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指示代词用法小结

指示代词用法小结
指示代词用法小结

指示代词用法小结

指示代词(demonstrative pronoun)是表示指示概念的代词,即用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。指示代词与定冠词和人称代词一样,都具有指定的含义,用来起指示作用,或用来代替前面已提到过的名词。

指示代词的分类

指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如:

单数复数

限定词:This girl is Mary.Those men are my teachers.

代词:This is Mary.Those are my teachers.

指示代词的句法功能

指示代词在句子中可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。

1、作主语

This is the way to do it.这事儿就该这样做。

2、作宾语

I like this better than that.我喜欢这个甚至那个。

3、作介词宾语

I don't say no to that. 我并未拒绝那个。

There is no fear of that.那并不可怕。

4、作表语

My point is this.我的观点就是如此。

5、作定语

This room is mine. 这间房间是我的。

指示代词的用法

1、this和these指在时间或空间上较近的人或者事物,that和those指在时间或空间上较远的人或者事物。例如:

This is a pen and that’s an eraser. 这是一支笔,那是块橡皮擦。

This is a boy and those are girls. 这是个男孩,那些是女孩。

2、指示代词所指的对象取决于说话者和听话者共同熟悉的语境。如:

I liked this movie today better than that concert last night.

我喜欢今天的这个电影,胜过昨晚的那个音乐会。

3、指示代词具有名词和形容词性质,既可指人也可指物。但是在相当于名词时一般指

物多于指人。如:

I found this wallet. I found this.

我找到了这只皮夹子。我找到了这个。(this 等于this wallet)

Is she going to marry that man?

她打算跟那人结婚吗?(that man不得用that代替,否则有轻蔑之意)

4、相当于名词的指示代词在句中作主语时,则指物指人均可。如:

What are these? 那些是什么?(指物)

This is Bill. Is that George? 我是比尔。你是乔治吗?(电话用语)(指人)

5、打电话过程中,介绍自己时通常用this指代“我”,不用代词I;询问对方时用that

指代“你”,不用代词you。例如:

----Hello. This is Mary. Who’s that? 喂,我是玛丽。你是谁?

----This is Tom. 我是汤姆。

6、当指示代词所指的事物已确定时,后面的指示代词则用it或they代替。如:

This (suit) is expensive, isn't it? 这套衣服昂贵,不是吗?

"Are those yours?" "Yes, they are." “那些是你的吗?”“是的,它们是我的。”

注意事项

1、指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人,例如:(对)That is my teacher.那是我的老师。(that作主语,指人)

(对)He is going to marry this girl.他要和这个姑娘结婚。(this作限定词)

(错)He is going to marry this.(this作宾语时不能指人)

(对)I bought this.我买这个。(this指物,可作宾语)

2、That和those可作定语从句的先行词,但this和these不能,同时,在作先行词时,只有

those可指人,试比较:

(对) He admired that which looked beautiful.他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。

(对) He admired those who looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人)(错) He admired that who danced well.(that作宾语时不能指人)

(对) He admired those who danced well.他赞赏跳舞好的人。(those指人)

(对) He admired those which looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的东西。(those指物)3、在回答指示代词作主语的特殊问句时,如果指示代词指人,其回答中的主语仍可以用相

应的指示代词,也可以用it或者they;但指事物时,只能用it或者they。例如:

Who’s that? That’s/It’s Liu Dehua.那是谁?那是刘德华。

What are those? They are basketballs. 那些是什么?那些是篮球。

4、在回答指示代词作主语的一般疑问句时,不管指示代词指人还是指物,答语中都用it或

they。例如:

Is this a ruler? Yes, it is.

Are those your friends? No, they aren’t.

5、为避免重复,有时可用that 或those 来代替前面已提到过的人或事物;用this 或these

来代替下文中将要提过的人或事物。例如:

Sh e’s very friendly, and that is why we all love her. 她很友善,这就是我们都喜欢她的原因。

You needn’t do this —It’s pretty easy. 你不必做这事,那相当容易。

6、向别人介绍某个人时,要说“ This is ….”,而不说“ That is ….”,也不能说“ He is ….”或“ She is ….”。介绍两个人时,先用“ This is ….”介绍一个人,然后用“ That is ….”介绍另一个人。如:

This is Li Ming. Li Ming,this is Wei Hua. 这是李明。李明,这是魏华。

This is my brother and that is my sister. 这是我哥哥,那是我妹妹。

7、one,that 和it的区别:

one表示泛指,that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it 与所指名词为同一个。

I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one.(不定)

我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。

The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.(同类但不同个)

你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。

I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it.( 同一物)

我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。

不定代词用法总结

不定代词总结 一、不定代词 some 与 any 的用法区别 一般说来,不定代词some 用于肯定句中,any 用于否定句和疑问句中。但是,在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,通常要用 some 而不用any: Would you like some cake 吃点蛋糕吗 Why not buy some bread 为什么不买些面包呢 Shall I get some chalk for you 要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗 【说明】不定代词any 有时也用于肯定句中,此时表示“任何”: Any colour will do. 任何颜色都行。Come any day you like. 随便哪天来都可以。 二、不定代词 many 与 much 的用法以及区别 不定代词many 和 much 都表示“许多”,但 many 修饰或代替可数名词(复数),与 few(少数)相对;而 much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数),与little(少量)相对。在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中: Did you see many people there 你在那儿看见许多人了吗 We don’t have much time. 我们没有许多时间。 Much work has been done. 许多工作都已经做了。 You’ve given me too much. 你已给我太多了。 Take as many (much) as you want. 你要多少拿多少。 I asked her a great many questions. 我问了她许多问题。 辨析:too much;much too; too many 1、too much常用作副词或代词,也可以用作形容词修饰不可数名词.如: Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害 You've given me too much.你给我的太多了. We've had too much rain lately.最近我们这里的雨下得太多了. 2、much too常作副词,后接副词或形容词.如: He drove much too fast.他开车开得太快了. It is much too cold.天实在太冷了. 3、too many常用作形容词,修饰可数名词复数.如:

【英语】英语代词用法详解

【英语】英语代词用法详解 一、单项选择代词 1.Behind this shop lies a nonprofit organization, ____helping survivors of drug and alcohol addiction, violence and other horrible experiences. A.one B.the one C.that D.which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查代词。句意:这家店的背后是一个非营利性组织,一个帮助吸毒、酗酒、暴力和其他可怕经历的幸存者的组织。后文中没有谓语动词,故不属于定语从句,不能选择C或者D 选项。且设空处做organization的同位语,表泛指,故不加冠词the,排除B选项。故综上选A。 2.The Olympic Games makes _____ possible for people to live side by side in peace. A.this B.it C.that D.不填 【答案】B 【解析】 本题的含义是奥运会使人们能够和平的生活在一起成为可能,本题make后的真正宾语位于句尾用动词不定式,那么在英文中通常用形式宾语it来代替真正的主语,故本题选B。 3.Mom promised to buy me a nice gift for my next birthday, ______ beyond my imagination. A.which B.that C.something D.the one 【答案】C 【解析】 考查同位语。something beyond my imagination 是 a nice gift 的同位语,补充说明礼物是某种超乎想象的东西。后面句子中没有动词构成不了句子,所以which不能选。the one 指代与gift 是同一个东西的礼物,意思成了“出乎想象的已知的礼物”,与上文的 promised to buy 不符。句意:妈妈承诺我下个生日给我买一个超乎我的想象的好看的礼物。故选C。 4.-When shall we go to see the movie The Hunger Games together? -Make it ________ day you like; it's all the same to me. A.one B.any C.another D.some 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析:考查形容词辨析。本句中的any意为“任意一个”,another另外一个;some一些;one一个;句意:—我们什么时候一起去看《饥饿游戏》这部电影啊?—你喜欢的随便那一天都行,我都没关系的。根据句意可知使用any day,表示任意一天都可以。故B正确。 【名师点睛】

指示代词的用法讲解

1)指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如: 单数复数 限定词:This girl is Mary. Those men are myteachers. 代词:This is Mary. Those are my teachers. 2)指示代词的句法功能; a. 作主语 This is the way to do it. 这事儿就该这样做。 b. 作宾语 I like this better than that. 我喜欢这个甚至那个。 c. 作主语补语 My point is this. 我的观点就是如此。 d. 作介词宾语 I don’t say no to that. 我并未拒绝那个。 There is no fear of that. 那并不可怕。 说明1: 指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人,例如: (对)That is my teacher. 那是我的老师。(that作主语,指人)

(对)He is going to marry this girl. 他要和这个姑娘结婚。(this 作限定词) (错)He is going to marry this. (this作宾语时不能指人) (对)I bought this. 我买这个。(this指物,可作宾语) 说明2: That和those可作定语从句的先行词,但this和 these不能,同时,在作先行词时,只有those可指人,试比较: (对) He admired that which looked beautiful. 他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。 (对) He admired those who looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人) (错) He admired that who danced well. (that作宾语时不能指人) (对) He admired those who danced well. 他赞赏跳舞好的人。(those 指人) (对) He admired those which looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的东西。(those指物)

不定代词用法归纳

不定代词用法归纳(详细讲解) ■本站特约作者陈根花 一、不定代词概说 英语的不定代词有 all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every 等,以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中,多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语,但是代词 none 以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语,不能作定语,而 no 和 every 则只用作定语。 二、指两者和三者的不定代词 有些不定代词用于指两者(如both, either, neither),有的不定代词用于指三者(如all, any, none, every),注意不要弄混: Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。 There are trees on any side of the square. 广场的每一边都种有树。 He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子,都不富有。 He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子,都不富有。 【说明】each 可用于两者、三者或三者以上,而 every 只用于三者或三者以上,因此用于两者时只能用 each,不能用 every。如不能说 There are trees on every side of the road. 三、复合不定代词的用法特点 复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等。它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语。something, someone 等和 anything, anyone等的区别与 some 和 any 的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句(参见 any & some)。具体使用时应注意以下几点: 1.复合不定代词受定语修饰时,定语应放在它们后面: There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。 Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous? 你见过名人吗? 2.指人的复合不定代词若用作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数,相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数 he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词 they, them, their:Everyone knows this, doesn’t he [don’t they]?人人都知道这一点,不是吗? If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来,让他等着。 3.指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语,谓语动词只能用单数,相应的人称代词也只能用 it,而不用 they:

初中英语9类代词用法汇总及例句

初中英语9类代词用法汇总及例句 代词的分类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等。 I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物) Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗?) Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了?) It’s he!(是他!) (2)宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。 Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语?) Help me!(救救我!) We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信) (3)人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。 –It’s I/me.(是我。) (4)三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he →I”的顺序表达。 Both he and I are working at that computer company. (我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿?) –You and me.(你和我) (5)人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。 --What’s the time?(几点啦?)

–It’s 12:00.(12点) It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路) It took him three days to clean his house. .(打扫屋子花了他三天的时间) It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space (很显然,公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空) Is that your umbrella? (那是你的伞吗?) I often go to see my aunt on Sundays. (我经常在星期天去看望阿姨) They are their books.(是他们的书) (2)名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。 This is your cup,but where is mine? (这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿?) Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small. (你们的教室很大,我们的相当小) (3)“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。 A friend of mine came to see me yesterday. (我的一个朋友昨天来看我了) (指若干朋友中有一个来看我。) My friend came to see me yesterday. (我的朋友昨天来看我了)(指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。) 3、反身代词:表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。

it的用法归纳

?Never be afraid of grammar ?Collect some examples; ?Watch them very carefully; ?Find out something in common; ?Try to use the rules ---- practise. it用法完全归纳 一、it 作人称代词的用法 1.指事物 作为人称代词,it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如: I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦,可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?”“It’s in the bedroom. ”“狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。 2.指人 it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如: Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门,一定是邮递员。 【说明】在答语中,常用来指本人,如说It’s me。

3.代替某些代词 代词it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等。如: “What’s this?”“It’s a new machine. ”“这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题,是吗? 二、it 作非人称代词的用法 1.基本用法 it 作非人称代词的用法,主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如: It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。 It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。 2.用于某些句型 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。 It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式,有时也用“should+动词原形”) It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)

英语代词用法总结(完整)

英语代词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择代词 1.It’s impossible for all the people to get jobs because ______of them is not fit for them. A.every one B.all C.not all D.none 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 考查部分否定和不定代词。 【详解】 句意:所有的人都找到工作是不可能的,因为并不是所有的人都适合这些工作。此处all of them are not fit for them.是部分否定,意为:并不是所有的人都适合这些工作。故选B。【点睛】 英语中的部分否定有如下一些表示方法:1、all 的否定式:not all…(或:all…not)表示“并非都……”、“不是所有的都……”;2、both 的否定式:not…both (或:both… not) “并非两个……都……”;3、every…的否定式:not every…“不是每……都……”。 2.----Which of these resorts do you like best? ----______. They are both hot and crowded. A.Either B.Nothing C.Neither D.None 【答案】D 【解析】 考查情景交际和不定代词。“这些旅游胜地你最喜欢哪个?”“一个也不喜欢。他们既炎热又拥挤。”答语中的both ...and修饰的是hot和crowded,不要误以为是两者。根据问句中的these可知,是三者以上,排除A、C;nothing“什么也没有”;none“一个也没有”。故选D。 3.--- Daddy, do you like ________ if I buy a p urse for my mom’s birthday? --- It couldn’t be better. A.this B.one C.that D.it 【答案】D 【解析】 在此句中,it是一个形式宾语。根据句意,可知选D。 句意:--爸爸,我买给妈妈一个钱包作为生日礼物你喜欢吗?--那最好不过了。 考点:代词/不定代词 4.—The exam was easy, wasn’t it? —Yes, but I don’t think ______ could pass it. A.somebody B.anybody

1.第一讲作业--名词,代词,it的用法总结

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