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高中语法总结大全-冠词

高中语法总结大全-冠词
高中语法总结大全-冠词

冠词所有语法点总结

(1)考点:1.1 冠词基本用法 1.2 冠词的习惯用法(重点) 1.3 冠词活用(难点)

(2)分类: 定冠词the,不定冠词a/an,零冠词

考点一:冠词的基本用法

注:在泛指时如何使用冠词要根据所要表达内容的具体情况而定。

The tiger is in danger of becoming extinct. 虎有灭绝的危险。

(不能说“A tiger is in danger of becoming extinct.”。濒临灭绝指的是整个虎类,而不是任何一只老虎都面临灭绝的危险。)

练习题:

1.【2012江西】

The Smiths dont like staying at __C__ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very ni ce hotel by _____ sea.

A. /; a

B. the; the

C. /; the

D. the; a

2. 【2011全国I】

It is generally accepted that __A___ boy must learn to stand up and fight like _____ man.

A. a; a

B. a; the

C. the; the

D. a; /

3. 【2009北京】 The biggest whale is __D___ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long

练习题:

1.—How was __B___ dinner at Mike’s house?

—It was great. Mike’s mum is _____ wonderful cook.

A.a; the

B. the; a

C. the; the

D. a; an

2.This is __C___ egg. _____ egg is big.

A.a; A

B. an; An

C. a; The

D. an; The

3.【2011全国II】As he reached _D____ front door,

Jack saw _____ strange sight. A. the; / B. a; the C. /;a D. the; a

4.【2006北京】I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over __B___ keyboard.

You shouldn’t put drinks near _____ computer. A. the; / B. the; a C. a; / D. a; a

5.【2008江西】—I am so sorry to have come late for

the meeting. —It is not your fault. With _B____ rush-hour traffic and _____ heavy rain, it is no w onder you were late.

A.a; a

B. the; the

C. /; /

D. /; a

6.Its ______ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them ____

__ pleasure

A./; a

B. a; /

C. the; a

D. a; the

7.Have you heard ___C___ news?The price of ______ petrol is going up again!

A. the; the

B. /; the

C. the; /

D. /; /

8.【2012全国新课标】

Sarah looked at __C____ finished painting with ______ satisfaction.

A./; a

B. a; the

C. the; /

D. the; a

9.India attained _A___ independence in 1947, after _____ long struggle.

A./; a

B. the; a

C. an; /

D. an; the

注:抽象名词前面不用冠词泛指时侧重于表达一种概念。如上面题中的attain independence, with satisfaction表达的是“获得独立这个概念,并不是强调获得哪次独立。

(3)独指:

世界上独一无二的事物,要用定冠词the修饰。但当这些名词前有描述性定语时,可用不定冠词表示泛指。The moon turns around the earth. A new moon is hanging in the sky.

练习题:

1. We can see __D___ sun and _____ moon in _____

picture.

A. a; the; the

B. the; a; the

C. a; the; a

D. the; the; the

2. It’s __C___ pleasure to see _____ sun rising in _____ east.

A. /; the; /

B. a; /; /

C. a; the; the

D. /; the; the

注:在可数名词中,go to school去上学, be in hospital在住院;而go to the school去那所学校(不一定是去上学), be in the hospital在那家医院(不一定是生病)。我们可以看出,不管是可数名词还是抽象名词,不用冠词时可以表示概念,用定冠词时表示特指。

(4)名词有修饰语时,前面不一定都用定冠词

延伸概念:限定性定语:指of引导的定语或某些定语从句,他们限制名词的意义,是指特

定的内容

描绘性定语:这种定语只描绘,不限定意思

名词被限制性定语修饰时,前面用定冠词;被描绘性定语修饰时,不用定冠词。

She cared little for social life. 描绘性

He has always been interested in classical music.描绘性

This is the book you want.限定性

This is a book you must read.描绘性

练习题:

1.【2010 全国】

Most animals have little connection with __A____ animals of ______ different kind unless th ey kill them for food.

A.the; a

B. /; a

C. the; the

D. /; the

2.【2012 浙江】

The development of industry has been _C_____ gradual process throughout ______ human existence from stone tools to modern technology.

A./; the

B. the; a

C. a; /

D. a; a

3.【2010浙江】

Many lifestyle patterns do such __C____ great harm to health that they actually speed up __ ____ weakening of the human body.

A.a; /

B. /; the

C. a; the

D. /; /

4.【2004 北京】

On ___B___ news today, there were ______ reports of heavy snow in that area.

A.the; the

B. the; /

C. /; /

D. /; the

5.As a consequence__A_ fruits such as peaches and pears are in fact related, although they are

different at ______ first sight.

A. the; the

B. /; the

C. /; /

D. the; /

(5)不定冠词a/an的基本用法

1.a/an的选择:

当紧跟着冠词的第一个因素为辅音音素时用a;当紧跟着冠词的第一个音素为元音音素时用an(注:不是字母,是音素!)

a university, a one-eyed animal, a European car, an hour, an X-ray, an ugly man.

练习题:

1. The Wilsons live in ___D___ A-shaped house near the coast. It is ______ 17th century cottage.

A. the; /

B. an; the

C. /; the

D. an; a

2.表示one, the same, every(不能和one替换). They are of an age. I will return in a day or two. 练习题:

1. The train is running fifty miles ___A___.

A. an hour

B. one hour

C. the hour

D. a hour

2.The new D-type trains can run at speeds of 200 to 250 kilometers ___B___ hour. The trip from S hanghai to Beijing only takes 10 hours now.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

(6)冠词的特殊位置

1.不定冠词的特殊位置:

(1)so/as/too/how/however + adj +a/an +可数名词单数

This is so interesting a film that we all want to see it.

He is as good a student as you.

He is too young a boy to join the army.

How clever a boy he is!

(2)quite, rather 与单数名词连用且名词前有形容词修饰时,顺序为:

quite/rather +a/an+ (adj)+名词单数或a rather+ adj+名词单数

注:a few, a little等固定短语,不能拆。

it was rather a difficult question.

It was a rather difficult question.

It was quite a small house.

Quite an effort

(3)no/much/far/all+ adj比较级+a/an+单数名词

He is far more clever a boy.

(4)more/less + adj + a/an+单数名词

Tom is less significant a figure.

2.定冠词的特殊位置:

定冠词在名词词组中一般位于最前面,但当名词词组中有exactly, just, half, double, twice, all, both,等词修饰时,定冠词放在这些词后。

Exactly the same color, Just the right place, Half the story, Double the amount

(7)使用零冠词口诀:

月,季节,星期,假期,洲

称呼,头衔,职务前,

三餐,球类,惯用语,

学科,棋类名词前。

He has no lessons on Sundays.

Mr. Li is chairman of the meeting.

考点二:冠词的习惯用法

1.

2.

3.

考点三:冠词的活用

(1)

练习题:

1. Mr. Smith told us that ___B ___ gold medal his son had got was considered ______ great hon

or to the whole family.

A. the; /

B. the; a

C. a; a

D. a; the

2. Don’t you think it __C ____ surprise that a German cannot speak ______ German language?

A. /; the

B. a; the

C. a; /

D. /; the

(2) 具体名词抽象化:

School, hospital, prison, table 等有具体意义的可数名词,当被抽象化而只突出与之有关的活动时,表示一种概念时,前面用零冠词。

Go to school: 去上学 at table: 在吃饭

in prison: 蹲监狱

(3) 形容词比较级前的冠词活用:

(4) 序数词前的冠词活用: The+序数词:表顺序,第…

A/an + 序数词:表又一个,再一个

序数词修饰动词时,已变为副词,因此不用与冠词连用 This is her third time to teach me about that. Can you give me a second chance?

He was only 3 years old when I first saw him.

(5) 其他特殊名词前的冠词活用

外研版英语中考英语 冠词X知识点总结复习及练习测试题

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