1990考研英语一真题(含答案解析)

1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

Section I Close Test

For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled ［A］, ［B］, ［C］, and ［D］. Choose the best one and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. Read the whole passage before making your choice. (10 points)

①No one knows for sure what the world would be like in the year 2001.②Many books have been written

1 the future.③But the 19th-century French novelist Jules Verne may be called a futurologist in the fullest

2 of the word. ④In his fantastic novels “A Trip to the Moon” and “80 Days Around the World,” he described with detail the aeroplane and even the helicopter.⑤These novels still have a great attraction

3 young readers of today because of their bold imagination and scientific accuracy.

⑥Below is a description of what our life will be in the year 2001 as predicted by a 4 writer.

⑦In 2001, in the home, cookers will be set so that you can cook a complete meal at the touch of a switch.

⑧Television will provide information on prices at the 5 shops as well as news and entertainment.⑨Videophones will bring pictures as well as 6 to telephone conversations.

⑩Machines will control temperature, lighting, entertainment, security alarms, laundry and gardening.

○11Lighting will provide decoration as well as wallpaper.

○12At work, robots will take7 most jobs in the manufacturing industries. ○13Working hours will fall to under 30 hours a week. ○14Holidays will get longer; six weeks will be the normal annual holiday. ○15Men and women will retire at the same age.

○16Our leisure will be different too. ○17The home will become the center of entertainment through television and electronic games. ○18More people will eat out in restaurants 8 they do today; also they will have a much wider variety of food available. ○19There will be a change of taste towards a more savoury-flavored menu. ○20New synthetic foods will form a 9 part of people’s diets.

○21Foreign travel will 10 ; winter holidays will become more popular than summer ones. ○22Also non-stop flights from Britain to Australia and New Zealand will be easily available and much cheaper. ○23 Education will become increasingly more important than ever before.（321 words）

1. ［A］in ［B］of ［C］about ［D］for

2. ［A］sense ［B］meaning ［C］detail ［D］implication

3. ［A］for ［B］of ［C］on ［D］towards

4. ［A］today ［B］nowadays ［C］present-day ［D］present

5. ［A］near ［B］nearby ［C］nearly ［D］nearer

6. ［A］noise ［B］sound ［C］tone ［D］tune

7. ［A］to ［B］away ［C］off ［D］over

8. ［A］than ［B］as ［C］when ［D］while

9. ［A］usual ［B］popular ［C］daily ［D］regular

10.［A］add ［B］increase ［C］raise ［D］arise

Section II Reading Comprehension

Each of the two passages below is followed by five questions. For each question there are four answers. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (10 points)

Text 1

①In May 1989, space shuttle “Atlantis” released in outer space the space probe “Megallan,” which is now on her 15-month and one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus. ②A new phase in space exploration has begun.

①The planet Venus is only slightly smaller than Earth; it is the only other object in the solar system, in fact, that even comes close to earth’s size. ②Venus has a similar density, so it is probably made of approximately the same stuff, and it has an atmosphere, complete with clouds. ③It is also the closest planet to earth, and thus the most similar in distance from the sun. ④In short, Venus seems to justify its long-held nickname of “earth’s twin.”

①The surface temperature of Venus reaches some 900F. ②Added to that is an atmospheric pressure about 90 times Earth’s: High overhead in the carbon dioxide (CO2) that passes for air is a layer of clouds, perhaps 10 to 20 miles thick, whose little drops consist mostly of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). ③Water is all but nonexistent.

①Born with so many fundamental similarities to earth, how did Venus get to be so radically different: It is not just an academic matter. ②For all its extremes, Venus is a valuable laboratory for researchers studying the weather and climate of earth. ③It has no earth’s oceans, so the heat transport and other mechanisms are greatly simplified.

④In addition, the planet Venus takes 243 earth-days to turn once on its axis, so incoming heat from the sun is added and distributed at a more leisurely, observable pace.

11. Venus is similar to Earth in ________.

[A] size and density

[B] distance from the sun

[C] having atmosphere

[D] all of the above

12. The greatest value in studying Venus

should be to ________.

[A] allow us to visit there

[B] understand Earth better

[C] find a new source of energy

[D] promote a new space program

13. The main idea of this passage is about

________.

[A] problems of space travel

[B] scientific methods in space exploration

[C] the importance of Venus to Earth

[D] conditions on Venus

Text 2

①Tourists were surprised to see a woman driving a huge orange tractor down one of Rome’s main avenues.

②Italy’s political leaders and some of its male union chiefs are said to have been even more puzzled to see that the tractor was followed by about 200,000 women in a parading procession that took more than three hours to snake