外文翻译--现代模具制造技术工艺和发展前沿
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英文资料
Modern Mold Manufacture And Development Of
Cutting-edge Technology
Materials based on the role of mold in different ways, can be summed up modern processing methods for mold removal method, molding method and the cumulative three types of law. Removal Act - mold material was removed and the necessary forms; forming method - the same total amount of material through the flow of materials and get the body; cumulative law - by the material continue to increase, the accumulated the necessary physical .
1.1 Removal of Mold Processing
This is the largest mold maker for a class of methods, including machining, EDM (EDM, wire cutting, electrolytic, etc.), chemical processing, such as corrosion. Characterized by the shape-size components is removed from the blank material to be redundant.
1.1.1 Machining
About 90% of the mold by milling, turning, grinding and other machining methods. They are mainly used to mold parts of the final processing aids, as well as working parts of the pre-mold processing and final processing.
(1) high-speed machining and milling technology
Because the mold cavity often with a large number of free-form surfaces, the traditional hand-made has been unable to meet the needs of the linkage of the
2 three-axis or multi-axis CNC milling machine can solve the maximum extent of the problem in this regard. Therefore, CNC milling and programming tool also naturally become the focus of advanced manufacturing technology.
(2) die cutting and multi-axis joint coordinate processing mode
Forming the work surface grinding is a traditional method of finishing with a high-precision, high-performance advantages of degrees. In the mold manufacture, die cut shape is mainly used Ruled Surface finishing punch, die pieces and EDM electrodes and other components used.
(3) The mold and polishing
After surface machining, surface roughness, regardless of their size must be polished again. Mold Polishing Mold current research is still mainly manually or with electric or pneumatic equipment, manually polished, low efficiency, labor intensity, and the quality of instability. China has imported three-dimensional surface can be automatic die polishing of the NC Institute mold. Developed humanoid intelligent automatic polishing technology has also been made, but fewer applications. Mold the future research will be towards the special mode, the composite, automation, intelligent direction. Extrusion die, such as research, study mode and laser polishing, EDM polishing, electrochemical polishing, as well as ultrasonic polishing compound polishing equipment and technology.
1.1.2 EDM
Mold processing technology of electricity mainly refers to wire cutting, EDM, piercing and electrolysis processing.
(1) WEDM
Cutting EDM spark discharge using metal melting or vaporization, and melting or vaporization of the metal to get rid of in order to achieve a variety of shapes metal parts processing. Wire-cutting for processing small precision, complex shapes, materials, special die parts, the more complex shapes, small precision dies, carbide
3 dies in particular, its economic effects has become more significant. Micro-EDM and Wire Cutting walking is the main development of hot spots in recent years.
(2) Cavity EDM
EDM cavity forming a replication process, it is the use of spark discharge method to copy the shape of tool electrode in the blank mold cavity formed. EDM cavity mold in today's manufacturing industry has been to occupy the position can not be ignored, it can be sintered metal blocks and steel in the conventional methods of processing can not be processed or the shape of difficult processing complex, the size of the fine work, the right choice and the use of electrodes enables the cost of mold manufacturing method than conventional low-40%.
Japan invented a new EDM method, that is, in the process of adding the right amount of liquid micro-silica powder, or aluminum powder, graphite powder may be, can make many times more than the surface of precision can be improved, the current processing methods corresponding EDM has also been commercialized. EDM technology can not be separated from the next three trends, namely, high-speed and high precision and high automation.
(3) Electrochemical Machining
ECM is based on the principle of electrolysis (the electrochemical anodic dissolution) will be the shape of the cathode tool for copying onto blank in the mold cavity of mold processing. As soon as the anode and cathode parts of the forming tool insert electrolyte, the effect of current, between the anode and cathode exchange of charge and materials, the result of dissolution of workpiece. In this way, can also be part of the surface area covered by the protection layer, only to other parts of the place of the oxide part of the material.
1.1.3 Die CAD / CAE / CAM
(1) mold software integration, intelligent
Mold software integrated software modules require relatively complete, while
4 the function module using the same data model, in order to achieve comprehensive management and information sharing, to support the mold design, manufacturing, assembly, inspection, testing and production management of the entire process to achieve optimal benefits.
Such as the United Kingdom's Deleam series software includes surface / solid geometry modeling, complex physical engineering graphics, industrial design of high-level rendering, plastic mold design expert system, the complexity of physical CAM, modeling and carving art automatic programming system, reverse engineering system and Online measurement of complex physical systems.
(2) mold design, analysis and manufacture of three-dimensional
Mold design, analysis, manufacturing three-dimensional and require a new generation of paperless software to three-dimensional mold, intuitive feel to the design of mold, using three-dimensional digital model can be easily used in the product structure of the CAE analysis, tooling manufacturing evaluation and CNC machining, forming process simulation and the management and sharing of information.
Cimatron company, such as injection mold expert software can automatically generate parting direction in accordance with sub-type line and sub-surface, generated with the products corresponding to the core and cavity, the realization of the whole mold-related parts, and BOM is automatically generated for NC drilling process of the form, and capable of intelligent processing parameters, such as processing the results of calibration.
(4) mold software applications networking trend
With the mold in the enterprise competition, cooperation, production and management of globalization, internationalization, and computer hardware and software technology, the rapid development of network industries in the mold allows the virtual design, agile manufacturing technology both necessary and possible. The
5 United States in its ?21 Century Manufacturing Enterprise Strategy" that by 200
6 the automotive industry to achieve agile manufacturing / virtual engineering solutions to automotive development cycle shortened from 40 months to four months.
1.1.4 chemical etching process
Chemical etching process is based on the principle of metal in acid, alkali, soluble in salt solution, that is, the material of metallic materials because of their micro-region of the energy difference between the material and corrosion or the energy difference between the solvent and dissolution occurred. Metal atoms after the release of e-ion in the form of escape from the metal lattice, free ions and the existence of corrosion solution combined with anionic and cationic disappear. Removal of metal ions and anions combine to become insoluble salts, insoluble metal salts that must be the way to filter or centrifuge the solution from a corrosion separated. For example, etching.
1.2 Of the forming mold processing
In many cases, the need for the application of special steel, non-ferrous metal alloy or non-metallic materials, by forming various shapes to create the mold cavity. Forming method, including casting, plastic forming and so on, their common characteristic is the shape of parts from billet size of the transfer of material obtained during processing, the amount of the material will remain basically unchanged.
1.2.1 Die Casting Process
Die casting process commonly used can be divided into three types, namely, sand casting, ceramics and foundry of EPC. Specific use depends on what kind of mold the size of type, precision, and a copy of the required to achieve the surface quality. Die casting manufacturers with the greatest advantage of almost immediately after casting the use of very small amount of follow-up processing.
6 1.2.2 the legal system of plastic extrusion die
(1) Hot stamping method
Hot stamping module is heated to forging temperature, the use of pre-prepared core module and the extrusion pressure of people out of the way to groove. Core parts can be used by itself or pre-processing core expertise.
(2) cold extrusion method
Extrusion die with the external parts to shape forming, after hardening, polishing, and then increase in a row under pressure, 0.1 ~ 10mm/min speed forced to squeeze into the soft annealed steel block, this block in the steel to form the first copy of the extrusion die concave model. This process limited to the most die under pressure and by about 3000MPa annealed steel yield strength limit.
(3) Superplastic Extrusion
Superplastic extrusion method is the use of materials in the superplastic state to the cavity forming punch extrusion method. At a high state of material plastic extrusion cavity, smooth surface, size precision; material deformation resistance low, compared with the cold extrusion can reduce the extrusion pressure of about one-tenth of a few; In addition, from design to machining molds have been simplified, material consumption reduction cost reduction die; die life high.
1.3 cumulative mold processing method
Law of cumulative mold parts processing refers to the shape is continuously added by a certain instruction materials, have been accumulated, including spraying, electroforming, laser processing, such as rapid prototyping and manufacturing processes.
1.3.1 Metal Spraying
At high temperature and low temperature metal spraying, can be used for small-scale experimental mold. High-temperature coating (to be added to the
7 oxygen-curable metal - acetylene flame in the melt), low temperature spray (low melting point alloy to spray release, in the electric components under the melting and spraying the surface of the model), the thickness of metal coating for the 1 -- 3mm. When the coating after cooling down, the "mother mold" is removed from the model (model of at least 2 ° of angle) to the mold frame mosaic of the cushioning material, the liner can be a low melting point alloy, and can also be aluminum powder mixed with epoxy resin, structural foam mold, and sometimes also used as a cushioning material of cement.
1.3.2 Electroforming method
Electroforming method, also known as electrolytic deposition, namely the use of electrochemical deposition of the principle of the cathode, in the model of the cathode electrolytic deposition of metal on the way to get the required cavity. When the model removed from the deposition layer, the sediment layer itself formed a shell; will add a layer of shell enhanced bush, you can Add a template, that is, forming an effective component.
The advantages of electroforming method is that it can accurately reproduce the surface (even the deep narrow cavity can also be completed copy) and its dimensional accuracy, and a model can be used to create a number of the same cavity. Its shortcomings are more time-consuming, high cost.
1.3.3 Rapid prototyping and rapid tooling (RP / RT) Technology Rapid prototyping method is based on the principle of dispersion and accumulation of manufacturing technology. CAD model of parts of it by way of a certain discrete and become discrete machinable surface, discrete lines and discrete points, then the use of physical or chemical means, the face of these discrete, and the point segments formed by the accumulation of the overall shape of parts, the specific The method is: based on three-dimensional CAD model of parts, after the format
8 conversion of its layered slices, the cross-section outline of the shape of each floor, and then use a laser beam selectively curing a layer of liquid photosensitive resin, or cutting a layer of layer of paper or metal foil, or layers of sintered powder materials, as well as the source of the selective use of jet injection layers of the Mongolian hot-melt binding agents or materials, forming the outline of the shape of the cross-section, and then gradually into a three-dimensional stacking three-dimensional parts.
1.4 Die Surface Treatment Technology
The main trends are: the infiltration of a single element to the multi-element co-diffusion, complex permeability (such as the TD method) development; by the general spread of the CVD, PVD, PCVD, ion infiltration, such as the direction of the development of ion implantation; the coating may have TiC, TiN, TiCN, TiAlN, CrN, etc. At the same time, the atmosphere of heat treatment by means of heat treatment to the development of vacuum heat treatment.
In addition, the current of the laser enhanced glow plasma nitriding technology and electroplating (plating) and other anti-corrosion technology to strengthen more and more attention.
1.5 Mold detection equipment and reverse engineering
With the sophisticated, complex, large-scale mold the development of testing equipment have become increasingly demanding. The accuracy of precision molds now has up to 2 ~ 3μm, the use of more domestic manufacturers are Italy, the United States, Japan and other countries of the high-precision coordinate measuring machine, with digital scanning. Such as Dongfeng Motor Die factory in Italy has a 3250mm × 3250mm coordinate measuring machine and digital photography optical scanners, the first in the domestic use of digital photography, the space of three-dimensional optical scanning as a means of information access, from the measurement of the physical
9 realization of the establishment of mathematical model, the output engineering drawings to the whole process of mold manufacturing, the successful implementation of the reverse engineering technology development and applications.
1.6 Modern Mold Industry trends
(1) Die CAD/CAE/CAM are integrated, three-dimensional, intelligence and network direction.
Die CAD/CAE/CAM technology is the mold design, manufacturing technology development direction of the detection of mold and the workpiece digitalization and integration of software functions mold, mold design, analysis and manufacture of three-dimensional, and die industry, as well as reverse engineering tool for software applications network is the main trend.
(2) to the precision mold manufacturing, high efficiency, complex and multi-direction
Precision CNC EDM machine (3) rapid economic modeling techniques are applied Rapid tooling, mainly from the following four areas to accelerate the speed of modeling: First, improve the processing speed (such as high-speed mirror cut); II is based on rapid prototyping rapid tooling technology; Third, choose Free-cutting mold material (such as aluminum alloy) to speed up speed tooling; Fourth, the use of composite processing, multi-processing to improve processing efficiency. (4) special processing techniques have been developed further Toward precision EDM, and micro-oriented direction. Electrode in the simplified preparation, simplifying the programming and operation, improve the processing speed as well as equipment manufacturers continue to reduce costs have 10 also done a considerable amount of research and practice. (5) automatic processing tool and development system With the rapid development of new technologies, there has been a tool of foreign auto-processing system. This is what China's long-term development goals. Automatic processing system should die the following characteristics: more than the rational combination of machine tools; with accompanying plate positioning fixture or positioning; a complete machinery, CNC tool library; a complete synchronization of flexible CNC system; quality monitoring control system. (6) mold materials and surface treatment technology has developed rapidly In the mold material, a large number of dedicated to the mold forming process of different materials have come out in succession and put into use. In the mold surface treatment is concerned, the trend is: by the infiltration of a single element to the multi-element co-diffusion, complex permeability (such as the TD method) development; by the general spread of the CVD, PVD, PCVD, ion infiltration, such as the direction of the development of ion implantation; At the same time atmospheric heat treatment by means of heat treatment to the development of vacuum heat treatment. In addition, the current laser-enhanced glow plasma nitriding technology and electroplating (plating) and other anti-corrosion technology to strengthen more and more attention. 11 资料翻译 现代模具制造技术工艺和发展前沿 根据对模具材料的作用方式不同，可把现代模具加工方法归纳为去除法、成型法和累加法三种类型。去除法——模具材料被去除而得到所需形体;成形法——材料总量不变，通过材料的流动而得到所需形体;累加法——由材料不断地增多，累积得到所需形体。 1.1 模具的去除法加工 这是最大的一类模具制造方法，包括机械加工、电加工(电火花成形、线切割、电解等)、化学腐蚀加工等。特征是，零件的形状尺寸是通过从坯料中去除多余材料而得到。 1.1.1 机械加工 大约有90%左右的模具主要由铣削、车削、磨削等机加工方法完成。它们主要用于模具辅助零件的最终加工以及模具工作零件的预加工和最终加工。 （1）切削加工及高速铣削技术 因为型腔模具往往带有大量的自由曲面，传统的手工制作已经无法满足需要，而三轴或多轴联动的数控铣床却可以最大程度上解决这方面的难题。所以，数控铣削加工及其编程技术也自然成为模具先进制造技术的重点。 （2）模削加工及多轴联动坐标模 成形磨削是工作型面精加工的一种传统方法，具有高精度、高效度的优点。在模具制造中，成形模削主要用于精加工直纹曲面凸模、拼块凹模及 电火花加工用的电极等零件。 （3）研模及抛光 经机加工的工件表面，无论其表面粗糙度大小如何都必须进行再次抛光。模具的研模抛光目前仍以手动为主或借助电动或气动设备手动抛光，效率低、劳动 12 强度大、质量不稳定。中国已经进口可实现 三维曲面模具自动研抛的数控研模机。自行研制仿人智能自动抛光技术也取得了成果，但应用较少。今后模具研模将向着特种化、复合化、自动化、智能化方向发展。如挤压 研模、激光研模和研抛、电火花抛光、电化学抛光、超声抛光以及复合抛光技术与工艺 装备。 1.1.2 电加工 模具的电加工技术主要指线切割、电火花成形、穿孔和电解加工等。 （1）电火花线切割加工 电火花切割加工是利用火花放电使金属熔化或汽化，并把熔化或汽化了的金属去除掉，从而实现各种形状金属零件的加工。线切割用于加工精密细小、形状复杂、材料特殊的冲模零件，愈是形状复杂、精密细小的冲模，特别是硬质合金模具，其经济效果愈显著。 微细电火花加工和慢走丝线切割加工是近年来的主要发展热点。 （2）型腔电火花加工 型腔电火花加工是一种复制成形加工工艺，它是利用火花放电方法，将工具电极的形状复印在模具坯件上而形成型腔。型腔电火花加工工艺在当今模具制造业中已占据不容忽视的位置，用它可以在钢块及烧结金属中加工出用常规方法无法加工或难以加工的形状复杂、尺寸精细的工件，正确选择和使用电极可使模具制造费用比常规方法低40%。 日本发明了一种新的电火花成形加工方法，即在加工液中加入适量的微细硅粉末，或者铝粉、石墨粉均可，可以使表面精度提高数倍以上，目前这种加工方法对应的电火花机床也已经商品化。今后电火花加工技术离不开三种趋势，即高速度化、高精度化和高自 动化。 （3）电解加工 电解加工是基于电解作用原理(电化学阳极溶解)将工具阴极的形状复印在模具坯件上来加工模具型腔的。即将作为阳极的工件和作为阴极的成形工具插入电解 液，在电流的作用下，阳极和阴极之间发生电荷和材料的交换，其结果使工件溶解。利用这种方法，还可将工件表面的部分区域覆盖保护层，只对另外部 13 分进行氧化而去处该部分的材料。 1.1.3 模具CAD/CAE/CAM （1）模具软件功能集成化、智能化 模具软件功能的集成化要求软件的功能模块比较齐全，同时各功能模块采用同一数据模型，以实现信息的综合管理与共享，从而支持模具设计、制造、装配、检验、测试及生产管理的全过程，达到实现最佳效益的目的。 如英国 Deleam 公司的系列化软件就包括了曲面/实体几何造型、复杂形体工程制图、工业设计高级 渲染、塑料模设计专家系统、复杂形体CAM 、艺术造型及雕刻自动编程系统、逆向工程系 统及复杂形体在线测量系统等。 （2）模具设计、分析及制造的三维化 模具设计、分析、制造的三维化、无纸化要求新一代模具软件以立体的、直观的感觉来设计模具，所采用的三维数字化模型能方便地用于产品结构的CAE 分析、模具可制造性评价和数控加工、成形过程模拟及信息的管理与共享。 如Cimatron 公司的注塑模专家软件能根据脱模方向自动产生分型线和分型面，生成与制品相对应的型芯和型腔，实现模架零件的全相关，自动产生材料明细表和供NC 加工的钻孔表格，并能进行智能化加工参数设定、加工结果校验等。 （3）模具软件应用的网络化趋势 随着模具在企业竞争、合作、生产和管理等方面的全 球化、国际化，以及计算机软硬件技术的迅速发展，网络使得在模具行业应用虚拟设计、敏 捷制造技术既有必要，也有可能。美国在其?21世纪制造企业战略》中指出，到2006年要 实现汽车工业敏捷生产/虚拟工程方案，使汽车开发周期从40个月缩短到4个月。 1.1.4 化学腐蚀加工 化学腐蚀加工的原理是基于金属在酸、碱、盐溶液中的可溶性，即金属材料由于其材料微观区域之间的能差或材料与腐蚀溶剂之间的能差而发生溶解。金属原子释放电子后以离子形式从金属晶格中逸出，自由离子和腐蚀溶液中存在的阴 14 离子及阳离子结合而消失。去除的金属离子与阴离子结合成为不溶性金属盐，这种不溶性金属盐必须用过滤或离心的办法从腐 蚀溶液中分离出来。 例如，蚀刻。 1.2模具的成形法加工 在很多情况下，需要应用特种钢、有色金属合金或非金属材料，由成形法来制造各种形状的模具型腔。成形法包括铸造、塑性成形等，它们的共同特征是零件的形状尺寸由坯件材料的转移而获得，在加工过程中，材料的量基本不变。 1.2.1 铸造法制模 模具常用铸造工艺可分为三种类型，即砂型铸造、陶瓷铸造及实型铸造。具体使用哪一种类型取决于模具的尺寸、精度、所需的复制性以及要达到的表面质量。用浇注法制造模具的最大优点是浇铸完后几乎可以马上使用，后续加工量很少。 1.2.2 塑性挤压法制模 （1）热压印法 热压印法是将模块加热到锻造温度后，用预先准备好的模芯压人模块而挤压出型槽的方法。模芯可用零件本身或事先专门加工的模芯。 （2）冷挤压法 挤压模头具有要成形零件的外部形状，经过淬火、抛光，然后在连续增 加的压力作用下，0.1～10mm/min 的速度强行挤入较软的退火钢块，这样在钢块中就形成了挤压模头复制的凹模型。这种工艺限于模头最大承受压力约3000MPa 并受到退火后钢块屈服强度的限制。 （3）超塑性挤压法 超塑性挤压法是利用材料在超塑性状态下，以成形冲头将型腔挤压成形的方法。处于高塑性状态的材料挤压成型腔，表面光洁、尺寸精确;材料变形抗力低，与冷挤压相比可降低挤压力约几十分之一;此外，模具从设计到加工都得到简化，材料消耗 减少，模具成本降低;模具寿命高。 1.3模具的累加法加工 15 模具的累加法加工指零件形状是由不断地按一定指令添加材料、累计而得到，主要包括喷涂、电铸、激光快速原型制造等加工工艺。 1.3.1 金属喷涂 在高温及低温下的金属喷涂，可用于小型实验性模具。高温喷涂（将固化金属加入到氧-乙炔火焰中熔融），低温喷涂（将低熔点合金放人喷枪，在电热元件作用下熔化，并喷涂在模型表面），金属涂层的厚度为1－3mm 。当涂层冷却下来后， 将“母模”从模型上取下(模型至少有2°的斜度)镶嵌到模架上的衬垫材料中，衬垫可以是低熔点合金，也可以是和铝粉混合在一起的环氧树脂，在结构发泡模具中，有时也将水泥用作衬垫材料。 1.3.2 电铸法 电铸法也称电解沉积，即利用电化学阴极沉积原理，在模型阴极上电解沉积金属的办法来得到所要求的型腔。当将模型从沉积层上取出后，沉积层本身就形成了一个壳体;将壳体加一层衬套增强后，就可以放入模板，即形成一个有效的成形元件。 电铸法的优点是它可准确的复制表面(即便是深窄型腔也可完成复制)及其尺寸精度，并可用一个模型制作成几个相同的型腔。其缺点是较费时间，成本也较高。 1.3.3 快速原型法和快速制模(RP/RT)技术 快速原型法是一种基于离散和堆积原理的制造技术。它将零件的CAD 模型按一定的方式离散，成为可加工的离散面、离散线和离散点，而后采用物理或化学手段，将这些离散的面、线段和点堆积而形成零件的整体形状，具体的方法是:依据零件的三维CAD 模型，经过格式转换后，对其分层切片，得到各层截面的轮廓形状，然后用激光束选择性地固化一层层的液态光敏树脂，或切割一层层的纸或金属箔片，或烧结一层层的粉末材料，以及 用喷射源选择性地喷射一层层的蒙古结剂或热熔性材料，形成各截面的轮廓形状，再逐步叠加 成三维立体零件。 16 1.4 模具材料表面处理技术 主要趋势是:由渗入单一元素向多元素共渗、复合渗(如TD 法)发展;由一般扩散向CVD 、PVD 、PCVD 、离子渗入、离子注入等方向发展;可采用的镀膜有TiC 、TiN 、TiCN 、TiAlN 、CrN 等，同时热处理手段由大气热处理向真空热处理发展。 另外，目前对激光强化、辉光离子氮化技术及电镀(刷镀)防腐强化等技术也日益受到重视。 1.5 模具检测设备及逆向工程 随着精密、复杂、大型模具的发展，对检测设备的要求越来越高。现在精密模具的精度 己达2～3μm ，目前国内厂家使用较多的有意大利、美国、日本等国的高精度三坐标测量机，并具有数字化扫描功能。如东风汽车模具厂拥有意大利产3250mm×3250mm 三坐标测量机和数码摄影光学扫描仪，率先在国内采用数码摄影、光学扫描作为空间三维信息的获得手段，实现了从测量实物、建立数学模型、输出工程图纸到模具制造的全过程，成功实现了逆向工程技术的开发和应用。 1.6 现代模具产业的发展趋势 （1）模具CAD/CAE/CAM 正向集成化、三维化、智能化和网络化方向发展。 模具 CAD/CAE/CAM 技术是模具设计、制造技术的发展方向，模具和工件的检测数字化、模具软件功能集成化、模具设计、分析及制造的三维化、模具产业的逆向工程以及模具软件应用 的网络化是主趋势。 （2）模具制造向精密、高效、复合和多功能方向发展 精密数控电火花加工机床〈电火花成形机床、快走丝线切割和慢走丝线切割机床)不断在加工效率、精度和复合加工上取得突破，国外已经将电火花铣削用于模具加工。 （3）快速经济制模技术得到应用 快速制模主要从以下四方面加快制模速度:一是提高 加工速度(如高速镜削) ;二是基于快速原型的快速制模技术;三是选择易切削模具材料 (如铝合金)来加快制模速度;四是采用复合加工、多轴加工提高加工效率。 （4）特种加工技术有了进一步的发展 17 电火花加工向着精密化、微细化方向发展。在简化电极准备、简化编程和操作、提高加工速度以及不断降低设备制造成本上也做了大量研究和实践。 （5）模具自动加工系统的研制和发展 随着各种新技术的迅速发展，国外己出现了模具自动加工系统。这也应是中国的长远发展目标。模具自动加工系统应有如下特征:多台机床合理组合;配有随行定位夹具或定位盘;有完整的机具、刀具数控库;有完整的数控柔性同步系统;有质量监测控制系统。 （6）模具材料及表面处理技术发展迅速 在模具材料方面，一大批专用于不同成形工艺的模具材料相继问世并投入使用。在模具表面处理方面，其主要趋势是:由渗入单一元素向多元素共渗、复合渗(如TD 法)发展;由一般扩散向CVD 、PVD 、PCVD 、离子渗入、离子注入等方向发展;同时热处理手段由大气热处理向真空热处理发展。另外，目前激光强化、辉光离子氮化技术及电镀(刷镀)防腐强化等技术也日益受到重视。