2015年度全国职称英语等级考试试题

2015年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类（C）级试题

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1、This was an unexceptionally brutal attack.

A．open

B．sudden

C．cruel

D．direct

2、The frame needs to be strong enough to support the engine.

A．bottom

B．surface

C．top

D．structure

3、Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8：00 and 9：00 in the morning.

A．border

B．goal

C．level

D．peak

4、she came across three children sleeping under a bridge.

A．passed by

B．found by chance

C．took a notice of

D．woke up

5、She gets aggressive when she is drunk.

A．worried

B．sleepy

C．anxious

D．offensive

6、I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at me. A．threw

B．broke

C．stretched

D．seized

7、I tried to detach myself the reality of these terrible events. A．separate

B．bring

C．put

D．set

更多题型，题库到《天宇考王官网》下载。

8、It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already. A．right

B．obvious

C．unbelievable

D．unclear

9、"There is no other choice," she said in a harsh voice. A．unkind

B．firm

C．soft

D．deep

10、We found shelter from the rain under the trees. A．defense

B．standing

C．room

D．protection

11、The odd thing was that he didn't recognize me. A．strange

B．real

C．whole

D．same

12、That performance was pretty impressive.

A．completely

B．beautifully

C．very

D．equally

13、We have to change the public's perception that money is everything.

A．sight

B．interest

C．belief

D．pressure

14、He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.

A．attracted

B．taught

C．kept

D．changed

15、I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.

A．at

B．about

C．with

D．from

参考答案：1-5 AACAA 6-10BDCDC 11-15 ACBDD

更多题型，题库到《天宇考王官网》下载。

第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Kicking the Habit

What is a bad habit? The most definition is that it is something that we do regularly, almost without thinking about it, and which has some sort of negative consequence. This consequence

could affect those around us, or it could affect us personally. Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human.

Many early habits, like sucking out thumb, are broken when we are very young. We are either told to stop doing it by our parents, or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit, and we gradually grow out of it. It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem. Unless we can break that habit early on, it becomes a part of out life, and becomes

―programmed‖ into our brain.

A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits, it is the old ways that tend to win, especially in situations where we are rushed, stressed or overworked. Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back. During the study program, the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them. They then showed the volunteers the same picture again, and gave them new words to associate with them.

A few days later, the volunteers were given a test. The researchers showed them the pictures, and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one. It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and second. Two weeks later, they were given the same test again. This time, most of them only gave the first set of words. They appeared to have completely forgotten the second set.

The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time. We may try to change our ways, but after a while, the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned. The more that response is used, the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in any other way.

The study therefore suggests that over time, our bad habits also become automatic, learned behavior. This is not good news for people who pick up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them. Even when we try to put new, good intentions into practice, those previous learned habits remain stronger in more automatic, unconscious forms of memory.

16. Boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. Bad habits may return when we are under pressure.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. Researchers were surprised by the answer that the volunteers gave in the first test.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. The volunteers found the test more difficult when they did it the second time.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

21. The study suggests that it is more difficult to respond what to get rid of.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. If we develop bad habits early in life, they are harder to get rid of.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

参考答案：C、B、A、B、C 、B、A

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最佳标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Pedestrians Only?

1 The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time. During the Middle Ages, traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and, more importantly, safety. As far back as 2,000 years ago, road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians (行人) and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day. In most other cities, however, pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses, coaches and, later, with cars and other motorised vehicles.

2 The modern, traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s, when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly. Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience. Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets, and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.

3 At first, there was resistance from shopkeepers. They believed that such a move would be bad for business. They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars. When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic, there were even noisy demonstrations, as many shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.

4 However, research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics. In Munich, Cologne and Hamburg, visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent. On Copenhagen's main shopping street, shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent. Shopkeepers in Minneapolis, the USA. were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.

5 With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street, many shops, especially those selling things like clothes, food and smaller luxury items, prospered. Unfortunately, it wasn’t good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances (电器) actually saw their sates drop. Many of these were forced to move elsewhere, away from the city centre.

23. Paragraph 1________

24. Paragraph 2________

25. Paragraph 3________

26. Paragraph 4________

A Facing protests from shop owners

B An experiment that went wrong

C Increase in sales and customers

D Popularity of online shopping

E A need for change

F An idea from ancient history

27. Traffic-free shopping streets first developed in________.

28. In the 1960s, dirty gases from cars made shopping________.

29. Shopkeepers mistakenly believed the car-free streets would keep away________.

30. The arrival of the traffic-free shopping street made many ________ lose their business.

A furniture sellers

B a bad experience

C Middle Eastern countries

D customers

E North America

F pedestrians

参考答案: 23.F 24.E 25.A 26.C

27.C 28.B 29.D 30.A

第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇

An Expensive Mistake

Is there water on the planet Mars? Is there life on Mars? Was there ever life on Mars? Scientists from NASA wanted to know the answers to these questions. They built a spacecraft to travel around Mars and get information. The spacecraft was called the Mars Climate Orbiter.

The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars in December 1998. The trip took nine and a half months. At first, everything was fine. However, when the Orbiter got near Mars, something terrible happened. The spacecraft didn’t go to the rig ht place. It went too close to Mars. It was too hot for the Orbiter there. The spacecraft couldn’t function correctly. Suddenly, it stopped sending message to NASA. The Orbiter was lost.

How could this terrible thing happen? How did the Orbiter get closer to Mars than the scientists planned? Finally, they found the answer. Two teams of scientists worked together on the Orbiter. One team was in England, and one team was in the United States. There were many similarities in the way they worked, but there was one important difference: The teams used different guidelines for measuring things. The United States team used the metric system(公制). The other team used the English system.

Because they used different systems, the scientists made a mathematical mistake. The Orbiter’s orbit (the shape and pattern of its path) around Mars was not correct. The scientists put the Orbiter on the wrong path. The Orbiter got too close and too hot, and it stopped functioning.

Why didn’t anybody see the mistake before it was too late? Many things contributed to the problem. One thing was that NASA scientists and mathematicians were working on two other spacecrafts at the same time. This was a challenge, and they were very tired from working long hours.

The Mars Climate Orbiter cost $94 million to build. It also cost a lot of money to try to find the lost Orbiter in space. In addition, NASA’s research on the cause of the problem was very expensive. This wasn’t the first time that two different measurement systems caused mista kes in scientific projects. However, the Mars Climate Orbiter was definitely the most expensive mistake of all!

31 NASA built the Mars Climate Orbiter to get information about___.

A. the size of Mars

B. possible life on Mars

C. the shape of mars

D. the atmosphere of Mars

32 How long did it take the Orbiter to get close to Mars?

A. One year.

B. Less than one year.

C. About two and a half years.

D. More than three years.

33 When did the Orbiter’s problem begin?

A. Right after if left for Mars.

B. Right after it landed on Mars.

C. When it got near Mars.

D. When it returned to Earth.

34 Wh at caused the Orbiter’s problem?

A. Scientists used wrong guidelines of mathematics.

B. Scientists used wrong building materials.

C. Scientists used different operating systems.

D. Scientists used different measurement systems.

35 Why didn’t NAS A scientists identify the problem before the Orbiter left for Mars?

A. They didn’t know the English system.

B. They were sure of the success of the trip.

C. They were tired from working long hours.

D. They didn’t get enough research funding.

参考答案: 31.B 32.B 33.C 34.D 35.C

第二篇

The Development of Ballet

Ballet is a dance form that has a long history. The fact that it survives to this day shows that it has adjusted as times have changed.

Ballet began in the royal courts during the Renaissance. At that time it became common for kings and queens, as well as other nobility, to participate in pageants that included music, poetry, and dance. As these entertainments moved from the Italian courts to the French ones, court ladies began participating in them. Though their long dresses prevented much movement, they were able to perform elaborate walking patterns. It was not until the 1600s that women dancers shortened their skirts, changed to flat shoes, and began doing some of the leaps and turns performed by men.

It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance. The five basic feet positions from which all ballet steps begin were finalized. In the late 1700s another important change occurred. Ballet began to tell a story on its own. It was no longer simply dance to be performed between acts of plays. Elaborate wigs and costumes were eliminated. By the early 1800s dancers learned to rise on their toes to make it appear that they were floating.

Classical ballet as we know it today was influenced primarily by Russian dancing. The Russians remained interested in ballet when it declined in other European countries in the

mid-1800s. One of the most influential figures of the early 20th century was Sergei Diaghilev. His dance company, the Ballets Russees, brought a new energy and excitement to ballet. One of his chief assistants, George Balanchine, went on to found the New York City Ballet in 1948 and to influence new generations of dancers.

36 This passage deals mainly with _____.

A famous names in ballet

B Russian ballet

C how ballet has developed

D why ballet is no longer popular

37 The word pageants in paragraph 2 means _____.

A dances

B instructors

C royal courts

D big shows

38 Professional ballet was first performed in_____.

A France

B Italy

C Russia

D America

39 Who had an important influence on early ballet?

A Balanchine.

B Antoinette.

C Louis XIV.

D Diaghilev.

40 We can conclude from this passage that ballet _____.

A will continue to change as new people and ideas influence it

B is a dying art

C is currently performed only in Russia

D is often performed by dancers with little training

参考答案: 36.C 37.D 38.A 39.C 40.A

第三篇

Operation Migration

If you look up at the sky in the early fall in the northern part of North America, you may see groups of birds. These birds are flying south to places where they can find food and warmth for the winter. They are migrating(迁徙). The young birds usually learn to migrate from their parents. They follow their parents south. In one unusual case, however, the young birds are following something very different. These birds are young whooping cranes, and they are following an airplane!

The whooping crane is the largest bird that is native to North America. These birds almost disappeared in the 1800s. By 1941, there were only about 20 cranes alive. In the 1970s, people were worried that these creatures were in danger of disappearing completely. As a result, the United States identified whooping cranes as an endangered species that they needed to protect.

Some researchers tried to help. They began to breed whooping cranes in special parks to increase the number of birds. This plan was successful. There were a lot of new baby birds. As the birds became older, the researchers wanted to return them to nature. However, there was a problem: These young birds did not know how to migrate. They needed human help.

In 2001, some people had a creative idea. They formed an organization called Operation Migration. This group decided to use very light airplanes, instead of birds, to lead the young whooping cranes on their first trip south. They painted each airplane to look like a whooping crane. Even the pilots wore special clothing to make them look like cranes. The cranes began to trust the airplanes, and the plan worked.

Today, planes still lead birds across approximately 1,200 miles (1,931 kilometers), from the United States-Canadian border to the Gulf of Mexico. They leave the birds at different sites. If a trip is successful, the birds can travel on their own in the future. Then, when these birds become parents, they will teach their young to migrate. The people of Operation Migration think this is the only way to maintain the whooping crane population.

Operation Migration works with several other organizations and government institutes. Together, they assist hundreds of cranes each year. However, some experts predict that soon, this won’t be necessary. Thanks to Operation Migration and its partners, the crane population will continue to migrate. Hopefully, they won’t need human help any more.

41 Whooping cranes migrate in winter to ____.

A raise baby whooping cranes

B get human help

C find warmth and food

D lay eggs

42 Whooping cranes are native to ____.

A Mexico

B South America

C the Persian Gulf

D North America

43 Operation Migration aims to ____.

A lead young cranes on their first trip south

B teach adult cranes how to fly

C breed cranes in special parks

D transport cranes to the North

44 The distance covered by the young whooping cranes on their trip south is ____.

A 1,200 miles

B 120 miles

C 1,931 miles

D 2,000 miles

45 If Operation Migration is successful, whooping cranes will ____.

A follow airplanes south every year

B learn to migrate on their own

C live in Canada all year around

D be unable to fly back

参考答案: 41.C 42.D 43.A 44.A 45.B

第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

A Doctor in the House

Brushing your teeth twice a day should keep the dentist away. But if a group of scientific researchers have their wish, it will make the rest of your body healthy too. ____46____ It is one of many gadgets (小装置) proposed by engineers and doctors at the Center for Future Health in New York ― others include a pair of glasses that help to jog your memory, and a home camera designed to check for cancer.

The devices seem fanciful, but the basic principles are simple. The gadgets should make it easy for people to detect illness long before it strikes and so seek treatment far earlier than normal. ____47____ In the long run, the technology may even prevent illness by encouraging us to lead

healthier lives.

Intelligent bandages (绷带) are a good example. Powerful sensors within the bandage could quickly identify tiny amounts of bacteria in a wound and determine which antibiotics (抗生索) would work best. ____48____

Socks are long overdue for a makeover. In the future they will be able to automatically detect the amount of pressure in your foot and alert you when an ulcer (溃疡) is coming up.

All the projects should have far-reaching implications, but the biggest single development is a melanoma (黑瘤) monitor designed to give early warnings of cancer. ____49 ____ If a problem is found, the system would advise you to get a check-up at your doctor’s surgery.

If all this sounds troublesome, then help is at hand. ____50____ A standard computer would be able to understand your voice and answer questions about your symptoms In plain English and in a way which would calm your nerves.

A. Experts are also working on a ―digital doctor‖ complete with a comforting bedside manner.

B. Instead of relying on hi-tech hospitals, the emphasis is shifted to the home and easy-to-use gadgets.

C. The cut could then be treated instantly, so avoiding possible complications.

D. That is going to be the difficult part.

E. The device could be used to take a picture of your body each week, then compare it with previous images.

F. A toothbrush that checks blood sugar and bacteria while you brush is currently in development in USA

参考答案: 46.F 47.B 48.C 49. E 50.A

第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Global Warming

Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world’s climate. Many scientists ______ (1) the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase ______ (2) the world’s temperatures and are convinced that, more than ______ (3) before, the earth is at ______ (4) from the forces of the wind, rain and sun. ______ (5) to them, global warming is making extreme weather events, ______ (6) as hurricanes and droughts, even more ______ (7) and causing sea levels all around the world to ______ (8).

Environmental groups are putting ______ (9) on governments to take action to reduce the

______ (10) of carbon dioxide which is given ______ (11) by factories and power plants, thus attacking the problem at its source. They are in ______ (12) of more money being spent on research into solar, wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power

______ (13)

Some scientists, ______ (14), believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and

other gases into the atmosphere tomorrow, we would have to wait ______ (15) hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is here to stay.

51. A. position B. practice C. blame D. question

52. A. at B. by C. in D. about

53. A. when B. where C. what D. that

54. A. threat B. danger C. harm D. risk

55. A. it B. them C. these D. those

56. A. just B. even C. such D. well

57. A. strict B. stable C. severe D. silent

58. A. raise B. fall C. lift D. rise

59. A. facing B. putting C. keeping D. reducing

60. A. deal B. amount C. number D. count

61. A. thus B. yet C. but D. and

62. A. belief B. favour C. request D. suggestion

63. A. change B. build C. fill D. replace

64. A. there fore B. however C. although D. despite

65. A. hear B. notice C. guess D. apply

答案：DCDDB CCDBB ABDBB

2013年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类（B）级试题

第1部分：词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1 She came across three children sleeping under a bridge.

A passed by

B took a notice of

C woke up

D found by chance

2 It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.

A right

B obvious

C unbelievable

D unclear

3 He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.

A attracted

B taught

C kept

D changed

4 She gets aggressive when she is drunk.

A worried

B offensive

C sleepy

D anxious

5 I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.

A at

B with

C about

D from

6 These animals migrate south annually in search of food.

A explore

B inhabit

C prefer

D travel

7 There was something peculiar in the way he smiles.

A different

B wrong

C strange

D funny

8 Make sure the table is securely anchored.

A repaired

B fixed

C cleared

D booked

9 As a politician, he knows how to manipulate public opinion.

A influence

B express

C divide

D voice

10 He paused, waiting for her to digest the information.

A withhold

B exchange

C understand

D contact

11 The rules are too regid to allow for human error.

A general

B inflexible

C complex

D direct

12 Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.

A send

B hear

C confirm

D spread

13 Come out, or I'll bust the door down.

A break

B shut

C set

D beat

14 The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.

A naked

B blind

C cautious

D private

15 The contract between the two companies will expire soon.

A shorten

B start

C end

D resume

参考答案:

1.B

2.C

3.B

4.B

5.D

6.D

7.A

8.A

9.C 10.D 11.C 12.D 13.A 14.B 15.B

第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Kicking the Habit

What is a bad habit? The most definition is that it is something that we do regularly, almost without thinking about it, and which has some sort of negative consequence. This consequence could affect those around us, or it could affect us personally. Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human.

Many early habits, like sucking out thumb, are broken when we are very young. We are either told to stop doing it by our parents, or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit, and we gradually grow out of it. It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem. Unless we can break that habit early on, it becomes a part of out life, and becomes

―programmed‖ into our brain.

A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change out habits, it is the old ways that tend to win, especially in situations where we are rushed, stressed or overworked. Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back. During the study program, the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them. They then showed the volunteers the same picture again, and gave them new words to associate with them.

A few days later, the volunteers were given a test. The researchers showed them the pictures, and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one. It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and second. Two weeks later, they were given the same test again. This time, most of them only gave the first set of words. They appeared to have completely forgotten the second set.

The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time. We may try to change out ways, but after a while, the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned. The more that response is used, the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in any other way.

The study therefore suggests that over time, our bad habits also become automatic, learned behavior. This is not good news for people who pick up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them. Even when we try to put new, good intentions into practice, those previous learned habits remain stronger in more automatic, unconscious forms of memory.

16. Boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. Bad habits may return when we are under pressure.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. Researchers were surprised by the answer that the volunteers gave in the first test.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. The volunteers found the test more difficult when they did it the second time.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

21. The study suggests that it is more difficult to respond what to get rid of.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. If we develop bad habits early in life, they are harder to get rid of.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

参考答案：16.C、17.B、18.A、19.B、20.C 、21.B、22.A 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最佳标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Traffic Jams—No End in Sight

1 Traffic congestion(拥堵)affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U.S., commuters (通勤人员) spend an average of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.

2 The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing.

3 Another way to reduce rush—hour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.

4 Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets. But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them.

5 Other, more forward—thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some$7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies. But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the$50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.

23. Paragraph 1________

24. Paragraph 2________

25. Paragraph 3________

26. Paragraph 4________

A Not doing enough

B A global problem

C Changing work practice

D A solution which is no solution

E Paying to get in

F Closing city centres to traffic

27. Most American drivers think it convenient to______.

28. If charged high enough, some drivers may______ to enter certain parts of town.

29. Building more roads is not an effective way to______.

30. The U. S. government has planned to ______ updating public-transport systems.

A go by bus

B encourage more private cars

C drive around

D spend more money

E reduce traffic jams

F travel regularly

参考答案：23. A 24. E 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. E 30. D

第4部分：阅读理解(第31~45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇

Operation Migration

If you look up at the sky in the early fall in the northern part of North America, you may see groups of birds. These birds are flying south to places where they can find food and warmth for the winter. They are migrating(迁徙). The young birds usually learn to migrate from their parents. They follow their parents south. In one unusual case, however, the young birds are following something very different. These birds are young whooping cranes, and they are following an airplane!

The whooping crane is the largest bird that is native to North America. These birds almost disappeared in the 1800s. By 1941, there were only about 20 cranes alive. In the 1970s, people were worried that these creatures were in danger of disappearing completely. As a result, the United States identified whooping cranes as an endangered species that they needed to protect.

Some researchers tried to help. They began to breed whooping cranes in special parks to

increase the number of birds. This plan was successful. There were a lot of new baby birds. As the birds became older, the researchers wanted to return them to nature. However, there was a problem: These young birds did not know how to migrate. They needed human help.

In 2001, some people had a creative idea. They formed an organization called Operation Migration. This group decided to use very light airplanes, instead of birds, to lead the young whooping cranes on their first trip south. They painted each airplane to look like a whooping crane. Even the pilots wore special clothing to make them look like cranes. The cranes began to trust the airplanes, and the plan worked.

Today, planes still lead birds across approximately 1,200 miles (1,931 kilometers), from the United States-Canadian border to the Gulf of Mexico. They leave the birds at different sites. If a trip is successful, the birds can travel on their own in the future. Then, when these birds become parents, they will teach their young to migrate. The people of Operation Migration think this is the only way to maintain the whooping crane population.

Operation Migration works with several other organizations and government institutes. Together, they assist hundreds of cranes each year. However, some experts predict that soon, this won’t be necessary. Thanks to Operation Migration and its partners, th e crane population will continue to migrate. Hopefully, they won’t need human help any more.

41 Whooping cranes migrate in winter to____.

A. find warmth and food

B. raise baby whooping cranes

C. get human help

D. lay eggs

42 Whooping cranes are native to____.

A. North America

B. Mexico

C. South America

D. the Persian Gulf

43 Operation migration aims to____.

A. teach adult cranes how to fly

B. breed cranes in special parks

C. lead young cranes on their first trip south

D. transport cranes to the north

44 The distance covered by the young whooping cranes on their trip south is____.

A.120 miles

B.1931 miles

C.1200 miles

D.2000 miles

45 If operation migration is successful, whooping cranes will____.

A. learn to migrate on their own

B. follow airplanes south every year

C. live in Canada all year round

D. be unable to fly back

参考答案: 41.A 42.A 43.C 44.C 45.A

第二篇

―Lucky‖ Lord Lucan—Alive or Dead

On 8th November 1974 Lord Lucan, a British aristocrat, vanished. The day before, his children’s nanny had been brutally murdered and his wife had been attacked too. To this day the British public are still interested in the murder case because Lucan has never been found. Now, over 30 years later, the police have reopened the case, hoping the new DNA techniques will help solve the murder mystery.

People suspected that ―Lucky‖, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.

What happened next is unclear, but there are several theories which fall into one of three categories: he may have killed himself, he could have escaped or he might have been killed. It appears that the night after the murder, ―Lucky‖ borrowed a car and drove it, Lucan’s friend Aspinall said in an interview that he thought Lucan had committed suicide by sinking his boat in the English Channel.

Another version of events says that ―Lucky‖ left the blood-soaked car on the coast and took a ferry to France. He was met there by someone who drove him safety in another country. However, after a time, his rescuers became worried that they would become involved in the murder too and so Lucan was killed.

A further fascinating theory was made in the book Dead Lucky by Duncan MacLaughlin, a former detective. He believes that Lucan travelled to Goa, India, where he assumed the identity of a Mr. Barry Haplin. Lucan then lived in Goa till his death in 1996. In the end the claim turned out to be a case of mistaken identity. The man who died in 1996 was really Haplin, an

ex-schoolteacher turned hippy. So what is the truth about ―Lucky‖? DNA testing has solved m any murder cases, but who knows if it can close the book on the one.

36 The public are still interested in the investigation because ____.

A. of the terrible murder

B. of the use of new DNA techniques

C. Lord Lucan has never been found(the murderer has not been caught)

D. lord Lucan was famous

37 It is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because ____.

A. she was looking after the children

B. she was a friend of Lucan’s

C. it was dark and he thought she was lady Lucan(she was mistaken for his wife)

D. lord Lucan thought the nanny stole his car

38 Aspinall thought Lucan killed himself by ____.

A. jumping into water

B. jumping out of his house

C. sailing his boat

D. sinking his boat

39 Lucan could have been killed because people ____.

A. didn’t want the police to catch him

B. thought he might talk to the police about them if he was caught(has escaped but was killed later)

C. were unhappy with him

D. thought he was rich

40 The word ―assumed‖ in paragraph 5 means----took on

(教材题目)Ex-detective MacLaughlin claimed that Mr. Barry Haplin ____.

A. was an old schoolteacher

B. died in Goa, India

C. was really Lord Lucan in disguise

D. was a merchant

参考答案: 36.C 37.C 38.D 39.B 40. Took on

第三篇

On the Trial of the Honey Badger

On a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learn a lot more about honey badgers. The team employed a local wildlife expert Kitso Khama to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert.

Their main aim was to study the badgers’ movements and behavior as discreetly(谨慎地) as possible without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behavior. They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them in view of the animal’s reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do.

―The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new,‖ he says. ―That, combined with their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture. If they sense you have food, for example, they won’t be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat. They’re actually quite sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious(凶恶的). Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen.‖

The research confirmed many things that were already known. As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill. Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them. The researchers were surprised, however, by the animal’s

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注：表中“县及县以下所属单位专业人员”是指考生工作单位所在地属县或县以下管辖（不含区，但含行政区辖的乡镇单位）。 四、报考流程 本次考试实行全国统一网上报名。考生网上报名地址为：中国人事考试网 网上信息填报和网上缴费时间：2014年12月8日9:00-2015年1月19日17:00。考试收费标准按照广东省物价局《关于调整职称考试收费标准的复函》（粤价函〔2001〕237号）规定，考务费按每人60元收取。 报名流程如下： 1.用户注册和填报信息。首次登陆报名网站的考生请按网站要求进行注册（联系电话必须为本人，以便及时接收信息）。已完成注册的考生请直接登陆系统填写报考信息。属于省直或省属单位（单位名称冠“广东省”或在省或国家工商行政管理局注册企业）、中央驻穗单位、驻穗部队单位人员，在网上报名时请选择省直。各市市属单位人员请按属地原则，选择所属地市。 2.上传照片。从2015年起，考生不需提交纸质照片。考生在报名网站注册上传的电子照片务必真实，此照片供制作准考证和成绩通知书使用，一经上传不得修改，请考生确认后再上传。 考生在注册上传照片前，必须预先使用证件照片审核处理工具软件进行照片审核处理，只有通过审核处理后新生成的报名照片才能被报名系统识别。请务必在报名网站下载该软件，并使用该软件自行对上传的报名照片进行预先处理。照片要求：本人近半年来免冠大一寸正面证件照片，红、蓝或白色背景，JPG或JPEG 格式（文件大于30K，像素大于300*215）。 3.报名信息确认。考生填报信息、上传照片后进行报名信息确认，并下载打印《2015年度全国职称外语等级统一考试报名表》（以下简称《报名表》）。考生在点击报名信息确认前，务必认真核对个人信息，一旦确认将不能修改。报名结束后系统不再支持《报名表》下载和打印。 4.广东省统一实行网上缴费，缴费成功即完成报名，考后不需提交报考材料。逾期不缴费，视为放弃报名。 5.报名结束后，考生应及时将《报名表》交所在单位人事部门审核、盖章后自行留存。 五、考试 （一）网上缴费成功的考生可于 2015年3月23日 9:00-3月27日 17:00登陆中国人事考试网下载并打印准考证。考试时考生必须携带本人有效居民身份证原件、准考证参加考试，两证缺一不可。 本次考试全省统一实行“裸考”，即考试用具由考点统一提供，考生只需携带有效居民身份证原件、准考证、一本正式出版的通用外语词典（词典必须具有ISBN 国际标准书号，不得携带复印件、电子词典以及专门为职称外语考试编写的词典）。严禁携带手表、手机、耳机、笔、橡皮、削笔刀等物品进入考室、考座（考试规则以准考证标注为准）。 （二）考试期间，考生不得提前交卷、退场。

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