Unit 6 The Diary of the Unknown Soldier答案综合教程二
Unit 6 The Diary of the Unknown Soldier
Key to the Exercises
Text comprehension
I.
B.
II.
1. T;
2. F;
3. F;
4. T;
5. F.
III.
1. Because he felt that all of them had been somewhat fooled. They were totally unprepared for the cruelty of the war and the immensity of its killing power. “They all came here with an air of confidence and eagerness, ready to win,” but what awaited them was “a one-way ticket to death.”
2. He wrote his first entry when his regiment was in London to protect the city from Nazi’s air raids; his second one when his group of soldiers had journeyed to a small European town untouched by warfare; and the last one when their secret location was discovered by Nazi troops and he faced approaching death.
3. It was his wish to come home alive to see his family. This is mentioned in all the three entries: “I must go on living this nightmare, if not for myself or my country, then for my family back home. I want my children to have a father.” “… wondering yet again if I would ever see my family. I would give anything to see them, even if it was for five minutes!” “I wish, with all my soul, that I could be home now… I am thinking of my daughters’ faces…
I will always remember their faces…”
4. He would tell them that those soldiers died bravely in an effort to save their countries from turmoil and make the children feel that their fathers made a difference.
5. He felt disgusted at the cruelty of the war, questioned the judgment of human beings who started the war and felt enraged at killing innocent lives and destroying whole countries.
IV.
1. Although my stories about their fathers’ death might not relieve their sadness, they will enable the children to see the extraordinary significance of their fathers’ contribution.
2. I suddenly recalled a sayi ng I once heard that made me very painful, “We can’t afford to fight even one war.”
Structural analysis of the text
Diary writing follows the flow of the writer’s thoughts. It is usually “structured” by the author’s free associations.
1. What do the three entries of the diary have in common?
Two thematic topics in common, the horrible scenes of the war and the writer’s strong love for, and emotional attachment to his family.
2. How are the particular situations related to the common thematic topics?
Firstly, the writer describes his thought and fear under German air raids, which led him to speculate about the difficulties and problems of his family.
Secondly, the writer describes his reflections on the justification of wars. The sight of a teenage girl and the grim condition in a small European town made him recall his dear daughters and family.
Thirdly, it was dated on Christmas Eve and about the approaching death. The writer’s only wish was that someone could return the diary to his family.
Vocabulary
I. Phrase
1. no more than = only 只是，仅仅
2. strike a painful note in my head = make me feel painful 使某人感到痛苦
3. more blood has been shed = Further casualties have been caused
4. word has it that … = it is said that … 据说……
5. with an air of = appearing full of, radiating 带着……的样子，带着……的神情
II.
1. running;
2. tucked;
3. inspected;
4. taken precautions;
5. with an air of;
6. adventurous;
7. enraged;
8. panicked.
III. Word derivation.
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.
1. stiffened
2. errors
3. invasion
4. assumption
5. innocence
6. assignment
7. explosion
8. description
IV.
1. B;
2. D;
3. C;
4. D;
5. C;
6. B;
7. C;
8. A.
V. Synonym / Antonym.
Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.
1. Synonym: heaps, stacks
2. Antonym: love, kindness
3. Synonym: small, lesser
4. Antonym: surplus, abundance, plenty
5. Synonym: reasonable, rational
6. Synonym: terrible, desperate
7. Synonym: bold, brave
8. Synonym: regular, usual
VI. Prefix/ suffix.
Write in each space the meaning of each given word.
1. offset balance
2. outdo defeat
3. overtake catch up and pass
4. underline emphasize
5. uphold support
6. withstand bear
7. downplay lessen
8. forestall prevent
Grammar Exercises
I.
How big / Who / What / How often / Why / What.
II.
1. What did you do on Friday?
2. What time did you get up?
3. Did you have breakfast?
4. Who’s Mary?
5. Where did you first meet her?
6. What does she do?
7. Where does she live?
8. What’s she l ike?
9. Do you often see her?
10. Why did she come to you on Friday morning?
III.
1. she has gone
2. when she will be back
3. if she went out alone
IV.
1. a. It signals that rain is expected by the speaker.
b. It suggests that the speaker does not expect it to rain.
2. a. It is more emphatic.
b. It is more formal. The speaker is probably losing patience with the listener.
3. a. It is used to express doubt or uncertainty.
b. It is used to seek confirmation from the listener and the speaker expects agreement.
4. a. The speaker expects that the listener has carried out the action.
b. The speaker may be displeased or annoyed that the action was performed.
5. a is more polite than b.
6. a is quite friendly while b conveys a bit irritation.
7. a. With a rising tone, the tag question is used to verify or check information that we think is true or to check info4rmation that we aren’t sure is true.
b. When we are trying to be sarcastic, or to make a strong point, we use the tag
question with a falling tone.
8. a. The non-polarized tag question is used for special effect, such as sarcasm, disbelief, shock, anger, concern, etc.
b. The polarized tag question is used to verify or check information.
V.
… they had … their… their…. He had … were… were …were …diminished, … was … existed … might be …. They felt … were … offered ….
Translation exercises
I.
1. 我所到之处满目疮痍，楼房夷为瓦砾，活人成了死尸，生命的欢乐已然封存在一具具尸体之内，这一切时时刻刻都在刺痛着我的心。
2. 当然，我也和他们一样，但是自上一个进攻日以后，我的想法改变了。当时我们团的任务是保卫伦敦。
3. 倘若我能回国，我发誓一定要让这些战士英名长存，我要告诉他们的家人；他们为了保卫祖国，使之免遭劫难，英勇地献出了自己的生命。
4. 虽说人非圣贤，都有过错，但是滥杀无辜，毁人国土，实在是天理难容！
II.
1. Our group was assigned to decorate the garden while the others were preparing the food in the kitchen.
2. On the battlefield the young man was delighted to meet a long-lost brother who came out of the blue.
3. Who has used up the milk? There is none to put in my coffee.
4. Rumor has it that this painting is fake and that the original one was stolen three years ago.
5. One person may not be able to change much, but working together we’ll be able to make great difference to our country.
6. Many burglaries took place because the owner failed to take the precaution of locking their doors and windows.
7. The minister flew to the front to negotiate with the rioters in an effort to prevent a civil war.
8. I assumed you knew each other because I saw you talking with each other at the party.
Exercises for integrated skills
I. Dictation
My Berlin diary for December 2 / was limited to four words. / “Only three more days!” / The Foreign Office was still holding up / my passport and exit visa, / which worried me. / I had to get my passport and official permission / to leave on December 5. / There was one other thing to do. / For weeks I had thought over / how to get my diaries safely out of Berlin. / At some moments / I had thought / I ought to destroy them before leaving. / There was enough in them / to get me hanged. /
The morning I got my passport and exit visa / I realized I had less than twenty-four
hours / to figure out a way / of getting my Berlin diaries out. / I again thought of destroying them, / but I wanted very much to keep them, if I could. / Suddenly, later that morning, / the solution became clear. / It was risky, / but it was worth a try. /
II. Cloze
(1) one (2) in (3) with (4) for (5) as
(6) from (7) that (8) into (9) By (10) in
Writing Practice
Now write two separate paragraphs based on the following two topic sentences with the cause-effect strategy.
1. The rate of teenage nearsightedness is much higher in China than in most other countries.
Ideas for reference:
Chinese children are compelled to spend so much more time doing schoolwork than children in other countries.
Long-standing Chinese culture favors femininity over masculinity.
To most Chinese parents, their kids’ possible eye proble m is not a real health issue.
Sample:
The rate of teenage nearsightedness is much higher in China than in most other countries. Underlying that worrying state there are two major causes, the first of which is the fact that Chinese children are compelled to spend so much more time doing schoolwork than children in other countries; and for that state the competitive college entrance examination is certainly responsible. Also to blame is the long-standing Chinese culture that favors femininity over masculinity, as abundant available evidence suggests. To most Chinese parents, their kids’ possible eye problem is not a real health issue. They do not seem to consider it a regrettable thing for their children to have to wear glasses. Unlike American and European parents, they do not care for athletic children as much as they care for well-educated and good-mannered ones. To sum up, it is the current educational system and the femininity of the Chinese culture that seem to be primarily responsible for the high rate of teenage nearsightedness in the country.
2. It is worrying that nowadays more and more teenagers have free access to the Internet. Ideas for reference:
The Internet is a virtual world of unpleasant stuff of all kinds.
Teenagers are vulnerable to bad influences.
Many children’s addiction to the Internet is also enough reason for concern.
Sample:
It is worrying that nowadays more and more teenagers have free access to the Internet. A double-edged sword as it is, the Internet is more harmful than helpful to children, who tend to abuse their online time. As is known to everyone, the Internet is a virtual world of unpleasant stuff of all kinds, such as explicit and graphic contents of sex, vulgar verbal
junk, and violent online games. Still at the formative stage of their physical, emotional and mental growth, teenagers are vulnerable to bad influences, and are more likely to be adversely affected and, as a result, develop unhealthy habits, deviant behavior, aggressive dispositions, and problematic attitudes towards life. Teenagers under the influence of some sick games committing suicide are, admittedly, extreme cases and yet they are most significant, disturbing, and thought-provoking. Even if their online activity is harmless, many children’s addiction to th e Internet is also enough reason for concern. Because of its interactivity and other alluring features, the Internet is far more appealing than the television. No wonder so many children often spend days and nights in a row in a net bar, wasting their lives away. In the foreseeable future, the country might find cases of juvenile delinquency increasing at an alarming speed, and in the long run, the Chinese culture would be weakened seriously if immediate action is not taken to change the present state.
Listening Exercises
You are going to hear several veterans talking about their experiences during World War II.
A. Listen carefully. Pay special attention to the following key words and phrases. Add more to the list if you can.
The fear
A: handle fear; as sca red as; think; not let … down; work to accomplish
B: prepare mentally; be trained; live through; ease off; a gut feeling; walk carefully;
take care of
The cruelty
C: Bastogue; short of equipment / ammunition / warm clothes; confidence; fog; drop;
re-supply; miss
D: ridge; shellacking; difficult situation; exact amount; close friends; put out of mind E: hit in the arm; take off above the elbow; wristwatch; real cold night; glad
The brotherhood
F: unusual feeling / happening / bonding; depend on; close-knit
G: brave; unbelievable; admire; real men / heroes; buried
H: big war; little part; proud; cry; cherish; serve in; company of heroes
I: Henry the fifth; be remembered; band of brothers; shed blood with
B. Listen again. Supply the missing words according to what you hear from the recording.
The fear
1. Everybody had fear , but there’re people that can handle fear . I think I
were probably one of them . I think I was just as scared as anybody else except I could think .
2. It’s a feeling you would not let yourself down and you would not let
your comrades or your unit down .
3. We all had fear . But we all had training to know that you try to handle
your fear and work to accomplish what you’re supposed to be doing .
4. You have a feeling you’re going to live through the war . You have a feeling it’s starting to ease off . You can’t account for it . It’s just a gut feeling .
The cruelty
1. Like in Bastogue, we were short of equipment . We didn’t have enough ammunition. We were down to one round per man there for a whole. And we didn’t have enough warm clothes . But we had confidence that our higher military authorities would get to us whatever we needed .
2. The fog was in . They couldn’t drop us or re-supply us . Every time they tried to drop supplies in to us, they missed us and dropped them to the Germans .
3. There was a ridge with a tree line . We were dug in on that ridge . The Germans knew right where we were, and they really gave us a shellacking .
The brotherhood
1. It’s a very unusual feeling . It’s a very unusual happening and it’s a very unusual bonding . We knew that we could depend on each other . We were
a close-knit group .
2. The real heroes are the fellows that are still buried over there and those that came home to be buried .
3. I’m just one little part of the big war and I’m proud to be a part of it. I served in the company of heroes .
4. From this day to the ending of the world , we in it shall be remembered . We lucky few , we band of brothers . For he who today sheds his blood with me shall be my brother .