies all over the world. The expansion began with the colonization of Newfoundland,soon,many continents had became British colonies. In Asia,the East India company was founded in 1600.At first,it traced with India through a few trading posts it had managed to secure on the coast and the southern tip of the peninsula.They also managed to edge out the French and Portuguese colonists who had also come for conquest.By 1819 the British conquest of India was almost complete.The British aggression caused anger

餐厅英语类 英国饮食文化之早餐篇

美联英语提供：英国饮食文化之早餐篇 分享一个免费试听课，名额有限，碰碰运气吧 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a64818513.html,/test/xingzuo.html?tid=16-73675-0 Today people in the UK eat a more varied diet than ever before. As well as the regional diets of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland the many immigrant communities have introduced their cuisines to the previously unadventurous Britons: Chinese, Greek, Indian, Italian, Thai, American fast foods such as pizza, hamburgers and fried chicken have to some extent displaced the traditional fast food of fish and chips. 今天，人们在英国吃了更多样化的饮食比以往任何时候。以及区域饮食的英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士和北爱尔兰，许多移民社区介绍了他们的菜以前unadventurous英国人：中国，希腊，印度，意大利，泰国，美国快餐食品，如比萨饼，汉堡包和炸鸡已在一定程度上取代传统的快餐店的炸鱼和薯条。 Because of the climate and the Germanic origins of many of its early people, the UK has been a traditionally beer drinking rather than a wine drinking country. Nevertheless, in recent years, vineyards in the south of England have proved successful. In the west of England the traditional drink is cider, rather than beer. Over Britain as a whole, however, the traditional drink is tea. 由于气候和日耳曼起源及其早期的许多人，英国一直是传统上喝啤酒，而不是葡萄酒

英国人性格浅谈

英国人性格浅谈 中国有句俗谚叫:一方水土养一方人，说的是不同地域上的人，由于环境不同、生存方式不同、地理气候不同、思想观念不同、人文历史不同、为人处事不同，文化性格特征也不同。举例来说，中国人给人的总体印象是勤劳刻苦、节俭持家；美国人精力充沛，不乏冒险精神；法国人浪漫时尚、极爱度假；德国人谨慎守时、纪律严明等。 英国作为世界上第一个工业化国家，英语又是全世界使用范围最广的语言，这样的一个国家，她的国民到底是怎么样的一个群体呢？笔者对此表示深有兴趣。通过一系列的资料查找，笔者认为英国的性格大致有下文提到的几点。 从整体而言，英国人显著的特点就是保守骄矜。英国人恪守传统，因而给人因循守旧的印象。英国人的象征动物是"约翰牛（John Bull）"，牛的特征之一便是保守固执。假如你作为异客生活在英国，恐怕会感到一种宁静、井然又有些冷漠的气氛。那一座座古老的、外壁已有些变色发黑的基督教堂，那座落在泰晤士河边的古堡式的伦敦塔，那镶嵌着直径二点八米的旧式大钟的英国议会大厦等，无不显露着这个国家固守着一种传统的风格。加上那不易见到阳光的阴暗天气，更平添了一种沉闷的调子。至于英国车辆的右方向盘左行驶，禁止给老房子换窗，以致保暖的中空双层玻璃就没有了用武之地，屋里常常是冷飕飕的，更是众人皆知的事情。 特点之二是喜欢独居，酷爱个人自由。英国人中流传这样的谚语：“我的家就是一座城堡，风可以进来，可未经我允许，任何人，就是国王女皇也不许进入。”许多英国人搬进新居时，做的第一件事是在房子四周围上栅栏，把自己与邻居、与外界隔开，他人不可擅入。还有一句英语谚语：“墙高出睦邻”。我们中国也有句名言：“君子之交淡如水”，或许有几分道理吧!

英美文化作业：英美文化差异(英文版)

英美文化作业：英美文化差 异(英文版) -标准化文件发布号：（9456-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII

the differences of British and American culture The British are, in some ways, less conservative than Americans - the drinking age is 18, not 21, homosexual civil unions are legal, and abortion hasn't been a serious political issue in years. Mixing religion and politics is extremely rare in the UK. On the other hand, there are stricter controls on some things - it's much harder to get a driving licence, and the age requirement is higher than in most states, there are speed cameras everwhere, CCTV cameras in many public places (although they may or may not be working), and carrying weapons or other objects for "self defence" is illegal (in particular, note that pepper spray is illegal). Getting into a debate about the right to bear arms will be very time consuming, and may also lead people to think that you're a gun-nut before they've got to know you properly. Smoking in enclosed public places is illegal that includes pubs, the underground, train stations... more or less any non-residential building actually... (similar to New York, so not so much of a cultural difference there). The British apparently have a wider vocabulary of swear words than Americans. While most Britons will use them fairly freely in a social setting, things are a lot more reserved in formal settings & talking to strangers. I've not yet encountered an American "pub" which bears more than a passing resemblance to a typical British pub. People might go to a pub just to drink and socialise, have a pub lunch, or as part of an attempt to get alchohol poisioning (otherwise know as a "pub crawl"), as well as to watch sporting fixtures (which seems to be the main purpose in America). Going to the pub does not usually imply getting drunk. Although the drinking age is 18, bartenders are supposed to ID anyone who looks under 21. Though I doubt your friend will do much driving, he should be aware of the following things: Most cars in the UK have manual transmission. Cars are smaller and more efficient, petrol is more expensive. Speed limits are higher, but enforced more rigourously. Driving in London is not worth it. Central London has a congestion