华南理工《大学英语B(二)》模拟试题和答案201809
大学英语B（二）答案在最后
模拟试题
I. Vocabulary and Structures (20 points)
Directions:In each of the following sentences, there are 4 choices marked A), B), C), and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes each sentence.
1. You will have no difficulty ____ the problem if you pay much attention to it.
A．solving B．with C．solve D．solves
2. After ________ series of unsuccessful attempts, he has finally passed the driving test.
A．/B．a C．the D.an
3. Dogs have a very good ______ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in the earth quake.
A．sense B．view C．meaning D. idea
4. Don’t blame him too much! _______, he is a child of
5.
A．After all B．At all C．In all D．Above all
5. Do you agree to the idea that success can be measured ________ money alone?
A．in case of B．in terms of C．in the opinion of D．in favor of
6. Some girls like to sit in a corner and ______ gossip.
A．organize B．swap C．forecast D．persuade
7. Babies are not born with the moral sense; they cannot tell __ difference between right and wrong.
A．/ B． a C．an D. the
8. Not knowing how to grow crops，the primitive people had no ______ but to gather the fruit and hunt animals for food.
A．conception B．command C．virtue D．alternative
9. --How do you find the film?
--Oh, excellent. It’s worth__________ once again.
A．seen B．to see C．seeing D．of seeing
10. We can’t afford _____ such a high price .
A．to pay B．paid C．pay D．pays
11. The old photos ______me of my childhood.
A．remember B．recall C．remind D．Repeat
12. The man lay there, _________with a bad pain.
A．scream B．giggling C．screaming D．Humming
13. Maybe if I________ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A．studied B．would study C．had studied D．was studying
14. Tom is good at ______ football.
A．playing B．play C．plays D．to play
15. Mr. Li, with his wife and son, often ________ to Ganshan for skiing in winter.
A．go B．went C．going D．goes
16. Not only Tom but also his parents __________a walk in the park.
A．am taking B．is taking C．are taking D．takes
17. _______ a report, some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years.
A．According to B．Apart from C．In addition to D．Despite
18. Scientists in some countries have done a lot of work to _____ the moon.
A．cover B．search C．explode D．explore
19. The manager demanded that the report of the committee be printed without any .
A．consequence B．delay C．deadline D．commitment
20. Mr. Smith is the only one of those foreigners who ______ in China．
A．work B．is working C．are working D．had working
II. Reading Comprehension (45 points)
Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions. For each question there are 4 choices marked A), B), C), and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes each sentence.
Passage 1
My father was a foreman of a sugar-cane plantation in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. My first job was to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields. I would walk behind an ox, guiding him with a broomstick. For $1 a day, I worked eight hours straight, with no food breaks.
It was very tedious work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons. Because the plantation owners were always watching us, I had to be on time every day and work as hard as I could. I’ve never been late for any job since. I also learned about being respectful and faithful to the people you work for. More importantly, I earned my pay, it never entered my mind to say I was sick just because I didn’t want to work.
I was only six years old, but I was doing a man’s job. Our family needed every dollar we could make because my father never earned more than $18 a week. Our home was a three-room wood shack with a dirty floor and no toilet. Nothing made me prouder than bringing home money to help my mother, father, two brothers and three sisters. This gave me self-esteem, one of the most important things a person could have.
When I was seven, I got work at a golf course near our house. My job was to stand down the fairway and spot the balls as they landed, so the golfers could find them. Losing a ball meant you were fired, so I never missed one. Some nights I would lie in bed and dream of making thousands of dollars by playing golf and being able to buy a
bicycle.
The more I dreamed, the more I thought. Why not? I made my first golf club out of guava limb (番石榴树枝) and a piece of pipe. Then I hammered an empty tin can into the shape of a ball. And finally I dug two small holes in the ground and hit the ball back and forth. I practiced with the same devotion and intensity. I learned working in the field--- except now I was driving golf balls with club, not oxen with a broomstick.
21. The writer’s first job was ___________.
A．to stand down the fairway at the golf course
B．to watch over the sugar-cane plantation
C．to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields
D．to spot the balls as they landed so the golfers could find them
22. The underlined word “tedious” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ___________.
A．difficult B．boring C．interesting D．unusual
23. The writer learned that ________ from his first job.
A．he should work for those who he liked most
B．he should work longer than what he was expected
C．he should never fail to say hello to his owner
D．he should show respect and faith to the people he worked for
24. ________ gave the writer self-esteem.
A．Having a family of eight people
B．Owning his own golf course
C．Bringing money back home to help the family
D．Helping his father with the work on the plantation
25. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．He wanted to be a successful golfer.
B．He wanted to run a golf course near his house.
C．He was satisfied with the job he got on a plantation.
D．He wanted to make money by guiding oxen with a broomstick.
Passage 2
Silk production has a long and colourful history unknown to most people. Scientific discoveries have shown that silk production existed in China from around 2500 B.C., although it could be much older. For hundreds of years, China kept the secret of silk to itself as one for the most closely protected secrets in history. Anyone revealing the secret of silkworms or trying to take silkworm eggs out of ancient China was punished by death.
At one time silk was reserved only for the Chinese emperor. Gradually, others began wearing silk. In addition to being used for clothing, silk came to have industrial uses in ancient China, something that happened in the West only in modern times. Silk was used to make musical instruments, fishing lines, weapons, ropes and even paper. During the Han Dynasty silk became a form of money. Farmers paid taxes in both rice and silk. The prices of goods were calculated in lengths of silk just as they had once been calculated in gold. The importance of silk is even reflected in the Chinese language. For example, of the 5000 most common Chinese characters, around 500 have silk as their “key”.
In spite of their secrecy, the Chinese eventually lost their monopoly on silk production. It reached Korea in around 200 B.C. when immigrants from China arrived there. Silk production came to India in 300 A.D.. It was not until 500 A.D. that silk production came to Europe when travellers smuggled out silkworms in hollow tubes of bamboo. These were used to establish silk industry in Rome (modern-day Italy), although Chinese silk was still considered to be the best.
Silk was brought to Rome from China by means of the Silk Road. There were actually two Silk Roads, one over land and one on the sea. The land route in particular had a huge effect in history. All sorts of trade goods — silver, gold, jade, porcelain — passed along this road. Ideas travelled the Silk Road too. For example the religion of Buddhism was carried to China from India by traders on the Silk Road. The Silk Road created the first international culture, exposing many people to the ideas and treasures of both Western and Chinese cultures.
26. How was China able to keep the secret of silk production?
A．It refused to sell its silk to other countries.
B．Foreigners were not permitted to enter China.
C．The silkworms needed were not able to survive outside China.
D．Chinese passing on the secret to foreigners were seriously punished.
27. Which of the following uses of silk is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．A way of purchasing goods people sold.
B．A material used for making different products.
C．A method of paying money to the government.
D．A valuable gift given to foreigners travelling in China.
28. In what order did silk production spread throughout the world according to the passage?
A．Europe India Korea China. B．China Korea India Europe.
C．China India Korea Europe. D．China Europe India Korea.
29. The underlined phrase “smuggled out” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.
A．quietly traded B．openly removed
C．illegally transported D．violently stole
30. Which of the following is true about the Silk Road?
A．It allowed for economic and cultural exchanges between countries.
B．It made China the most powerful country in the ancient world.
C．It could only be completed by travellers with access to a boat.
D．It was first developed for transferring religious ideas.
Passage 3
I was interested to read a newspaper article about a new concept in old people’s homes in France. The idea is simple, but revolutionary——combining a residential home for the elderly with a nursery school in the same building. The children and the residents eat lunch together and share activities. In the afternoons, the residents enjoy reading or telling stories to the children, and if a child is feeling sad or tired, there is always a kind lap to sit on and a cuddle(拥抱). There are trips out and birthday parties too.
The advantages are enormous for everyone concerned. The children are happy because they get a lot more individual attention, and respond well because someone has time for them. They see illness and death and learn to accept them. The residents are happy because they feel useful and needed. They are more active and more interested in life when the children are around and they take more interest in their appearance too.
Nowadays there is less and less contact between the old and the young. There are many reasons for this, including the breakdown of the extended family, working parents with no time to care for aging relations, families that have moved away, and smaller flats with no room for grandparents. But the result is the same——increasing numbers of
children without grandparents and old people who have no contact with children. And more old people who are lonely and feel useless, along with more and more families with young children who desperately need more support. It’s a major problem in many societies.
That’s why intergenerational programs, designed to bring the old and the young together, are growing in popularity all over the world. There are examples of successful attempts all over the world. Using young people to teach IT skills to older people is one obvious example. Using old people as volunteer assistants in schools is another, perhaps reading with children who need extra attention.
31. A nursery school is a place where _______.
A．future nurses are trained
B．the elderly live
C．children are taken care of
D．the old join in activities
32. Which is true according to the passage?
A．A number of assistants are employed to take care of the children.
B．The new concept benefits both the elderly and the children.
C．The children become stronger after getting more individual attention.
D．The children learn that sick people will die.
33. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?
A．The reason why the old and the young are separated.
B．The support children need.
C．One reason why children don’t live with their grandparents.
D．The problem that the old and the young are separated.
34. What does the “intergenerational programs” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Combining elderly homes with nursery schools.
B．Letting the children and the residents eat together.
C．Asking young people to teach IT skills to older people.
D．Using old people as volunteer assistants in schools.
35. What is the best title for the passage?
A．Old people’s Hom es in France
B．Building Bridges of Life
C．A Solution to the Elderly Problem
D．Children’s New Happy Life
III. Translation (20 points)
Direction: Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
36. After all, I’m one of the green guys: I grew up with hippie parents in a log cabin.
37. I was nine when my father first sent me flowers.
38. This kind of unconditional love is rare.
39. Nature helps us understand the essentials
40. Transportation is something that touches everyone’s life.
IV. Writing (15 points)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the given topic. You should write at least 80 words and base your composition on the Chinese outline below.
给你的美国朋友Mike 写一封e-mail，向他介绍我国传统节日春节的情况。（主要词汇：Spring Festival, traditional, decorate, on the eve of the festival, get together, set off fireworks, lucky money）
参考答案选择题
2018-华南理工大学网络教育大学语文B 随堂练习及答案
语文-随堂练习 第一章千古风骚 1.(单选题) 《诗经·采薇》是一首（） A、征战诗 B、思妇诗 C、送别诗 D、爱情诗 参考答案：A 2.(单选题) 《楚辞》作为一部诗歌总集，为西汉时期的学者________所编。（） A、屈原 B、宋玉 C、刘向 D、司马迁 参考答案：C 3.(单选题) 诗经最具代表性的章法结构是（） A．重章叠句，一唱三叹 B.层层递进 C．首尾呼应 D.赋、比、兴 参考答案：A 4.(单选题) 屈原作品中带有自传性质的长篇抒情诗是（） A、《九歌》 B、《天问》 C、《九章》 D、《离骚》 参考答案：D 5.(多选题) 《诗经》的三种表现手法是（） A．风 B. 比 C. 雅 D．赋Ｅ．兴 参考答案：BDE 6.(判断题) 诗经又叫“诗三百”，它共收有西周中叶到东周的300首歌谣。（） 参考答案：错 7.(判断题) 屈原是我国伟大的现实主义诗人，我国第一位有稽可考的诗人。（） 参考答案：错 8.(判断题) 《短歌行》发出了时光短促、人生几何的慨叹，表现出曹操的精神状态是消极颓唐的。（） 参考答案：错 9.(判断题) 《古诗十九首》是汉代无名氏的作品，且非一人一时所作，梁代萧统将其收入《文选》后才题为此名。（） 参考答案：对 10.(判断题) 汉末魏初，以曹操、曹丕、曹植父子为核心，加上孔融、王粲、刘桢、陈琳等所谓“建安七子”，创造了建安文学的辉煌。（） 参考答案：对
A、《论语》 B、《庄子》 C、《孟子》 D、《老子》 参考答案：A 2.(单选题) 《大学》最早来源于（）。 A、朱熹的《四书章句集注》 B、《礼记》 C、程颢、程颐的整理 D、《论语》 参考答案：B 3.(单选题) 下列著作中，其文汪洋恣肆，仪态万方；想象丰富，构思奇特；幽默机智，妙趣横生；辞藻瑰丽，富有诗意的是（） A、《论语》 B、《庄子》 C、《孟子》 D、《老子》 参考答案：B 4.(多选题) “大学之道，_______，______，_______。”（《大学？大学之道》） （） A．明明德 B．亲民 C．新民 D．止于至善 E．为政 参考答案：ABD 5.(判断题) 孔子把《大学》列为“四书”之首，它与《论语》、《孟子》、《中庸》一起成为儒家经典。（） 参考答案：错 6.(判断题) “富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈”的提出者是孟子。（） 参考答案：对 7.(判断题) 《山木》的“游于道德之乡”，与《逍遥游》中的“无己、无功、无名”，与自然化而为一的意思基本相同。（） 参考答案：对 8.(判断题) “知止而后有定，定而后能静，静而后能安，安而后能虑，虑而后能得。”这句使用了“顶针”的修辞手法。（） 参考答案：对
工程力学试题及答案 A
《工程力学Ⅱ》期末考试试卷 （ A 卷） （本试卷共4 页） 一、填空题（每空2分，共12分） ? 1、强度计算问题有三种：强度校核， ，确定许用载荷。 2、刚度是指构件抵抗 的能力。 3、由等值、反向、作用线不重合的二平行力所组成的特殊力系称为 ，它对物体只产生转动效应。 4、确定杆件内力的基本方法是： 。 5、若钢梁和铝梁的尺寸、约束、截面、受力均相同，则它们的内力 。 6、矩形截面梁的横截面高度增加到原来的两倍，最大正应力是原来的 倍。 二、单项选择题（每小题5分，共15分） 1、实心圆轴直径为d,所受扭矩为T ，轴内最大剪应力多大？（ ） A. 16T/πd 3 B. 32T/πd 3 C. 8T/πd 3 D. 64T/πd 3 2、两根拉杆的材料、横截面积和受力均相同，而一杆的长度为另一杆长度的两倍。下面的答案哪个正确？（ ） A. 两杆的轴向变形都相同 B. 长杆的正应变较短杆的大 C. 长杆的轴向变形较短杆的大 D. 长杆的正应力较短杆的大 3、梁的弯曲正应力（ ）。 A 、与弯矩成正比 B 、与极惯性矩成反比 C 、与扭矩成正比 D 、与轴力正比 三、判断题（每小题3分，共15分） 1、平面一般力系向一点简化，可得到主失和主矩。（ ） 2、力偶在坐标轴上的投影不一定等于零。（ ） 3、材料的弹性模量E 和泊松比μ都是表征材料弹性的常量。（ ） 题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 总分 得分 得分 阅卷人 得分 阅卷 得分 阅卷人
4、杆件变形的基本形式是：轴向拉伸、压缩、扭转、弯曲（ ） 5、外伸梁、简支梁、悬臂梁是静定梁。（ ） 四、计算题（本题满分20分） 矩形截面木梁如图所示，已知P=10kN ，a =，木材的许用应力 [ ]=10MPa 。设梁横截面的高宽比为h/b =2，试：（1）画梁的弯矩图； (2)选择梁的截面尺寸b 和h 。 五、计算题（本题满分20分） 传动轴AB 传递的功率为Nk=, 轴的转速n=360r/min.轴的直径D=3cm,d=2cm. 试：(1)计算外力偶矩及扭矩； (2)计算AC 段和BC 段轴横截面外边缘处剪应力； (3)求CB 段横截面内边缘处的剪应力。 得分 阅卷人 得分 阅卷 人
华南理工大学_高等数学B下随堂练习参考答案
华南理工大学网络教育平台-*高等数学B(下)-随堂练习参考答案2013-4-10 1.函数定义域为（） （A）（B）（C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：C 问题解析： 2.函数定义域为（） （A）（B）（C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：D 问题解析： 3.函数定义域为（） （A）（B）（C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：C 问题解析：
4.函数定义域为（） （A）（B）（C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：B 问题解析： 5.,则的定义域为（） （A）（B） （C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：C 问题解析： 6.下列函数为同一函数的是（） （A）（B） （C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：D 问题解析：
7. （A）（B）（C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：A 问题解析： 8. （A）（B） （C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：B 问题解析： 9. （A）（B）（C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：D 问题解析： 10. （A）（B）（C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：C
问题解析： 11. （A）（B）（C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：B 问题解析： 12. （A）（B）（C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：A 问题解析： 13. （A）（B）0 （C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：C 问题解析： 14. （A）（B）0 （C）（D） 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交）
工程力学试题以及答案
一、单项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。 1.如图所示的平面汇交力系中，F 1=4kN ，F 2，F 3=5kN ，则该力系在两个坐标轴上的投影为( ) A.X= 12B. X=12, Y=0 D. X=-12 2.如图所示，刚架在C 点受水平力P 作用，则支座A 的约束反力N A 的方向应( ) A.沿水平方向 B.沿铅垂方向 C.沿AD 连线 D.沿BC 连线 3.如图所示，边长a=20cm 的正方形匀质薄板挖去边长b=10cm 的正方形，y 轴是薄板对称轴，则其重心的y 坐标等于( ) A.y C =1123 cm B.y C =10cm C.y C = 712 cm D.y C =5cm 4.如图所示，边长为a 的正方体的棱边AB 和CD 上作用着大小均为F 的两个方向相反的力，则二力对x 、y 、z 三轴之矩大小为 ( ) A.m x (F )=0，m y (F )=Fa ，m z (F )=0 B.m x (F )=0，m y (F )=0，m z (F )=0 C. m x (F )=Fa ，m y (F )=0，m z (F )=0 D. m x (F )=Fa ，m y (F )=Fa ，m z (F )=Fa 5.图示长度为l 的等截面圆杆在外力偶矩m 作用下的弹性变形能为U ，当杆长为2l 其它条件不变时，杆内的弹性变形能为( ) A.16U
B.8U C.4U D.2U 6.图示结构为( ) A.静定结构 B.一次超静定结构 C.二次超静定结构 D.三次超静定结构 7.工程上，通常脆性材料的延伸率为( ) A.δ<5％ B. δ<10％ C. δ<50％ D. δ<100％ 8.如图，若截面图形的z轴过形心，则该图形对z轴的( ) A.静矩不为零，惯性矩为零 B.静矩和惯性矩均为零 C.静矩和惯性矩均不为零 D.静矩为零，惯性矩不为零 9.图示结构，用积分法计算AB梁的位移时，梁的边界条件为( ) A.y A≠0 y B=0 B.y A≠0 y B≠0 C.y A=0 y B≠0 D.y A=0 y B=0 10.图示为材料和尺寸相同的两个杆件，它们受到高度分别为h和2办的重量Q的自由落体的冲击，杆1的动荷系数K d1和杆2的动荷系数K d2应为( ) A.K d2>K d1 B.K d1=1 C.K d2=1 D.K d2 随堂练习提交截止时间：2020-06-14 23:59:59 当前页有10题，你已做10题，已提交10题，其中答对10题。 1.(单选题) To top it off, the skewers were presented on a plate with potatoes, sour cream, and a ____ tomato sauce. A. spicy B. excessive C. frozen D. cheerful 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：A 问题解析： 2.(单选题) _____ drinking can lead to stomach disorders. A. Spicy B. Excessive C. Frozen D. Cheerful 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：B 问题解析： 3.(单选题) The ground was_____ solid. A. spicy B. excessive C. frozen D. cheerful 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：C 问题解析： 4.(单选题) I’m going to_____ and cancel my reservation. A. put on B. show up C. call up D. leave alone 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：C 问题解析： 5.(单选题) It’s my girlfriend’s birthday party. She will be very upset if I don’t _____. A. put on B. show up C. call up D. leave alone 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 1.(单选题) They cancelled the basketball game because of a _____ of interest. A. lack B. need C. lot D. common 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：A 问题解析： 2.(单选题) Learning is a long and exciting ______. A. situation B. process C. person D. sign 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：B 问题解析： 3.(单选题) I’m _____because I have received lots of presents. A. pleased B. unhappy C. angry D. resent 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：A 问题解析： 4.(单选题) I got confused, too. I seem to have ______ in dealing with numbers A．knowledge B．development C．challenge D．difficulty 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：D 问题解析： 5.(单选题) People use more words when they ______ with each other. A．complete B．communicate C．associate D．acquire 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：B 问题解析： 6.(单选题) ―How are you doing, Frank? ―_______________ A. How are you doing? B. How do you do? C. Great, thanks! D. It’s nice meeting you! 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：C 问题解析： 7.(单选题) ―Hi, it is nice to meet you! ―______________________ A. Nice to meet you, too. B. Fine, thank you! C. Good to you. D. How are you? 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：A 问题解析： 8.(单选题) ―Hello, I’m Robin. 一、判断题（正确的在括号中打“√”，错误的在括号中打“×”。） 1、加减平衡力系公理一般不适用于一个变形体。（√） 2、合力一定比分力大。（×） 3、物体相对于地球静止时，它一定平衡；物体相对于地球运动时，它一定不平衡。（×） 4、约束力的作用位置在约束与被约数物体的相互接触处。（√） 5、凡是只受到两个力作用的杆件都是二力杆件。（×） 6、汇交力系中各个力的作用点为同一点。（×） 7、力偶矩的单位与力矩的单位是相同的。（√） 8、力偶不能够合成为一个力，也不能用一个力来等效替代。（√） 9、平面一般力系的主矢与简化中心无关。（√） 10、平面力系与其作用面内的两个不同点简化，有可能得到主矩相等，但力系的主矢和主矩都不为零。（×） 11、平面汇交力系中各力在任意轴上投影的代数和分别等于零，则该力系平衡。（√） 12、一个汇交力系如果不是平衡力系，则必然有合力。（√） 13、在应用平面汇交力系的平衡方程解题时，所选取的两个投影轴必须相互垂直。（×） 14、平面力系的平衡方程可以是三个彼此独立的投影式的平衡方程。（×） 15、材料力学的任务是尽可能保证构件的安全工作。（√） 16、作用在刚体上的力偶可以任意平移，而作用在变形固体上的力偶一般不能平移。（√） 17、线应变是构件中单位长度的变形量。（√） 18、若构件无位移，则其内部不会产生内力。（×） 19、用圆截面低碳钢试件做拉伸试验，试件在颈缩处被拉断，断口呈杯锥形。（√） 20、一般情况下，脆性材料的安全系数要比塑性材料取得小些。（×） 21、胡克定律只适用于弹性变形范围内。（√） 22、塑性材料的应力-应变曲线中，强化阶段的最高点所对应的应力为强度极限。（√） 23、发生剪切变形的构件都可以称为剪切构件。（×） 24、在剪切构件中，挤压变形也是一个次要的方面。（×） 25、构件的挤压面和剪切面一般是垂直的。（√） 26、针对剪切和挤压，工程中采用实用计算的方法，是为了简化计算。（×） 27、受扭杆件的扭矩，仅与杆件受到的外力偶矩有关，而与杆件的材料及其横截面的大小和形状无关。（√） 28、根据平面假设，圆轴扭转时，横截面变形后仍保持平面。（√） 29、轴的受力特点是受到一对大小相等、转向相同、作用面与杆的轴线垂直的力偶的作用。（×） 30、若两梁的跨度、承受载荷及支撑相同，但材料和横截面面积不同，则两梁的剪力图和弯矩图不一定相同。（×） 31、最大弯矩必然发生在剪力为零的横截面上。（×） 32、控制梁弯曲强度的主要因素是最大弯矩值。（×） 33、在等截面梁中，正应力绝对值的最大值必然出现在弯矩值最大的截面上。（√） 34、力偶在任一轴上投影为零，故写投影平衡方程时不必考虑力偶。（√） 第七章 多元函数微分学 作业1 多元函数 1．填空题 （1）已知函数22,y f x y x y x ? ?+=- ???，则(),f x y =()() 222 11x y y -+； （2）49 arcsin 222 2-+++=y x y x z 的定义域是(){} 22,49x y x y ≤+≤； （3）)]ln(ln[x y x z -=的定义域是 (){}(){},,0,1,0,1x y x y x x y x x y x >>+?<<≤+； （4）函数??? ??=≠=0, 0,sin ),(x y x x xy y x f 的连续范围是 全平面 ； （5）函数2222y x z y x +=-在2 2y x =处间断. 2．求下列极限 （1 ）00 x y →→； 解：0000 1 6x t t y →→→→===- （2）2 2 () lim (e x y x y x y -+→+∞→+∞ +）. 解：3 y x =22()2() lim (e lim (e 2x y x y x y x x y y x y x y xe ye -+-+--→+∞→+∞ →+∞ →+∞ ??+=+-??）） 由于1lim e lim lim 0t t t t t t t t e e -→+∞→+∞→+∞===，2222lim e lim lim lim 0t t t t t t t t t t t e e e -→+∞→+∞→+∞→+∞====， 故22() 2()lim (e lim (e 20x y x y x y x x y y x y x y xe ye -+-+--→+∞ →+∞→+∞ →+∞ ??+=+-=??）） 3．讨论极限2630 0lim y x y x y x +→→是否存在. 解：沿着曲线()()3 ,,0,0y kx x y =→,有3 36626262000 lim lim 1x x y kx x y kx k x y x k x k →→=→==+++因k 而异，从而极限26 30 0lim y x y x y x +→→不存在 4．证明?? ???=+≠++=0,00,2),(22222 2y x y x y x xy y x f 在点)0,0(分别对于每个自变量x 或y 都连续，但作为二元函数在点)0,0(却不连续. 解：由于(,0)0,(0,)0,f x f y ≡≡ 从而可知在点)0,0(分别对于每个自变量x 或y 都连续，但沿着曲线 ()(),,0,0y kx x y =→,有22 22222000 222lim lim 1x x y kx xy kx k x y x k x k →→=→==+++因k 而异， 从而极限()0 lim ,x y f x y →→不存在，故作为二元函数在点)0,0(却不连续. A. B. D. The high quality and reasonable price make the customers have strong A. B. D. More practice can help you to get ________ of your shyness in public. A. B. D. To forget is natural ________; to remember is unnatural and require A. B. D. A. B. D. There is no reason for an able man to ________ himself that he can’t A. B. D. Erase the negative notion and adopt a ________ spirit, and you gain A. B. D. ________ makes success a certainty, while inconstancy often results A. B. D. Unit Two A. B. D. Life without passion would be ________. A. B. D. We are supposed to ________ nothing but dreams. A. B. D. Many people felt ________ to help the victims after being told the A. B. D. In the U.S., there are some limits on what you can ask or expect A. B. D. The sex discrimination goes ________ the principle of equality. A. B. D. Really friendly people respect everyone ________. A. B. D. Unit Three 提交方式：文本框粘贴 1.We Need A Green World Everyone wants to have a blue sky, everyone wants to breathe fresh air, everyone dreams of a green world. But our city is sick, his blue eyes are covered by sand and dust, and he can't see us clearly; his beautiful voice is eroded by the haze and can't sing with us. What shall I do? What shall I do？ The teacher said to take good care of the environment, start from everyone. The best and most effective way I can think of is to travel green. If we go to a place, we can walk or ride a bicycle, and take a bus at a distance. My parents and I went out by bike this weekend. If we reduce the number of times we drive private cars, the exhaust of cars will be reduced. If adults protect the environment, the exhaust gas of the factory will also be reduced, then PM2. The value of 5 will decrease. Our 页脚内容 2012/2013学年第 1 学期考试试卷( A )卷 课程名称 工程力学 适用专业/年级 本卷共 6 页，考试方式 闭卷笔试 考试时间 120 分钟 一、 判断题（共10分，每题1分） 1. 实际挤压应力在挤压面上是均匀分布的。 ( ) 2. 纯弯曲梁的横截面上只有正应力。 ( ) 3. 横截面面积相等，实心轴的承载能力大于空心轴。 ( ) 4. 力偶在任意坐标轴上的投影恒等于零。 ( ) 5. 梁发生弯曲变形，挠度越大的截面，其转角也越大。 ( ) 6. 在集中力偶作用处，梁的剪力图和弯矩图均要跳跃。 ( ) 7. 当低碳钢试件的试验应力 p σσ<时，试件将产生局部颈缩。 ( ) 8. 圆轴扭转时其切应力的最大值仅可能出现在横截面的外边缘。 ( ) 9. 作用力与反作用力不是一对平衡力。 ( ) 10. 临界应力越小的受压杆，其稳定性越好。 ( ) 二、单项选择题（共20分，每题2分） 1. 下右图中杆AB 的变形类型是 。 A ．弯曲变形 B ．拉（压）弯组合变形 页脚内容 C ．弯扭组合变形 D ．拉（压）扭组合变形 2. 下图矩形截面梁受F 和Me 作用，Me =Fl 。则以下结论中错误的是 。 A ．0A σ= B ．0B σ= C ．0D σ= D ．0E σ= 3. 力偶对物体的运动效应为 。 A ．只能使物体平动 B ．只能使物体转动 C ．既能使物体平动又能使物体转动 D ．它与力对物体的运动效应有时相同，有时不同 4. 关于低碳钢材料在拉伸试验过程中，所能承受的最大应力是 。 A ．比例极限p σ B ．屈服极限s σ C ．强度极限b σ D ．许用应力[σ] 5．在平板和受拉螺栓之间垫上一个垫圈，可以提高 能力。 A ．螺栓的抗拉伸 B ．螺栓的抗剪切 C ．螺栓的抗挤压 D ．平板的抗挤压 6. 若实心圆轴①和空心圆轴②的材料、横截面积、长度和所受扭矩均相同，则两轴的最大扭转角之间的关系为 。 A ．φ1<φ2 B ．φ1=φ2 C ．φ1>φ2 D ．无法比较 7. 低碳钢试件扭转破坏形式是 。 A ．沿横截面拉断 B ．沿横截面剪断 C ．沿450螺旋面拉断 D ． 沿450螺旋面剪断 1.? ?一质点在平面上作一般曲线运动，其瞬时速度为，瞬时速率为v，，某一时间内的平均速度为，平均速率为，它们之间的关系必定有： （A）?（B）（C）?（D）? 答题：??A.??B.??C.??D.?（已提交） 参考答案：D 问题解析： 2.? 一质点在平面上运动，已知质点位置矢量的表示式为?（其中a、b为常量）, 则该质点作? (A) 匀速直线运动． (B) 变速直线运动． (C) 抛物线运动． (D)一般曲线运动．? 答题：??A.??B.??C.??D.?（已提交） 参考答案：B 问题解析： 3.? 如图所示，湖中有一小船，有人用绳绕过岸上一定高度处的定滑轮拉湖中的船向岸边运动．设 该人以匀速率收绳，绳不伸长、湖水静止，则小船的运动是? (A) 匀加速运动． (B) 匀减速运动． (C) 变加速运动． (D) 变减速运动．? 答题：??A.??B.??C.??D.?（已提交） 参考答案：C 问题解析： 4.? 一飞机相对空气的速度大小为 200 km/h, 风速为56 km/h，方向从西向东．地面雷达站测得飞机速度大小为 192 km/h，方向是? ? (A) 南偏西°．? (B) 北偏东°? (C) 向正南或向正北． (D) 西偏北°．(E) 东偏南°．? 答题：??A.??B.??C.??D.?（已提交） 参考答案：C 问题解析： 5.? 对于沿曲线运动的物体，以下几种说法中哪一种是正确的：? (A) 切向加速度必不为零．? (B) 法向加速度必不为零（拐点处除外）．? (C) 由于速度沿切线方向，法向分速度必为零，因此法向加速度必为零．? (D) 若物体作匀速率运动，其总加速度必为零．? 《工程力学A （Ⅱ）》试卷（答题时间100分钟） 班级 姓名 班级序号 一、单项选择题（共10道小题，每小题4分，共40分） 1．关于下列结论的正确性： ①同一截面上正应力 σ 与切应力 τ 必相互垂直。 ②同一截面上各点的正应力 σ 必定大小相等，方向相同。 ③同一截面上各点的切应力 τ 必相互平行。 现有四种答案： A ．1对； B ．1、2对； C ．1、3对； D ． 2、3对。 正确答案是： 。 2．铸铁拉伸试验破坏由什么应力造成？破坏断面在什么方向？以下结论哪一个是正确的？ A ．切应力造成，破坏断面在与轴线夹角45o方向； B ．切应力造成，破坏断面在横截面； C ．正应力造成，破坏断面在与轴线夹角45o方向； D ．正应力造成，破坏断面在横截面。 正确答案是： 。 3．截面上内力的大小： A ．与截面的尺寸和形状有关； B ．与截面的尺寸有关，但与截面的形状无关； C ．与截面的尺寸和形状无关； Ｄ．与截面的尺寸无关，但与截面的形状有关。 正确答案是： 。 4．一内外径之比为D d /=α的空心圆轴，当两端承受扭转力偶时，横截面上的最大切应力为τ，则内圆周处的切应力为 A ．τ B ．ατ Ｃ．τα)1(3- Ｄ．τα)1(4- 正确答案是： 。 9．图示矩形截面拉杆，中间开有深度为 2 h 的缺口，与不开口的拉杆相比，开口处最 A．2倍； B．4倍； C．8倍； D．16倍。 正确答案是：。 10.两根细长压杆的横截面面积相同，截面形状分别为圆形和正方形，则圆形截面压 试用叠加法求图示悬臂梁自由端截面B 的转角和挠度，梁弯曲刚度EI 为常量。 2F a a A B C Fa 四、计算题（本题满分10分） 已知材料的弹性模量 GPa E 200=，泊松比25.0=ν，单元体的应力情况如图所示，试求该点的三个主应力、最大切应力及沿最大主应力方向的主应变值。 MPa 1.（单选题） They cancelled the basketball game because of a ___ of interest. A. lack B. need C. lot D. common 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：A 问题解析： 2.（单选题） Learning is a long and exciting A. situation B. process C. person D. sign 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：B 问题解析： 3.（单选题） I' m ___ because I have received lots of presents. A. pleased B. unhappy C. angry D. resent 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：A 问题解析： 4. __________________________________________ （单选题） I got confused, too. I seem to have _______________________________________ in dealing with numbers A．knowledge B．development C．challenge D．difficulty 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：D 问题解析： 5. __________________________________________ （单选题） People use more words when they _______________________________________ with each other. A．complete B．communicate C．associate D．acquire 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：B 问题解析： 6. （单选题）― How are you doing, Frank? A. How are you doing? B. How do you do? C. Great, thanks! D. It' s nice meeting you! 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：C 问题解析： 7. （单选题）― Hi, it is nice to meet you! A. Nice to meet you, too. B. Fine, thank you! C. Good to you. D. How are you? 答题： A. B. C. D. （已提交） 参考答案：A 问题解析： 8. （单选题）― Hello, I'm Robin. ― ______________ My name is Anna. A. How are you? B. How do you do? C. You can call me Bob. D. Fine, thanks. 答题：A. B. C. D. 2017年华南理工大学大学英语B（二）模拟试题 I. Vocabulary and Structures (20 points) Directions:In each of the following sentences, there are 4 choices marked A), B), C), and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes each sentence. 1. — I was worried about my maths, but Mr. Brown gave me an A. — ___ B ____ A. Don’t worry about it. B. Congratulations! That’s a difficult course C. Mr. Brown is very good. D. Good luck to you! 2. — I’ve got two tickets for the match. Shall we go and watch it together? — __ C _____ A.he tickets must be expensive. B. The match must be exc iting . C. Why not? Let’s go. D. The place is too far aw ay. 3. — Hello, I'm Harry Potter. — Hello, my name is Charles Green, but __ A ____. A. call me Charles B.call my Charles C.call me at Charles D.call Charlesme 4. — Excuse me, could you show me the way to the nearest post office? —____ D ______ Oh yes! Two blocks away from here at the Green Avenue. You can’t miss it. A.I beg your pardon? B.What do you mean? C.You're welcome. D.Mm,let me think 5. — Oh, sorry to bother you. — ____ A ___ A. That's okay. B. No, you can't. C. That's good. D. Oh, I don't know. 6. We came finally __ C____ the conclusion that she has been telling lies all the time. A. of B. into C. to D. at 一、单项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。 1.如图所示的平面汇交力系中，F1=4kN，F22，F3=5kN，则该力系在两个坐标轴上的投影为( ) A.X=1 2 534 - B. X=1 2 , Y=0 453 - D. X=-1 2 534 - 2.如图所示，刚架在C点受水平力P作用，则支座A的约束反力N A的方向应( ) A.沿水平方向 B.沿铅垂方向 C.沿AD连线 D.沿BC连线 3.如图所示，边长a=20cm的正方形匀质薄板挖去边长b=10cm的正方形，y轴是薄板对称轴，则其重心的y坐标等于( ) A.y C=112 3 cm B.y C=10cm C.y C= 71 2 cm D.y C=5cm 4.如图所示，边长为a的正方体的棱边AB和CD上作用着大小均为F的两个方向相反的力，则二力对x、y、z三轴之矩大小为( ) A.m x(F)=0，m y(F)=Fa，m z(F)=0 B.m x(F)=0，m y(F)=0，m z(F)=0 C. m x(F)=Fa，m y(F)=0，m z(F)=0 D. m x(F)=Fa，m y(F)=Fa，m z(F)=Fa 5.图示长度为l的等截面圆杆在外力偶矩m作用下的弹性变形能为U，当杆长为2l其它条件不变时，杆内的弹性变形能为( ) A.16U B.8U C.4U D.2U 6.图示结构为( ) A.静定结构 B.一次超静定结构 C.二次超静定结构 D.三次超静定结构 7.工程上，通常脆性材料的延伸率为( ) A.δ<5％ B. δ<10％ C. δ<50％ D. δ<100％ 8.如图，若截面图形的z轴过形心，则该图形对z轴的( ) A.静矩不为零，惯性矩为零 B.静矩和惯性矩均为零 C.静矩和惯性矩均不为零 D.静矩为零，惯性矩不为零 9.图示结构，用积分法计算AB梁的位移时，梁的边界条件为( ) A.y A≠0 y B=0 B.y A≠0 y B≠0 C.y A=0 y B≠0 D.y A=0 y B=0 10.图示为材料和尺寸相同的两个杆件，它们受到高度分别为h和2办的重量Q的自由落体的冲击，杆1的动荷系数K d1和杆2的动荷系数K d2应为( ) A.K d2>K d1 B.K d1=1 C.K d2=1 D.K d2 工程力学试题及答案一、填空题 1.物体的平衡是指物体相对于地面__________或作________运动的状态 2.平面汇交力系平衡的必要与充分条件是：_____。该力系中各力构成的力多边形____ 3.一物块重600N，放在不光滑的平面上，摩擦系数f=0.3， 势趋滑动的，物块有向右在左侧有一推力150N其而状态，块处于静止F=__________,所以此物max。F=__________相同，每一__________4.刚体在作平动过程中，其上各点的的速度和加速度。瞬时，各点具有__________质量不计，且B、O，长为L，曲柄OAm5.AB杆质量为 21轴转杆绕Oφ=60°时，OAOA=OB=R，OO=L，当111122杆应加的惯性力大为常量，则该瞬时AB动，角速度ω，方向为__________ 小为__________使材料丧失正常工作能力的应力称为极限应力。工程上一6.作为塑性材料的极限应力；对于脆性材般把__________ ________作为极限应力。料，则把______________。7.__________面称为主平面。主平面上的正应力称为与关，而ρ和_____________有内的环匀速转动时，环动应力只与材料的密度8.当圆无关。__________并将正确答案的序号填在选出一个正确答案，二、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中，) 分题干的括号内。每小题3分，共18处的约束反力，则它们的B表示支座A、R1.某简支梁AB 受载荷如图所示，现分别用R、BA。)关系为 ( A.R 《经济数学》 作业题 第一部分 单项选择题 1．某产品每日的产量是 x 件，产品的总售价是 1 2 x 2 + 70x +1100 元，每一件 的成本为 (30 + 1 3 x ) 元，则每天的利润为多少？（A ） A ． 1 6 x 2 + 40x +1100 元 B ． 1 6 x 2 + 30x +1100 元 C ． 56 x 2 + 40x +1100 元 D ． 56 x 2 + 30x +1100 元 2．已知 f (x ) 的定义域是[0,1] ，求 f (x + a ) + f (x - a ) ， 0 < a < 1 的定义域是？ 2 （C ） A ．[-a ,1- a ] B ．[a ,1+ a ] C ．[a ,1- a ] D ．[-a ,1+ a ] 3．计算 lim sin kx = ？（B ） x →0 x A ． 0 B ． k C ． 1 k D ． ∞ 4．计算 lim(1+ 2)x = ？（C ） x →∞ x A ． e B ． 1 e C ． e 2 D ． 1 e 2 ? 2 + b , x < 2 ?ax 5．求 a , b 的取值，使得函数 f (x ) = ? 1, x = 2 在 x = 2 处连续。（A ） ? + 3, x > 2 1 ? bx A ． a = ,b = -1 2 B ． a = 3 ,b = 1 2 C ． a = 1 ,b = 2 2 D ． a = 3 ,b = 2 2 3 6．试求 y = x 2 + x 在 x = 1 的导数值为（B ） A ． 3 2 B ． 5 2 C ． 12 D ． - 1 2 7．设某产品的总成本函数为： C (x ) = 400 + 3x + 1 2 x 2 ，需求函数 P = 100 x ，其中 x 为产量（假定等于需求量）， P 为价格，则边际成本为？（B ） A ． 3 B ． 3 + x C ． 3 + x 2 D ． 3 + 1 2 x华南理工大学英语B(三)随堂练习
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