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(完整版)仁爱英语中考总复习资料

初三英语总复习教案

七年级（上）Unit 1 复习要点

短语和句子

1、Good morning/ Good afternoon / evening .早上/下午/晚上好

2、(It’s) Nice to meet/see you. = (It’s)Good to meet/see you.= (I’m) Glad to meet/see you

= (I’m) Pleased to meet/see you= (I’m) Happy to meet/see you. 很高兴见到你

3、Welcome to China 欢迎到中国来.

4、Thanks /Thank you . 谢谢

5、You’re welcome ./ That’s all right (OK) .不用谢，

6、Stand up . 起立Sit down .坐下

7、This is…..介绍第三者的用语，复数用These are…

8、How do you do ? 您好9、How are you ? 您好吗？How is she\he? 她\他好吗？

10、I’m fine . 我很好。

11、What’s your/his /her name ?= May I know/have your/his /her name?

Could you please tell me your/his /her name?你/他/她叫什么名字？

12、My name is Jane . 我名叫简

13、Where are you from ? = Where do you come from? Where is he/she from?

= Where does he/she come from?你/他/她/他们来自哪里？

14、I am / He (She) is /They are from Canada/Japan/the U.S.A/England/Cuba/China.我/他/她/他们来自加拿大/日本/美国/英国/古巴/中国。

15、Cheers .干杯16、How old are you ? 你几岁了？

17、I’m five (years old) 我五岁了18、What’s your phone number ?你的电话号码是多少？

My telephone number is……= It’s…..

19、What class /grade are you / is he /she in ?你/他/她在哪个班级/年级？

20、I am / He /She is in Class Four , Grade One .我/他/她在一年级四班。

21、Who is that ? 那是谁？22、That’s Lucy 那是露西。.

23、What’s this / that in English ? It’s …… 这/那用英语怎么表达？

24、This / That is an orange 这/那是一个桔子。.25、What are these / those ? 这/那些是什么？

26、They are schoolbags / books /buses .它们是书包/ 书/公共汽车。

27、Is this /that a telephone ? 这/那是一部电话吗？28、Yes, it is.\ No, it isn’t.

29、Are these /those pencils ?这些是铅笔吗？30、Yes, they are.\No, they aren’t.

31、How do you spell it你是怎么拼写它的？M—A—P, map.

32、Can you spell it? Yes, M—A—P, map.33、Excuse me . 请问，打扰了

34、in the same class 在相同的班级35、good friend 好朋友

36、．Mr. Mrs Miss Ms用于姓之前(Mr. 表示先生，是对中年男子的尊称，婚否不限；Mrs表示夫人，是对中年已婚女子的称呼：Ms,是对不知婚否女子的称呼；Miss是对未婚女子或老师的称呼)

语法

1、be中am、is、are的基本用法,区别及其引导的一般疑问句和回答.

am接在I之后，is放在单数的名词或代词之后，are放在复数的名词或代词之后，否定句在be后加not,一般疑问句将be提前。回答：Yes,人称代词+ be./ No, 人称代词+be + not.

He is Mr. Chen. He is not Mr. Chen. Is he Mr. Chen? Yes, he is. / No, he is not.

I am a student. I am not a student. Are you a student? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

They are teachers. They are not teachers. Are they teachers? Yes, they are. / No, they are not.

2.名词的复数：

1）一般在名词词尾加—s car---cars; apple--apples

2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词，在词尾加---es，如：box---boxes; bus---buses; watch ---watches.

3）部分国人的复数：以an结尾的单词，在词尾加—s；以结尾的单词，单复数同形。如：Chinese---Chinese, Japanese---Japanese, American---Americans Brazilian—Brazilians, Canadian---Canadians.

3)以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es，如：family---families.

5）以fe、f结尾，变fe、f为ve再加s，如：life---lives. 6）特殊情况，如：mouse---mice；foot---feet, tooth--teeth, Chinese--Chinese, Japanese--Japanese

3. 基数词的表达：0—100 zero one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen nineteen twenty twenty-one thirty…forty… fifty…sixty…

4. a,an,the的用法: a /an 都表示“一，一个”，如果单词的音标是元音音标开始的，我们在前用an, an apple / a ‘u’;/ an ‘s’

Unit 2 Looking Different

Topic 1

small - big / large / wide long - short black – white tall - short

young – old new - old

1. a small nose 一个小鼻子

2. a big head 一个大头

3. long\short hair 长/短头发

4. a wide mouth 一个大嘴巴

5. round faces 圆脸

6. your favorite movie star 你最喜爱的电影明星

7. guess again 再猜8. a good student 一个好学生

9. have a sister 有一个姐妹10. her/his name 他/她的名字

11. in the same school 在同一所学校12. in different grades 在不同的年级

13. Your face is long . = ______________________14. His hair is short. = ______________________

15. Do you have long hair? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Yes, we do. No, we don’t.

16. Does she / he have big eyes? Yes, she / he does. No, she / he doesn’t.

17. Do they have new friends?Yes, they do. No, they don’t.

10. I know. 我知道 I don’t know. 我不知道。I see.我明白

11. I’m thirteen years old. = I’m 13 years old.= I’m 13. = I’m thirteen.

Topic2

1. What does she look like? 她看起来怎么样？

2. that boy 那个男孩

3. my friend 我的朋友

4.look the same=have the same looks 看起来一样

5. look different =have different looks 看起来不一样

6. blond hair and blue hair金发碧眼

7. good friend 好朋友

8. 表示颜色的词语:

What’s 颜色and 颜色? It’s……

9. 关于颜色的提问：What color…?

-- What color is the skirt? -- It’s white. -- What color are the shirts? - They are white.

10. give something to somebody= give somebody something 给某人某物

Give the book to Maria = Give Maria the book. 把书给Maria.

11. short brown hair 12. look at the photo\ picture 看着这张照片

13. look (at) = have a look (at) 14. the girl in yellow = the girl in a green skirt

15. in 可表示“用某种语言在…..里面，穿着”

in English in the morning \ afternoon \ evening in a green car in a red coat in red

16. which疑问词的使用https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a74227860.html,

Which girl? The girl in red. 哪个女孩？穿红色衣服的那个女孩。

Which bag? The blue one. 哪个包？蓝色那个。

18. 区别has/have与am/is/are的用法：has/have表示“有”，即“某人有某物”，am/is/are表示“是”即“…是…”

19. 有实意动词的一般现在时态的用法：动词原形——第三人称单数形式

1）直接加“s”，如：make----makes; come----comes.

2）动词以o，s，ch，sh,x结尾，再后加“es”，如：do---does; watch----watches; wish---wishes; miss----misses;

guess----guesses

3）特殊情况，如：have----has;

4）辅音字母+y，把y改为i，加—es, 如:Study---studies

20. 句型转换：

1）主语为第三人称单数，否定句，在动词前加doesn`t,再把动词改回原形，一般疑问句，在句首加does，再把动词改回原形,回答，Yes,人称代词+does。/ No, 人称代词+does+not。

She has small eyes. She doesn`t have small eyes. Does she have small eyes? Yes, she does./ No, she doesn`t. 2) 主语为除第三人称单数之外的人称，否定句，在动词前加don`t, 一般疑问句，在句首加do,回答，Yes,人称代词+do./ No, 人称代词+do+not。

They have small eyes. They don`t have small eyes. Do they have small eyes? Yes, they do./ No, they don`t. 21. 选择疑问句：选择疑问句是个一般疑问句+or+与or前同类型的单词，我们不能用Yes/No来回答，

要在or前后两种情况中选择一种回答。

Is he tall or short?----- He is tall. Does she have a pen or a pencil?---- She has a pencil.

Topic3

1. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的用法区别:因为名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的汉语意思是一样的，名词性物主代词可独立使用，后面不要跟名词；形容词性物主代词不可独立使用，后面要跟名词。如：It is my shirt.= It is mine. my为形容词性物主代词，mine为名词性物主代词，your, his,her,our,its,their，my等都属于形容词性物主代词，形容词性物主代词通常置于名词前，修饰限定名词，作定语；而名词性物主代词（mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs）相当于”形容词性物主代词+名词”,当主语，宾语，或表语；“如：

Is this your coat? ==Is this coat yours? 这是你的大衣吗？

2. whose cap is it?

3. It’s Sally’s.

4.名词的所有格：

5. Whose jacket is this? =

6. Is it your jacket? =

7. a new classmate 一个新同学8. in different clothes 穿不同的衣服

9. find this man 找到这位男子10. help us find him 帮助我们找到他

11. help sb （to）do sth 帮助某人做某事

Unit 3 Getting Together

Topic 1 Do you like the English corner?

核心词汇：

could, tell, sure, call, any, study, problem, speak, live, say, want, visit, often, helpful, classmate, poor,

常用词组：

for short, English corner, pen pal, the Great Wall, not…at all, a little

重点句型：

1.Do you like the English corner?

2.May I study English with you?

3.Do you like pets?

交际用语：

1.- Excuse me. Could you please tell me your name? – Sure. My name is Michael.

2.– May I know your name? –No problem. I’m…

语法精粹：

1.do 和does 引导的一般疑问句及其肯定和否定回答；一般现在时的第三人称单数

Do you have any friends here? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.

Does he speak Chinese? Yes, he do es. / No, he doesn’t.

2.人称代词的运用。

I like it very much.

You can call me Mike for short.

3.情态动词may与could的运用。https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a74227860.html,

Topic 2 This is a photo of my family.

核心词汇：

yourselves, glad, parent, both, office, worker, driver, farmer, cook, work, farm, hospital, drive, aunt, uncle, grandparent, grandmother, son, daughter

常用词组：

come in, at home, have a seat, on a farm, in a school/a hospital/an office, a photo of, family tree, look after

重点句型：

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a74227860.html,e in and make yourselves at home.

2.What a nice place!

3.Please have a seat.

4.My grandmother lives with us and looks after Rose at home.

交际用语：

1.– What does your mother do? – She is a teacher.

2.– What do your parents do? – They are both office workers.

3.– What do you do? –I’m a student.

4.– Where does she work? – She works in a school.

语法精粹：

一般现在时含有助动词do/does的特殊疑问句，询问职业和工作场所。

What do/does…do? Where do/does…work?

Topic 3 Would you like something to drink?

核心词汇：

food, fish, meat, chicken, rice, vegetable, noodle, hamburger, bread, dumpling,

drinks: drink, tea, milk, water, juice

meals: breakfast, lunch, supper, dinner

others: why, take, wait, something, eat, love, more, full, many

常用词组：

would like, what about, a cup of tea, why not…, wait a moment, something to drink/eat, a bowl of noodles, have dinner with…, help oneself to…, some more…

重点句型：

1.– What would you like to have?

2.– Would you like something to eat/drink?

3.– Would you like to have dinner with me?

交际用语：

1.Help yourselves. / Help yourselves to some fish.

2.May I take your order?

3.Wait a moment, please.

4.Let me see.

5.Why not have some fish and eggs?

6.Good idea.

7.They are very friendly.

语法精粹：

可数名词和不可数名词

Unit 4 Having Fun

Topic 1 How much is it?

核心词汇：

madam, try, buy, thirty, ninety, hundred, pair, store, need, few, thing, salt, kilo, bottle, everything, list

重点句型：

1.I want some clothes for my daughter.

2.Would you like some sugar or bread?

3.I don’t want any sugar.

交际用语：

1.What can I do for you?

2.Thanks a lot.

3.Not at all.

4.May / Can I help you?

5.How much is it?

6.It’s only 70 yuan.

7.I’m just looking.

8.What do you think of this pair of running shoes?

9.I don’t like them at all.

10.Are you kidding?

语法精粹：

1.some, any 的使用。

2.可数名词与不可数名词。

Topic 2 Would you like to go for a picnic?

核心词汇：

free, Sunday, picnic, forget, guitar, swim, plan, kite, message, ask, back, pardon, afraid, wrong, sing, song, fun, fly, carry, next

常用词组：

for a picnic, go swimming, go shopping, speak to, take a message, ask sb. to do sth., tell…about… give me a call, have to, French fries

重点句型：

1.Don’t forget to bring your guitar.

2.May I speak to Maria?

3.Could you ask him to give me a call?

交际用语：

1.– Hello.

-Hello, Jane! This is Kangkang.

-Are you free this Sunday?

-Yes, What’s up?

-Would you like to go to West Hill for a picnic?

2.May I speak to Maria?

3.Can I take a message?

4.Yes, thanks. Could you ask her to call me back this evening?

5.Sure.

6.Pardon?

7.Steve, how about flying a kite with me?

8.I’d love to, but I’m afraid I have no time.

9.I’d like that, thanks.

10.What about having a picnic with old Mcdonald tomorrow?

Topic 3 What are your favorite animals?

核心词汇：

zoo, great, animal, elephant, lion, panda, clever, horse, pig, past, quarter, half, star, bed, homework, watch

常用词组：

have time, next time, start school, get up, watch TV, on one’s way

重点句型：

1.I’m afraid I’ll have no time.

2.What animals do you like best?

3.It’s time to go home.

4.I can’t find my w ay home.

交际用语：

1.What time is it, please? / What’s the time, please?

2.It’s one o’clock./It’s a quarter past one./It’s twenty to two.

3.What’s wrong with you?

4.See you next time.

5.Here we are.

6.It’s very kind of you to help us.

语法精粹：

1. 时间表达方式。

七年级下册

Unit 5 School Life

Topic 1 How do you usually go to school?

核心词汇：

gate, plane, train, ship, boat, group, taxi, weekday, early, catch, walk, ride, park, game, today, life, break, finish, basketball, read, clean, house, library, music, week, listen, never, sometimes, every, once, twice, which

常用词组：

the same to, on foot, in one’s free time, have a short break, clean the house, listen to music

重点句型：

1.Li Xiang often rides a bike to school.

2.We want to know about the school life of American students.

3.She has breakfast with her parents.

4.Work must come first.

5.The early bird catches the worm.

交际用语：

1.– Happy New Year! –The same to you.

2.– Do you often read books in the library? –Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.

3.–How often do you go to the library? – There times a week.

语法精粹：一般现在时

Topic 2 She is reading in the library.

核心词汇：

playground, lab, room, gym, classroom, building, pool, card, soon, physics, borrow, shelf, course, keep, return, pleasure, purse, money, else, plan, center, left, attention, news, between, movie, show, program, world, stamp, exercise, because, talk, Japanese, wonderful

常用词组：

of course, lost and found, in the center of, next to, on the playground, at the moment, look for, return…to…, between…and…, talk with/to…, the Great Wall, at the back of…

重点句型：

1.He likes playing soccer best.

2.He is sleeping at the moment.

3.Would you like to play basketball?

4.May I borrow a few Ren’ai project English workbooks?

5.You must return them on time.

6.Here is the news.

7.He looks happy, because he loves swimming.

交际用语：

1.– Are you doing your homework? – Y es, I am./No, I’m not.

2.– What does Kangkang like doing best? – He likes playing soccer best.

3.– How long can I keep them? – Two weeks.

4.– Thank you. –It’s a pleasure.

语法精粹：现在进行时的用法。

Topic 3 My school life is very interesting.

核心词汇：

subject, history, math, art, geography, P.E., science, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday,

Friday, February, meeting, lesson, draw, learn, easy, interesting, difficult, boring, useful, hard, wish, story

常用词组：

work on, learn about, think of, not…at all, be friendly to sb. some other, and so on, learn…from…

重点句型：

1.How many lessons does he have every day?

2.What time is school over in the afternoon?

3.What’s your favorite subject?

4.I don’t like math at all.

5.What do you think of English?

6.My teachers are very friendly to me.

7.Can you tell me something about your school life?

8.I can learn a lot from it.

9.Thank you for your hard work.

交际用语：

1.– What day is it today? – It is Wednesday.

2.– What class are they having? – They are having a music class.

3.– What time does the class begin? –At ten o’clock.

4.– Which subject do you like best? – I like history best.

5.– Why do you like it? –Because it’s easy and interesting.

6.– How many lessons does he have every day? – Six.

7.–What’s your favorite subject? –Music. I think it’s interesting.

8.Best wishes!

语法精粹：

1.特殊疑问句。

2.现在进行时与一般现在时用法的比较。

Unit 6 Our Local Area

Topic 1 Is there a computer in your study?

核心词汇：

bedroom, second, upstairs, kitchen, garden, cousin, front, lamp, clock, floor, table, put, key, away, behind, window, model, under, river, beautiful, bathroom, drawer, keyboard

常用词组：

next to, in front to, play with, have a look, how many, look after, put away

重点句型：

1.Is there a computer in your study?

2.You must look after your things.

3.There’re many beautiful flowers in the garde n.

4.But there aren’t any trees in it.

交际用语：

1.Welcome to my new house, Maria.

2.Why not go upstairs and have a look?

3.Don’t put them here. Put them away, please.

4.Let’s go and have a look.

语法精粹：

1.there be结构（Ⅰ） 2 how many句型

Topic 2 What’s your home like?

核心词汇：

countryside, month, noon, furniture, quiet, single, neighbor, bank, street, museum, supermarket, station, mail, restaurant, hear, piano, loud, really, end, road, area, close, child, far, service, stop, fan, line, bad, someone, check, move, city, cost, traffic, yard

常用词组：

Family of three, post office, according to, keep money, parking lot, at the end of, a lot of, close to, far from, right now

重点句型：

1.What’s your home like?

2.You can rent your single room to Bob for ￥280 per month.

3.I hear you playing the piano.

4.There are a lot of tall buildings and small gardens in our community.

5.There is something wrong with my kitchen fan.

6.I’ll get someone to check it right now.

7.The traffic is heavy and the cost of living is high.

交际用语：

1.What’s your home like?

2.Would you like me to help you?

3.What’s the matter?

4.I’m afraid it’s too loud.

5.I’m really sorry about that.

6.My kitchen fan doesn’t work.

7.I can’t hear you. The line is bad.

语法精粹：There be 结构（Ⅱ）

Topic 3 Which is the way to the post office?

核心词汇：

town, along, turn, across, bridge, meter, until, miss, kilometer, should, change, public, light, danger, hurt, die, accident, ruler, before, cross, speed, careful, late, when fast, ticket

常用词组：

across from, all the same, the way to, change to, go straight, get hurt, wait for , be careful, away from

交际用语：

1.How can I get to…?

2.Go along Xinhua Street and turn left at the first street.

3.Could you tell me the way to…?

4.Go along this road until…

1.– Excuse me, which is the way to the post office?

–Sorry, I don’t know. I’m new here.

– Thank you all the same!

2.– Excuse me. Is there a bank near here?

–Yes. Go up this street to the end, and you’ll find it on your left.

3.Don’t play on the street.

语法精粹：祈使句

Unit 7 Celebrating the Birthday

Topic 1 When were you born?

核心词汇：

birthday, May, celebrate, party, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, twelfth, twentieth, Saturday, date, thousand, July, October, August, were, was, born, January, March, April, June, September, November, December, rest, alone, present, ago, candle, square, circle, surprise, wash, football, machine, shape

常用词组：

plan to do sth., be born, have a look, use sth. for…, give sb. a surprise

重点句型：

1.How do you plan to celebrate it?

2.She was born on October 22nd, 1996.

3.What shape was it a moment ago?

4.How long/wide is it?

5.What do we use it for?

交际用语：

1.– Would you like to come? –Thank you. I’d love to.

2.– What day is it today? –It’s Saturday.

3.–What’s the date today? –It’s May 5th, 2007.

4.– Can I have a look? –Sorry, I’m afraid you can’t.

语法精粹：

1. 一般过去时（I）

2. 基数词和序数词的用法

Topic 2 Can you dance the disco?

核心词汇：

skate, smart, count, hen, jump, frog, climb, tennis, write, still, anything, word, mean, lonely

常用词组：

have a good time, take…to, take photos, be good at

重点句型：

1.Why not sing Chinese songs with me?

2.What else can you do?

3.There was something wrong with her eyes.

交际用语：

1.– Can you dance? – Yes, I can. / Yes, a little. / Yes, very well.

– Can you draw? –No, I can’t. / No, not at all.

2.Happy birthday to you!

3.You are so smart!

4.No way!

语法精粹：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a74227860.html,

情态动词can/could 的用法。

Topic 3 We had a wonderful party?

核心词汇：

did, recite, poem, magic, enjoy, rock, yesterday, fall, happen, himself, video, lie, truth, fact, ever, everyone, around, silent, blow, breath, had, lose, funny

常用词组：

at once, fall down, come back, in fact, by hand, tell a lie, make a silent wish, blow out, in one breath

重点句型：

1.Did Kangkang enjoy himself at the party?

2.Helen was reciting a poem while Maria was dancing ballet.

3.But we went to Alice’s home and talked about it until twelve o’clock.

4.Did Judy tell a lie to her father?

5.Kangkang made a silent wish, and then he blew the candles out in one breath.

交际用语：

1.It’s your turn.

2.Did you hurt yourself?

3.Look at your hands! Go and wash them at once.

4.This way, please.

5.How could you lie to me?

6.– We did see a movie. It was wonderful! – Oh, really?

7.Why didn’t you tell me the truth?

语法精粹：一般过去时（Ⅱ）

Unit 8 The Seasons and the Weather

Topic 1 How is the weather in fall?

核心词汇：

weather, spring, summer, winter, season, warm, mountain, cold, rain, snow, ground, holiday, low, umbrella, remember, wear, sunshine, spend, report, busy, leaf, cloudy, snowy, sunny, windy, rainy, temperature, bright, if, shorts

常用词组：

make a snowman, all day, nice and warm, remember to do sth. need to do sth. later on, all the year round, come back to life, the same as, last from…to (从……持续到……), be busy doing sth. fall from (从……上掉下来)

重点句型：

1.It is a good season for hiking.

2.It is a good time to climb mountains.

3.The ground is white with snow.

4.It’s nice and warm.

5.What’s the weather like in summer?

6.Please remember to wear warm clothes.

7.You need to wear sunglasses.

8.Many trees and flowers come back to life.

9.The farmers are busy harvesting.

10.The leaves fall from the tree.

11.Winter lasts from December to February.

交际用语：

1.–What ‘s the weather like in spring? –It’s warm.

2.– How was the weather yesterday? – It was cloudy all day.

3.– Which season do you like best, spring, summer, fall or winter? – I like summer best.

4.–What’s the temperature, do you know?

– The low temperature is 20℃ and the high temperature is 25℃

5 It’s hard to say.

语法精粹：

一般现在时与一般过去时的用法比较

Topic 2 The summer holidays are coming.

核心词汇：

travel, country, hope, together, interest, each, expensive, camera, raincoat, map, trip, enter, off, wet, point, touch, finger, paper, gift, pass, during, greeting, tent

常用词组：

talk about, take pictures, get together with, places of interest, a pair of, and so on, go on a trip, take off, point to, pass…to…, gift money, the day before yesterday

重点句型：

1.The summer holidays are coming soon.

2.I wish to travel around the country and take pictures.

3.I hope to get together with them.

4.What’s the best time to go there?

5.What should I take with me?

6.How long were you there?

7.It is very different from ours.

交际用语：

1.– I hope you all have a good time. – You, too.

2.It sounds really interesting!

3.– How was your trip? – It was wonderful!

4.Please give my love to your parents.

语法精粹：

一般过去时的特殊疑问句形式。

Topic 3 Let’s celebrate!

核心词汇：

festival, Christmas, potato, sweet, luck, riddle, special, believe, important, prepare, open, grape, whole, lucky, knock, shout, labor, international, hold, race, national, capital, flag, burn, god

常用词组：

stay up, put up, play tricks on, prepare for, at the end of, knock on/at

重点句型：

1.It means the end of the Spring Festival.

2.People show their love to their mothers by giving presents.

3.People are busy preparing for Christmas.

4.They give Christmas cards to their friends and decorate Christmas trees with lights and colorful balls.

5.Children put up stockings by the fireplaces.

6.In China, celebrating Spring Festival is a big event.

7.On the eve of the festival, the whole family get together for a big dinner.

8.People stay up and enjoy dumplings at midnight for good luck.

9.Children greet their parents and get lucky money as new year gifts.

交际用语：

1.Merry Christmas! 2 Let’s celebrate.

3Please give my best wishes to your parents.

语法精粹：

一般过过去时（Ⅲ）

八年级英语上册

Unit 1 Sports and Games

Topic 1 Are you going to play basketball ?

一.重点词语:

1. almost(反义词)never

2.win(过去式)won(名词)winner

3.ski(现在分词)skiing

4.famous(比较级)more famous

5.arrive(同义词)reach

6.leave(过去式))left

7.popular(最高级)most popular 8.healthy(同义词)fit(名词)health

(一)词组

1.during the summer holidays 在暑假期间

2.between…and… 在两者之间 3 cheer sb. on 为某人加油

4prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事5quite a bit/a lot 很多

6plan to do sth.计划做某事7have a skating club 举办滑雪俱乐部

8go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking 去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足

9arrive in/at 到达10play against…与……对抗/较量

11for long 很久12leave for… 动身去…

13the day after tomorrow 后天14China’s national team 中国国家队

15 play baseball 打棒球16at least 至少

17What a shame! 多羞愧！18be good at 善于做某事

19take part in 参加20all over the world 全世界

21be good for 对……有益22a good way 一种好方法

23keep fit/healthy 保持健康24relax oneself 放松某人自己

二.重点句型

1What’s your favorite sport? = What sport do you like best? 你最喜爱的运动是什么?

2Which sport do you prefer? = Which sport do you like better? 你更喜欢什么运动?

I prefer skating. = I like skating better. 我更喜欢滑雪.

3 Do you skate much? = Do you often skate? 你常滑雪吗?

4She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day. 每天她至少花半小时在体育馆.

5She plays baseball pretty well and she is also good at jumping.

她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳.

6What kind of sports do you like? = Which sport do you like? 你喜欢哪种运动?

7Would you like to come and cheer us on ? 你愿意来为我们加油吗？

8What are you going to be when you grow up? 当你长大后做什么？

9There is going to be a school sports meet next month.下月有一场运动会。

重点语言点

1.see sb. do sth “看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程,常与every day; often等连用.

see sb. do ing sth. “看见某人正在做某事” 强调动作正在进行.

如: I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays.

I often see him draw pictures near the river. 我常看见她在河边画画.

I saw her go across the street. 我看见她过了马路

I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过马路.

[类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词.

2.join sb. 表示“加入某人的行列” “和某人在一起” join + 组织表示“加入某个组织”

take part in 表示“参加/出席某个活动”

如: Will you join us? I will join the skiing club.

She is planning to take part in the high jump.

3.arrive in + 大地点arrive at + 小地get to + 地点= reach + 地点

如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday.

I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached the Great Wall.

注意: reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home

4.leave… 离开…… leave for… 动身去…/离开到…

如: They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他们要离开北京.

They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 后天他们要前往日本.

5.a few “几个;一些” 修饰可数名词 a little “一点点” 修饰不数名词

如: There are a few eggs in the basket. There is a little water in the bottle.

6.how long 表示“多久(时间)”; 提问时间段.

how often 表示“多常; 多久一次”; 提问时间的频率.

如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. → How long will they stay in Beijing?

He plays basketball twice a week. → How often does he play basketball?

7.be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth.擅长于(做)某事

如: She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball.

8.make sth/sb + adj.使某物(某人)在某种状态

keep …sth/sb + adj. 保持某物(某人)在某种状态

如: Playing soccer can make your body strong.

Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.

Topic 2 Would you mind teaching me ?

一、重点词语:

（一）词形转换：

(1) adj. + ly → adv.

loud → loudly soft → softly quiet → quietly

clear → clearly angry → angrily easy → easily

(2)过去式：fall → fell break → broke lose →lost throw → threw feel → felt

(3) 1.ill (同义词)sick (名词)illness 2.start(同义词)begin

3.far(反义词)near

4.smoke(现在分词)smoking

5.careless(反义词)careful

6.important(比较级) more important

7.Russia(公民)Russian

8.enjoy(现在分词)enjoying

9.invent(名词)invention; inventor 10.indoor(反义词)outdoor

11.century(复数)centuries 12.coach(复数)coaches

13.feel (名词)feeling 14.tiring(近义词)tired

(二) 词组:

1.have a soccer game 进行一场足球赛2fall ill 病倒了

3be a little far from 离……有点远4right away = at once立刻;马上

5miss a good chance 错过一个好机会6get/miss a goal 得到/失去一分

7shame on sb.为某人感到羞耻8do one’s best尽某人的力

9say sorry to sb. 对某人说抱歉10be sure to do sth.确定做某事

11be angry with… 生某人的气

12with one’s help = with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下

13serve food 上菜14turn up/down… 调高/低（音量）

15keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事16in a minute一分钟后；马上

17on the phone在电话中18take a seat 就坐

19never mind 不要紧20a lot of traveling一系列旅行

21love/enjoy doing sth 喜爱/欢做某事

22have a very exciting life 过着非常兴奋的生活23as well 也

24throw…into…把……投进……25follow/obey the rules 遵守规则

26over a century later一个多世纪后27more and more people 越来越多的人

28feel tired 感到疲劳29instead of… 替代……

30ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事31make a plan for sb.为某人订一份计划

32build up 增进;增强33have fun doing sth. 乐于做…..做某事

34be important to 对于某人来说是重要

35in a minute/ at once/ right away 立刻/马上

二.重点句型

1.Could you please do me a favor? = Could you help me? = Could you give me a hand?

你能帮我吗？

2.Would you mind teaching me? = Would you please teach me? 你教我好吗？

3.Would you mind not smoking here ? 你不要在这里抽烟好吗？

4.You are always so careless. 你总是这样粗心大意.

5.I’m very sorry for what I said. 我为所说感到到道歉。

6.We are sure to win next time 下次，我们一定回赢。

7.Let me buy you a new one. = Let me buy a new one for you.让我为你买一个新的。

8.He invented an indoor game for his students so that they could play it even in bad weather. 他为他的学

生们发明了一项室内运动以便他们甚至在恶劣的天气也能玩。

9.And you can throw it with one hand or both hands.你能用一只手或两只手投掷它。

10.I have great fun running and I feel well and look fit 我总是快乐地跑步和我感到很好，看上去很健康。

三. 重点语言点

1.ill 与sick 都表示“生病的”, 只能作表语而既可作表语也可作定语.

如: The man is ill/sick. 那个男人病了. (作表语)

He is a sick man. 他是个病人. (作定语)

2.Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示“(不)做某事介意/好吗?”

如: Would you mind coming and checking it? 来修理它好吗?

Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在这儿吸烟好/介意吗?

3. one of + 名词复数表示“其中之一……”, 主语是one,表单数.

如: One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一个队友又高又壮。

One of my friends likes English 其中我的一个朋友喜欢英语。

4. miss “错过,思念,遗失”

如: I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我错过最后一班车.

He missed his mother. 他想念他的母亲.

My God! I missed(=lost) my key. 天啊! 我把钥匙弄丢了.

5. be sure to do sth. = be sure that + 句子“确定做某事”

如: We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next time.

我们确信下次一定会赢。

6.be sorry for… “为某事抱歉”

be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子“很抱歉做了某事”

如: I am very sorry for what I said. 我为我所说的话感到抱歉.

I’m sorry I lost your book. = I’m sorry to lose your book.很抱歉弄丢你的书。

7．tired adj. “（感到）疲惫的” , 主语是人如: I feel tired today. 今天我感到累了.

tiring adj. “令人疲劳的”, 主语是事物如:This job is tiring. 这份工作令人疲惫.

类似的有: excited 感到兴奋的exciting 令人兴奋的

interested 感到有趣的interesting 有趣的

8.15-year-old “15岁的”

15 years old “15岁” 如: He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is 15 years old.

类似用法: 2.5-mile / 2.5 miles

9. instead “替代;相反”, 一般单独使用,放在句末,前面用逗号隔开.

instead of…“替代……;而不……,相反”

如: I won’t go to Shanghai. I’ll go to Beijing, instead. 我不会去上海而会去北京.

= I’ll go to Beijing instead of Shanghai.

I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了许多牛奶而不是水.

10.have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示“从做…….中获得乐趣”

如: I have great fun running. = I enjoy running.我总能在跑步中得到很大乐趣。

Topic 3 Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics.

一、重点词组:

1.join the English club 加入英语俱乐部

2.host the 2008 Olympics 举办2008年奥运会

3.fill out 填出/好4go on 发生；进行

5all the interesting places 所有有趣的地方6quite a lot 相当多

7make friends with…与……交朋友8be afraid 恐怕

9be free 有空10see you then 再见

11win the first gold medal 赢得第一枚金牌

12get 28 gold medals 获得28枚金牌

13the winner of the first gold medal 第一枚金牌的获胜者

14every four years 每四年;每隔三年

15the mascot for the Beijing Olympics 北京奥运会的吉祥物

16behave well 举止得体17improve the environment 改善环境

18plant trees and grass 种植花草树木19a symbol of …一种……的象征

20stand for 代表21the five parts of the world 世界的五大部分

22do morning exercises 做早操23be fond of (doing) sth. 喜欢(做)某事

二、重点句型

1.Could you tell me your name? = What’s your name?

你能告诉我你的名字吗?

2.What do you do? = What’s your job? = What are you? 你是干什么的?

3.Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics. 北京将主办2008年奥运会

4. More and more foreign friends ride in my taxi (= take my taxi) now.

现在越来越多的外国朋友搭我的出租车.

5.Speaking English will help me a lot. 说英语将对我有很大帮助.

6..Please fill it out. 请把它填好.

7.What will the weather be like this weekend? = How will the weather be this weekend?

本周末的天气怎样?

8. There will be more roads in Beijing. 在北京将会有更多的马路.

9. When shall we meet? 我们什么时候见面？

10.Let’s make it half past six.咱们把时间定在六点半吧。

三. 重点语言点

1.fill out + 名词“填好……” fill + 名词/代词+out

如: Please fill out this form. = Please fill this form out. 请填好这张表格.

Please fill it/them out. (当宾语是代词时, 只能放中间) 请把它(们)填好.

2.be afraid… “恐怕” 指有礼貌地、委婉地拒绝别人.

be afraid of… “害怕(做)……”

如: I’m afraid I won’t be free. 我恐怕没有空.

He is afraid of dogs. 他害怕狗.

They are afraid of losing the game. 他们害怕输了比赛.

3may be “可能是……” may是情态动词+ be

maybe “或许; 可能” maybe是副词

如: He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a teacher. 他可能是一名老师.

He may know her name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字.

4between 在两者之间among 在三者或三者当中

如: The answer is between A and B. 答案在A和B 之间.

The winner is among of us. 获胜者在我们当中.

5. There be 句型的一般将来时

正:There will be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.

= There is going to be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.

误:There will have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.

= There is going to have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.

四、交际用语

提建议的句型:

Would you like to go hiking with us? 你想和我们一起去远足吗?

What/How about going hiking with us? 和我们一起去远足怎么样?

Why don’t you go hiking with us? 你为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?

Why not go hiking with us? 为什么不和我们为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?呢?

Let’s go hiking. 让我们一起去远足吧!

Would you mind going hiking with us? 你介意和我们一起去远足吗?

Would you please go hiking with us? 和我们一起去远足好吗?

Unit 2 Keeping healthy

Topic 1 How are you feeling today?

一、重点短语

1.have a cold/a toothache /a fever/a cough/a backache/a stomachache/a sore throat /the flu /sore eyes

感冒/牙疼/发烧/咳嗽/背疼胃疼/咽喉发炎/流感/眼疼

2.take a rest=have a rest 休息3not read for too long 不要看书太久

4boiled water 开水5stay in bed 卧病在床，躺在床上

6have a good sleep 好好睡一觉7feel terrible 感觉难受

8day and night 日日夜夜9You`d better=You had better 你最好-------

10not so well 很不好11not too bad 没什么大碍

12much better 好多了13go to see a doctor 去看病

14take /have some medicine 吃药15take---to--- 把--------带到--------

16send---to--- 把-------送到------- 17hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶

18lie down 躺下19look after=take care of 照看，照顾

20brush teeth 刷牙21have an accident 发生一次意外/事故

22don`t worry 别担心23worry about 担心--------

24nothing serious 没什么严重，没什么大碍25check over 诊断，仔细检查

26thank you for---- 因--------而感谢你27buy---for-- 为------买------

28not------until---- 直到-------才---- 29ice cream 冰淇淋

30both----and--- ------和-------都是---- 31take some cold pills 吃感冒药

32plenty of 许多，大量

二、重点句型

1. What`s wrong with you/him/her?你/他/她怎么了？

What`s the matter with-------? What`s the trouble with------?

2.You should see a dentist.你应该去看牙医。这是一种表达建议的句子。还可以用以下句式：you`d better(not)-------how /what about--------why not/don`t you --------

3.I`m sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过。这是表示同情别人的句子。

4.You look pale.你看起来很苍白。（1）在英语中表示气色不好，苍白，不用whit，而用pale

（2）“look ”在这里译作“看起来”，作连系动词，后接形容词。如：

You look beautiful。你看起来很漂亮。与look用法相同的连系动词还有tast ，sound ，smell ，feel 。如：The soup tastes very delicious .这汤尝起来真香。

Your voice sound nice.你的声音听起来很动人。

The flowers smell sweet .这些花闻起来很香。

The silk feels smooth 丝绸摸起来很光滑。

5.------Shall I take you to the hospital?我送你去医院吧？

-------No,thank you.不用，谢谢。

Shall I do----需要我做-------吗？

take sb to-----------把某人送到某地

6. I`ll take some medicine and see how it goes. 我打算先吃药看看情况再说。

“goes”在这里指事情的进展。“it ”用来代指病情。如：

How is everything going?一切进展如何？

Everything is going well.一切进展顺利。

7.You`d better drink hot tea with honey.你最好喝加蜂蜜的热茶。

tea with honey 加了蜂蜜的茶，with表示一种伴随状态。类似的表达还有：

some coffee with sugar and milk加了牛奶和糖的咖啡

some tea without sugar不加糖的茶

8.Michael had an accident yesterday.昨天迈克发生了事故。

had an accident发生了事故

9.But my left leg still hurts when I move it.可是当我挪动脚时，还是有点儿疼。

句中“hurt”译为“疼痛”，作不及物动词。后不可接宾语。如：my head hurts.

10.Your X-rays show it`s nothing serious.你的X光照片显示没什么严重的问题。

nothing serious 没什么严重的。nothing ，something ，anything等不定代词，被形容词修饰时，形容词位于其后。如：

I have something important to say.我有一些重要的事情要说。

11.Stay in bed and don`t move your leg too much.躺在床上，不要总是挪动你的腿。

12.Michael`s friends bought some chocolate for him .迈克的朋友给他买饿一些巧克力。

buy sth for sb.双宾语的运用。使用双宾语时，在人宾前需要使用介词，有时用“to”有时用“for ”，这与动词本身有关，表示动词的方向，多用“to”，表示动词的目的，多用“ for ”

give sth to sb. pass sth to sb.

bring sth to sb. take sth to sb.

cook sth for sb. buy sth for to sb .

13.------but I couldn`t read them until today.但是直到今天我才读了它们。

not ----until直到------才-------until 在肯定句动词一般用延续性动词，在否定句中动词一般为短暂性动词。如：He will wait for his father until ten o`clock.他将等他父亲一直到10点钟。

He won`t leave until his father comes.他直到他父亲回来才离开。

Topic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking

一、重点短语

1.stay up late熬夜2be bad for对------有害

3be good for对------有益4too much太多，过分

5do morning exercises做早操6keep long fingernails长长指甲

7play sports right进行适当的体育锻炼8go to school without breakfast不吃早餐去上学

9have a bath洗澡10take a fresh breath呼吸新鲜空气

11read ----about---读关于------- 12Ren`ai English Post仁爱英语报

13ask sb to do叫某人做某事14give up放弃

15read in the sun在太阳底下看书16throw litter about乱扔垃圾

17on the lawn在草坪上18put------into------把-------放进-----

19exercise on an empty stomach空腹锻炼20get into进入

21keep the air clean and fresh保持空气清新22wash hands before meals饭前洗手

23potato chips炸薯条

二、重点句型

1.Staying up late is bad for your health.熬夜有害健康。

1）stay up late熬夜

2）be bad for对--------有害。类似的短语还有：be good for---对------有好处

3）staying up late is---动名词作主语。当我们需要一个动词充当主语时，常用此动词的动名词（即doing）形式。如：

Playing basketball is good for your heath.打篮球对你的身体有好处。

Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.躺在床上看书对眼睛有害。

Swimming is my hobby.游泳是我的爱好。

2.It will keep you active during the day.它会使你在白天保持活力。

keep sth/sb .+adj.保持某物/某人在某种状态。如：

keep your fingersails clean.保持你的指甲干净。

keep our streets clean.让街道保持干净。

3.Different foods help us in different ways不同的食物对我们有不同的作用. in different ways.译为“用不同

的方式”。

4.If we eat too littele or too much food-----如果我们吃太少或太多食物------

little 少得几乎没有，表否定，修饰不可数名词。

a little有一些，表示肯定，修饰不可数名词。

与little ，a little类似的用法的还有few， a few 。

few少得几乎没有，表否定，修饰可数名词。

a few有一些，表示肯定，修饰可数名词。

5.Walking is good exercise and it is necessary for good health. 散步是很好的锻炼，它是身体健康必不可少

的。

be necessary for----对--------来说是必不可少的如：

Sunshine is necessary for our life.阳光对于我们的生活来说是必不可少的。

Food is necessary for life.食物是生命所必需的。

三、语法学习

1）情态动词must及其否定形式must not

must 译为“必须做------”其否定意义“不必做-------”，用don`t have to 表示，而不用must not 。如：——must Ifinish it tonight?

——No, you don`t have to.

而must not 译作“禁止做--------”。如：

You must not throw litter about.

Don`t throw litter about.别到处乱扔垃圾。

2）情态动词may

may有两种含义，表示请求允许，译作“可以”。如：

May I come in ?我可以进来吗？

表示推测，译作“可能”。如：

You may get a headache when you work too hard.当你工作太累时你可能回感到头疼。

You may get a headache when you can`t get enough sleep. 当你睡眠不足时，你可能会头疼。

enough sleep 充足的睡眠。

enough 修饰名词时放在前后均可；当它修饰形容词时，一般放在形容词后面。如：

strong enough足够强壮

Topic 3what should we do to fight SARS?

一、重点短语

1.hurry up快点，赶快

2.go ahead（尤指经某人允许）开始，干下去，走在前面，领先

3do more exercise多锻炼4do some cleaning做扫除

5all the time一直6have to不得不，必须

7keep away远离------- 8just a moment稍等一会儿

9get through拨通（电话）；通过10take care of照顾

11care for照顾（病人）；照料；喜欢12talk with和----交谈

13enjoy oneself过得愉快14Chinese medicine中药

15since then从那时起16get lost丢失了，迷路

17on one`s way to----在某人去----------的路上18by mistake错误地

19ask for leave请假20healthy food健康食物

21crowded places拥挤的地方22do one`s best尽力

23change clothes often常换衣服24wash hands often常洗手

25ring------up打电话给-------- 26leave a message 留口信

27take a message带口信28call----back给------回电话

29take an active part in积极参加30the name of----- -------的名称

31what do you think of-- ？你认为---------怎么样？

32have a good time=enjoy oneself过得愉快

33next time下次34let -------out让-------出去

35teach oneself on the Internet网上自学36be afraid of害怕-----，恐惧-------

二、重点句型

1.Sure,go ahead.当然可以，请问吧！

ahead 意思是向前，这里的go ahead原意为向前走，在这里译作继续问问题，

相当于go on

2.Please tell my father to take care of himself 请告诉我爸爸照顾好自己。

take care of 照顾，照料。同义词：look after

tell sb to do sth ask sb to do sth

want sb to do sth get sb to do sth 表示让某人去做某时事

3.can I take a message?我能为您梢个口信吗？

take a message 梢口信leave a message 留口信

give a message to --------给某人一个口信

4.I`ll tell her when she comes back.她一回来我就告诉她。

本句是由when引导的时间状语从句。当主句的动词用一般将来时时，从句一般用现在时。如：

He`ll phoneme when he arrives in Beijing .当他到北京时，他将回给我打电话。

5.------,he took an active part in the battle against it.他积极投身于抗击“非典”的战斗中。

against 与---相对抗

take part in--------参加--------；加入到某种活动中take an active part in----积极参加，如：

You should take an active part in the sports meet in your school.你应该积极参加你们学校的运动会。

6.He cared for the patients.他日夜关心着病人。

care for sb--- 关心某人

7.It`s my duty to save the patients. 救治病人是我的职责。

it`s------to do----- 做某事是---------在此句式中，“to do --- ”是真正的主语，而“it ”是形式主语，类似的句式有：

It`s dangerous to climb the tree.怕树很危险。

8.Long time no see. 好久没见！

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1.Types of Business Organization: 1)Sole Proprietorship :an unincorporated business owned by one person 2)Partnership :owned by two or more individuals (called partners) a)Limited partnership——general partners,limited partners 3)Corporation :a legal entity separate from its owners 2、Separation of Ownership and Control (pros and cons)： Pros(赞成的理由): Specialization，Efficiency，Diversify，Going concern Cons(反对的理由)：Four major downsides：agency problem,free-riding problem,increased costs of information https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a74227860.html,rmation asymmetry 3.Overview of Financial Statements balance sheet; income statement;statement of cash flows;statement of retained earnings 4. Statement of Retained Earnings,it shows: the retained earnings balance at the start of the period;how much the firm earned (net income); how much dividends the firm paid;how much net income was reinvested back into the firm (retained earnings);any repurchases of the firm’s stock;any new issues of the firm’s stock; andthe retained earnings balance at the close of the period. 4. Statement of Cash Flow:Operating Cash Flows ，Investing Cash Flows ，Financing Cash Flows 5.Analyzing Financial Ratios Financial ratios are not standardized. Analyzing a single financial ratio for a given year may not be very useful. Some of a firm’s financial accounting practices or choices will affect its financial statements and, finally, its financial ratios. Financial ratios do not provide analysts with all of th e answers about a firm’s condition. 7. Uses and Limitations of Financial Ratio Analysis：while ratio analysis can provide useful information concerning a company’s operations and financial condition, it does have limitations that necessitate care and judgment 1.Risk-return tradeoff Investors will take on additional risk only if they anticipate high return. 2.Time value of money A dollar available today is worth more than a dollar available at a future date. This is because a dollar today can be invested to earn a return. 3.Types of value Going-concern value,Liquidation value ,Book value ,Market value ，ntrinsic value 4.Valuation Approaches discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation，relative valuation，contingent claim valuation，option-pricing models 7.Contractual Provisions of a Typical Bond Par Value,and Coupon Rate,Maturity,Call Provisions,Sinking Fund Provisions,Conversion Rights ,Put Provisions,Indenture,Trustee,Collateral,Bond Rating 1.Introduction to Risk and Return All financial assets are expected to produce cash flows, and the risk of an asset is judged by the risk of its cash flows. Here are two assumptions about risk and return: Assumption (1): The returns from investments are normally distributed.Assumption (2): Investors are risk-averse. The risk of an asset can be considered in two ways: (1) on a stand-alone basis (2) in a portfolio context. In a portfolio context, an asset’s risk can be divided into two components: a,diversifiable risk ;b. market risk.An asset with a high degree of relevant (market) risk must provide a relatively high expected rate of return to attract investors. 4.Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) Assumption 1:The returns from investments are normally distributed.Assumption 2: Investors are risk-averse.Assumption3:Investorsare rational.Assumption4:Investors are price takers.Assumption 5: The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) holds. 5. Three types of financial market efficiency: allocationally efficient, operationally efficient,informationally efficient 6. Three main factors associated with informational market efficiency The type of information to which the market price reacts,The speed at which the market price reacts to information,The degree to which market participants over-or under-react to information 8. Characteristics of an Informationally Efficient Market Price changes cannot be predicted. The price of the asset is equal to its fundamental (unobserved but true) value.Prices change due to the inflow of new information, and information flows randomly to the market.Therefore, price changes should be random and unpredictable. 10. Modern portfolio theory —Markowitz’s Mean-variance Framework ,Efficient portfolios are those that have: the lowest risk for an expected rate of return; or the highest expected rate of return for a given level of risk.The assets that meet these criteria make up the efficient frontier.

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初中英语语法专项习题9-时态 1 ( ) 1 -He came early this morning, didn't he? -Yes, he did. He often___ to school early. A. come B. comes C. came D. has come ( ) 2 Ann ____ her hair every week. A. is going to wash B. wash C. washes D. is washing ( ) 3 They usually_____TV in the evening. A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches ( ) 4 The sun ___ in the east and___ in the west. A. raises; set B. rise; sets C. rises; sets D. rises; set ( ) 5 Miss Gao___ English on the radio every morning. A. had studied B. studies C. study D. studied ( ) 6 Our teacher will return by the time school A. will begin B. began C. is beginning D. begins 2 ( ) 1 -I usually have milk and bread for breakfast. What about you, Jim? -So do I, but my sister ___. A. hasn't B. doesn't C. didn't D. won't ( ) 2 -That ten pound note belongs to me. A. Yes, it belongs B. No, it doesn't C. Yes, it is D. No, it isn't ( ) 3 She will go if it ___ tomorrow. A. isn't rain B. don't rain C. doesn't rain D. didn't rain 3 ( ) 1 -_____ they often ___ these old men? -Yes, they___. A. Do; help; are B.Are; helping; are C. Do; help; do D. Are; helped; are ( ) 2 -___ he ___ to work on foot? -Yes, he___. A. Do; go; do B. Does; go; does C. Is; going; does D. Does; go; is ( ) 3 _____ you ___ some speaking in English every day? A. Is; speaking B. Do; do C. Do; does D. Does; do 4 ( ) 1 How ____ it in English? A. you say B. do you say C. to speak D. about talk ( ) 2 ___ you ___ to school every day? A. When; go B. When do; go . C. When did; go D. Does; go ( ) 3 ___ the girl ___ to school? A. Where does; go B. How do; go C. How does; goes D. How does; go 5 ( ) 1 _____ you ___ how to get the bus stop?

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仁爱英语九年级上册单词表 Unit 1 第1单元 Topic 1 adj.恰当的，合适的；真正的顺便说 n.义务工作者；志愿者 n.钟(铃)声；铃，钟；钟状物n.爷爷；外公 n.女主席，女会长；女议长 n.(外)孙子 adj.残疾的，残废的 v.关上，封闭；禁闭；合拢 n.绳子，绳索 n.(13～19岁的)青少年，十几岁的少年n.祖母，外婆；老奶奶 v.描写，叙述详细地 n.教育；培养 .童年，幼年时代 v.&n．供养，抚养；支持，赞助 n.（尤指户外的）体力劳动者，劳工，工人 v.(使)发展；(使)发达；开发adv.快地，迅速地 adv.幸运的 n.发展；发达；开发 adj.狭窄的 n.交流；交往；通讯 adj.快的；敏捷的；急剧的； adv.快地；敏捷地；急剧地 n.空闲，闲暇，业余时间跟……保持联系 n.亲属，亲戚遥远的 adv.主要地，总体上，大致 n.电报；电文改革开放 n.种类，类别； v.把……分类；拣选 n.传真；传真机 adj.快的，迅速的 n.进步；进展； v.进展；逐步发展取得进展；取得进步 adv.已经 v.成功 n.组织，机构 n.战争 n.拔河 n.便条；笔记；注释；钞票，纸币；v.记下，记录；注意，留意 n.作文；作曲 v.考虑拟定，起草 n.工具，器具幸亏，由于 Unit 1 第1单元 Topic 2 adv.尚，还，仍热 adv.很可能，大概打电话，号召adj.欧洲的 n.人口，人数近来的，最近的因为，由于 n.政策，方针 adv.也不十亿 v.(使)增加，(使)增大 n.增加，增强，增大 n.困难，费力短缺到目前为止 n.措施，方法采取措施做某事 adj.新生的，初生的 n.百分之…… .如果不……，除非…… n.一对；夫妇一些，几个 n.市场；集市 n.运输，运送 adj.极好的，优秀的赶上，跟上 n.关系；亲属属于 Unit 1 第1单元 Topic 3 事实上，其实 n.洪水；v.(被)淹没；(使)泛滥 v.发现 adj.直接的；直达的； v.指挥；指导；监督；管理 adj.可能的 adj.公平的，合理的；（肤色）白皙的 n.发明，创造 .使兴奋，使激动在困难时，在贫困之中 adj.医学的；医疗的 n.疗法；治疗 v.提供 n.谈话，交谈 n.秘书；书记 n.工程师；技师 n.渔民；钓鱼健身者 adj.死的，无生命的 n.军队 n.创伤，伤口； v.伤，伤害 n.孙女，外孙女 n.(外)孙或孙女，孙辈 n.& v. 痛，疼痛 n.火；火炉 n.楼梯 adv.在楼下，到楼下； n.楼下 n.木板；布告牌；委员会； v.上（船，火车，飞机） n.技能，技巧 n.毒品；药，药物 v.偷，窃取 v.不服从目的，意图 v.提到，说起； n.提及 adj.社会的 v.力求达到，力争做到；目的是，旨在；n.目标 adv.到(在)国外国内外付款 Unit2第2单元 Topic1 n.蜜蜂天哪；啊呀 adj.化学的； n.化学品 adj.废弃的，丢弃的，无用的； n.废弃物，废料； v.浪费 n.小溪 n.土壤，土地 v.呼吸 adj.有害的 (尤指对健康或环境)有害的，导致损害的 v.&n.影响 adj.弱的；差的；淡的 n.生产；出产；制造 n.气体；煤气 n.胸部；箱子，盒子 adv.不管怎样 adj。下述的，下列的；（时间上）接着的 n.煤 n.电；电流 n.搭档，合作者 adj.聋的 v.印刷听力丧失 v.打扰；扰乱 n.&v.危害；伤害；损害 prep.包括……在内 n.标题，题目 n.垃圾；废物 n.(把木材锯成木板的)锯木厂 adj.附近的 n.效果；作用 v.造成；创造 n.产业，工业 v.破坏，毁坏 n.血，血液 n.压力；压迫；压强 Unit2 第2单元 Topic 2 (作为)结果；由于 adj.无理的，粗鲁的 n.行为，举止一开始；初期一天天；逐日消失，灭亡 n.重要性 n.沙，沙子 n.沙尘暴砍倒转换成，把……变成 n.沙漠 v.舍弃，遗弃 v.防止，预防 .妨碍，防止，预防人 conj.虽然，尽管 n.法律，法令；定律关掉(水、电、电视、收音机等) n.(自来水，煤气等的)龙头在地球上；究竟，到底臭氧层二氧化碳 n.时期，时代无数的，大量的，数以百万计的拿走 v.污染 n.氧气 n.放射，放射物 n.毛毯，毯子 n.&v.逃跑；逃脱 v.上升，上涨温室效应 n.水平线，水平 n.火星提到，涉及，有关占去，占据(时间、空间等) n.垃圾 v.回收；再循环 Unit2 第2单元 Topic 3 v.减小；缩小；降低 adj.塑料的 n.(美)罐子；罐头 v.猜想，假定，料想应当，应该 v.点头 n.同意，一致；协定，协议 v.(使)动摇，震动 to 应该 n.距离 n.布 n.行动，动作 n.电池 n.电力；动力；力酸雨 adj.原子核的，原子能的；核动力的biogas n.沼气 n.技术 n.（收割后干燥的）禾杆，麦秆，稻草 adj.电动的，用电的 adj.效率高的；有能力的磁悬浮列车 prep.每，每一 n.轮，车轮，轮子 n.向导，导游；指南，手册 n.钢，钢铁 n.运动；活动 n.旅行，路程 towel n.毛巾 v.& n.提供 Review of Units 1-2 第1、2单元复习

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