当前位置：文档库 › 英语新闻标题及其翻译

英语新闻标题及其翻译

Outline

1. Introduction

2. Development of English News Title

2.1 History of English News Title

2.2 Functions of English News Title

2.2.1 Pointing Out the News Content

2.2.2 Producing Attractive Effects.

2.3 Differences between Chinese and English News Titles

2.3.1 V ocabulary Similarities and Differences

2.3.2 Tense Similarities and Differences

2.3.3 Rhetoric Similarities and Differences

2.3.4 Punctuation Mark Similarities and Differences

3. Translation of English News Titles

3.1 Literal Translation

3.2 Free Translation

3.3 Addition

3.4 Omission

3.5 Negation Translation

3.6 Alliteration

3.7 Making Use of the Advantage Chinese in Translation

4. Conclusion

[Abstract] English news titles play a special role in news reporting. Thus we should place special emphasis on the research of the characteristics and translation of English news titles. This thesis focuses on the study of English news titles in terms of their grammatical features and its translation. When it comes to translation, it tries to reproduce the functions of English news titles which requires translators’ agility and ingenuity in applying semantic and rhetorical devices. With grammatical and semantic exploration into the English news titles, such studies strive to benefit the readers in their understanding of what the editor wants to convey.

[Key words] English news title; function; comparison; translations methods

英语新闻标题及其翻译

[摘要]标题在新闻报道中具有独特的地位。因此在整个新闻英语翻译中标题翻译的作用不可忽视。本文拟从以下角度进行论证：英文报刊标题的文字简练醒目，无疑是来源于对英语语法得心应手的灵活运用。而要再现英文标题在原文中所起的浓缩主题、画龙点睛的作用，需要译者同样在用词和修辞等语法方面匠心独运。本文拟通过对英语新闻标题翻译原则和策略的探讨，以期能对新闻英语包括英语标题翻译找到一条具有特定翻译规则的途径作出有益的尝试。

[关键词] 英语新闻标题; 作用; 分类; 对比; 翻译方法

1 Introduction

What is the title? A title of a piece of news usually printed in large type and devised to summarize, gives essential information, or interests readers in reading the news content . Naturally readers buy newspapers in order to keep posted on daily happenings. However, t oday’s English newspapers are getting fatter with a great

number of pages. Therefore, many readers have formed the habit of scanning titles, which makes possible rapid news comprehension. Thus one of the most important purposes of titles is to inform readers quickly, which means that a well-designed title immediately tells them the gist of the accompanying story. Nothing is more important than packaging the product. A piece of news and its titles resemble the product and the packaging respectively. Only when the titles grasp the attention of the readers, the whole page can obtain vitality. So we say a final requirement of titles is to stimulate the reader’s artistic sense.Therefore, news people need to make sure that English title forms are set to beautify the layout of the newspaper and thus to interest readers in the stories.

2. Development of English News Title

2.1 History of English News Title

The history of English news title is long and it can be divided into three phases. English news titles were originated in the Qing Dynasty. The characteristic of embryo is long and complex. The second stage of news title begins with the characteristic of diversity in the 19th century 70's. The third stage is from 20th century to nowadays and has the feature of concise and simplicity. In a word, the translation of English news title experienced the process from complexity to simplicity.

2.2 Functions of English News Title

The news title is the fundament al part of any piece of news. In a time when it’s harder to get people’s attention, good writers always spend too much time and creative energy working on their titles, because they know that the title is one of the most important parts of their work. According to Bruce H. Westley, from the standpoint of the reader, newspaper titles serve the following purposes:

2.2.1 Pointing Out the News Content

News titles summarize the news content, so the news content can be reflected by the titles alone. By glancing over them, the readers will know what the story is about. Readers can quickly locate the parts that interest him mostly by following the sequence of the news points line by line. Titles rank the importance of stories by the size of the print and placement on the page. And titles can convey the relative significance of the news.

2.2.2 Producing Attractive Effects

News titles are essential to attract the re ader’s attention. General speaking, two methods are used. First, the consistent use of familiar title structure gives the newspaper a relatively familiar and welcome nature. Secondly, English news title is trying to make good use of the front page of a newspaper, especially in electronic media. All of that can help attract the public’s attention. The front page plays the most important role of attracting the eyeballs of the readers well. Since newspapers are usually sold on the newsstands with just the top-half of the paper showing to the passengers, reporters of newspapers try every means to make the banner titles across the top of the page attractive enough to be a crowd-stopper (Westley 1972).

2.3 Differences between Chinese and English News Titles

Understanding the similarities and differences between the Chinese and English news titles are carrying on the accurate translation. Any thing has its general character and its individuality. The Chinese and English news title is not exceptional. Directness and factuality are the two most prominent general characters. But the different language cultural context and the news tradition enable the Chinese and English title to have their own clear characteristics.

2.3.1 Vocabulary Similarities and Differences

In most cases both English titles and Chinese titles share similarities in the vocabulary usage. First, in the news titles they both use shrinks and concise words (In Chinese we often used “armed police”,“Political Consultative Conference”,“WTO”,“Security Council”and so on. In English UN, UK, USA, NATO, WTO, NASA EU) “Minor term” is the popular word usage and t he fashionable word usage in English news titles. Second, both enjoy using popular words. Third, both enjoy using stylish words. For example:

(1) 全球瞩目A股巨震，暴跌难阻股民入市热情

(2) MP demands probe into MoD bungles (MP=Member of Parliament; MoD=ministry of

Defense

(3) 越来越多的人在聚会时喜欢“k歌”(K song is stylish word)

(4) American Online; Often Down, Never Out (Online is stylish word)

The first two examples use the popular terms and the last two ones use the stylish word.

Differences:

Judging from vocabulary, the Chinese news title is fond of using several verbs together, but the English news title is fond of using several noun words together. English news often uses short words and some initials or acronyms which are printed in large type, Such as EEC short for European Economic Community.

(5) 开放搞活改革致富

(6) Britain “Flagship” Detention Center Abandoned

(7) 武船再助“神舟”飞天（“武船”指武昌造船厂）

(8) A 2nd LI Priest Removed (LI=Long Island)

The first example shows Chinese title uses four verbs together, while the second one shows English title uses four nouns together. That’s the difference lying in the Chinese and English news title in the vocabulary usage.

2.3.2 Tense Similarities and Differences

English and Chinese news titles all massively use the phrase title. In Chinese we commonly use verb-object phrase, noun phrase and so on. In English we commonly use non-localization minor sentence (for example participial phrase, Infinitive phrase and gerund phrase), adjective phrase, and preposition phrase and so on. Translation may happen according to respective characteristic transformation. E.g.

(9) Five Ways to Be Romantic

(10) Helping the Homeless to Help Themselves

(11) US carmakers ready to cut output.

(12) 走向美好明天的江西.

(13) 变化中的股市

(14) 中国与发展

In the above English news titles, the first uses the infinitive phrase, the second uses the gerund phrase and the third uses the adjective phrase. In the Chinese news titles, the first uses two verb-object, the last one uses noun -verb.

When we read English news title we will find English news titles often use simple present tense, present progressive tense and simple future tense, whose sign is obvious. However, you will find Chinese news titles often use present tense and progressive tense. Who tense sign is not obvious (Peter, Newmark 2001).For example:

(15) French Culture Is the Doldrums

法国文化颓然不振

(16) China is growing strong.

中国正在发展壮大.

(17) China had an earth-shaking change.

中国发生了一个翻天覆地的变化

(18) 中国自然资源丰富.

(19) 总理会见了受难群众

(20) 中国法律将更加完善.

(21) 圆满取得了成功.

From the above examples we can find the first four examples use general present tense, general future tense, and present progressive tense, general past tense individually, and have obvious tense signs. The last ones use general present tense, the present tense replace past tense, future tense, past tense. But they have no obvious tense signs.

2.3.3 Rhetoric Similarities and Differences

Both English and Chinese news title use the ordinary rhetoric, such as metaphor and hyperbole. It can attract more readers and make the news more clear and colorful.

(22) Dam work brings flood of debate

(23) 孩子是祖国的花朵

(24) Graying Armies March to Defend Social Security

(25) 一落千丈

The first and second examples use the metaphor. The rest uses the hyperbole. The above two kinds of rhetoric are often used in English and Chinese news titles.

As for the rhetoric, English-Chinese news title style is respectively different. The Chinese news title highly values a literary talent especial in antithesis and controls rhyme. The English news title is insipid and pays more attention to the fact. The usage of rhetoric lattice is limited. It often uses literary quotation, allegory, personification, harmonic tone, alliteration, repetition, word or phrase with double meaning, changing the order of rhetoric. Chinese news titles often use parallelism, overlapping, swing, aphorism, antithesis, comparison, word or phrase with double meanings. Some rhetoric is respectively for English institute such as alliteration and swings.

(26) Protestant Protest

(27) Grammy Apple of New York’s Eye?

(28) The Scent of Descent

(29) 名言草，实言人。

(30) 不积跬步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江海.

(31) 青山横北郭，白水遶东城。

In the above examples, English and Chinese news titles use different rhetoric. The functions of the rhetoric are different between English and Chinese news titles and they have their own features.

2.3.4 Punctuation Mark Similarities and Differences

In some cases, Chinese and English news titles both have the abbreviation punctuation marks in titles. The function is to remain pause and divided into two or three title abbreviation topic. The meaning is still clear. The same lies in the comma and the exclamation mark. That is to say they all are used to divide the meaning group and the expression of intense sentiment. E.g.

(32) 原来如此…..

(33) What, Who, Which.....

(35) Oil’s well that ends well, hopes rig chef

(36) 克什米尔神庙附近发生火灾，死亡十人。

The first two examples use the abbreviation mark. This function is to indicate pause. The rest ones use comma to divide the title into two groups.

As far as the usage of punctuation mark is concerned, Chinese news title commonly uses comma, exclamation mark, dash, quotation mark, ellipsis, parenthesis, spacer and question mark. While English titles often use comma, colon, dash, question mark, exclamation mark, possessive case mark, oblique line mark and quotation mark. Chinese title does not use the colon, possessive case mark, oblique line mark. The English news title does not use the ellipsis, parenthesis, space. The dash is different between Chinese and English titles. The dash plays the connection and the supplement information role, and replaces the article “be”. The dash may express the meaning progressive and the transition in Chinese news. The quotation mark often emphasizes the essential information in English and draws out the original speech. In Chinese title

the quotation mark expresses the content and the meaning directly either the irony or the exaggeration.

(37) 目前世界上最高的山峰—珠穆郎玛蜂

(38) The Translato r—James

(39)“神通广大”的候乐为何如此嚣张

(40)“walk with Lions”to come true

The first two examples use dash mark to refer to the main topic. the last two examples use quotation mark to emphasize some information.

3. Translation of English News Titles

Understanding the content of news well is the first thing for translating. The English news title has its own distinctive grammar system and the language form characteristic. So translation ought to use the title grammar and language and keep the purity of the title. In the process of the translation from English to Chinese, we should consider their differences. We should take the custom of the translated language into the consideration. Once we come across the cases, we can not translate them liberally.

3.1 Literal Translation

Since being simplicity is the common characteristic of both English and Chinese news titles, we can consider literal translation at first (陈宏微1997). When the English news title is correspondent to Chinese news title in meaning, we can translate them literally. Such translation will not influence concrete meaning and nature of both English and Chinese news titles. E.g.

(41) Look Back to Look Ahead

回首往昔, 展望未来

(42) Cold and Rainy Day Is Expected

预计将有寒冷的雨水

(43) Tourist Is Arrested for Espionage Charges

一游客涉嫌间谍活动被捕

(44) Bill Clinton Assumes Office in White House as Us President

比尔.克林顿入主白宫,就任美国总统。

(45) Betray by the press

报界的背叛

Most of the English news titles can translate in this way and make the titles concise and good understanding. As the English news titles are corresponded to Chinese news titles in meaning, so we translate the English news titles literally. In the first four examples, the meanings of English news titles are equal to Chinese news titles. So we can translate them literally.

3.2 Free Translation

We know English and Chinese belongs to two language families. So they differ in many aspects such as vocabulary and tense in translation. When we meet such cases, we can adopt free translation. E.g.

(46) Blown-away Hopes (Times February 1996)

和平的希望被炸掉了（Free translation points out article content）

(47）Men Do Cry－All Over the World.

今昔非比，保守的英国绅士大胆流露感情。

(48)Some Kids Are Orchids

血案的反思

Between Chinese and English news titles, the English news title uses the simple present tense in the first example, while the translated Chinese news titles use the past tense. In the third example, the English news title is a simple sentence while the Chinese news titles are a simple phrase.

3.3 Addition

Addition refers to supplying necessary words in our translation so as to make the version clear and correct. However, due to the differences between Chinese and English news titles in vocabularies, rhetoric and tense. In the above cases, we may employ devices such as addition. Addition can help readers understand the English news titles.

E.g.

(49) Young Wheel Ers, Big dealers

驾驶摩托车的青年们，成了（保险公司的）大主顾

(50) Culture Convention Barrier

产品跨国销售中的文化习俗障碍

(51) Hanging up Their Hats

英警察传统锥形头盔将束之高阁

(52) Year 2000 Bug Unstoppable for some Companies

计算机千年虫问题迫在眉睫

According to the differences in vocabularies the English news title used two nouns together, in the first example, while the Chinese news titles use the verb. The second one is the same with the first one in translation. In the third example, the English news title does not use rhetoric while the Chinese news title uses hyperbole.

3.4 Omission

Omission refers to prune the redundant information in the original language. That is, to say make our translation as economical as possible. The most visible feature of titles is omission. The titles can be shortened by wiping out some unimportant words when the omission of such words does not provoke confusion. Owing to the similarities of vocabulary and tense between the English news titles and the Chinese news titles, we can adopt omission to translate from the English news titles to the Chinese news titles.

E.g.

(53) You Need to Eat Less Than You Think

适量少吃有助于减肥

(54) My wife is a Woman in a Man’s world

泡在男人堆里的女人

(55) Cream of Shanxi Relics on Display

山西文物精品展览

(56) How Globalization Hurts the Poor in Africa

全球化有损非洲穷人的利益

In the first two examples, usage of vocabularies in the English news titles is the same as the Chinese news titles the last two ones used the same tense.

3.5 Negation Translation

If title literal translation can not express the article content rightly, it may change an angle and begin to write or paint from reverse side and express its own ideas on the contrary. This way of translation can be considered as negation translation. e.g.

(57) Never Too Old

最长寿之人

(58) You cannot be too careful.

你可要特别小心啊！

(59) An opportunity is not likely to repeat itself.

良机难再。

(60) But all men are not born to reign.

并非人人生来都是作帝王的。

(61) Crisis law

反危机法案

(62) Riot police

防暴警察

(63) Crying Over Unsold Milk.

牛奶售不了，抱怨也无用

In the first four examples, the English news titles have the negative words while the Chinese news titles have not. However, the Chinese news titles have the negative words in the last three ones, while the English news titles do not have. Lots of titles can not express their means correctly but this method can solve the problems and make the titles’ meanings more clearly.

3.6 Alliteration

Alliteration is the recurrence of the same initial sound in words and close succession. Alliteration is used for the sake of brevity and vividness. In English news titles, there are many short titles but powerful titles. E.g.

(64) Missing Mike

缅怀迈克

(65) Coca- Cola

可口可乐

(66) Coffee

咖啡

In the first example, the news title is pining for its former inspirational leader, Michael Bloomberg, who left to become mayor of New York. In the first example, Mike, the nickname for Michael, is used to show people’s fondness of him. And the word “miss” is chosen to constitute alliteration with “Mike” and to highlight his fellows’

strong desire for him. The title thus appears to be very concise and movingly expressive. The usage of alliteration is also reasonable to the rest ones.

3.7 Making Use of the Advantage Chinese in Translation

The English news titles narrate factually and attach importance to fact reports. The Chinese news titles are particular about a literary talent and especial for highly valuing fact. As a result, the translation from English news title to Chinese news titles can use antithesis, pressure rhyme, idiom when translating. E.g.

(67) Saving Time for a Rainy Day

储蓄劳务，未雨绸缪

(68)Stepping up to the Firing Line

裁人难，难于上青天.

(69) Opportunity knows ---but at a cost

学习还是赚钱，是个问题

(70) It takes Determination to Complete One of the Toughest CorRallis

只要意志坚，不怕征途远。

(71) Palestinian Leader Arafat Dies At 75

壮志未酬身先死，阿拉法特抱憾归。

The Chinese is rich, colorful and glorious, when the above English titles are translated into Chinese, they can be easily understood. The first example uses four-character form idioms. The second and fourth examples use hyperbole.

4. Conclusion

Translating news title is absolutely not an easy job.This paper holds knowledge of the history and the special features of English news titles are helpful for the translation of the English news title. According to the above analysis, comparison of English and Chinese news title, this paper gives some suggestions in title translation. We should pay attention to the similarities and differences such as the rhetoric, vocabulary, tense, punctuation, while doing English to Chinese or vice version. So this paper tries to provide a reference to our future title translation. At last we know the translation of English news titles plays a crucial role in our daily life.

Bibliography

[1] Bell, A. 2001. The Language of News Media [M]. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

[2] Newmark, Peter. 2001. Approaches to Translation [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language

Education Press.

[3] Westley, B. H. 1972. News Editing [M]. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.

[4] 陈宏薇. 1997. 汉英翻译基础[M].上海：上海外语教育出版社.

[5] 李中行、张健. 1993. 新闻英语[J]. 天津：南开大学出版社.

[6] 许明武. 2003. 新闻英语与翻译[M]. 北京：中国对外翻译出版公司.

[7] 张健. 1992. 英语广播新闻文体特点[J].《外国语》.

英汉笔译期末“短句翻译”复习提纲

1. Today the electronic computer is widely used in solving mathematical problems having to do with weather forecasting and putting satellites into orbit. 译文：今天, 电子计算机广泛地运用于解决一些数学问题, 这些问题与天气预报、把卫星送入轨道有关。 2. No reference books are to be taken out of the reading-room without permission 译文：本阅览室的任何参考书都不得擅自带出。 3. Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind. It is the freshness of the deep springs of life. 译文：青春不是人生的一个阶段，而是一种心境。青春是生命深处的一泓清泉。 4. The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the information media. 译文：因为距离远，又缺乏交通工具，农村社会是与外界隔绝的。这种隔绝状态由于通信工具不足，就变得更加严重了。 5. You can fool all the people some of the time and some of the people all the time, but you cannot fool all the people all the time. 译文：骗人一夕一事易，欺众一生一世难。 6. Care should be taken at all times to protect these sophisticated instruments from dust and damp. 译文：应当始终注意保护这些精密仪器，不使其沾染灰尘，不让他们受潮。 7. The study found that non-smoking wives of men who smoke cigarettes face a much greater than normal danger of developing lung cancer．The more cigarettes smoked by the husband，the greater the threat faced by his non．smoking wife．译文：这项研究表明，妻子不抽烟丈夫抽烟，妻子的肺癌的危险性比一般人大的多。丈夫抽的烟越多，妻子受到的威胁也就越大。 8. For the first time in the annals of space, a piloted ship had succeeded in launching an earth satellite. 译文：载人飞船成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星，这在航天史上尚属首次。 9. The first point about chores is that they are repetitive. They come every day or thereabouts, and once done they require after a certain time to be done again. 译文：家务事的第一个特点，是反反复复。几乎天天都有，而且做完之后，过一段时间又要重做一番。 10. With determination, with luck, and with the help from lots of good people, I was able to rise from the ashes.

英语新闻标题翻译技巧简析

在国际新闻报道中，英语新闻翻译占了相当大的比重。在英语新闻中，“标题被视作报道全文的缩写”，为了尽量吸引读者，编辑往往运用各种修辞手段，力争使新闻标题更具吸引力。这为英语新闻翻译带来挑战。翻译者需调动各种翻译手段，力争把原标题的意义和风格以汉语形式再现出来。为此，翻译时应兼顾三个方面：准确理解标题意义，尤其是要透过字面理解其深层意义；在不曲解原意的情况下发挥汉语特点，以增强译文可读性；在文化背景缺失的情况下，注意译文的可接受性。一、直译或基本直译新闻标题直译和意译孰是孰非在我国译界争论不休，迄今未有定论。笔者以为，两种译法各有长短，翻译中需视实际情况而定，扬长避短。但无论直译还是意译，都应把忠实于原文内容放在首位。就英语新闻标题翻译而言，笔者以为，如果英语标题的含义明白，译成汉语以后中国读者不至于产生理解上的困难，可考虑采用直译或基本直译。比如： Putin faces harsh press criticism over terror 普京因恐怖事件受媒体严厉批评 Olympics Begin in Style; Swimmer Takes 1st Gold 奥运盛妆开幕泳将喜夺首金 UK soldest person dies at 115 英国第一寿星谢世，享天年百岁又十五以上三则新闻标题属于直译或基本直译，没有洋腔洋调，显得很自然流畅。又如：Ugly Duckling N-Shipat Last GetsHappy Home 丑小鸭核动力船终于找到安乐窝这则新闻讲述的是某国一艘核动力船，因许多国家担心核污染而拒绝让其靠岸，所以只得在海上到处漂泊，历经周折之后最终被获准在一港口停泊。原标题中以调侃的语气将这艘核动力船比喻成安徒生笔下的“an ugly duckling”（丑小鸭），这也是广大中国读者早已熟悉的典故，故译文采用了“拿来主义”的直译手法，读者一看也就明白怎么回事了。二、翻译中添加注释性词语英语报刊的新闻标题往往迎合本国读者的阅读需要，而且由于思维习惯与中国人不同，英语新闻标题的表达方式也与中文有所不同。因此，翻译过程中必须充分考虑到“内外有别”的原则和我国读者的阅读心理，对国人可能不太熟悉的有关信息、文化背景知识以及不符合国内读者阅读习惯的表达方式进行必要的变通，该删则删，该增则增。正如刘宓庆先生在《文体与翻译》中说的：“即使是明白、易懂的新闻标题，我们在汉译时也常需加上逻辑主语，或电讯中有关的人的国籍、事件发生的地点等等，总之必须增补介绍性、注释性词语以利中国读者的理解，避免读者产生误会。”例如： For Beslans children, alegacy of nightmares （俄罗斯：）劫后相逢，别城孩童仍似恶梦中

英语翻译基础期末复习完整

《英语翻译基础》期末复习 13年12月题型：一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分） Section A; 选择译文中最符合原文意思的选项（考查翻译实践能力） Section B: 关于翻译理论知识的题目二、改译句子。（每小题2分，共10分）三、翻译句子。（每小题3分，共15分）四、篇章翻译（每小题40分，共40分）五、案例分析题（每小题15分，共15分）注意：本门课程为：“闭卷（只允许考生带一本正规英汉词典参加考试，不得携带除此之外的任何查字工具。） I、Multiple Choice Questions (20 points, 2 points each) A : Directions : This part consists of five sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1. I prefer driving to being driven. B A. 我喜欢开车，不喜欢别人开车。 B. 我喜欢开车，不喜欢坐车。 C. 我开车比被开车更喜欢。 D. 我喜欢开车，也喜欢被开车。 2. She had deprived herself of the advice of all but yesmen. C A．她丧失了除了唯唯诺诺的人之外的所有人的劝告。 B．她剥夺了自己的所有人的劝告，唯唯诺诺的人除外。 C．她喜欢唯唯诺诺的人，根本听不进所有其他人的劝告。 D．她剥夺了所有人的劝告，除了唯唯诺诺的人。 3．我第一次听她在晚上唱歌，她的歌声就深深地打动了我。B A．Because it was the first time I heard her sing at a party, her song moved me deeply. B. When I first heard her sing at a party, I was deeply moved. C. I first heard her singing a party, I was deeply moved. D. Because it was the first time I heard her sing at a party, her voice moved me deeply. 4.When it came to reading, they were as good as blind. B

新闻英语标题翻译欣赏及汉译

新闻英语标题翻译:欣赏及汉译我们在阅读英语报刊时，不仅要学会看借新闻标题，而且最好还能善于欣赏并翻译新闻标题，惟有如此，我们才能较正确地理解英语新闻标题的词汇、语法及修辞等特点，判断出标题的寓意。欣赏或翻译英语新闻标题时应该兼顾三个方面：准确理解标题，领悟其妙处；适当照顾译文特点，增强可读性；重视读者的接受能力。欣赏或翻译英语新闻标题，对于不太熟悉英语国家历史、文化背景的读者来说，有时并不是很容易的。许多妙不可言的精彩之处，一疏忽就可能从眼皮底下滑过去。因此，这就要求我们平时注意积累，不断熟悉英语国家的历史掌故、文艺作品以及英语的修辞手段等等。一旦真的领会并译出了英语标题中作者苦心营造的深奥内涵，那份喜悦不亚于数学家攻克一道难题。一、直译或基本直译如果英语标题的含义明白、直接，译成汉语以后中国读者不至于产生理解上的困难，则可直译或基本直译。如： Looking Back To Look Ahead. 回首往昔展望未来。 America's Careening Foreign Policy. 摇摆不定的美国对外政策。 Bill Clinton Assumes Office In White House As Us President. 比尔，克林顿入主白宫，就任美国总统。（或译：克林顿入主白宫，新总统始掌大权。） Olympics Begin In Style; Swimmer Takes 1st Gold. 奥运会隆重开幕泳将夺首枚金牌。

二、添加注释性词语即使是明白易懂的新闻标题，我们在汉译时也常需酌情加上逻辑主语，或新闻人物的国籍、消息的事发地点等等。总之，应兼顾中英语新闻标题之异同，适当增补有关介绍性、注释性词语以利读者理解，避免产生误会。例如： Li Elected Cppcc Head. 李（瑞环）当选为全国政协主席。 Lewis, Xie Voted World's Top Two. 路（易斯）谢（军）当选世界最佳男女（运动员）。 Emperor's Visit A Milestone In Bilateral Ties. 天皇访华：（中日）双边关系的里程碑。 Quake Death Toll Tops 5000. （日本限神地区）地震死亡人数己逾五千。 Young Wheelers, Big Dealers. 青年摩托车手成了（保险公司）大主顾。三、体现原文修辞特点如果英语标题寓意于某种修辞手段，如双关、比喻、押韵等，译成汉语以后中国读者不至于产生理解上的困难，则应尽可能体现原标题的修辞特色。如：押韵：After The Boom Everything Is Gloom.

英语翻译期末试卷

黄山学院初等教育学院2008－2009学年度第二学期06级英语班《英语翻译》期末考试卷班级序号姓名成绩一、选择题。（请将答案写在序号前面）20% 1. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. A. 许多领域的成功都取决于能否得到最新消息。 B. 田里的收成在很多方面依靠获得最新的消息。 C. 从很多方面讲，成功主要依靠在最后的时刻还能得到信息。 D. 在众多领域里，成功是获得最晚信息的保障。 2. At least three persons died in the fire and 23 others were injured. A. 至少3人因这次火灾和另外23次火灾造成死亡。 B. 起码有3个人在大火中丧命，23个以外的人受伤。 C. 火灾造成至少3人死亡，23人受伤。 D. 至少有3人死于火海，23人被火海包围。 3. Not only has he a first-class brain, but he is also a tremendously hard worker. A. 在一班，他不仅是头领，而且，也是一个非常严肃的工作者。 B. 他有一流的头脑，是个非常难对付的家伙。 C. 他不仅头脑好用，而且，还喜欢做极端困难的工作。 D. 他不仅头脑非常聪明，而且，工作上也非常勤奋。 4. It is reported that some areas of Australia have had no rain for more than four years. A. 有报道说，澳大利亚地区已经4年多没下雨了。 B. 据报道，澳大利亚的部分地区有4年多没下雨了。 C. 澳大利亚的个别地方被报道说没下雨的时间已经超过了4年。 D. 报纸报道，某些澳大利亚地区已经有4年多没下雨的时间。 5. The village was named after the high mountain standing in front of it. A. 这个村庄是以矗立在它面前的那座高山命名的。 B. 这个村庄的名字是来自于它面前的那座高山。 C. 这个村庄的名字是在前面的那座高山之后起的。 D. 这个村庄的名字是以站立在它面前的那座高山起的。 6. It was officially announced that the birth rate dropped greatly in the past three years. A. 据官方宣布，出生率在过去的三年中有了大幅下降。 B. 正式宣布，过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 C. 正式宣布，出生率大幅下降在过去三年。 D. 据正式声明，过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 7. The introduction of the new technique reduced the cost of the product three times. A. 对新技术的介绍，使产品的成本减少到三分之一。 B. 新技术的引进使产品的成本减少了三倍。 C. 对新技术的介绍使产品的成本减少到原来的三分之二。 D. 新技术的引进使产品成本减少了三分之二。 8. If you are buying a car, you may pay for it out of savings. A. 假使你正在买一辆汽车，你也许会透支购买。 B. 如果你要买一辆汽车，你可以用自己的储蓄存款支付。 C. 假定你打算买一辆汽车，你得花掉你得全部存款。 D. 加入你买一辆汽车，你需要用你的积蓄交此款。 9. Full-service banks can offer services unavailable at smaller financial institutions. A. 全面服务的银行能提供在小财政机构所不能获得的服务。 B. 提供全方位服务的银行能提供较小的金融机构所不能提供的服务。 C. 充满了服务的银行可能提供给较小的财政机构某些无法获得的服务 D. 全面服务的银行可能提供服务，这种服务是较小的金融机构所不能提供的。 10. The following qualifications are required from the candidates for the above position. A. 我们要求应聘高职位的求职者需具备以下资历。 B. 应聘以上职位，需具备下列资格。 C. 候选人为了高职位要求自己具备以下资历。 D. 以下资历是对应聘此职位的候选人的要求。二、用正反表达法翻译下列句子。20% 1. The teacher found some of the pupils absent. 2. I wonder if he is coming. 3. Your request is beyond my power. 4. You will fail unless you work harder. 5. That lazy boy went to class before he had prepared his lesson. 6. Be sure to lock the door when you leave. 7. Students, with no exception, are to hand in their papers this afternoon. 8. The doubt still unsolved after his repeated explanation. 9. Such flight couldn’t long escape notice. 10. All the articles are untouchable in the museum. 三、用重复法翻译下列句子。20% 1. We should learn how to analyze and solve problems. 2. It's our duty to rebuild and defend our home-land. 3. People forget your face first, then your name. 4. Each had his own business to handle. 5. Big families had their own difficulties.

新闻英语标题翻译语态

新闻英语标题翻译:语态英语新闻标题中的动词表示被动语态时，被动语态结构“be+过去分词”形式中的助动词“be”，通常被省略，也经常不用“by”来引出动作的执行者，剩下的过去分词在标题里就可直接表示被动意义，读者切忌将之误解为该动词的过去式。如： Girl Of 18 Raped After Threat With Bread Knife. (A Girl Of 18 Raped After Threat With A Bread Knife.) 餐刀威逼下，18岁少女遭强暴。 Van Goghs Recovered After Theft. (Van Goghs Are Recovered After The Theft.) 梵高名画窃而复得。 Father Jailed For Murder Of Daughter. (Father Is Jailed For The Murder Of His Daughter.) 谋杀亲生女儿父亲锒铛入狱。其实，读者在广泛接触英语报刊时会发现，新闻标题使用动词主动语态的频率远远超过被动语态。因为从修辞学角度而言，主动语态比被动语态更加生动多彩且富有感染力，所表达的意义更为直接，或更具有说服力，使读者感到真实可信，读来朗朗上口，流利自然。英语新闻标题只有在事件或动作的接受者比执行者更重要时才使用被动语态，突出强调宾语部分，以引起读者注意。这是因为读者读报时的心理状态同看书或查阅资料时的情况不尽相同。人们往往是在就餐时或上班途中、候车、饭后用茶等较空闲时看报的，阅读时思想往往不是完全集中的。只有当他们看到一条特别能引起他们兴趣的标题时，才会把注意力全部集中起来，全神贯注的看下去。因此,英语新闻标题有时为突出动作的承受者通常采用被动语态，目的在于抓住读者的注意力。

新闻英语标题翻译省略

新闻英语标题翻译:省略有的读者读英语报刊，心中无数，东翻翻，西看看，总想挑容易的文章读。一篇文章刚看了个头，一碰到生词，马上换一篇。如此这般，换了六、七篇，还没确定读哪篇。那么，应该怎么读？首先要有准备地阅读，如先大致了解一下某报各版的主要内容，然后按照自己的兴趣或事先拟订的阅读计划，选定一个版面，有选择地阅读。如果碰到生词，也要坚定地读下去。要知道，对于初、中等英语水平的读者，英语报刊文章很少会不出现生词。其次要有步骤地阅读。一般应先读标题，但由于标题（headline）短而精，不太好懂，不少读者常常绕开它。这是不明智的。一份英文报纸少则10至20版，多则数百版。读者一般时间有限，谁都不可能像读课文或看小说那样从头至尾一字不漏地通读一遍。我们拿起一份报纸总想迅速找到当天的报道重点或个人感兴趣的新闻和文章。怎样寻找呢？这就需要找个“向导”作介绍。显然，新闻标题就是十分理想的“向导”。这是因为标题是新闻内容的集中和概括，它用简练的文字浓缩了新闻中最主要或最值得注意的内容。英语新闻标题的措词、语法、修辞乃至标点符号等方面的特点较为突出，现一一予以简述。省略标题是新闻不可分割的组成部分。阅读英语报纸的新闻标题是我们学习阅读英语报刊的第一步。这么说绝无夸张之意，从语法角度来看，英语新闻标题有其一套独特的语法体系，与人们平时常见的英语句子语法有所不同，新闻英语学者称之为“标题语言”（headlines）。其中，标题中虚词的省略就是它的重要特点之一。一般而言，标题中虚词省略现象主要表现在以下几个方面： 1、冠词基本省略。例如：Tenth Of British Mackerel Catch Ground Into Feed. (A Tenth Of The British Mackeel Catch Ground Into Feed.) 英国捕获鳍鱼一成碾为饲料。

翻译基础期末试卷A

课程代码：0730090 第 1 页共 4 页出卷老师：万小磊广东******学院 201*-201*学年第二学期期末考核试卷适用年级、专业或班级：商英****班考试科目：英汉翻译基础（汉译英）（闭卷）（C 卷）总分：100分考试时间：90分钟一．Fill in the blanks （1 point for each blank ，6 points in total ） 1. 要胜任汉英翻译工作译者必须具备至少三种素养: 深厚的____________,广博的____________和高度的___________。 2. 以下各位分别提出了什么翻译标准? 刘重德___________, 傅雷________, 钱钟书___________。二. Choose one proper word to fill in the blanks. Use its plural when necessary. （2 points for each blank, 14 points in total ） 1. 心有余而力不足 One’s ability falls short of one’s _________________. 2. 您的建议我会永远铭记在心。I will always bear your advice in_____________. 3. 如果你忘了她的生日她会很伤心的。You’ll hurt her____________if you forget her birthday. 4. 居心叵测 to nurser evil__________________. 5. 得人心者得天下 Those who gain___________________among the people will gain the 系别班级学号姓名 - --------------- ---------- ------- ------- -------- -- - --- - -- -- -- -- -- -- - - -- -- -- -- ----- - --- - -- -- -装订线 - ------- ---- - -- -- -- -- - - -- -- -- -- -- -- - - -- -- -- - - -- ----- ---- - -- -- -- - - -- -- -- -- ----------------

英语新闻标题翻译技巧研究

2014年01月上青春岁月一、英语新闻标题的典型特点分析新闻标题就是出现在新闻内容前面的，以醒目的文字来突出新闻内容的新闻形式，为了达到间接和生动形象的目的，新闻标题的使用通常都是以名词、流行语和缩略词等为主，这样可以产生新颖别致的效果。笔者对多家海外媒体的新闻报道进行了长期跟踪关注，总结出英语新闻的标题的典型特点，主要分为下面几个部分：第一就是在措辞方面，英语新闻标题中的措辞特点就是大量使用名词简短的词汇，名词的表意功能更为明确，同时信息量比较大，而语法的兼容性也比较高，可以去充当形容词和动词等，可以以简单的形式来完成整句话的表达。除了名词之外，英语新闻中还大量使用了短小的词来进行调控，这些词可以起到吸引读者眼光的目的。第二就是从新闻传播的角度来看，新闻标题一个重要的目的就是要追求爆炸性的特点，使用各种新鲜的流行语来进行。第三就是在英语新闻中出现了大量的缩略词，可以以此来替代很多较为复杂的词汇。第四就是在英语新闻标题中大量出现了修辞手法，这样可以让新闻标题更加生动形象，同时还可以起到讽刺和幽默的作用。二、新闻视角下翻译英语新闻标题的技巧新闻标题具有提炼新闻内容、美化版面和吸引读者三个基本功能，所以在对英语新闻标题进行翻译中也需要时刻坚持这三个基本特点。具体来看，从新闻的角度出发来思考如何进行新闻标题的翻译工作，主要分为下面几个部分：第一就是要准确的对原标题进行理解，然后选择出最合适的词汇来进行表达。在翻译过程中要始终坚持精炼流畅，要让读者在最短的时间内领略标题的独特的魅力。例如在对奥运会进行报道中，出现了一则英文标题《Olympics Beg in in Sty le ，Sw immer T akes 1stGo ld.》就可以翻译成为《奥运盛大开幕，泳池将诞生首金》，其中“盛大开幕”和“首金”等词汇的使用非常简练，并且准确无误的传递出了原标题中含义。其次就是要在翻译中考虑到中文和英语的语言差异和文化差异，照顾到新闻标题翻译的特点，新闻标题中的每一个词汇都具有高度的浓缩性和概括性，甚至于标点符号的使用都会起到关键性的作用。而在翻译中也需要考虑到这个层面。在进行英语新闻标题翻译中，也需要考虑到因为语言文化而形成的信息不对称和意义不对等等现象。因为在很多情况下，我们很难从汉语中找到一个词汇来进行完全的对等，这就需要我们首先对标题进行全部的理解，然后去寻找最合适的词汇，同时还需要兼顾新闻的性质和特点。第三就是在新闻标题的翻译中坚持政治正确。因为意识形态的不同，所以在英语新闻标题中常常出现对我国的政治诋毁等，这需要译者保持清醒。在针对国际新闻进行翻译中，会遇到新闻选题与新闻标题翻译的问题，在这时候我们不仅需要考虑到新闻的实效性，还需要考量到新闻的政治性。三、交际翻译在新闻标题翻译中的应用语言具有表达功能、传播功能和召唤功能三个基本功能，从这一点出发，我们可以去思考新闻标题翻译中的交际性。新闻标题的翻译应该更多的使用交际翻译方式，译文应该更加倾向于译入语的语言形式，这样可以帮助读者对新闻标题进行更好的理解。具体来看，主要分为下面几个部分：第一就是更多的使用意译的方式，在适当的时候可以增添文字，而避免进行直译。直译尽管可以直接重现原文的含义，但是却因为语言组织上存在的差异，而导致新闻过于机械化，失去趣味性。其次，在新闻标题翻译中会出现大量的专业术语，这要求译者必须具有较高的职业素养，例如在英语的新闻标题中，中国通常被简称为，而韩国被成为，当标题中没有体现出明确的英语新闻标题翻译技巧研究 □汪荣顺（黑龙江省科学技术馆，黑龙江哈尔滨150000）【摘要】英文新闻标题的拟定带有典型的英语特点，例如措辞和结构等方面，都与汉语新闻有所不同。而对英语新闻标题进行翻译中，也存在很多技巧，从语言出发需要对原标题进行深入理解，在政治正确的前提下进行翻译；从交际性出发，需要以译入语为主来进行翻译；从美学出发需要坚持翻译中的文化思辨，从而增强翻译的感染力。【关键词】英语翻译；新闻标题；翻译技巧政治倾向时，我们需要结合具体新闻内容来进行政治倾向的选择。四、英语新闻标题翻译的美学透视著名翻译家傅仲选认为翻译就是审美主体，透过中介来进行的审美活动，是将一种审美客体转换成为另外一种审美客体的活动。而英语新闻标题翻译中也需要坚持这种美学的态度，从而让译文与原文一样具有美感。作为译者，面对新闻标题并非仅仅坚持语言上的准确性，也并非仅仅坚持新闻上的爆炸性和趣味性，而是要结合语言的美感来进行翻译，从而可以达到审美的效果。从中英文之间在连接手段、形式和种类上存在的巨大差别来看，中英文是存在很多差异的，汉语重视的是意合，造句是侧重隐性中的连贯；而英文则侧重的是形式和结构上的完整性。从美学角度出发，新闻标题翻译中的美感可以分为下面几个部分：第一就是要做到精炼上的美感。要在有限的词汇中表达出新闻的含义，这是新闻标题翻译中的一个难点。2008年，我国汶川地震引发了全球范围内的关注，诸多国外媒体都对此进行了关注，一家国外媒体以《nation mo urns quake dead 》为题报道了我国对死去同胞的悼念活动，结合汉语中的词汇特点，以及彼时我国所处的社会环境氛围，笔者认为以《举国同悲悼念同胞》为题，可以在美学上更加达到悲怆的氛围，从而更加贴合该新闻的氛围。其次就是要意境上达到美感。新闻标题的选择不仅仅要做到传播上的生动形象，还需要达到一定的意境来吸引读者的注意，并且通过标题的设置来唤起大众对该新闻的联想。例如当花旗银行收购我国某银行股份时，美国某媒体以《y ear of the citi in China ？》为题进行了报道，结合花旗银行，笔者认为以《花旗在中国飘扬？》为翻译颇为恰当，首先花旗银行不仅指新闻中的新闻主体，同时花旗飘扬还指向了旗在汉语中的另一层含义，让这则新闻颇具趣味性。最后就是可以大量使用汉语典故来进行新闻标题的翻译。我国悠久的历史文化中累积了大量的文化典故，如果使用得当不仅可以增强新闻标题的文化意境，还可以让读者更好的理解新闻内容。例如美国前副总统戈尔在卸任之后开始进行环保宣传工作，但美国一家媒体却认为戈尔的环保工作只是为了赚取暴利，并且以“carbon billio naire ”一词来对戈尔进行报道，笔者认为我们对该标题进行翻译时，可以借用卖炭翁的典故来进行，不仅增加了该新闻标题的趣味性，同时还增强了文化意境。五、结语透过新闻性、交际性和美学性等几个角度来对新闻标题的翻译进行研究之后，我们可以看出，英语新闻标题的翻译并不仅仅是语言之间一种简单的转换，同时也是需要译者在对新闻内容进行准确把握基础上，结合自己的语言基础和文化基础进行的二次创造，可以起到吸引读者和增强感染力等诸多效果。新闻标题的翻译也是一个涉及到语言学、文化学和历史学等多个学科，涉及到准确性和政治性等多种特性的较为复杂的课题，对此我国学界目前的关注仍然是不足的，还需要对此进行更多的理论探讨和实践。【参考文献】 [1]张义.英语新闻标题的省略特征及翻译策略[J].新闻爱好者,2011(04). [2]刘金龙.英语新闻标题中的修辞格及其翻译[J].中国科技翻译,2011(02). [3]陈晓莉,文军.英语新闻标题翻译中的模因现象[J].上海翻译,2011(02). 【作者简介】汪荣顺（5—），黑龙江省桦川县人，单位：黑龙江省科学技术馆， 129 sino ro k 198

新闻标题的翻译

随着全球化的发展，中国与世界在政治、经济、文化等各方面的交流日益增多，越来越多的人去关注国际信息。新闻媒体的发展给予我们渠道去关注国际新闻，而英语新闻报道的翻译让我们能更好地掌握国际信息。新闻标题是新闻的重要部分，做好新闻标题的翻译就极为重要。本文介绍了英语新闻标题的一些基本信息，如新闻标题的定义、功能等。同时结合实例，详细分析英语新闻标题在词汇、语法及修辞手法等层面的特点。最后根据英语新闻标题在不同层面的特点提出一些英语新闻标题翻译的原则以及在实际翻译过程中的翻译技巧及方法。 1.中英文新闻标题的总论在信息化时代，新闻是人们生活不可缺少的一部分，新闻标题是新闻内容的高度浓缩，也是吸引读者视线的关键所在，在国际报道中，新闻占了相当大的鼻中隔，而英语新闻更是重中之重，标题被当做英语新闻报道全文的精炼概括，为了吸引读者关注，往往采用各种手法来提升新闻标题的吸引力。同时给新闻标题的翻译带来不少挑战。 1.1标题的定义新闻标题是新闻的眼睛, 也是新闻的重要组成部分。新闻标题是新闻文本对新闻内容加以概括或评价的简短文字。其字号大于正文，作用是划分、组织、揭示、评价新闻内容、吸引读者阅读。按不同的分类标准可以分不同的种类 1.2.中英文标题对比 1.2.1.共同之处 a).它们都是新闻的重要组成部分，是对全部新闻内容的浓缩和提炼，使读者能在短时间内选择新闻，阅读新闻和理解新闻。 b).新闻报道讲究客观公正，但是新闻标题具有明显的政治倾向，媒体编辑往往利用制作标题的机会借题发挥，在概括或浓缩新闻内容的同时，巧妙的融入自己的政治倾向，借以体现媒体的政治方针，宣传自己的政治主张，便于引导舆论。 c).中英文标题在写作方面，都十分的精炼，含义深邃。 1.2.2.差异之处 a).英语新闻相对较长，占字空间较大，所以标题必须十分简单。但中文相对含义比较丰富。

英语新闻标题及其翻译

English News Title and Its Translation Outline 1. Introduction 2. Development of English News Title 2.1 History of English News Title 2.2 Functions of English News Title 2.2.1 Pointing Out the News Content 2.2.2 Producing Attractive Effects. 2.3 Differences between Chinese and English News Titles 2.3.1 Vocabulary Similarities and Differences 2.3.2 Tense Similarities and Differences 2.3.3 Rhetoric Similarities and Differences 2.3.4 Punctuation Mark Similarities and Differences 3. Translation of English News Titles 3.1 Literal Translation 3.2 Free Translation 3.3 Addition 3.4 Omission 3.5 Negation Translation 3.6 Alliteration 3.7 Making Use of the Advantage Chinese in Translation

4. Conclusion English News Title and Its Translation [Abstract] English news titles play a special role in news reporting. Thus we should place special emphasis on the research of the characteristics and translation of English news titles. This thesis focuses on the study of English news titles in terms of their grammatical features and its translation. When it comes to translation, it tries to reproduce the functions of English news titles which requires translators’agility and ingenuity in applying semantic and rhetorical devices. With grammatical and semantic exploration into the English news titles, such studies strive to benefit the readers in their understanding of what the editor wants to convey. [Key words] English news title; function; comparison; translations methods

英汉翻译期末考试题样卷

样卷广东外语外贸大学国际商务英语学院《英汉笔译》2011-2012学年上学期期末考试试卷（A）考核方式：开卷考核对象：国际商务英语学院法律英语系2009级考试时间：120分钟姓名______________ 班级________ 学号____________________ 分数___________ PART I. LEGAL TERMS (20%, one point for each) 1.outstanding liabilities 2.without prejudice to PART II. Translation Improvement (30%) Directions: There may be one or more errors or inappropriate treatment in each of the following TRANSLATED VERSIONS. Please underline it (or them) and then correct it (or them) in the corresponding space provided on the ANSWER SHEET. If you believe the whole translation is wrong or inappropriate, you are advised to underline the whole translation. Marks will be given if you have identified and properly marked the error(s). (2 points for each save as specified otherwise) 21.His retort was delivered with a strong note of vinegar. 原译：他的反驳是带着强烈的醋意发出的。改译： 22.The new father wore a proud smile. 原译：那位新父亲面带得意笑容。改译： PART III. SENTENCES (30%) Directions: Translate the following sentences. Employ the translation skill suggested in the brackets where appropriate. (3 points for each save as specified otherwise) https://www.wendangku.net/doc/af10674696.html,mission depends on the quantity of goods ordered. (Amplification) 32.We learn that you have been dealers of Chinese products for many years. (Conversion) PART IV. PASSAGE (20%) Translate the underlined part of the following passage. 1

英语新闻标题及其翻译

英汉笔译期末“短句翻译”复习提纲

英语新闻标题翻译技巧简析

英语翻译基础期末复习完整

新闻英语标题翻译欣赏及汉译

英语翻译期末试卷

新闻英语标题翻译语态

新闻英语标题翻译省略

翻译基础期末试卷A

英语新闻标题翻译技巧研究

最新翻译理论与实践(笔译)期末复习及答案

新闻标题的翻译

英语新闻标题及其翻译

英汉翻译期末考试题 样卷

英汉翻译期末考试题样卷