文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › SCI论文写作常用精彩句式汇总——辑文编译4013

SCI论文写作常用精彩句式汇总——辑文编译4013

SCI论文写作常用精彩句式汇总——辑文编译4013
SCI论文写作常用精彩句式汇总——辑文编译4013

SCI论文写作常用精彩句式汇总——辑文编译4013 SCI论文的书写,句型都不是自己凭空创造出来的,特别是对于写作新手,开始的时候都需要套用前人的文章“临摹”找找感觉,小编不才,我总结了一些常用句式分享给还在一线苦苦挣扎的朋友们。

目的

To develop the methods for isolation and cultivation of A.

To culture sth from surgical iridectomy specimens of eyes with and withoutA.

The effect of various Xs on the growth, melanogenesis and dendrificationof cultured Cs were studied.

病因

As are involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of eye diseases, the mostimportant of which is A, the most common intraocular tumor.

A also contribute to the pathogenesis of X1 and X2.

文献回顾

During the past 2 decades, much work has been done to isolate andcultivate C1 and C2 and to investigate the function of these cells in vitro.

PGs play important physiopathological and therapeutic roles in the eye.Several PGs have been studied for their effects on the reduction of IOP andtheir role in the treatment of A.

引起人们重视

During the past decade, there has been an increasing interest in therelationship between exposure to light and the development of certain eyediseases, including A1, A2, and A3.

研究未明

Little/(very little)is known about/(concerning)

There have been only afew attempts to---,and no systematic attempts to

Little work has been performedon---

The role of remains tobe elucidated/ clarified.

Compared with ourknowledge of ---,littleis known about---. Even less is known about its---.

However, the effectsof---have not been investigated thoroughly.

---has never been satisfactorilyexplained.

Although many studies of ---have been reported and it is well establishedthat EM do produce melanin in vivo, little is known about melanogenesis by A.

Little work has been performed on melanogenesis by A in vitro.

Investigation of melanogenesis by A in vitro has been hampered by aninability to obtain a sufficient number of pure A for study.

The role of the iris in normal function and in disease remains to beelucidated.

仍有争议

---remains controversial.

Whether A produce melanin in vivo during adulthood remains controversial.

The literature about the sth remains scant.

新进展

Sb has developed and report here new methods for A

We have developed methods for A

Recent advances in techniques of--- suggested---

Recently, it has been found that melanin from the uvea could stimulate A1and may be involved in the pathogenesis of A2 and the A3.

We have developed methods for isolation and culture of A.

保护作用

Ocular pigmentation, particularly ---, may play an important protectiverole in prevention of these diseases.

研究目的

The purpose of the present study was to investigate melanogenesis by A invitro.

We wanted to explore specifically whether A produce melanin in vitro,whether melanin content and melanin production by A in vitro correlate withiris pigmentation, whether cultured A express --- activity, and whether ---activity of A correlates with ---, --- and ---.

We also wanted to study factors influencing melanin content andproduction, as well as the ---activity of A in vitro.

比较分析

Recently epidemiological and molecular biological studies indicate that A1is different from A2 and similar to A3, e.g., the occurrence of A1 is

relatedto the sunlight exposure and mutation of BRAF gene, whereas the C2 are not.

The difference between the A1 and A2 may be determined by the differentenvironmental and cellular factors of the C1 and C2.

These results indicated that X only stimulated cell growth at a highconcentration.

After supplementation with X, A growth was stimulated, but mitoticactivity declined rapidly after a few passages.

These effects were dose-dependent at the range from --- to --- M 统计学

The differences of X and cell counts between the control and test groupswere statistically significant (cell number: 0.05 > P>0.01 atconcentrations of ---M in complete medium, at --- M in --- medium, and P<0.01 at concentrations of --- M in --- medium).

The differences between the X treated culture and negative controls weresignificant at concentrations of 10-6-10-5 M

In the study on/(of the) cAMP-deleted medium, the number of cellsincubated with X at all concentrations showed no significant differencecompared with the negative controls.

This method provides a valuable source of large numbers of Cs, which canbe used to study their biological behavior, to compare with the A; and to comparethem to their malignant counterparts in the exploration of the pathogenesis of A.

关于SCI论文写作常用精彩句式,我们就讲解并汇总到这里,接下来要靠的是大家的坚持和智慧去写出好文章了。

SCI科技论文写作常用句型大全

S C I科技论文写作常用 句型大全 Company Document number:WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998

一.好的论文题目是成功的一半 好的论文,每一个部分都需要精雕细琢。我们先来看看Science, Nature 子刊上用的都是些什么题目,到底这些题目暗含哪些玄机以下是从2016年发表的论文中随机挑选的一些题目,我将其做了一下简单的分类: 1. Water splitting–biosynthetic system with CO2reduction efficiencies exceeding photosynthesis. (Science, 2016, 352, 1210) 类似: Scalable water splitting on particulate photocatalyst sheets with a solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency exceeding1%(Nature Materials 2016,15,611-615) 这种题目适合哪类文章适合于那种性能极其显着的文章(可以创纪录的文章),比如说Nocera et al. 的Science, 2016, 352, 1210,直接与光合作用进行对比,给人的震撼是非常强的。这种对比效果能够一下子抓住人们的眼球,吸引着读者进行阅读。 要点:使用这样的题目首先你的实验结果得够牛,你对于实验结果要足够自信,对于背景知识的了解得要足够深。因为取这样的题目意味着你要真正达到了某一个高度。如果明明有很多大海在那里,你个小池塘和小水坑进行比较,那么会闹笑话的。。。

高考英语get it 65个写作常用句型

2019年高考英语get it 65个写作常用句型 一、议论文常用句型 1. It is a fact that….…..是一个事实 2. It is well-known that….众所周知…… 3.There is no doubt that….毫无疑问…… 4. I think that….我认为...... 5. Contrary to the popular thought, I prefer….与流行的想法相反,我更喜欢...... 6. Some people say/believe/claim that….有人说/相信/声称...... 7. It is generally believed that….人们普遍认为...... 8. It is widely accepted that….这是被广泛接受的 9. It is argued/held that….有人认为/认为...... 10. While it is commonly believed that…, I believe….虽然人们普遍认为……,我相信...... 11. It can be concluded that….可以得出结论 12. People’s views vary from person to person.......人们的观点因人而异 二、图表型常用句型 1.The table/diagram/bar chart/pie graph/tree diagram/curve graph/column chart shows/illustrates/reveals/describes/depicts/reflects that/how….表显示/ 反映/如何

英文科技论文写作常用句式

在这篇文章中,我们说明(介绍)了一种……方法 In this work ,we address the problem of +doing sth In this paper , we propose the ... 在这一章节,我们介绍…… In this section , we present ... We demonstrate out algorithm on two tasks : A被认为是B A can be regarded as B 为了这个目的,我们提出了A To this end ,we propose A. 在样本的……和……上都很有效 make effective use of both ...and ...among samples. 当应用到……中的时候When applied to... 通过将……和……结合起来,…… By combining ...and ... , .... A是B中的一个基本问题之一A is one of the fundamental problems in B 目的在于…… Its goal is to do ... We aim at doing... Our target is ... Our basic notion is to do... 为了达到……的目的To achieve ... To achieve this , 因为……,做什么是困难的 As .... , it is very difficult to do .... As..., ir is usually hard to ... Due to ... e.g.:As the variance of object shape and color within an object class can be large,it is very difficult to obtain class-specific features that can describe the object class accurately. 就这点而言,…… In this regard, ... 一方面来说,……,另一方面来说,……On the one hand , ... , on the other hand , ... 1

SCI论文——英文写作的语言技巧总结

我觉得写文章之前要先有思路,你怎么去写怎么写的和别人不同,有新意。这里面的文章很大,我也说不透,只是参透了一二,和大家分享,望大家不要耻笑。我毕竟是个硕士研究生。 我觉得论文写很简单,主要是能够发表出去。下面我简单讲下我的思路。有相同或不同见解的留下言,共同交流,一起进步。 文章的第一步要有图,也就是说首先把图做的漂漂亮亮的,不管是SEM,TEM,Uv-vis,FTIR,还是效果图。图片放到你的文章里就是你的思路,图片放好了你的思路就出来了,这是就关键的过程,放图的过程中你要考你怎么写,你的文章新的地方在哪?;图做好了也放好了,就是写文章了,写文章也很快了,因为思路有了你的文章也构思好了。我在这里给出我写文章时的程序。对于文章主体部分,我觉得先写Results and discussion,写完了根据其内容下个Conclusion,然后根据Conclusion写Abstract(因为它们俩有些许的类似),而后补充Experimental。论文发表qq1813831290最后也是最难写的地方Introduction,这个让审稿人一看就能知道你的文章的水平,所以写好Introduction是关乎论文是否收录的关键所在。我和外国审稿人专家关于审稿交流过意见,他们也是这样认为,他们也认为Introduction是整个文章的脸面,这是他们主要审的地方,在这里能看到你的创新点,创新点不够直接refuse;Introduction写的还可以的话,就看Results and discussion,这部分其实主要看的是图,你的图的清晰度质量,以及性能图。我审过一篇Journal of Hazardous Materials上面的文章,我也是这样审的。当然是咱们国内某名牌大学的文章,做的是催化,我也是做这个的不知为什么编辑发来让我审,我也感觉很莫名。后来编辑告诉我和我的文章有些类似还称我是专家,教授…… 下面我引用了一些总结的写作经验,我觉得很有用。大家认真看看,在此先祝福大家论文高中,硕果累累不减当年勇时: 1.前言部分 1.1如何指出当前研究的不足以及有目的地引导出自己的研究的重要性 通常在叙述了前人成果之后,用However来引导不足,比如 However,little information... little attention has been devoted to… little work... little data/little research or few studies/investigations/few attempts have been don on… or none of these studies

Summary的写作技巧和常见句型

S u m m a r y 的写作技巧和常见句型 、概括原文 一)阅读 1. 读懂文章读文章的时候,要养成良好的阅读习惯,划划写写,英文阅读的时候,用铅笔轻轻划出重点词汇。 认真阅读给定的原文材料。如果一遍不能理解,就多读两遍。阅读次数越多,你对原文的理解就越深刻。 2. 拆分文章按照作者的思路,把文章分段,每个段落用几个词,几个短语概括。尽量简短,精 炼。 段落中心句,在段落的开头或末尾。有时也会变态的在当中。 3. 概括主旨写出文章的thesis, 一句话概括文章的主旨。 二)基本结构和技巧 1.重新拟定标题给summary 起一个标题。用那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子作为标题。也可以采用文中的主题句作为标题。 2. 阐述观点 摘要应全部用自己的话完成。不要引用原文的句子。写概述的时候,如果能够明确是他人写作的文章,注意要把作者的名字放在第一句(或者是接着写出要阐述的main ideas (主要观点)和supporting points (对主要观点的the author .. )。

支持)。 3. 词汇运用 注意概述的cohere nee (连贯性),运用好tran siti on words (过渡 词) , like however, furthermore, nonetheless, besides, therefore etc. 4. 删除细节 只保留主要观点。 5. 选择一至两个有代表性的例子 原文中可能包括5 个或更多的例子,你只需从中筛选一至二个例子。 6. 把长句变成短句,把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。 He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor. 可以概括为:“ He was in finan cial difficulties. His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion- like. ” 可以概括为:” He was very brave in battle. He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor. 可以概括为:“ He was in finan cial difficulties. 6)你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。请看下面的例子: Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago. ” 可以概括为:” Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by only a few people, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays,

英语学术论文写作常用句型

英语学术论文常用句型 Beginning 1. In this paper, we focus on the need for 2. This paper proceeds as follow. 3. The structure of the paper is as follows. 4. In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts 5. To begin with we will provide a brief background on the Introduction 1. This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature of the problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membership functions are defined. 2. Details on xx and xx are discussed in later sections. 3. In the next section, after a statement of the basic problem, various situations involving possibility knowledge are investigated: first, an entirely possibility model is proposed; then the cases of a fuzzy service time with stochastic arrivals and non fuzzy service rule is studied; lastly, fuzzy service rule are considered. Review 1. This review is followed by an introduction. 2. A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx and xxx is presented in Section 2. 3. In the next section, a brief review of the .... is given. 4. In the next section, a short review of ... is given with special regard to ... 5. Section 2 reviews relevant research related to xx. 6. Section 1.1 briefly surveys the motivation for a methodology of action, while 1.2 looks at the difficulties posed by the complexity of systems and outlines the need for development of possibility methods. Body 1. Section 1 defines the notion of robustness, and argues for its importance. 2. Section 1 devoted to the basic aspects of the FLC decision making logic. 3. Section 2 gives the background of the problem which includes xxx 4. Section 2 discusses some problems with and approaches to, natural language understanding.

牛人整理的英文论文写作常用词汇和短语

英文论文写作常用词汇和短语 这几年看文献和写论文的时候整理了一些写作常用词汇和短语,希望大家也能用得上: 差别gaps between, differentiate between, discrepancies,no intergroup difference No statistically significant differences in survival were found for MMC or MPMA. Although MMC and MPMA decreased with increasing nuclear grade and TNM stage, this difference failed to achieve statistical significance. 存在,出现occurred, occurrence ,existed, existence, presence, present 多数,少数the overwhelming majority of, in the majority of cases ,a marked majority, handful 方法approaches, avenues, methods, techniques, means, tools 发生率Incidence, frequency, prevalence In contrast with regions of high incidence, the mutation spectrum did not show a high prevalence of mutations at A:T base pairs. 发现,阐明,报道,证实verify, confirm, elucidate, identify, define, characterize, clarify, establish, ascertain, explain, observe, illuminate, illustrate,demonstrate, show, indicate, exhibit, presented, reveal, display, manifest,suggest, propose, estimate, prove, imply, disclose,report, describe,facilitate the identification of ,screening ,isolation 改变change, alteration, 高,增加high, enhanced, elevated, increased, forced 各种,多种in multiple types of neoplasia, in various types of apoptosis, in a variety of tumors 关系,相关,参与closely involved in, associated, 广泛的in an extensive survey 进行conducte, perform, carry out, 降,少,缺decrease, reduction, reduced, diminish, loss, suppression, deficient, low, weak, faint, light, absence, absent, undetectable, lack ,defective, negative,poor,impaired, greatly reduced or completely absent, frequently lost or down-expressed, presented discontinuous and weaker

英语议论文写作常用句型中英文对照模版

英语议论文写作常用句型中英文对照模版 (一)段首句 1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____. 2.俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,它在许多场合仍然适用。There is an old saying______. It’s the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today. 3.现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,……;其次,……。更为糟糕的是…… 。 Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______. 4.现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)……。 Nowadays, it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______.Besides,______. 5.任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。 Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6.关于……人们的观点各不相同,一些人认为(说)……,在他们看来,…… People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____. 7.人类正面临着一个严重的问题……,这个问题变得越来越严重。 Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious. 8.……已成为人的关注的热门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论。 ______ has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 9.……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用,它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重 的问题。 ______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has

SCI 论文写作从摘要到结论的常用模板句式

Abstract 一、在摘要中直接提出论文主题的句型和句式 1、In this paper, we present a … approach to … 本文提出了一种针对…的…方法。 2、In this paper, we describe improved … models for … 本文介绍几种针对…的改进的…模型。 3、We propose a new … model and … algorithm that enables us to … 我们提出一种新的…模型和…算法,它让我们能够… 4、We present a … model that enables … 我们提出了一种…模型,它使我们能够… 5、This paper demonstrates the ability of … to perform robust and accurate … 本文证明了…进行…可靠准确的…的能力。 6、In this paper we report results of a … approach to … 本文报导了…的…方法的实验结果。 7、This paper demonstrates that … can effectively … with very high accuracy. 本文证明,…能够有效地准确地… 8、The purpose/goal/intention/objective/object/emphasis/aim of this paper is … 本文的目的是… 9、The primary/chief/overall/main object of this study is to survey … 本研究的首要目标是考察… 10、The chief aim of this paper/research/study/experiment/the present work is … 本文的主要目标是… 11、 The emphasis of this study lies in … 我们的研究重点是… 12、The work presented in this paper focuses on … 本文所述工作重点放在… 13、Our goal has been to provide …

SCI论文写作模板(葵花宝典)

Title:论文题目××× Zhang Qingke1,Yang Bo,Chen Yuehui,Wang lin (作者的隶属单位) Abstract:。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。(约250words)Keywords:xxxx;xxxx;xxxx;xxxxxx;xxxxxxxx;xxx;xxxxxxxxxx; (6-7个) 1 Introduction 写完Results和Discussion,你会对这篇文章内容有着更深入的理解。这个时候,才回过头写Introduction。这样做的目的是便于你在Introduction部分提出的一些假设或者预设的问题与Discussion的主要讨论问题前后呼应。 第一段:笼统的介绍该方向研究的意义 第二段:综述前人的工作,提出目前的不足或相关的信息,引出该工作的工作动机 第三段:根据分析提出某种假设 第四段:简单介绍该工作开展的思路,方法,目标,和可能的结论 2 Materials and Methods 这部分中最好写的。实事求是地描叙自己的实验材料,实验设计、实验过程、测定方法,数据的采集,分析、计算及其统计方法等。当然,你也不要一字不漏地描写你的材料与实验过程。过细,容易造成后面的结果与讨论部分显的单薄,文章整体看上去就会头大身子小,不协调。过粗,读者看不明白,甚至怀疑你的结果。因此,这个部分需要有分寸。原则是主要结果的材料与方法可以偏细,而基本状等次要的部分一笔带过。实验材料,实验设计,实验过程,数据采集,分析技术及其统计方法。实事求是地描叙自己的实验材料,实验设计、实验过程、测定方法,数据的采集,分析、计算及其统计方法等。 3 Result 在写之前,先列几个subsections,把相对应的图表放进去。描写一张表或者一副图,第一句应该是交代这个表或者图所表达的主题,然后依次述说。可以从大到小,可以由特征A到特征B……。这里需要注意的是条理清楚,重点突出。一般在Results中,我不喜欢讨论。如果有必要,适当可以加一些点龙画睛的话语,但是不可过多,以免影响或者重复后面的Discussion部分。掌握的原则是一集中二避免:集中你想突出主题、描写有价值的、后面将讨论的数据;避免巨细无遗地描写你的数据;避免直接描写表中显示的数据。例如:表中列出A: 20, B: 25。文中避免说 A is 20 and 25 is for B. 如果你想比较这两项,你可以说 B is 25% greater than A。如果你想表达A到B的发展过程,你可以说25% increases from A to B。总之,根据你的意图去描写图表中的数据,做到有的放失,避免让读者感到乏味。列出子部分,分别对各部分采取重点集中式的描述,不可泛泛而谈,可以根据图表逐步解读

学术论文常用词汇

学术论文常用词汇 学术论文的语言表达 一、时态 时态是个比较复杂的问题虽然有一般的规则但往往在实际文章中很难把握总体的 规则已在前边讲过需要重申的是在同一段落中要避免时态跳跃详见学术论文的写作最常见的描述一般现象的时态是一般现在时有时也用一般过去时或一般将来时 需要注意的语法 In recent years 作时间状语时通常要用完成时 In recent years, Plesch and coworkers have concluded that many so-called cationic polymerizations do not proceed through intermediates of an ionic nature. 二、数词 数也有其复杂化特别是在学术论文里有是很难顾及数上的逻辑但一般不将逻辑上 的问题视为语法错误只须注意在一个句子中的数和谓语动词的统一即可 以下是需要注意的语法 不规则变化的单复数 单数复数 criterion criteria 依据 phenomenon phenomena 现象 medium media 介质 radius radii 半径 index indices 指数 appendix appendices 附录 stimulus stimuli 刺激 basis bases 基础 2 synthesis syntheses 合成 matrix matrices 基体 Novel biomaterials with improved, specific biological action are being developed using polymers that are responsive to environmental stimuli. 一些数有特殊性的名词 data, kinetics 通常作复数名词 research, work: 不可数名词 The data in Table 1 are obtained from the reactions at different temperatures. The kinetics of polymerization within each droplet are the same as those for the corresponding bulk polymerization. Much research has been done to redirect the tropism of retroviruses by engineering the envelope glycoprotein. Most research on poly(ortho esters) has focused on the synthesis of polymers. 一些结构的数<主谓的统一> one of 复数名词单数

英文文章写作常用开头句式

1) When asked about…, the vast /overwhelming majority of/ most/many/ quite a few people say/ think/ believe/ answer that…, but… 当被问及……时,多数(大多数、许多)人认为(回答)……,但是…… 2)Nowadays, it is commonly/ widely/ generally believed/ thought/ held that…, but I wonder/ doubt that… 如今,人们普遍认为……,但是我怀疑…… 3) When it comes to……, some think/ hold/ believe… 当提及……时,有人认为…… 4) Depending on personal experience, personality type and emotional concern, we find that some people hold the idea of…, whild others prefer… 基于个人经历、个性类型和情感关注的不同,我们发现有人持……的观点,而另外一些人则更喜欢…… 5) It has become apparent to us that… 对我们来说,……已经变得很明显。 6) There is a public/ general debate/ controversy/ discussion today/ nowadays on/ over/ as to the problem/ issue of… 如今,有一场关于……问题的公开的(普遍的)讨论(争论)。 7) With the rapid growth of…, … have/ has become increasingly important in our daily life.https://www.wendangku.net/doc/aa13645384.html, 随着……的快速增长,……在日常生活中已经变得越来越重要。 8) Recently the issue/ problem/ question/ of… ha s been brought into focus/ brought to public attention/ in the limelight/ posed among the general public. 近来,……的问题已经成为人们关注的焦点。 9) N ow there is a growing awareness/ recognition of the necessity to… 如今,人们愈发意识到……的重要性。 10) Nothing/ Few things/ No idea is/ are more/ as foolish/ dangerous/ undesirable/ basic/ essential than/ as… which is widely/ commonly/ generally held by… 普遍认为,没什么能比……更愚蠢(危险、不合时宜、基本、有必要)/没有什么

长期整理的英文论文写作常用词汇和短语

长期整理的英文论文写作常用词汇和短语 这几年看文献和写论文的时候整理了一些写作常用词汇和短语,希望大家也能用得上: 差别 gaps between, differentiate between, discrepancies,no intergroup difference No statistically significant differences in survival were found for MMC or MPMA. Although MMC and MPMA decreased with increasing nuclear grade and TNM stage, this difference failed to achieve statistical significance. 存在,出现 occurred, occurrence ,existed, existence, presence, present 多数,少数 the overwhelming majority of, in the majority of cases ,a marked majority, handful 方法 approaches, avenues, methods, techniques, means, tools 发生率 Incidence, frequency, prevalence In contrast with regions of high incidence, the mutation spectrum did not show a high prevalence of mutations at A:T base pairs. 发现,阐明,报道,证实 verify, confirm, elucidate, identify, define, characterize, clarify, establish, ascertain, explain, observe, illuminate, illustrate,demonstrate, show, indicate, exhibit, presented, reveal, display, manifest,suggest, propose, estimate, prove, imply, disclose,report, describe,facilitate the identification of ,screening ,isolation

英语议论文写作常用句型

议论文常用写作句式句型 一.段首:良好的开端等于成功的一半.在写作文时,通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。例如: 1.提出议题 A. Just as every coin has two sides, ...... have both advantages and disadvantages. B. There is a public debate today that ... C. When it comes to...... different people have different points of view. some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience. However, others... D. Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of ...... E. As is known to all/ As we all know....... F. Recently the problem has been brought into focus. 2.提出观点: A. Now there is a growing awareness that... In my opinion...... B. It is time we explore the truth of ... C. I hold the truth to be self-evident that.... 3.进一步提出观点: A. ....... but that is only part of the history. B. Another equally important aspect is ... C...... is but one of the many effects. Another is ... D. Besides, other reasons are... 二、段中 4.提出假想例子 A.Suppose that... B. B. Just imagine what would be like if... C. It is reasonable to expect... D. It is not surprising that... 5.举普通例子: A.For example(instance),... B.B.... such as A,B,C and so on (so forth) C. A good case in point is... D. A particular example for this is...

3、SCI 论文写作的万能句型

SCI 论文写作的万能句型(二) 1. A considerable amount of literature has been published on X. These studies ...... 2. There is a large volume of published studies describing the role of ...... 3. The first serious discussions and analyses of X emerged during the 1970s with ...... 4. The generalisability of much published research on this issue is problematic. 5. What we know about X is largely based upon empirical studies that investigate how ...... 6. During the past 30 years much more information has become available on ...... 7. In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of literature on ....... 8. A large and growing body of literature has investigated ...... 参考文献:以往研究或学术活动相关文献 1. Many historians have argued that ...... (eg. Jones, 1987; Johnson, 1990; Smith, 1994) 2. Numerous studies have attempted to explain ..... (for example, Smith , 1996; Kelly, 1998; Johnson, 2002) ?3. Recent evidence suggests that ....... (Smith, 1996; Jones 1999; Johnson, 2001) 4. Recently, in vitro studies have shown that T.thermophylus EFTu can ...... (Patel et al., 1997;Jones et al., 1998). 5. Surveys such as that conducted by Smith (1988) have shown that ...... 6. Several attempts have been made to ....... (Smith, 1996; Jones 1999; Johnson, 2001) 7. Several studies have revealed that it is not just X that acts on ...... (Smith, 1996; Jones ....... 8. Several biographies of Harris have been published. Smith presents an ........ account, whilst Jones ..... 9. Several studies investigating X have been carried out on ...... 10. Data from several sources have identified the increased morbidity and mortality associated with obesity 11. Previous studies have reported ...... (Smith, 1985; Jones, 1987; Johnson, 1992). 12. Previous research findings into X have been inconsistent and contradictory (Smith, 1996; Jones 1999, ...... 13. A number of studies have found that ...... (Smith , 2003; Jones, 2004). 14. Twenty cohort study analyses have examined the relationship between ....... 15. At least 152 case-control studies worldwide have examined the relationship between...... 16. Other studies have considered the relationship ...... 17. The relationship between X and Y has been widely investigated (Smith, 1985; Jones, 1987, ....... 18. The causes of X have been widely investigated (Jones, 1987; Johnson, 1990; Smith, 1994).

相关文档
相关文档 最新文档