八年级英语上册语法专项

语法专项II

动词

一. 动词是表示动作或处于某种状态的词，它分为行为动词，系动词、助动词和情态动词，动词种类多，变化又复杂，是学习英语的难点之一，下面根据动词的特点进行归类，并提供一些辨别方法，以便于理解和掌握。

1. 行为动词在动词中数量最多，它含有实在的意义（又叫实义动词），表示动作或状态，在句中可以单独作谓语，行为动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词后面必须加宾语，意义才完整，不及物动词后面不能直接带宾语，常需要在宾语前加介词才能带宾语。

eg:

We study English very hard.

She has a book in her hand.

The sun rises in the east.

2. 连系动词本身有一定词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语，常见的连系动词有：be, look, sound, get, become等。

eg:

My parents are both farmers.

The milk tastes terrible.

The song sounds good.

3. 助动词本身无词义，不能独立作谓语，必须和主要动词构成谓语，表示疑问，否定，时态或其它语法形式。常见的助动词有：be, have, do, will, shall等。

eg:

Do you have a brother?

Have you got an English-Chinese dictionary?

I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday.

4. 情态动词本身有词义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话者的语气和情态，情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词本身可以构成疑问和否定，常见的情态动词有：can, may, must, will, shall, need等。

eg: Can you sing the English song?

Everyone must get to school on time.

二. 动词的时态：

（一）时态概述：作谓语的动词用来表示动作（情况）发生时间的各种形式称为时态，英语中的时态，就是通过特殊的动词词尾或加一些相关的助动词be, have（has）等，用来表示动作或事件发生的不同时间和方面。

eg: He reads newspapers every day.

He read the newspaper yesterday.

He is going to read the newspaper tomorrow.

（二）一般现在时：

1. 动词变化：一般现在时主要用动词原形表示，但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s，另外be 和have有特殊的人称形式。

2. 一般现在时主要表示：

（1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与这样的时间状语连用：always, often, usually, sometimes等

eg: We always help each other.

It often snows in winter.

I get up early every morning.

（2）表示主语现在的特征、性格、能力等。

eg: He loves sports.

Jane is an outgoing girl.

Tom and Tim both have medium height.

（3）表示客观、普遍真理

eg:

Two and four makes six.

Water boils at 100℃

The moon moves round the earth.

3. 一般现在时的疑问句一般以在句首加助动词do，does的方式构成。第三人称单数加does，其他加do，这时动词一概用原形；动词be只需与主语位置对调就行了。

eg: Do you like English?

Do they have story books?

What does she do every evening?

Is she at home?

Are you good at English?

4. 一般现在时的否定式是do not（don’t）或does not （doesn’t）＋动词原形来构成的，be动词做谓语动词只需在be后加not构成否定。

eg:

I don’t like oranges at all.

She doesn’t work in the TV station.

They aren’t students.

I’m not busy every weekend.

三. 现在进行时：

1. 动词变化：现在进行时由“am /is /are＋动词现在分词”构成。加-ing的规则如下：

（1）一般在动词原形末尾加-ing。如：

stay－staying do－doing

listen－listening suffer－suffering

work－working spend－spending

look－looking

（2）以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing。如：

make－making take－taking

give－giving ride－riding

please－pleasing refuse－refusing

close－closing operate－operating

（3）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing。如：put－putting sit－sitting

run－running win－winning

begin－beginning

2. 现在进行时的用法

（1）表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，这时可以不用时间状语，也可以和now, at present, at the moment等时间状语连用。有时用一个动词，如look（看），listen（听）。

eg: What are you reading now?

Listen! Someone is singing in the classroom.

（2）表示当前一段时期的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

eg: They are working in a factory these days.

More and more people are giving up smoking.

（3）表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。

现在进行时有时可表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，即可以用来代替将来时。

eg: When are you leaving?

Are you going to Tibet tomorrow?

3. 现在进行时的否定句和疑问句比较简单。否定句在be（am, is, are）后面加not；疑问句把be动词移到主语前。

eg:

I am not working.

What are you reading now?

How are you feeling today?

The train isn’t arriving soon.

四. 一般过去时：

1. 动词变化：一般过去时主要表示过去的动作或状态，在句中由主语＋动词的过去式来

2. 一般过去时的基本用法：

（1）带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时。（eg: yesterday, last year, just now, two days ago, in the old days等）

eg: He left just now.

Lei Feng was a good soldier.

What did you have for breakfast this morning?

（2）表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作，这时常和表示频度的状语连用。

eg: Last term we often did experiments.

He always went to work by bus.

五. be going to 表示一般将来

1. 用法：表示现在打算在最近或将来要做的事，或表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为很有可能要发生的事情，be随着人称的变化变成（am, is, are）

eg: We are going to have a new subject this year.

It’s going t o rain this afternoon.

I’m going to be a pilot when I grow up.

2. be going to 的否定句在be动词后加上not；be going to 的疑问句把be动词移到主语前。

eg:

He isn’t going to see his brother tomorrow.

I’m not going to tell you about it.

Who’s going to use it?

Is your sister going to bring your lunch?

What are you going to do next Sunday.

【模拟试题】（答题时间：70分钟）

一. 改错：

例1：The rose dark red. →The rose is dark red.

1. He very likes swimming.

2. He can helps you.

3. We haven’t a good time.

4. What are you do after school every day?

5. Sometimes I listen music. sometimes I play outside.

6. The fish smells not good.

7. We should buy some chicken. There are little left.

8. There have many birds in the sky.

9. My mother’s glasses is broken.

10. A pair of shoes are nearly one thousand.

11. What colour are her hair?

12. Does he his homework?

13. A: Do you like your class?

B: Yes. I like.

14. He always do his shopping on Friday evening.

15. I very sorry I forgot your birthday.

16. I have no brother and sister.

二. 连词组句：

1. listen, morning, the, to, I, radio, the, in, often

2. of, men, nurses, good, sick, hospital, care, in, take, the

3. weekdays, he, the, goes, cinema, never, during, the, to

4. computer, got, new, you, a, have?

5. weekends, he, rest, does, a, got, have, on?

6. good, Li Ming, do, and, often, I deeds

7. museum, they, the, often, science, visit, how, do?

8. the, in, any, there, kitchen, food, is?

9. homework, does, day, when, Tom, his, every, where, and, do?

10. a, there, vegetables, many, but, apples, aren’t, lot, there, of, are, there

三. 用括号里的动词的适当形式填空：

1. There （be）______some glasses on it.

2. He （go）______to the park every day.

3. My uncle （live）______ in Nanjing now.

4. ______ Lucy and Lily （like）______China?

5. Li Lei（not like）______ to drink orange soda.

6. The girl （go）______ home at 4:30 in the afternoon.

7. ______ Kate （speak）______ French? Yes, she does.

8. Jim （not ride）______his bike often.

9. If he （be）______ free tomorrow, he （go）______ with us.

10. As soon as they （get）______ there next month, he （call）______me.

11. ______Li Ming’s father （have）______ his lunch at home?

12. Tom （not do）______the morning exercises often.

13. I （be）______ hungry and my sister （be）______ thirsty.

14. The baby （have）______ curly hair.

15. Everybody （have）______ a chance to win.

16. I （clean）______ my room once a week.

17. Nobody（tell）______ them anything.

18. There （be）______ a lot of chicken on the plate.

19. Mr. Li （teach）______ the second grade.

20. The boy （watch）______ TV every evening.

21. Mary （play）______the violin quite well.

22. David （study）______Chinese and I （study）______ English.

23. The game （be）______ interesting.

24. Many children （be）______ on the playground.

25. He （have）_______ a good time at your party.

26. I （have）______ a new bicycle.

四. 用所给词的适当形式填空：

1. Tom and his father ______（swim）now.

2. Look! They ______（run）along the street.

3. We ______（practice）hard these days because we will have a big match next month.

4. What ______he ______（do）at nine o’clock last night?

5. They ______（listen）to the music at that time.

6. When the headmaster came in, the students______（read）the text.

7. We ______（watch）TV when suddenly the telephone rang.

8. She ______（make）the paper flowers the whole night.

9. A: _______ you ______（studying）English?

B: Yes, I am.

10. Let’s go out. It ______（not rain）now.

11. Hurry up! Everybody ______（wait）for you.

12. A: ______（you / listen）to the radio?

B: No, You can turn it off.

13. I ______（watch）TV at seven o’clock yesterday evening.

14. A: What ______（you / look）for?

B: I ______（look）for my wallet. There is something important in it.

15. Look. It ______（rain）hard. We’ll get wet if we go out.

五. 选词填空：

（一）选词填空：

1. I ______（am, is, was, were）busy last week.

2. Tom and I ______（am, are, was, were）late for school yesterday.

3. I ______（walk, walks, walked, walking）to school the other day.

4. Rose ______（does not, didn’t, has been, has to）visit her uncle the month before last （month）

5. There ______（is, was, are, were）a lot of people in this village ten years ago.

6. Mother ______（am, is, was, were）ill in bed last night.

7. It ______（rain, rains, rained, raining）a lot last year.

（二）用括号中动词的适当形式填空：

1. My uncle in London ______（send）a birthday present to me yesterday.

2. When ______（be）you born?

3. As soon as he arrived in the country, he ______（phone）me.

4. When I ______（knock）at his door, he was cooking.

5. We were watching TV when the light ______（go）out.

6. He said he ______（not like）maths at all.

（三）用括当的词完成下列句子。

1. ______you make this cake last night? Yes. I did. I _______it for you.

2. Did Tom _______ home at five yesterday?

No, he _______. He came home at six.

3. What _______ you _______ at the store? I bought a camera.

4. Were you at home yesterday? Yes, I _______.

5. Where did you catch the fish? I _______ it in the river near my house.

六. 完成下列句子：

1. 你长大了想当什么？我打算当个电脑程序员。

What _____ you ______ ______ _______ when you ______ _______?

I’m ______ to _______ a _______ _______.

2. 你哥哥长大了打算当什么？他打算当个专业的篮球运动员。

What _____ your brother _____ _________ ______ when he ______ _______?

He’s _____ to ______ a _______ _________ player.

3. 你打算怎么做？我打算学计算机学。

_____ are you ______ ________ ________ that?

I’m _____ _______ _______ computer _______.

4. 你哥哥打算怎么做？他打算每天练篮球。

_____ is your brother _____ _____ _____?

He’s _____ ______ _________ basketball every day.

5. 她打算下学期上一些表演课吗？是的。

______ she ______ _______ _________ some ______ lessons?

Yes, she ________.

【试题答案】

1. He likes swimming.

2. He can help you.

3. We don’t have a good time.

4. What do you do after school every day?

5. Sometimes I listen to music, sometimes I play outside.

6. The fish doesn’t smell good.

7. We should buy some chicken. There is little left.

8. There are many birds in the sky.

9. My mother’s glasses are broken.

10. A pair of shoes is nearly one thousand.

11. If he doesn’t feel well he will go to visit the History Museum.

12. What colour is her hair?

13. Does he do his homework?

14. A: Do you like your class?

B: Yes. I do.

15. He always does his shopping on Friday evening.

16. I am sorry I forgot your birthday.

二.

1. I often listen to the radio in the morning.

2. Nurses take good care of sick men in the hospital.

3. He never goes to the cinema during the weekdays.

4. Have you got a new computer?

5. Does he have a rest on weekends?

6. Li Ming and I often do good deeds.

7. How often do you visit the science museum?

8. Is there any food in the kitchen?

9. When and where does Tom do his homework every day?

10. There are a lot of vegetables but there aren’t many apples there.

Or: There are a lo t of apples but there aren’t many vegetables there.

三. 1. are 2. goes 3. lives 4. Do, like 5. doesn’t like

6. goes

7. Does, speak

8. doesn’t ride

9. is, will go 10. get, will call 11. Does, have

12. doesn’t do13. am, is 14. has

15. has 16. clean 17. tells 18. is

19. teaches 20. watches 21. plays 22. studies, study

23. is 24. are 25. has 26. have

四. 1. are swimming 2. are running 3. are practicing

4. was, doing

5. were listening

6. were reading

7. were watching 8. was making 9. Are, studying

10. isn’t raining11. is waiting 12. Are you listening

13. was watching 14. are you looking, am looking

15. is raining

五.

（一）1. was 2. were 3. walked 4. did not

5. were

6. was

7. rained

（二）1. sent 2. were 3. phoned 4. knocked 5. went

6. didn’t like

（三）1. Did, made 2. come, didn’t 3. did, buy 4. was

5. caught

六.

1. are, going, to, be, grow, up, going, be, computer, programmer

2. is, going, to, be, grows, up, going, be, professional, basketball.

3. How, going, to, do, going, to, study, science

4. How, going, to, do, that, going, to, play

5. Is, going, to, take, acting, is

英语语法专项-八年级上

不定代词 单项选择 1. —What a great thing to have a robot at home! —Robots are really useful. One day they will help people do almost ________. A. something B. everything C. nothing 2. Sorry, I know ________about the news. You can ask Peter. A. nothing B. anything … C. something D. everything 3. Dear classmates, may I have your attention, please I have ________ to tell you. A. important something B. important anything C. something important D. anything important 4. —Is Laura in the teachers' office —No, I didn't see________ there. A. anybody B. somebody C. nobody D. everybody ~ 5. In the school, I asked one boy and two girls about the name of their headmaster, but ________of them could help me. A. neither B. none C. both D. all 6. Though Kung Fu Panda 3 is popular with teenagers, it won't be liked by ________. A. nobody B. somebody C. everybody D. anybody 7. Mum always tells me, “A smile costs ________, but gives much. ” A. anything B. something & C. everything D. nothing 8. I didn't read________interesting in today's newspaper.

八年级上册英语语法归纳

八年级上册英语语法归纳 【篇一】 1. what 与which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如： What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于： What does your father do? What is your father’s job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如： ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特? ---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。 2. What...?是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制;而Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。如： What color do you like best? (所有颜色) 你最喜爱什么颜色? Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定的范围) 你最喜爱哪一种颜色? 3. what 与which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如：Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国? 4) 频度副词的位置 1.常见的频度副词有以下这些： always(总是，一直) usually(通常)

often(常常，经常) sometimes(有时候) never(从不) 2.频度副词的位置： a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如： David is often arrives late for school. 大卫上学经常迟到。 b.放在行为动词前。如： We usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天经常在7：10去上学。 c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。如：Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike. 有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。 3.never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。如：Never have I been there. 5) every day 与everyday 1. every day 作状语，译为“每一天”。如： We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7：10去上学。 I decide to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。 2. everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。 She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

八年级上册英语主要语法

英语EEC·English八年级上册主要语法 时间状语从句 概念 在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句。(在复合句中，要注意主句和从句的时态大多都要保持一致。） 由as soon as,when,while,as,after,before,until,since,not until(直到……才)引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句。 主要时态：主过从过；主将从现；主句为一般现在时，从句不受影响。 “”主句将来时 主句祈使句从句一般现在时 主句中含有情态动词 Eg：I'll tell him the news as soon as he comes. when，while和as的区别 ①when：“当……时”他引导的从句表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生或主句动作发生在从句之前（后面即可加瞬间动词也可加延续性动词）。 Eg：I was doing my homework when the telephone rang. ②while：“当……时，在……期间。表对比关系”后只能加延续性动词。 Eg：He fell asleep while he was watching TV. △强调对比：I was doing my homework while my mother was cooking. ③as：“当……时”强调伴随。动作同时发生。 Eg：She went out as I entered the room. “一边...一边...” They talked as they walked. ④before，after Eg:I went to school after I finished my homework. ①②③ 我完成作业后去上学。 =I finished my homework before I went to school. ①②③ 我去学校之前完成了作业。 ⑤until=till，not...until=not before 当主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，主句要用否定结构。当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句通常不用否定结构。 Eg：She didn't go to bed until her mother come back.

八年级上英语语法点(完整版)

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八年级上册英语语法知识点总结 . Unit1：1.学习谈论过去发生的事情，复习一般过去时态。一般过去时表示过去某个时间或某个时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。 . 例如：Where did you go on vacation ?I went to New York. . 2学习掌握不定代词的用法:anyone something anything everything nothing no one 等等 . . . unit2: 1.讨论经常你经常做的事情，用how often 进行提问 .

例如：How often do you exercise? I exercise every day . . 2.学习掌握频度副词：always almost always usually often sometimes hardly ever seldom never . . . unit3: 1.学习形容词和副词的比较级规则，分为规则变化和不规则变化形容词和副词的比较级用法：表示两者(人和事物)的比较。 . . 规则变化：1.一般在此为加er . 2.以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加r .

3.重度闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该辅音字母，再加er . 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词，先把y改I 再加er . 5.多音节和部分双音节词在词前加more . 不规则变化另外记忆。 . . . Unit4: 1.学习形容词和副词的最高级规则，分为规则变化和不规则变化。 . 形容词和副词的最级用法：表示三者或三者以上(人和事物)的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，后面用of /in 短语来说明比较的范围。 .